PerkinElmer LS 55 User Manual
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PerkinElmer LS 55 User Manual

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Summary of Contents for PerkinElmer LS 55

  • Page 1 LS 55 User’s Guide...
  • Page 2 Notices The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Except as specifically set forth in its terms and conditions of sale, PerkinElmer makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Specifications of the LS 55................ 18 Unpacking and Installation .............. 21 Introduction..................... 22 Shipping kit list ..................24 Lifting the LS 55 Luminescence Spectrometer ..........25 Removal of the shipping clamps..............26 Electrical Connections................29 Connection to electrical mains supply..........29 Accessory connectors .................
  • Page 4 4 . LS 55 User’s Guide Using the Septum Injector ................ 48 Using Stirrer Bars ..................50 Minimum volumes with various cuvette types..........51 Semi-micro Cuvette and Holder ..............52 Description ..................52 Installation ..................52 Stirred Semi-micro Cuvette ............... 53 Description ..................
  • Page 5 LS 55 User’s Guide . 5 The Polarizer Accessory ................105 Description ..................105 Installation ..................106 Bit Switches..................110 Operation ..................110 The Low Temperature Accessory............. 111 Description ..................111 Installation ..................112 Filling the accessory with liquid nitrogen ........... 117 Operation ..................
  • Page 6 6 . LS 55 User’s Guide Customizing filter wheels ................ 179 Changing the Lamp ................181 Preparing the LS 55 for transport ............188 Inserting the clamps ................ 188 Lifting the LS 55 Luminescence Spectrometer ........191 Removing the clamps ............... 191 Cleaning the LS 55 .................

  • Page 7: Warnings And Safety Information

    Warnings and Safety Information...

  • Page 8: Safety Information

    Ambient temperature 15 °C to 35 °C Relative humidity 75% maximum, non-condensing Environmental conditions for safe operation The LS 55 has been designed to be safe under the following conditions: • Indoor use. • Altitude up to 2000 m. •...
  • Page 9 Warnings and Safety Information . 9 This equipment must be earthed (grounded). WARNING Any interruption of the protective conductor, inside or outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth terminal is likely to make the instrument dangerous. When the instrument is connected to the mains supply, terminals may be hazardous when live and the opening of covers or the removal of parts (except those to which access can be gained by hand) is likely to expose live parts.

  • Page 10: Warning Labels On The Instrument

    10 . LS 55 User’s Guide Warning Labels on the Instrument Figure 1 Caution label When the Caution label (Figure 1) is attached to the instrument it means ‘Caution, risk of danger’. Refer to this User’s Guide to find out the nature of the potential hazard and any actions which have to be taken.

  • Page 11: Further Assistance

    (a RESPONSIBLE BODY). Further assistance For technical assistance, please contact your local PerkinElmer office or agent, or the address at the front of this manual.
  • Page 12 12 . LS 55 User’s Guide...

  • Page 13: Introduction

    Introduction...

  • Page 14: About This Manual

    14 . LS 55 User’s Guide About this Manual This LS 55 User's Guide describes specifications and the installation of the LS 55 Luminescence spectrometer and its accessories. Information about the FL WinLab Software package can be found in the FL WinLab Software User's Guide , which is delivered with the instrument.
  • Page 15 Introduction . 15 We use the term WARNING to inform you about situations that could result in personal injury to yourself or other persons. Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one. WARNING Warning (Warnung) Bedeutet, daß es bei Nichtbeachten der genannten Anweisung zu einer Verletzung des Benutzers kommen kann.
  • Page 16 16 . LS 55 User’s Guide We use the term CAUTION to inform you about situations that could result in serious damage to the instrument or other CAUTION equipment. Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.

  • Page 17: Definitions

    Introduction . 17 Definitions OPERATOR: Person operating the equipment for its intended purpose. RESPONSIBLE BODY: Individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of the equipment and for ensuring that the OPERATORS are adequately trained.

  • Page 18: Specifications Of The Ls 55

    18 . LS 55 User’s Guide Specifications of the LS 55 Principle: Computer controlled ratioing luminescence spectrometer with the capability of measuring fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence. Source: Xenon discharge lamp, equivalent to 20 kW for 8 μs duration. Pulse width at half height <10 μs.
  • Page 19 Introduction . 19 Supply Voltages: 100 V / 120 V / 220 V / 230 V Frequency: 50 / 60 Hz Power: 150 VA...
  • Page 20 20 . LS 55 User’s Guide...

  • Page 21: Unpacking And Installation

    Unpacking and Installation...

  • Page 22: Introduction

    Introduction The Model LS 55 Luminescence Spectrometer consists of a spectrometer unit connected to a personal computer (PC). At the front of the Model LS 55 is the sample compartment, which is hinged on the underside. The compartment can be opened by using the finger grip on top of the compartment, as shown in Figure 3, to pull the cover down.
  • Page 23 Unpacking and Installation . 23 The Model LS 55 has several other sockets on the rear panel. The electrical mains socket is located on the lower right hand side (viewed from the back) of the rear panel. On the left hand side of the rear panel are an RS232C socket and a terminal block.

  • Page 24: Shipping Kit List

    24 . LS 55 User’s Guide Shipping kit list Part Number Description L2255133 Communications cable, LS 45 to PC L2255142 Analog signal cable OC973134 Fuse, 250 V T2 A Slo-Blo OC962348 Fuse, 250 V, 1 AT 04969185 Fuse, 250 V, T100 mA Slo-Blo...

  • Page 25: Lifting The Ls 55 Luminescence Spectrometer

    WARNING As the LS 55 Luminescence Spectrometer weighs approximately 49 kg (approximately 59 kg with packaging), we recommend that the spectrometer is lifted by 2 adults, and that it is lifted by the base of the instrument.

  • Page 26: Removal Of The Shipping Clamps

    To remove the shipping clamps proceed as follows: 1. Position the LS 55 on the front of the bench so that it overhangs the bench by approximately 8 cm. 2. Undo the two captive screws positioned in recesses underneath the front of the instrument.
  • Page 27 Unpacking and Installation . 27 Figure 7 Inside the LS 55 4. Remove the two screws securing one of the clamp plates, as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 Shipping clamp screws 5. Lift out the plate. 6. Remove the hexagonal bolt, as shown in Figure 9.
  • Page 28 28 . LS 55 User’s Guide 7. Turn the clamp plate through 180 degrees so that the hole in the plate no longer lines up with the hole where the bolt was, then replace it, securing it with the two screws removed in step 4, as shown in Figure 10.

  • Page 29: Electrical Connections

    Unpacking and Installation . 29 Electrical Connections Connection to electrical mains supply The mains socket is located on the instrument rear panel, as shown in Figure 12. Ensure that the voltage plate displays the correct voltage setting for the mains supply to be used before plugging the mains lead into the socket.

