WÄRTSILÄ 46F Series Product Manual
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WÄRTSILÄ 46F Series Product Manual

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  • Page 1 Wärtsilä 46F PRODUCT GUIDE...
  • Page 2 © Copyright by WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND Oy All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, graphic, photocopying, recording, taping or other information retrieval systems) without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
  • Page 3 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Introduction Introduction This Product Guide provides data and system proposals for the early design phase of marine engine installations. For contracted projects specific instructions for planning the installation are always delivered. Any data and information herein is subject to revision without notice. This 3/2017 issue replaces all previous issues of the Wärtsilä...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Table of contents Main Data and Outputs ........................Maximum continuous output ....................... Reference conditions ........................Operation in inclined position ..................... Dimensions and weights ......................Operating Ranges ..........................Engine operating range ....................... Loading capacity ......................... Operation at low load and idling ....................
  • Page 5 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Table of contents Compressed Air System ........................Instrument air quality ........................Internal compressed air system ....................External compressed air system ....................Cooling Water System ......................... Water quality ..........................Internal cooling water system ...................... External cooling water system ....................10.
  • Page 6 Table of contents Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18.3 Transportation and storage of spare parts and tools ..............18-7 18.4 Required deck area for service work ................... 18-7 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights ....................19-1 19.1 Lifting the in-line engine ......................19-1 19.2 Lifting the V-engine ........................

  • Page 7: Main Data And Outputs

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 1. Main Data and Outputs Main Data and Outputs The Wärtsilä 46F is a 4-stroke, non-reversible, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine with direct fuel injection (twin pump). Cylinder bore 460 mm Stroke 580 mm Piston displacement 96.4 l/cyl Number of valves 2 inlet valves and 2 exhaust valves...

  • Page 8: Reference Conditions

    1. Main Data and Outputs Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Reference conditions The output is available up to an air temperature of max. 45°C. For higher temperatures, the output has to be reduced according to the formula stated in ISO 3046-1:2002 (E). The specific fuel oil consumption is stated in the chapter Technical data.

  • Page 9: Dimensions And Weights

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 1. Main Data and Outputs Dimensions and weights Fig 1-1 In-line engines (DAAE012051c) Engine LE1* LE3* LE5* 6L46F 8470 8620 6170 1320 1550 3500 1430 7L46F 9435 9440 6990 1465 1550 3800 1430 8L46F 10255 10260 7810 1465 1550...
  • Page 10 1. Main Data and Outputs Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 1-2 V-engines (DAAE075826B) Engine LE1* LE3* LE5* 10945 10284 7600 1830 1952 3765* / 1620 12V46F 3770 14V46F 11728 8650 2347 4234 1620 16V46F 12871 9700 2347 4234 1620 Engine Weight [ton] 2975* / 4040* /...

  • Page 11: Operating Ranges

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 2. Operating Ranges Operating Ranges Engine operating range Running below nominal speed the load must be limited according to the diagrams in this chapter in order to maintain engine operating parameters within acceptable limits. Operation in the shaded area is permitted only temporarily during transients. Minimum speed is indicated in the diagram, but project specific limitations may apply.

  • Page 12: Loading Capacity

    2. Operating Ranges Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Loading capacity Controlled load increase is essential for highly supercharged diesel engines, because the turbocharger needs time to accelerate before it can deliver the required amount of air. Sufficient time to achieve even temperature distribution in engine components must also be ensured. This is especially important for larger engines.

  • Page 13: Operation At Low Load And Idling

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 2. Operating Ranges 2.2.2 Diesel electric propulsion Fig 2-3 Maximum load increase rates for engines operating at nominal speed In normal operation the load should not be reduced from 100% to 0% in less than 15 seconds. In an emergency situation the full load can be thrown off instantly.

  • Page 14: Low Air Temperature

    2. Operating Ranges Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide ● Maximum 6 hours if the engine is to be loaded after the idling. Operation below 20 % load ● Maximum 100 hours continuous operation. At intervals of 100 operating hours the engine must be loaded to minimum 70 % of the rated output.

  • Page 15: Technical Data

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Technical Data Introduction This chapter contains technical data of the engine (heat balance, flows, pressures etc.) for design of auxiliary systems. Further design criteria for external equipment and system layouts are presented in the respective chapter. 3.1.1 Engine driven pumps The fuel consumption stated in the technical data tables is with engine driven pumps.

