SLUUBD3D – September 2015 – Revised September 2018 Preface Read this First This manual discusses the modules and peripherals of the bq78350-R1 device, and how each is used to build a complete battery pack gas gauge and protection solution. Notational Conventions...
SHA-1 Authentication • Package: 30-Lead TSSOP The bq78350-R1 is intended to be used with the bq769x0 Battery Monitor with a 2.5-V REGOUT configuration and I C Address 0x08. However, the bq78350-R1 can use a bq769x0 with or without the communications CRC enabled (the bq78350-R1 automatically detects if CRC is enabled).
The internal 14-bit ADC of the bq769x0 measures each cell voltage value, which is then communicated digitally to the bq78350-R1 where it is scaled and translated into unit millivolts. The maximum supported input range of the ADC is 6.075 V.
DA Configuration. 2.4.1 FET Temperature Measurement The bq78350-R1 can be configured to report FET temperature, which can be available through DAStatus2(). If multiple temperature sensors are selected for FET temperature, then either the average or highest is used based on the setting of [FTEMP] in [DA Configuration].
See the Temperature Ranges data flash subclass for details on the specific data flash variables. Basic Configuration Options There are a variety of options available in the bq78350-R1 and the companion AFE that influence the startup conditions, system configuration, and the data measurement system.
0 = VAUX input is not measured (default). 1 = VAUX input is measured and made available via VAUXVoltage(). VAUX_SCALE (Bit 2): Enables the bq78350-R1 to scale the VAUXVoltage() data by 10. For example: Units are 10 mV rather than 1 mV.
1 = The bq78350-R1 controls PRECHG under normal charge control algorithm (default). 2.6.3 AFE Cell Map This register maps the cells connected to the companion AFE so that the bq78350-R1 knows cells are present at the indicated VCx channel. Size in...
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Basic Configuration Options www.ti.com The bq78350-R1 determines which companion AFE is connected by the total number of cells connected. • When Series Cells = 3 to 5, the bq76920 companion AFE is used. • When Series Cells = 6 to 10, the bq76930 companion AFE is used.
Protections Introduction The bq78350-R1 supports a wide range of battery and system protection features that are easily configured or enabled via the integrated data flash. All of the protection items can be enabled or disabled under Settings:Enable Protections A, Settings:Enable Protections B, and Settings:Enable Protections C.
1 = Enabled 3.1.3 Enabled Removal Recovery The bq78350-R1 offers the option to recover current-based protection by detecting the PRES pin transition from high to low; for example, the pack is removed and re-inserted into the system. To enable the replacement recovery, the appropriate bit in Enable Removable Recovery A and Enable Removable Recovery B should be set.
RSVD (Bits 5–0): Reserved. Do not use. 3.1.4 FET Action Options for Current Protections The bq78350-R1 offers the option to turn off the CHG FET during an overcurrent in discharge (OCD), overcurrent in discharge latch (OCDL), overload (AOLD), overload latch (AOLDL) or short circuit in discharge (ASCD), short circuit in discharge latch (ASCDL) faults, or the DSG FET in overcurrent in charge (OCC) faults.
Hardware-Based Protection The bq78350-R1 device has two main hardware-based protections, AOLD and ASCD, with adjustable current and delay time. Setting ASCD Threshold and Delay [RSNS] doubles the threshold value. It is located in bit 8 of the ASCD Threshold Delay register. The Threshold settings are in mV; therefore, the actual current that triggers the protection is based on the R used in the schematic design.
1 = Enabled 0 = Disabled (default) The bq78350-R1 has a minimum voltage required to attempt to blow a fuse through SAFE activation. This is a pack-based value of 3500 mV. Voltage scaling (VSCALE) should be enabled if the supported battery pack voltage is higher than 32767 mV.
Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail The bq78350-R1 uses the OV Protection function of the companion AFE for this feature and can be configured to permanently disable the battery in the case of severe overvoltage in any of the cells. This feature cannot be disabled.
The device can detect an external override signal sent to the companion bq769x0 AFE, which can cause permanent failure of the battery. This can be used to indicate to the bq78350-R1 that an external circuit, such as an independent voltage protection circuit, has disabled the battery permanently.
The companion bq769x0 AFE includes an internal self-check, and if this check fails, then the XREADY bit is set. Each time the bq78350-R1 reads the AFE it checks this bit, and if it is set, then increments an internal counter. If this counter reaches a configurable limit, then the device disables the pack permanently.
4.19 Open Thermistor Permanent Fail (TS1, TS2, TS3) The device can permanently disable the battery if it detects an open thermistor on TS1, TS2, or TS3. This feature is only available when the bq78350-R1 is used in conjunction with the bq76930 or the bq76940. Status...
Per the Smart Battery Data Specification v1.1, TDA is only active while discharging and TCA is only active while charging but the bq78350-R1 will only follow this particular requirement if SOC Flag Config [SBS_COMP] = 1. By default, the TCA and TDA flags will not change based on current magnitude or direction.