  • Page 30: Rear Panel Connectors

    30 . LS 55 User’s Guide Rear panel connectors On the left-hand side of the rear panel (viewed from the back) is a socket labeled RS232C Controller and an eight tag terminal block, as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 Rear panel electrical connections...
  • Page 31 FL WinLab software. The Terminal block The terminal block is used to provide analog signal output from the LS 55, to initiate remote starts and to provide logic status signals for use with intelligent external systems.
  • Page 32 Biokinetic accessory. All FL WinLab software applications which display a Show Timed Events option will respond to the contact closure/button press. Scan Busy This is a logic level signal, and follows the status of the LS 55: • during data collection the Scan Busy line is set high.
  • Page 33 LS 55. Such a system, if programmed properly in the autosampler, is considered ´closed´ since the LS 55 will wait for the autosampler signal before performing a measurement, then the autosampler will wait until the LS 55 has finished being...

  • Page 34: Switching On The Ls 55

    PC. The procedure for switching on is as follows: 1. Before switching on any of the units, ensure that the PC is connected to the LS 55 via the RS232C cable and that both the LS 55 and PC are connected to the electrical mains supply.
  • Page 35 Unpacking and Installation . 35 3. Switch on the PC. 4. When Windows has loaded, start the FL WinLab software. NOTE: If the instrument has not yet finished initializing, this will be shown on the bottom-right side of FL WinLab Application dialogs. This will automatically reset to Online when the system is ready.
  • Page 36 36 . LS 55 User’s Guide...

  • Page 37: Accessories: Installation And Use

    Accessories: Installation and Use...

  • Page 38: Single Position Cellholder (Standard)

    Single Position Cellholder (standard) Figure 17 Single position cellholder Description The standard cellholder (L2250140) delivered with the LS 55 accepts 12.5 mm square (10 mm pathlength) cuvettes, and can be thermostatted using circulated Installing Thermostatting Tubing to Cellholders water (as detailed in page 45).

  • Page 39: Stirred Single Position Cellholder

    55) and cleaning the base and pressure bar if spillages occur (see Solvents on page 56). Operation The stirrer status (Low, High or Off) can be set by clicking the accessory icon in Using Stirrer Bars the LS 55 Status application, as discussed in on page 50.

  • Page 40: Stirred Four-Position Cellchanger

    40 . LS 55 User’s Guide Stirred Four-Position Cellchanger Figure 19 Stirred four-position cellchanger Description The four-position stirred cellchanger (L2250134) accepts 12.5 mm square (10 mm pathlength) cuvettes, and can be thermostatted using circulated water (as Installing Thermostatting Tubing to Cellholders detailed in on page 45).

  • Page 41: Biokinetics Accessory

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 41 Biokinetics Accessory Figure 20 Biokinetics accessory Description The Biokinetics accessory (L2250145) is a single position cellholder, which accepts 12.5 mm square (10 mm pathlength) cuvettes, and can be thermostatted using Installing Thermostatting Tubing to Cellholders circulated water (as detailed in page 45).

  • Page 42: Operation

    This is located in the block of the cellholder, and is used to report the temperature of the sample. NOTE: The sensor should be calibrated using the FL WinLab LS 55 Status application. FL WinLab applications which display graphical data (Scan, TimeDrive, etc.) automatically record the temperature at the start of data collection in the result dataset header.

  • Page 43: Screw-Fitting Flowcell

    3x3x10 mm, a volume of 90 μL) is almost perfectly matched to the light beam geometry of the LS 55 (the measured volume is 3x3x9 mm, a volume of 81μL). This means that this flowcell does not suffer from the sensitivity losses normally associated with flowcells, but gives excellent sensitivity, equivalent to a normal cuvette.

  • Page 44: Installation And Maintenance

    The inlet and outlet tubing should be installed with screw fittings using the PerkinElmer Flange tool (B3000001). This enables you to fit a wide range of screw fittings to various diameter tubing. Ideally, PTFE or FEP tubing should be used, as this is chemically inert.

  • Page 45: Installing Thermostatting Tubing To Cellholders

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 45 Installing Thermostatting Tubing to Cellholders All cuvette holders supplied for use with the LS 55 are thermostattable using circulating water: • The cuvette holders are made watertight with a sealant that is guaranteed up to 60 °C.
  • Page 46 46 . LS 55 User’s Guide Figure 24 Routing the tubing 3. Attach the tubing to the cellholder nozzles and secure with cable ties or clamps, as shown in Figure 25. Figure 25 Attaching the tubing to the cellholder...

  • Page 47: The Four-Position Cellchanger

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 47 The four-position cellchanger Installing tubing for the four-position cellchanger is slightly more complicated: 1. Disconnect the cellchanger, so it can be turned manually. 2. Turn the cellchanger to appear as shown in Figure 26. Figure 26 Positioning the cellchanger 3.

  • Page 48: Using The Septum Injector

    Using the Septum Injector Figure 27 The septum injector The LS 55 is delivered with a septum injector accessory. This locates on top of the sample area door, and guides a syringe needle into the cuvette. To install the septum injector: 1.
  • Page 49 If not, the septum is probably too thick to allow the cap to grip the barrel adequately, and should be replaced. 3. Remove the blanking plug from the LS 55 sample area door, as shown in Figure 29. Blanking plug Figure 29 The blanking plug 4.

  • Page 50: Using Stirrer Bars

    PerkinElmer cuvette Polymer cuvette Special stirrer Figure 30 Stirrers in cuvettes The stirrer is controlled using the FL WinLab LS 55 Status application, by clicking the accessory icon. Three speeds can be set: • Off - no stirring. •...

  • Page 51: Minimum Volumes With Various Cuvette Types

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 51 Minimum volumes with various cuvette types It is often desirable to minimize the volume of reagents used in the cuvette. This can be done using a smaller internal pathlength cuvette, with or without a stirring chamber underneath.

  • Page 52: Semi-Micro Cuvette And Holder

    In spite of the decreased volume, however, sensitivity is not compromised since the LS 55 has a measured volume of 3 x 3 x 9 mm, which is smaller than the semi-micro cuvette's internal 5 mm pathlength.

  • Page 53: Stirred Semi-Micro Cuvette

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 53 Stirred Semi-micro Cuvette Figure 34 The stirred semi-micro cuvette Description Micro and semi-micro cuvettes, which allow the user to measure smaller sample volumes than standard 1cm pathlength cuvettes, typically have disadvantages in that stirring and thermostatting are difficult to achieve. In the case of stirring, this is either because the internal dimensions of the microcuvette are too small or because the small size of the stirrer for cuvettes with 5 mm pathlength do not function efficiently.

  • Page 54: Operation

    54 . LS 55 User’s Guide Figure 35 Cross-section of the stirred semi-micro cuvette Operation The stirrer is controlled using the LS 55 Status application in the FL WinLab Using Stirrer Bars software, as discussed in on page 50.

  • Page 55: Care Of Optical Mirrors Inside Cellholder Accessories

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 55 Care of Optical Mirrors Inside Cellholder Accessories The mirrors built into cellholder accessories are used to reflect unabsorbed excitation light back into the sample to give a second pass at exciting the sample. The emission mirror collects a portion of light emitted away from the instrument and reflects it back into the instrument.