  • Page 16: Wärtsilä 6L46F

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 6L46F Wärtsilä 6L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 7200 7200 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 12.4 12.4 Temperature at turbocharger intake, max. (TE 600) °C Temperature after air cooler, nom.
  • Page 17 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 6L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx. °C Pump capacity (main), engine driven Pump capacity (main), electrically driven...
  • Page 18 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 6L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 19: Wärtsilä 7L46F

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 7L46F Wärtsilä 7L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 8400 8400 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 14.6 14.6 Temperature at turbocharger intake, max. (TE 600) °C Temperature after air cooler, nom.
  • Page 20 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 7L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx. °C Pump capacity (main), engine driven Pump capacity (main), electrically driven...
  • Page 21 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 7L46F Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 22: Wärtsilä 8L46F

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 8L46F Wärtsilä 8L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 9600 9600 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 16.6 16.6...
  • Page 23 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 8L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx.
  • Page 24 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 8L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 25: Wärtsilä 9L46F

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 9L46F Wärtsilä 9L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 10800 10800 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 18.8 18.8...
  • Page 26 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 9L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx.
  • Page 27 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 9L46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) 10.0 10.0 Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 28: Wärtsilä 12V46F

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 12V46F Wärtsilä 12V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 14400 14400 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 25.0 25.0...
  • Page 29 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 12V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx.
  • Page 30 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 12V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) 15.0 15.0 Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 31: Wärtsilä 14V46F

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 14V46F Wärtsilä 14V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 16800 16800 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 29.2 29.2...
  • Page 32 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 14V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx.
  • Page 33 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 14V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) 17.0 17.0 Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 34: Wärtsilä 16V46F

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 16V46F Wärtsilä 16V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Engine output 19200 19200 Mean effective pressure 2.49 2.49 Combustion air system (Note 1) Flow at 100% load kg/s 33.3 33.3...
  • Page 35 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 16V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Pressure after pump, max. Suction ability main pump, including pipe loss, max. Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201) Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201) °C Temperature after engine, approx.
  • Page 36 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Wärtsilä 16V46F IMO Tier 2 IMO Tier 2 Cylinder output 1200 1200 Engine speed Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn) 19.0 19.0 Notes: Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5%. Note At ISO 15550 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C).

  • Page 37: Description Of The Engine

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine Description of the Engine Definitions Fig 4-1 In-line engine and V-engine definitions (1V93C0029 / 1V93C0028) Main components and systems Main dimensions and weights are presented in the chapter Main Data and Outputs. 4.2.1 Engine block The engine block is made of nodular cast iron and it is cast in one piece.
  • Page 38 4. Description of the Engine Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide All crankshafts can be equipped with a torsional vibration damper at the free end of the engine, if required by the application. Full output is available also from the free end of the engine through a power-take-off (PTO).
  • Page 39 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine 4.2.9 Camshaft and valve mechanism The camshaft is built of forged pieces with integrated cams, one section per cylinder. The camshaft sections are connected through separate bearing journals, which makes it possible to remove single camshaft sections sideways.
  • Page 40 4. Description of the Engine Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide exhaust side. The wastegate arrangement permits a part of the exhaust gas to bypass the turbine in the turbocharger at high engine load. Variable speed engines are additionally equipped with a by-pass valve to increase the flow through the turbocharger at low engine speed and low engine load.

  • Page 41: Cross Section Of The Engine

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine Cross section of the engine Fig 4-2 Cross section of the in-line engine Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...
  • Page 42 4. Description of the Engine Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 4-3 Cross section of the V-engine Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...

  • Page 43: Overhaul Intervals And Expected Life Times

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine Overhaul intervals and expected life times The following overhaul intervals and lifetimes are for guidance only. Achievable lifetimes depend on operating conditions, average loading of the engine, fuel quality used, fuel handling system, performance of maintenance etc.
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  • Page 45: Piping Design, Treatment And Installation

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Piping Design, Treatment and Installation This chapter provides general guidelines for the design, construction and installation of piping systems, however, not excluding other solutions of at least equal standard. Fuel, lubricating oil, fresh water and compressed air piping is usually made in seamless carbon steel (DIN 2448) and seamless precision tubes in carbon or stainless steel (DIN 2391), exhaust gas piping in welded pipes of corten or carbon steel (DIN 2458).