The bq78350-R1 has the capability to detect the presence of a system and/or a charger through the state of the PRES pin. This can be used to disable the battery output when the bq78350-R1 detects the battery has been removed from the system or charger.
Cell Balance Interval. The cell(s) to be balanced are prioritized by highest cell voltage but the bq78350-R1 will not try to balance adjacent cells. If adjacent cells need to be balanced, the bq78350-R1 will alternate between the highest and next-highest adjacent cells until they are balanced.
SLUUBD3D – September 2015 – Revised September 2018 Power Modes Introduction To enhance battery life, the bq78350-R1 supports several power modes to minimize power consumption during operation. NORMAL Mode In NORMAL mode, the device takes voltage, current, and temperature readings every 250 ms, performs protection and gauging calculations, updates SBS data, and makes status readings at 1-s intervals.
8.3.3 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode The bq78350-R1 provides an option to enter SLEEP mode when the battery is in the system. When the DA Configuration [IN_SYSTEM_SLEEP] = 1, the device will enter SLEEP mode when OperationStatus()[PRES] = 1 and all other sleep conditions are also met.
ManufacturerAccess() Shutdown command if Current() = 0 and OperationStatus() [DSG] = 1. Power Mode Indication (PWRM) The PWRM pin can be used to indicate the power mode of the bq78350-R1. The PWRM has the following conditions: •...
The main charge counter, RemainingCapacity() (RC), represents the available capacity or energy in the battery at any given time. The bq78350-R1 adjusts RC for charge, self-discharge, and other compensation factors. The information in the RC register is accessible through the SMBus.
Introduction www.ti.com The bq78350-R1 computes RC in units based of the settings of two configuration bits, CapM and SpecificationInfo(). RC counts up during charge to a maximum value of FCC and down during discharge and self-discharge to a minimum of 0. In addition to charge and self-discharge compensation, the bq78350-R1 calibrates RC at three low-battery-voltage thresholds, EDV2, EDV1, and EDV0.
The DischargeCountRegister() (DCR) register that tracks discharge of the battery. The bq78350-R1 uses the DCR register to update the FCC register if the battery undergoes a qualified discharge from nearly full to a low battery level. In this way, the bq78350-R1 learns the true discharge capacity of the battery under system-use conditions.
FCC cannot be reduced by more than FCC Learn Down or increased by more than FCC Learn Up during any single update cycle. The bq78350-R1 saves the new FCC value to the data flash within 4 s of being updated.
If the [EDV_CMP] bit in CEDV Gauging Configuration is set, automatic EDV compensation is enabled and the bq78350-R1 computes the EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 thresholds based on values stored in CEDV Cfg subclass of data flash and the battery's current discharge rate and temperature. However, if [FIXED_EDV0] bit in CEDV Gauging Configuration is set, then even if [EDV_CMP] = 1, then EDV0 is a fixed voltage value and is not compensated.
The bq78350-R1 performs EDV-based RC adjustments with Current() ≥ C/32. No EDVs are set if Current() < C/32. The bq78350-R1 adjusts RC as it detects each threshold. If the voltage threshold is reached before the corresponding capacity on discharge, the bq78350-R1 reduces RC to the appropriate...
Loads 9.1.10 EDV Age Factor EDV Age factor allows the bq78350-R1 to correct the EDV detection algorithm to compensate for cell aging. This parameter scales cell impedances as the cycle count increases. This factor is used to accommodate for much higher impedances observed in larger capacity and/or aged cells.
The bq78350-R1 can be configured to compensate for a constant load (as from battery electronics) present in the battery pack at all times. The bq78350-R1 applies the compensation continuously when the charge or discharge is below the digital filter. The bq78350-R1 applies the compensation in addition to self-discharge.
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Gauging Configuration Options www.ti.com FIXED_EDV0 (Bit 5): This bit determines whether the bq78350-R1 implements automatic EDV compensation to calculate the EDV0 threshold based on rate, temperature, and capacity, or uses a fixed voltage value. If EDV_CMP = 0, then this bit has no effect.
Manufacture Production 12.1 Manufacture Testing To improve the manufacture testing flow, the bq78350-R1 allows certain features to be toggled on or off through ManufacturerAccess() commands: for example, the PRE-CHG FET(), CHG FET(), DSG FET(), Lifetime Data Collection(), Calibration(), and so on. Enabling only the feature under test can simplify the test flow in production by avoiding any feature interference.
RSVD (Bits 3–0): Reserved. Do not use. 12.2 Calibration The bq78350-R1 device has integrated routines that support calibration of current, voltage, and temperature readings, accessible after writing 0xF081 or 0xF082 to ManufacturerAccess() when the ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] bit is ON. While the calibration is active, the factory calibrated ADC data is available on ManufacturerData().