  • Page 56: Resistance To Solvents

    56 . LS 55 User’s Guide Resistance to Solvents The base of the cuvette holder block is manufactured from Delrin, a reasonably inert polymer. This is done to effect thermal isolation from the baseplate of the accessory for thermostatting. Although Delrin is resistant to most solvents, it can still be attacked by particularly aggressive solvents and acids such as 0.1 M...

  • Page 57: Sipper

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 57 Sipper Figure 36 The Sipper accessory Description The Sipper accessory (L2250135) is used to increase sample throughput, either by itself or in conjunction with an external autosampler. The Sipper consists of a flow cell coupled to a peristaltic pump. When used without an autosampler, sampling is initiated by putting the sample container under the tube, lifting the container so that the tube goes into the sample and then raising it further until a microswitch is activated which starts the pump, as shown in...

  • Page 58: Installation And Maintenance

    Installation and maintenance The Sipper accessory must be aligned before use, to ensure that the center of the flowcell sits correctly at the optical focus of the LS 55. Installation is carried out as follows: 1. If the tubing is clamped in the switch lever, loosen the tubing clamp screw, as shown in Figure 38, and pull out the tubing.
  • Page 59 Accessories: Installation and Use . 59 Figure 39 The mount plate 4. Fix the Sipper to the LS 55 accessory bracket and lock it into place by pressing the two quick release fasteners. 5. Insert the accessory cable into the right-hand accessory socket inside the sample area.

  • Page 60: Operation

    Figure 41 until the maximum signal is observed. Figure 41 Adjustment screws 12. Remove the accessory from the LS 55 sample area and tighten the locking screws shown in Figure 39. 13. Re-fit the front plate, as shown in Figure 38.
  • Page 61 Accessories: Installation and Use . 61 2. Click the Sipper icon in the LS 55 Status application. 3. Select whether to Pump Forwards or to Pump Reverse, enter the required Pump Time (in seconds) and click Sip. Scanning spectra 1. In the Scan application, select the kinetic scan option.
  • Page 62 62 . LS 55 User’s Guide 2. Set up the kinetic scan parameters panel as required. Now, when you start a scan by clicking on the green traffic light, the system will wait for the Sipper switch to be activated. The sample will then be pumped into the flowcell and the spectrum measured.

  • Page 63: Lc Flowcell

    NOTE: FEP tubing has low structural strength and thus poor resistance to back pressure, so care should be taken when placing the LS 55 with LC Flowcell into a series of detectors. The LS 55 should be located at the end of the chain to reduce back pressure.
  • Page 64 This enables the flowcell mount plate to move freely during alignment. Figure 44 Mount plate locking screws 3. Affix the LC Flowcell accessory to the LS 55 and lock it into place by pressing the two quick release fasteners. 4. Connect the syringe supplied to the inlet tube.

  • Page 65: Operation

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 65 Figure 45 Adjustment screws 8. Remove the accessory from the LS 55 sample area and tighten the locking screws shown in Figure 44. 9. Carefully feed the inlet and outlet tubes through the grommets on the front cover plate then re-secure the front cover plate using the two screws, as shown in Figure 43.

  • Page 66: Front Surface Accessory

    66 . LS 55 User’s Guide Front Surface Accessory Figure 46 The Front Surface accessory Description The Front Surface accessory (52123130) is used for the measurement of powders and flat samples such as papers, leaves, polymers, etc. It is also used in the life sciences for turbid samples where the sample cannot be diluted but gives severe quantitative problems due to light scattering.

  • Page 67: Installation And Maintenance

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 67 Installation and maintenance 1. Remove the two screws that hold the fascia and front panel, as shown in Figure 47. Figure 47 Front bolts 2. Refit the front plate without the fascia, as shown in Figure 48. Figure 48 Front plate without fascia 3.
  • Page 68 4. Loosen the three screws on the underside of the accessory, as shown in Figure 50. Figure 50 The screws underneath the accessory 5. Fit the accessory to the LS 55 using the two cam-lock fasteners. Operation 6. Mount a flat fluorescent sample in the Front Surface accessory (see on page 70).
  • Page 69 The alignment will now remain constant. 12. Remove the two screws from the front plate and refit the front plate with fascia, as shown in Figure 47. 13. Re-fit the accessory to the LS 55 using the two cam-lock fasteners.

  • Page 70: Operation

    70 . LS 55 User’s Guide Operation There are two adjustable parts in the Front Surface accessory, these allow the measurement of samples with varying thickness. The plunger plate is spring loaded, the stroke of the spring action is controlled by a metal ring, locked by a horizontal screw, as shown in Figure 52.

  • Page 71: Using Powders

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 71 Using Powders The powder accessory can be used to measure powders or flat samples which are too small to be held in the accessory’s window. The sample should be as finely powdered and as homogenous as possible to avoid surface structure effects.
  • Page 72 72 . LS 55 User’s Guide Figure 54 Using the powder accessory...

  • Page 73: Plate Reader

    Figure 55 The Plate Reader Description The Plate Reader accessory (L2250140) attaches to the front of the LS 55 and can be used to measure microplates or scan any flat sample up to a measurement area of 128 mm x 96 mm.
  • Page 74 3. Open the sample area accessory cover and remove the existing sampling accessory by pressing on the 2 quick release fasteners. 4. Undo the three screws which attach the sample accessory bracket to the LS 55, as shown in Figure 57.
  • Page 75 5. Unscrew the two fixing screws and remove the optical assembly, as shown in Figure 58. This is so that the sharp square edges at the front of the optical assembly cannot accidentally break the LS 55´s optical windows during fitting. Figure 58 Optical assembly screws...
  • Page 76 76 . LS 55 User’s Guide 6. Fix the plate reader body to the LS 55 by aligning the steel dowels, as shown in Figure 59. Figure 59 Locating dowels 7. Tighten the three screws that secure the Plate Reader to the LS 55, as shown in Figure 60.
  • Page 77 Accessories: Installation and Use . 77 Figure 61 Attaching the optical assembly 9. Using the LS 55 Status application, set the excitation wavelength to 0 (zero order, white light) to assist in alignment. 10. Insert the dentist’s mirror between the LS 55 front plate and the optical assembly.
  • Page 78 Figure 63 The end of the fibre bundle as seen in the dentist’s mirror 13. Tighten the locking screw. Removing the Main Cover 14. Open the LS 55 main cover as detailed in page 173. Removing the Main Optical 15. Remove the main optical cover as detailed in Cover on page 176.
  • Page 79 21. Loosen the emission fibre locking screw, as shown in Figure 65. Figure 65 Emission fibre screws 22. Turn the adjustment screw until the white light is centralized on the emission slit inside the LS 55, as shown in Figure 66.

  • Page 80: Operation

    80 . LS 55 User’s Guide Figure 66 Aligning the emission fibre 23. Tighten the emission locking screw. NOTE: The Plate Reader can now be interchanged with the standard sample holder without need for further alignment. Operation Data can be collected from the Plate reader in one of three ways: •...

  • Page 81: The Tlc Scan Application

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 81 Figure 67 The Well Plate Reader application NOTE: The Plate Reader will remain at this position until it is sent to a different position, it is sent to Park/Datum position, or a Plate Reader run is started. By opening the Scan application, for example, spectra can be collected from the microplate.