  • Page 46: Trace Heating

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Piping Pipe material Max velocity [m/s] Sea water piping Galvanized steel Aluminium brass 10/90 copper-nickel-iron 70/30 copper-nickel Rubber lined pipes NOTE The diameter of gas fuel piping depends only on the allowed pressure loss in the piping, which has to be calculated project specifically.

  • Page 47: Pipe Class

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Within this Product Guide there are tables attached to drawings, which specify pressure classes of connections. The pressure class of a connection can be higher than the pressure class required for the pipe. Example 1: The fuel pressure before the engine should be 1.0 MPa (10 bar).

  • Page 48: Insulation

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Insulation The following pipes shall be insulated: ● All trace heated pipes ● Exhaust gas pipes ● Exposed parts of pipes with temperature > 60°C Insulation is also recommended for: ●...

  • Page 49: Flexible Pipe Connections

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation 5.7.2 Flushing More detailed recommendations on flushing procedures are when necessary described under the relevant chapters concerning the fuel oil system and the lubricating oil system. Provisions are to be made to ensure that necessary temporary bypasses can be arranged and that flushing hoses, filters and pumps will be available when required.

  • Page 50: Clamping Of Pipes

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 5-1 Flexible hoses (4V60B0100a) Clamping of pipes It is very important to fix the pipes to rigid structures next to flexible pipe connections in order to prevent damage caused by vibration. The following guidelines should be applied: ●...
  • Page 51 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Fig 5-2 Flange supports of flexible pipe connections (4V60L0796) Fig 5-3 Pipe clamp for fixed support (4V61H0842) Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...
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  • Page 53: Fuel Oil System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fuel Oil System Acceptable fuel characteristics The fuel specifications are based on the ISO 8217:2017 (E) standard. Observe that a few additional properties not included in the standard are listed in the tables. For maximum fuel temperature before the engine, see chapter "Technical Data".
  • Page 54 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Property Unit ISO-F-DMA ISO-F-DMZ ISO-F-DMB Test method ref. Pour point (upper) , summer quality, max. °C ISO 3016 3) 4) 7) Appearance — Clear and bright Water, max. % volume — — ISO 3733 Ash, max.
  • Page 55 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.1.2 Table Heavy fuel oils Table 6-2 Residual fuel specifications Limit Limit Characteristics Unit Test method reference HFO 1 HFO 2 Kinematic viscosity bef. inj. pumps 20 ± 4 20 ± 4 Kinematic viscosity at 50 °C, max.
  • Page 56 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide NOTE a) Max. 1010 kg/m³ at 15 °C, provided the fuel treatment system can reduce water and solids (sediment, sodium, aluminium, silicon) before engine to the specified levels. b) 1 mm²/s = 1 cSt. c) The purchaser shall define the maximum sulphur content in accordance with relevant statutory limitations.

  • Page 57: Internal Fuel Oil System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Internal fuel oil system Fig 6-1 Internal fuel system, in-line engine (DAAE017289D) System components Injection pump Fuel rack actuator Injection valve Timing rack actuator Pressure control valve Camshaft Pulse damper Flywheel Sensors and indicators PT101 Fuel oil pressure, engine inlet ST173...
  • Page 58 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 6-2 Internal fuel system, V-engine (DAAE075984C) System components Injection pump Fuel rack actuator Flywheel Injection valve Fuel oil leakage collector Pulse damper Pressure control valve Camshaft Timing rack actuator Sensors and indicators PT101 Fuel oil pressure, engine inlet ST173...