10. Send 0x002D to ManufacturerAccess() to clear the [CAL] flag if all calibration is complete. 12.2.2 External Average Voltage Calibration The bq78350-R1 can be configured with an external resistor divider to measure the battery stack voltage directly. This measurement has its own calibration procedure.
5. Update Ext Cell Divider Gain in data flash. 12.2.3 VAUX Voltage Calibration The bq78350-R1 can be configured with an auxiliary voltage measurement input. This measurement has its own calibration procedure, as follows: 1. Apply a known voltage in mV to the VAUX input.
During normal operation, there could be noise generated in the battery electronics environment that could cause the bq78350-R1 to accumulate incorrectly (positively or negatively). To filter out this noise, the Coulomb Counter Deadband setting is used. Any input below this threshold is not accumulated.
13.1.1 Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display Operation The LED display is the default display type for the bq78350-R1. When the LED display is activated, the device turns on the appropriate LEDs through the LED1..5 pins when a push button is pressed or a command is sent to the device.
Host Controlled GPIO 14.1 Introduction The bq78350-R1 can have the SMBus host read or drive GPIO. Two of the available seven GPIO are dedicated GPIO (GPIO A and GPIO B), and the other five are default configured as the LED display (LED1...5).
AFE to turn on the DSG FET only if all other safety conditions allow. If KEYEN = 1 and if the bq78350-R1 experiences a full power-on reset, then DSG FET will be turned OFF and the KEYIN transition is again required to turn on the DSG FET.
[HPE] bit should be set to 0 (default). In the write-word protocol, the bq78350-R1 receives the PEC after the last byte of data from the host. If the host does not support PEC, the last byte of data is followed by a stop condition. After receipt of the PEC, the bq78350-R1 compares the value to its calculation.
BLT0 RSVD BCAST FIXED_ADDR (Bit 7): This bit enables the bq78350-R1 to determine its slave address via measurement of the SMBA pin or to use a fixed address of 0x16. 0 = The SMBus slave address is selected via SMBA.
The device can return the data flash checksum. When 0x0005 is written to ManufacturerAccess() the bq78350-R1 returns the signature of all static DF on a subsequent read on ManufacturerBlockAccess() or ManufacturerData() after a wait time of 250 ms. The MSB is set to 1 if the calculated signature does not match the signature stored in DF.
The device can return the data flash checksum. When 0x0008 is written to ManufacturerAccess(), the bq78350-R1 returns the signature of all static chemistry DF on a subsequent read on ManufacturerBlockAccess() or ManufacturerData() after a wait time of 250 ms. The MSB is set to 1 if the calculated signature does not match the signature stored in DF.
This command seals the device for the field, disabling certain SBS commands and access to DF. When 0x0030 is written to ManufacturerAccess() when OperationStatus()[SEC1, SEC0] = 0,1 or 1,0, then the bq78350-R1 device enters SEALED mode and OperationStatus()[SEC1, SEC0] is set to 1,1. 17.2.31 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0035 Security Keys This is a read/write command that changes the Unseal and Full Access keys.
This read- or write-word function sets or gets the RemainingTimeAlarm() value. The default value of RemainingTimeAlarm() is stored in Rem Time Alarm. If RemainingTimeAlarm() = 0, this alarm is disabled. If AverageTimeToEmpty() < RemainingTimeAlarm(), the [RTA] flag is set and the bq78350-R1 sends an AlarmWarning() message to the SMBus host. If AverageTimeToEmpty() ≥...
1 = Disable Alarm Warning broadcasts to host and smart battery charger (default) 0 = Enable AlarmWarning broadcasts to host and smart battery charger PB (Bit 9): Primary Battery. This bit does not affect the operation of the bq78350-R1 device and is for information only.
AtRate() = 0. AtRateTimeToEmpty() can report time based on constant current ([LDMD] = 0) or constant power ([LDMD] = 1), and is updated within 1 s after the SMBus host sets the AtRate() value. The bq78350-R1 updates AtRateTimeToEmpty() at 1-s intervals.
SBS Configuration Data Manufacturer Info String — — — ASCII When the bq78350-R1 is in CALIBRATION mode, this command changes the data it returns. See Calibration for more details on the data and format. Access Name Protocol Type Unit Note...
HostFETControl() command, then [HCFET] in OperationStatus() is set. If there are any SMBus commands received by the bq78350-R1 in between receiving the FET control access code and the FET control data, then the FET control data is ignored. The host must wait 4 s to start another sequence to control the FETs whether the previous sequence was successful or not.
0x3F CellVoltage1 17.41 0x4C DynamicPower() The bq78350-R1 includes the read-only DynamicPower() word command, which returns a value of Current() × Voltage() in 10 mW units. If Current() and/or Voltage() are scaled, then the units of DynamicPower() are also scaled. Size in...
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