  • Page 82: Measuring Tlc Plates, Gels Or Other Flat Samples

    82 . LS 55 User’s Guide Measuring TLC plates, gels or other flat samples The Plate Reader accessory is shipped with an anodized aluminium plate (L2251251) that is fitted with 2 clips (L2251249) for holding the sample flat to ensure baseline and signal value consistency, as shown in Figure 69.

  • Page 83: Red-Sensitive Detector

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 83 Red-sensitive Detector Figure 70 The Red-sensitive detector Description The red-sensitive photomultiplier (52124966) is fitted for the collection of emission data above 630 nm, above which point the standard photomultiplier has little or no sensitivity, as shown in Figure 71. Figure 71 Photomultiplier sensitivity...

  • Page 84: Installation

    84 . LS 55 User’s Guide Installation The photomultiplier installation procedure must be performed by a PerkinElmer Service Engineer. NOTE: In order to obtain corrected emission spectra, the correction factor spectrum will have to be collected specifically for the red-sensitive photomultiplier.

  • Page 85: Total Emission Accessory

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 85 Total Emission Accessory Figure 72 The Total Emission accessory Description Gratings used in monochromators have relatively poor transmission of white light. When absolute sensitivity is preferred over spectral resolution, using the zero order position (where the grating transmits white light) gives only small increases in sensitivity.

  • Page 86: Operation

    86 . LS 55 User’s Guide Operation When the Total Emission accessory is fitted, it can be selected in the LS 55 Status application's monochromator dialog. The emission grating is then driven out of the beam and is replaced by the mirror.

  • Page 87: External Fibre Optic Accessory

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 87 External Fibre Optic Accessory Figure 73 The external fibre optic accessory Description The external fibre optic accessory (L2250144) consists of a 1 meter-long fibre optic attached to a sample area holder, and can be used for remote sampling of luminescent samples.

  • Page 88: Installation

    88 . LS 55 User’s Guide Installation The accessory needs to be optically aligned to ensure that excitation light passes into the fibre and that emission light from the fibre is correctly passed into the emission monochromator. Take care not to bend the fibre to a radius of less than 10 cm, as this may cause damage to the fibres.
  • Page 89 Figure 78. Figure 78 Right holder grub screw 6. Using the FL WinLab LS 55 Status application, set the excitation wavelength to 0 (white light) to give good visibility during alignment.
  • Page 90 10. Turn the fibre until it is vertical and tighten the grub screw, as shown in Figure 80. Figure 80 Left holder grub screw 11. Open the central optical cover inside the LS 55 and observe the emission entrance slit through the open position of the emission filter wheel, as shown in Figure 81.
  • Page 91 Accessories: Installation and Use . 91 12. Move the left fibre holder until the light is central on the slit, as shown in Figure 82. Figure 82 Aligning the light 13. Tighten the knurled screw under the left fibre holder, to lock it. 14.

  • Page 92: Operation

    (keeping the fibre bundle vertical) to optimize the focus. 19. Tighten the knurled screw under the base plate to lock the fibre. 20. Replace the LS 55 central optical cover. 21. Turn on the photomultiplier voltage. 22. Close the main cover.
  • Page 93 Accessories: Installation and Use . 93 Figure 86 Masking the outer areas...

  • Page 94: The Fast Filter Accessory

    94 . LS 55 User’s Guide The Fast Filter Accessory Figure 87 The Fast Filter accessory Description The introduction of a range of cell permeable fluorescent probes that bind to intracellular ions, enables cell biologists to study the role of these ions as cellular messengers.
  • Page 95 Accessories: Installation and Use . 95 Probe Target ion Excitation wavelength Emission wavelength Bound Free Bound Free FURA-2 Ca++ 340 nm 380 nm 510 nm 510 nm INDO-1 Ca++ 355 nm 355 nm 405 nm 480 nm Mag-FURA-2 Mg++ 340 nm 380 nm 510 nm 510 nm...

  • Page 96: Installation

    96 . LS 55 User’s Guide Installation The Fast Filter accessory (L2250019) is normally fitted in the factory or is installed by a Service engineer. This involves among other things the installation of the Fast Filter controller circuit board and the base plinths for the Fast Filter drive units. In normal use, the only user access would be to change filters if required.
  • Page 97 Accessories: Installation and Use . 97 Figure 90 Assembling the filter brackets The positioning of the filters is predefined: • For polarizer filters, the vertical filter MUST be located in position 1 or 2. • For ratio filters, the top part of the ratio (for example, the 340 nm filter for FURA-2) MUST be located in position 1 or 2.
  • Page 98 The positions for the emission wheel are shown in Figure 92. Figure 92 Positions for the emission wheel Installing the excitation Fast Filter into the LS 55 Removing the Main Cover 1. Remove the LS 55 main cover, as described in page 173.
  • Page 99 Accessories: Installation and Use . 99 Removing the Main Optical 2. Remove the central optical cover as described in Cover on page 176. 3. Unplug the excitation filter wheel cable, as shown in Figure 93. Figure 93 Unplugging the cable 4.
  • Page 100 100 . LS 55 User’s Guide 5. Gently pry off the cable clamp to allow access for the Fast Filter plinth. 6. Locate the Fast Filter plinth onto the LS 55 baseplate, first aligning the pin on the baseplate with the hole in the plinth.
  • Page 101 Accessories: Installation and Use . 101 Installing the emission Fast Filter into the LS 55 The procedure for the emission Fast Filter is the same as the excitation Fast Filter, with the final attaching screws shown in Figure 96. Figure 96 Installing the emission Fast Filter Cabling and bitswitches Cables should be arranged as shown in Figure 97.
  • Page 102 102 . LS 55 User’s Guide Bit switches on the instrument control VME board should be setup depending on whether an Excitation Fast Filter, an Emission Fast Filter or both were fitted as follows: NOTE: Only the first two bit switches should be moved, the other switches are shown here for example purposes, but must not be moved from their factory settings.
  • Page 103 Accessories: Installation and Use . 103 3. Select LS 55 Status from the Application menu. The LS 55 Status dialog is displayed. 4. Enter the positions of the filters in the dialog. For example: for polarizers, the entries would be made similar to those shown...

  • Page 104: Operation

    FL WinLab menu. On starting, the Fast Filter application interrogates the filter position information entered via the LS 55 Status application. If polarizers are present then options for time-dependent collection of polarization and anisotropy will be offered. If the filters are standard band-pass type, then ratiometric options are offered.

  • Page 105: The Polarizer Accessory

    The polarizer accessory (L2250100) consists of two filter wheels fitted with polarizing elements. The polarizers are fitted inside the optical system of the LS 55 and are driven automatically. When the polarizers are not in use they are driven out of the beam restoring the full functionality of the LS 55.

  • Page 106: Installation

    The polarizers are normally factory fitted or service installed. However, if you need to change between Fast Filter wheels and polarizers, follow this procedure: Removing the Main Cover 1. Remove the LS 55 main cover, as described in page 173. Removing the Main Optical 2.
  • Page 107 Accessories: Installation and Use . 107 Figure 100 Excitation wheel screws 5. Fix the excitation polarizer wheel into the excitation filter wheel location by first locating the hole on the bottom of the filter bracket with the pin in the baseplate, then by tightening the two fixing screws, as shown in Figure 101.
  • Page 108 108 . LS 55 User’s Guide 6. Attach the excitation filter wheel control cable, as shown in Figure 102. Figure 102 Attaching the excitation control cable 7. Fix the emission polarizer into the emission filter wheel location, using the locating hole and pin for initial location of the wheel, as shown in Figure 103.
  • Page 109 Accessories: Installation and Use . 109 Figure 104 Checking the clearance 9. Tighten the polariser wheel fixing screws. 10. Attach the emission filter wheel control cable, as shown in Figure 105. Figure 105 Attaching the emission control cable 11. Refit the LS 55 covers.

  • Page 110: Bit Switches

    110 . LS 55 User’s Guide Bit Switches When the Polarizer accessory has been fitted, the first two bit switches (shown in black) on the instrument control VME board must be set to off (as shown in Figure 106). NOTE: The other bit switches (shown in gray) are shown as an example, but must not be changed from their original factory settings.

  • Page 111: The Low Temperature Accessory

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 111 The Low Temperature Accessory Figure 107 Low Temperature Accessory (without cover) This accessory uses liquid nitrogen to cool the sample to 77 K. During filling of the liquid nitrogen tank, protective gloves must be worn and care must be taken not to touch the metal surfaces of the accessory with unprotected hands.

  • Page 112: Installation

    112 . LS 55 User’s Guide The advantages of this system over traditional Dewar flasks are: • Bubbles do not occur within the optical path since the nitrogen tank is located below the optical plane of the instrument, leading to reduced noise.
  • Page 113 Accessories: Installation and Use . 113 1. Switch off the instrument and remove the mains supply cable. 2. Open the sample area cover and remove the current sample accessory. 3. Remove the sample area cover and accessory bracket by undoing the three fixing screws as shown in Figure 109.
  • Page 114 114 . LS 55 User’s Guide Fixing screw Sample tube Foam block Figure 110 Low Temperature Accessory with cover removed 6. Insert the two locating pins (see Figure 108) into the corresponding holes on the instrument accessory plate. 7. Secure the two accessory fixing screws at the top of the accessory (as shown in Figure 110, the right-hand screw is hidden by the black foam block) and the two screws at the bottom of the accessory.
  • Page 115 Accessories: Installation and Use . 115 5. Wipe the outside of the tube to dry it, and then insert the tube gently down through the opening in the sample holder block. 6. In Fl WinLab, start the TimeDrive application and enter the following parameters: •...
  • Page 116 116 . LS 55 User’s Guide 9. Tighten the four securing screws. During this, the position of the sample tube may shift slightly. Confirm that the signal is as high as the maximum seen during alignment. If not, repeat the alignment process above.

  • Page 117: Filling The Accessory With Liquid Nitrogen

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 117 Filling the accessory with liquid nitrogen During filling of the liquid nitrogen tank, protective gloves must be worn and care must be taken not to touch the metal surfaces of the accessory with unprotected hands. WARNING NOTE: During filling, an empty sample tube should be located in the accessory to avoid icing in the sample holder position.

  • Page 118: Operation

    118 . LS 55 User’s Guide Operation 1. Prepare a solution of the sample for measurement. Suitable solvents are ethanol, cyclohexane or mehtylcyclohexane or a mixture of diethylether, isopentane and ethanol (EPA) in the ratio 5:5:2. Do not use water as solvent, the pressure caused by freezing will burst the capillary.

  • Page 119: Removing The Accessory

    Accessories: Installation and Use . 119 7. When the accessory returns to room temperature after use, it can accumulate condensation from water. If the accessory is to be used again within several hours, ensure that the copper finger is dry by wiping with a paper tissue. NOTE: Whilst the accessory is at liquid nitrogen temperature, the sample position should never be empty: insert an empty tube into the sample holder to avoid this if necessary.

  • Page 120: Accessory Spares

    120 . LS 55 User’s Guide Accessory spares The following spares are available: Accessory Description Part Number Stirred cellchanger Stirrer bars (pack/6) 04978499 Thermostattable cellholders Tubing (2m) 04973213 Front Surface Powder holder complete with 52123164 silica window Front Surface Silica window for powder holder...

  • Page 121: Rs232 Commands

    RS232 Commands...

  • Page 122: Introduction

    122 . LS 55 User’s Guide Introduction This section describes the instrument resident software in the Model LS 55 Luminescence Spectrometer. All the instrument facilities described in this section are controlled via a single RS232C communications channel at 9600 baud. Data is output via the RS232C link and is also output in analogue form.
  • Page 123 RS232 Commands . 123 • Collected data is excitation corrected, block averaged, ratioed, normalized, and smoothed. Excitation correction is achieved by reference to a table of correction factors held in non-volatile memory. Smoothing filters are 'Savitsky-Golay' or binomial types with filter widths user selectable as any odd number between 3 and 101 points.
  • Page 124 124 . LS 55 User’s Guide Accessories fitted externally (plug-in accessories) are detected dynamically; the software responds immediately to accessories being plugged in or removed. For more complex plug-in accessories (for example the autosampling accessory), some initialization in addition to plugging in may be required before the software can control the device correctly.

  • Page 125: Section 1- Rs232C Communications

    RS232 Commands . 125 Section 1- RS232C Communications All facilities are controllable via the RS232C link. Data transmission is fixed at 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity and 1 stop bit. The instrument is always ready to receive data. All data sent from the instrument is in response to a command sent to it. The instrument outputs a busy error code if it is executing a command and another command is received.
  • Page 126 126 . LS 55 User’s Guide Special characters are as follows: • BS or % characters may be used to delete the previous character in a command string. • NULL and DEL are ignored. • DC1 prompts output when in prompted mode or causes return to free-running mode in the case that prompted mode was entered by receipt of DC3.

  • Page 127: Monochromator Drive

    RS232 Commands . 127 Monochromator Drive The monochromators may be driven in one of two modes: In Scan mode, either or both monochromators may be driven between specified limits. If both monochromators are driven, the excitation monochromator is driven at the specified constant wavelength speed and the emission monochromator either a constant wavelength or constant frequency offset from the excitation monochromator.

  • Page 128: Source Control And Photomultiplier Control

    128 . LS 55 User’s Guide Source Control and Photomultiplier Control Thirty minutes after the last user command has been completed, the source is turned off but the idle time drive continues. The PMT voltage is set nominally to a voltage dependent on the excitation slit position and the position of the excitation monochromator.

  • Page 129: Sample Acquisition Accessories

    RS232 Commands . 129 Sample Acquisition Accessories There are 4 types of sample acquisition accessory available: the peristaltic pump, the four-position cellchanger, the plate reader and the biokinetic accessory. • The peristaltic pump may be driven in either direction for a period of time specified in units of 0.1 seconds.
  • Page 130 130 . LS 55 User’s Guide During FFA data collection, synchronization pulses from the FFA board are monitored by the CPU software. Pulses must occur exactly once per filter unit rotation, be at least 1.7 ms in duration, and start in a window between 7.0 and 11.0 ms after the source flash (50 Hz and 60 Hz operation).

  • Page 131: Section 2 - Command Formats

    RS232 Commands . 131 Section 2 - Command Formats Following is a list of error codes. 0000 No error. CODES INDICATING END OF COMMAND EXECUTION 0002 Command not recognized. 0003 Invalid parameter format (real where integer expected). 0005 Not enough parameters. 0006 Illegal character in expected numeric parameter.
  • Page 132 132 . LS 55 User’s Guide 0113 Scan finished prematurely but not due to abort command (for example excess speed in constant frequency scan). 0114 Scan recoverable error (data integrity cannot be guaranteed). 0200 to Auto-calibration operation internal errors. (User text messages 0215 give details).

  • Page 133: Monochromator Scan Control Commands

    RS232 Commands . 133 Monochromator Scan Control Commands Command: ABSCISSA HIGH LIMIT Syntax: $AH <abscissa limit> Description: Sets either a new emission or excitation high abscissa limit depending on monochromator selection. Emission limit must be in range 200.0 to 900.0. Excitation limit must be in range 200.0 to 800.0.
  • Page 134 134 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: MONOCHROMATOR SELECTION Syntax: $MX code Description: Sets specified monochromator selection for subsequent scans: Code = 0 Excitation only, 1 Emission only, 2 Both. Returns error 0111 if emission or both selected with emission mirror in.
  • Page 135 RS232 Commands . 135 <ms> is a single character integer code representing current monochromator selection (see $MX command). <mq> is a single character integer code representing current monochromator selection qualifier (see $MQ command). <dc> is a single character integer code representing current data collection mode (see $PH command).

  • Page 136: Time Drive Commands

    136 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: SCAN SPEED Syntax: $SS speed Description: Sets the speed for subsequent scans. Speed may be integer in range 10 to 1500 or -1500 to -10 and has units of nm/min. Power-on default is 480. Returns scan speed if no parameter specified.
  • Page 137 RS232 Commands . 137 <ex.wavelength> is fixed format (xxx.x) representing the excitation monochromator position in nm. <em.wavelength> is fixed format (xxx.x) representing the emission monochromator position in nn. <speed> is a 4 digit integer representing current scan speed in nm/min. A leading minus is given for negative speeds. <response>...
  • Page 138 138 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: TIME INTERVAL Syntax: $TI time Description: Sets the time drive time interval. Time must be in range 0.02 to 99.98 and is rounded to 0.02. Units are seconds. Power-on default is 0.5 s.

  • Page 139: Tlc Scan Commands

    RS232 Commands . 139 TLC Scan Commands Command: TLC DATA INTERVAL Syntax: $IT interval Description: Sets data output interval for subsequent TLC scans. Interval is in range 0.1 to 2 mm and is rounded to nearest multiple of 0.1 mm. Power-on default is 0.5 mm. Command: TLC X AXIS-HGH LIMIT Syntax:...
  • Page 140 140 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: TLC SCAN SPEED Syntax: $TS speed Description: Sets speed for subsequent TLC scans. Speed is integer in range - 600 to 600 mm/min. Power-on default is 300 mm/min. Command: TLC X SCAN Syntax: Description: Starts TLC x scan.
  • Page 141 RS232 Commands . 141 <response> is a 3 digit integer representing smoothing filter response width (000 to 101). <ex.slitwidth> is fixed format (xx.x) representing the excitation slit width in nm. <em.slitwidth> is fixed format (xx.x) representing the emission slit width in nm. <max.points>...

  • Page 142: Data Collection/Processing Set Up Commands

    142 . LS 55 User’s Guide Data Collection/Processing Set Up Commands Command: EXCITATION CORRECTION SELECTION Syntax: $CX code Description: Selects the excitation correction to be applied. Code is integer with following values: 0 no correction, 1 correction. Power-on default is 1.
  • Page 143 RS232 Commands . 143 Command: FILTER SELECT Syntax: $FL code Description: Selects the filtering applied in the data processing. Code is integer with one of following values: 0 Savitsky-Golay filter, 1 Binomial filter. Power-on default is 0. Command: FILTER RESPONSE Syntax: $FR response number Description:...
  • Page 144 144 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: PHOSPHORESCENCE DELAY Syntax: $PD time Description: Sets specified phosphorescence delay time for any subsequent phosphorescence mode data collection. Time is an integer in range 0 to 900 000 and has units of 0.01 ms. Error 0103 is...
  • Page 145 RS232 Commands . 145 Command: PHOSPHORESCENCE/ FLUORESCENCE MODE Syntax: $PH mode Description: Mode is an integer with values: 0 sets normal fluorescence mode, 1 sets phosphorescence mode, 2 sets bioluminescence mode. Power-on default is 0. The current selection is returned if no parameter is specified.
  • Page 146 146 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: SET PHOSPHORESCENCE DARK CURRENT Syntax: $SD data collection cycles. Description: The specified number of data collection cycles are averaged to produce the dark current reading. Data collection cycles must be an integer in the range 1 to 1000. The default when the power is switched on is 10 cycles the dark current is set to zero.

  • Page 147: Data Output Control Commands

    RS232 Commands . 147 Data Output Control Commands Command: OUTPUT SELECT Syntax: $OS selection Description: Selects the data in the data processing chain to be output on subsequent scans or time drives. Returns current selection if no parameter is specified. Selection is an integer of one of the following values, power-on default is filtered data: Excitation main integration data...

  • Page 148: Motor Control

    148 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: ANALOGUE OUTPUT OFFSET Syntax: $01 OFFSET Description: Sets the analogue output offset. Added to output voltage after scaling. Offset is an integer in the range 0 to 10000 and has units of mV (0 - 10 V output) and 0.1 MV (0-1 V output).
  • Page 149 RS232 Commands . 149 Command: FILTER WHEEL Syntax: $FW position Description: Causes the emission filter to change to the specified position. Position is an integer and may adopt the values: 290 nm cutoff filter 350 nm cutoff filter 390 nm cutoff filter 430 nm cutoff filter 530 nm cutoff filter blank...
  • Page 150 150 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: EMISSION POLARIZER Syntax: $PM position Description: Sets the position of the emission polarizer wheel if fitted. Position is an integer and may have the following values: 0 clear, 1 vertical polarization filter, 2 horizontal polarization filter.

  • Page 151: Calibration Commands

    RS232 Commands . 151 Calibration Commands Command: CORRECTION TABLE GENERATION Syntax: Description: Starts automatic generation of excitation correction table. Command: CALIBRATE CONTINUE Syntax: Description: Request to continue calibration operation. Used in response to request for action during calibration. Command: EMISSION MONOCHROMATOR CALIBRATION Syntax: Description: Starts automatic emission monochromator calibration.

  • Page 152: Miscellaneous Commands

    152 . LS 55 User’s Guide Miscellaneous Commands Command: ABORT Syntax: Description: Aborts scan, time drive, GOTO, wait for external input, pump drive, FKA/FFA run or calibration operations. Returns error 0110 if the active command not abortable or error 0002 if no command is active.
  • Page 153 RS232 Commands . 153 Command: SET PMT VOLTAGE Syntax: $PV voltage Description: Sets specified PMT voltage to override default setting determined by excitation slit width. Valid voltage range 0-999 V. Parameter -1 sets default voltages defined according to the excitation slit position. Power-on default is -1. Returns actual value of voltage if no parameter given.
  • Page 154 154 . LS 55 User’s Guide <fl> is a single character integer code representing current filter type (see $FL command). <ex.wavelength> is fixed format (xxx.x) representing the excitation monochromator position in nm. <em.wavelength> is fixed format (xxx.x) representing the emission monochromator position in nm.

  • Page 155: Plug-In Accessory Control Commands

    RS232 Commands . 155 Command: WARM START Syntax: Description: Causes warm start and transfers valid calibration data to motor stepping software. Returns error 0106 or 0108 if there is a non-volatile memory error. Command: MAINS FREQUENCY Syntax: Description: Returns the frequency of the mains supply to the instrument. Command: SERIAL NUMBER Syntax:...
  • Page 156 156 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: INITIALIZE CELL HOLDER Syntax: Description: Drives cell holder to datum position. Used after any manual change to cell holder accessory. Command: MOVE CELL HOLDER Syntax: $CM position Description: Moves cell holder to the specified position. Position is an integer in the range 1 to 4.

  • Page 157: Well Plate Reader (Wpr) Commands

    RS232 Commands . 157 Command: SET STIRRER SPEED Syntax: $SF speed code Description: Set stirrer speed according to single digit speed code: 0 = off, 1 = low, 2 = high. Power-on default is 0. Well Plate Reader (WPR) Commands Command: FIND DATUM Syntax:...

  • Page 158: Fast Kinetics Application (Fka) Commands

    158 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: MOVE TO WELL NUMBER Syntax: $WP well no. Description: Moves plate reader to position corresponding to well no. Well no. is an integer in the range 1 to 96. Fast Kinetics Application (FKA) Commands...
  • Page 159 RS232 Commands . 159 Command: FKA WAVELENGTHS 2 Syntax: $W2 ex wavelength, em wavelength Description: Sets wavelength for second output data point of FKA run (and subsequent alternate data points). If no parameters are given, outputs current setting (power-on default 380 and 510 mn). If only one parameter given, assumes other wavelength to be current monochromator position.
  • Page 160 160 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: RESPOND Syntax: $RE mode Description: Sets free running output if mode = 0, or prompted output if mode = 1. Mode is integer. Power-on default is 1. $RE 1 clears any DC1 prompts stored in the instrument. Free running mode should be selected when a terminal is used to communicate with the instrument.

  • Page 161: Fast Filter Accessory (Ffa) Commands

    RS232 Commands . 161 Fast Filter Accessory (FFA) Commands Command: SET EXCITATION UNIT STATE Syntax: $FX state Description: Sets excitation unit state if fitted. Valid states are: 0 clear beam (power-on default), 1 position 1, 2 position 2, 3 position 3, 4 position 4, 8 running synchronous.
  • Page 162 162 . LS 55 User’s Guide Command: COLLECT FFA DATA Syntax: $XF cycles, prompt Description: Starts FFA data collection and output. Data points are output in format as for $FK command, but in cycles of four, with the first point always corresponding to the first filter position flashed after the datum position for the currently rotating unit.

  • Page 163: System Description And Maintenance

    System Description and Maintenance...

  • Page 164: The Optical System

    164 . LS 55 User’s Guide The Optical System The excitation source is a special xenon flash tube, which produces an intense, short duration pulse of radiation over the spectral range of the instrument. A small festoon lamp close to the excitation source maintains an even triggering of the xenon flash tube.
  • Page 165 System Description and Maintenance . 165 Figure 112 The optical layout...

  • Page 166: The Electronics System And Signal Handling

    The data signals undergo integration, conversion, averaging, digital filtering and ratioing before the PC receives the data. The path of the data signals through the LS 55 is shown in the electronics diagram and in the signal-handling diagram. The electronics diagram is shown in Figure 113.

  • Page 167: Instrument Modes

    System Description and Maintenance . 167 Instrument Modes Fluorescence When the instrument is operating in the fluorescence mode four integrations are performed for every data collection cycle. Two integrations are taken from the emission channel and two from the excitation channel. These integrations are performed at fixed times with respect to the last source flash.
  • Page 168 168 . LS 55 User’s Guide Chemi- and Bio-luminescence When the instrument is operating in the chemi- or bio-luminescence mode the source is switched off. Data signals are therefore only received from the sample photomultiplier. The integration time ranges are the same as for phosphorescence, but the signal is not ratioed.
  • Page 169 System Description and Maintenance . 169 Scan Speed Block Average Width Block Average Width nm/min (50 Hz) (60 Hz) 1500 Time Drive In the time drive mode the amount of block averaging is determined by the value of the response time specified. The amount of block averaging is adjusted (taking into consideration the operating frequency of the instrument) to produce a 2% to 98% response to step signals over the specified response time.

  • Page 170: Signal Handling Diagram

    170 . LS 55 User’s Guide Signal Handling Diagram Reference Gating Integrator Reference Controller Photodiode for 12-bit Autoranging Dark Current Excitation Block Multiplexer Comparator Successive Amplifier Subtraction Correction Averaging Approximation A-D Converter Sample Gating Ratioing Integrator Sample Photomultiplier 12-bit Smoothing...

  • Page 171: Fuses

    These are OPERATOR replaceable fuses. These are NOT IEC fuses, but are CSA approved fuses. CAUTION For instruments set to 100 to 120 Volts supply voltage: Fuse Location Current Voltage Type PerkinElmer rating rating part number Mains Mains input 250V CSA:Time lag 0C97 3134...

  • Page 172: Other Fuses

    172 . LS 55 User’s Guide Other Fuses These other fuses must not be replaced by an OPERATOR, they may only be replaced by a RESPONSIBLE BODY who is aware of the hazards involved. Fuse Location Current Voltage PerkinElmer rating...

  • Page 173: Removing The Main Cover

    The main cover is hinged along the rear edge of the instrument. 1. Switch off the instrument and disconnect the electrical mains supply. 2. Position the LS 55 on the front of the bench so that it overhangs the bench by approximately 8 cm.
  • Page 174 174 . LS 55 User’s Guide 5. Lift the main cover and rest it on the stay located on the right-hand side, as shown in Figure 116. Figure 116 Cover stay 6. Unclip the earth lead from the cover, as shown in Figure 117.

  • Page 175: Refitting The Main Cover

    System Description and Maintenance . 175 Refitting the main cover To replace the cover proceed as follows: 1. Place the cover on its hinges. 2. Close the cover slightly and attach the earth lead. 3. Close the cover and tighten the screws to secure the cover.

  • Page 176: Removing The Main Optical Cover

    176 . LS 55 User’s Guide Removing the Main Optical Cover Removing the Main Cover 1. Remove the main cover as described in page 173. 2. Undo the 3 screws which secure the middle optical cover, as shown in Figure 118 and Figure 119.
  • Page 177 System Description and Maintenance . 177 3. Remove the middle optical cover by lifting it vertically, as shown in Figure 120. Figure 120 Lifting the cover Be careful not to touch any of the optical surfaces (mirrors or windows). CAUTION...

  • Page 178: Refitting The Optical Cover

    178 . LS 55 User’s Guide Refitting the optical cover 1. Replace the middle optical cover, locating the central groove as shown Figure 121. Figure 121 Replacing the main optical cover 2. Secure the three screws. 3. Replace the main cover, including the earth lead.

  • Page 179: Customizing Filter Wheels

    The LS 55 is fitted as standard with an excitation filter wheel and an emission cut- off filter wheel. On installation of the polarizers, an additional emission filter wheel is fitted.
  • Page 180 2. Switch off the photomultiplier voltage switch. 3. Remove the central optical cover. 4. Using the LS 55 Status application, send the filter wheel to a desired position. 5. Observe the filter wheel inside the central optical area. NOTE: Many of the above steps are described graphically in the accessories section of this handbook.

  • Page 181: Changing The Lamp

    (a RESPONSIBLE BODY). WARNING Switch off the mains supply switch of the LS 55 and remove the mains supply cable - the xenon lamp uses high voltages, which could lead to a lethal electric shock if the above precaution is not taken.
  • Page 182 182 . LS 55 User’s Guide 4. Lift the metal cover vertically away from the LS 55, as shown in Figure 123, and store it securely. Figure 123 Lifting the cover 5. Locate the lamp and the two electrode connectors, as shown in Figure 124.
  • Page 183 System Description and Maintenance . 183 Figure 125 Disconnecting the cables 7. Loosen the grub screw at the bottom of the lamp holder bracket, as shown in Figure 126. Figure 126 Loosen the grub screw 8. When the screw is correctly loosened, the lamp can be easily pulled vertically out of its bracket.
  • Page 184 184 . LS 55 User’s Guide Excessive force will break the lamp, leaving sharp pieces in the lamp housing. CAUTION 9. Remove the new lamp from its packaging. Take care-the lamp is EXTREMELY sensitive. A slight knock against the table surface, for example, can immediately break the lamp.
  • Page 185 System Description and Maintenance . 185 Figure 128 Aligning the electrode 11. Insert the new lamp into the lamp holder bracket. There should be little resistance, but if this is not the case, loosen off the grub screw. Use of excessive force when inserting the new lamp will most probably break it.
  • Page 186 186 . LS 55 User’s Guide Red cable Black cable Figure 129 Connecting the cables 14. Locate the metal cover into the slot around the optical cover, and gently lower the metal cover taking care that no cables are trapped underneath, as shown in Figure 130.
  • Page 187 17. Plug in the mains supply cable and switch on the LS 55. The performance of the LS 55 with the new lamp fitted can be tested using the FL WinLab validation routine. A silica cuvette with deionized water is inserted into the cuvette holder, and then the routine is started by selecting Validate LS 55 on the Applications menu in FL WinLab.

  • Page 188: Preparing The Ls 55 For Transport

    188 . LS 55 User’s Guide Preparing the LS 55 for transport The LS 55 is extremely robust, and needs only to have its shipping clamps secured before transporting. Always insert the shipping clamps before moving the LS 55. Never forget to remove the shipping clamps before switching...
  • Page 189 Figure 132 Removing the shipping clamp plates 5. Remove the two shipping clamp screws from their storage positions on the left-hand side of the LS 55, as shown in Figure 133. Figure 133 Shipping clamp screws storage positions 6. Screw the shipping clamp screws into the screw threads revealed when the...
  • Page 190 190 . LS 55 User’s Guide Figure 134 Inserting the shipping clamp screws 7. Replace the shipping clamp plates, by turning them through 180° to align the hole with the shipping clamp screw, as shown in Figure 135. Figure 135 Replacing the shipping clamp plates...

  • Page 191: Lifting The Ls 55 Luminescence Spectrometer

    2 adults, and that it is lifted by the base of the instrument. Removing the clamps Once the LS 55 has been moved to its new position, remove the clamps as detailed Removal of the shipping clamps on page 26.

  • Page 192: Cleaning The Ls 55

    CAUTION You can clean the outside of the LS 55 using a damp cloth. Mild detergent may be used, if necessary. Always perform a patch test on an inconspicuous area of the instrument before you clean the entire instrument.

  • Page 193: Cleaning The Air Filter

    Figure 137. Figure 137 The air filter The air filter is cleaned as follows: Switch off the mains supply switch of the LS 55 and remove the mains supply cable before starting this procedure. WARNING 1. Switch off the LS 55 and remove the mains supply plug.

  • Page 194: Changing The Instrument Operating Voltage

    (a RESPONSIBLE BODY). WARNING Switch off the mains supply switch of the LS 55 and remove the mains supply cable before starting this procedure. WARNING The operating voltage of the instrument can be changed by altering the connections on the mains transformer, located inside the instrument.
  • Page 195 System Description and Maintenance . 195 Figure 138 Connections to the transformer The wire connections to the terminals are as follows: Wire Colour Terminal Line Brown 100V, 120V, 220V or 240V Blue 120V or 100V Neon Lamp Orange 220V or 240V Neon Lamp Black Change the connections on the transformer as follows:...

  • Page 196: Changing The Mains Fuse

    196 . LS 55 User’s Guide NOTE: The fan can be operated from either the 100V or 120V terminal. If an operating voltage of 100V is selected the red fan wire should be connected to the 120V terminal and vice versa.

  • Page 197: The Mains Voltage Plate

    3. Place the correct plate behind the mains socket with the appropriate side facing outwards. 4. Push the mains socket back into place and replace the two screws. The LS 55 can now be connected to the alternate mains voltage.
  • Page 198 198 . LS 55 User’s Guide...

  • Page 199: Index

    Index...

  • Page 200: Index

    200 . LS 55 User’s Guide Index stirred four position cellchanger 40 stirred semi-micro cuvette ..53 stirred single position ....39 About This Manual......14 stirrer bars....... 50 accessories thermostatting tubing....45 cellchanger.......40 changing the lamp ..... 181 cellholders....38, 39, 41 changing the mains fuse ....
  • Page 201 ....129 changing the operating voltage194 filter motor ......128 cleaning the air filter....193 photomultiplier control ....128 cleaning the LS 55....192 plate reader driver ....127 customizing the filter wheels ... 179 sample aquisition ....129 main cover......173 slit motor .......128...
  • Page 202 202 . LS 55 User’s Guide start up ........34 starting ........34 safety information ......8 stirred four position cellchanger..40 scan busy connection ....32 stirred semi-micro cuvette .... 53 screw-fitting flowcell.....43 stirred single position cellholder ..39 semi-micro cuvette .......52 stirrer bars ........

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