  • Page 59: External Fuel Oil System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System The engine is designed for continuous operation on heavy fuel oil (HFO). On request the engine can be built for operation exclusively on marine diesel fuel (MDF). It is however possible to operate HFO engines on MDF intermittently without any alternations.
  • Page 60 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide ● Fuel feeder/booster units To enable pumping the temperature of bunker tanks must always be maintained 5...10°C above the pour point, typically at 40...50°C. The heating coils can be designed for a temperature of 60°C.
  • Page 61 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.2 Fuel tanks The fuel oil is first transferred from the bunker tanks to settling tanks for initial separation of sludge and water. After centrifuging the fuel oil is transferred to day tanks, from which fuel is supplied to the engines.
  • Page 62 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6.3.3 Fuel treatment 6.3.3.1 Separation Heavy fuel (residual, and mixtures of residuals and distillates) must be cleaned in an efficient centrifugal separator before it is transferred to the day tank. Classification rules require the separator arrangement to be redundant so that required capacity is maintained with any one unit out of operation.
  • Page 63 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System ● Feed pump (1P02) ● Pre-heater (1E01) ● Sludge tank (1T05) ● Separator (1S01/1S02) ● Sludge pump ● Control cabinets including motor starters and monitoring Fig 6-4 Fuel transfer and separating system (V76F6626F) 6.3.3.3 Separator feed pumps (1P02) Feed pumps should be dimensioned for the actual fuel quality and recommended throughput...
  • Page 64 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6.3.3.4 Separator pre-heater (1E01) The pre-heater is dimensioned according to the feed pump capacity and a given settling tank temperature. The surface temperature in the heater must not be too high in order to avoid cracking of the fuel.
  • Page 65 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.3.7 Sludge tank (1T05) The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously falling.
  • Page 66 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide System components Pipe connections 1T04 Leak fuel tank, clean fuel 1T06 Day tank (MDF) 1T07 Leak fuel tank, dirty fuel 1T13 Return fuel tank 1V01 Change-over valve 1V10 Quick closing valve If the engines are to be operated on MDF only, heating of the fuel is normally not necessary. In such case it is sufficient to install the equipment listed below.
  • Page 67 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Design pressure 1.6 MPa (16 bar) Fineness: - automatic filter 35 μm (absolute mesh size) - insert filter 35 μm (absolute mesh size) Maximum permitted pressure drops at 14 cSt: - clean filter 20 kPa (0.2 bar) - alarm 80 kPa (0.8 bar)
  • Page 68 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6.3.4.6 MDF cooler (1E04) The fuel viscosity may not drop below the minimum value stated in Technical data. When operating on MDF, the practical consequence is that the fuel oil inlet temperature must be kept below 45°C.
  • Page 69 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.5 Fuel feed system - HFO installations Fig 6-6 Example of fuel oil system, HFO, single engine installation (DAAE022041C) * To be remotely operated if located < 5 m from engine. ** Required for frequent or sustained operation on MDF System components Pipe connections 1E02...
  • Page 70 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 6-7 Example of fuel oil system, HFO, multiple engine installation (DAAE057999D) * To be remotely operated if located < 5 m from engine. ** Required for frequent or sustained operation on MDF System components Pipe connections 1E02...
  • Page 71 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fig 6-8 Example of fuel oil system, HFO, multiple engine installation (DAAE022040D) * To be remotely operated if located < 5 m from engine. ** Required for frequent or sustained operation on MDF System components Pipe connections 1E02...
  • Page 72 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide HFO pipes shall be properly insulated. If the viscosity of the fuel is 180 cSt/50°C or higher, the pipes must be equipped with trace heating. It sha ll be possible to shut off the heating of the pipes when operating on MDF (trace heating to be grouped logically).
  • Page 73 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System ● One control valve for steam or thermal oil heaters, a control cabinet for electric heaters ● One temperature sensor for emergency control of the heaters ● One control cabinet including starters for pumps ●...
  • Page 74 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Total consumption of the connected engines added with Capacity the flush quantity of the automatic filter (1F08) and 15% margin. Design pressure 1.6 MPa (16 bar) Max. total pressure (safety valve) 0.7 MPa (7 bar) Design temperature 100°C Viscosity for dimensioning of electric motor...
  • Page 75 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System a multiple engine installation, two flow meters per engine are to be installed: one in the feed line and one in the return line of each engine. There should be a by-pass line around the consumption meter, which opens automatically in case of excessive pressure drop.
  • Page 76 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide ΔT = temperature rise in heater [°C] Viscosimeter, booster unit (1I02) The heater is to be controlled by a viscosimeter. The viscosimeter should be of a design that can withstand the pressure peaks caused by the injection pumps of the diesel engine. Design data: Operating range 0...50 cSt...
  • Page 77 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fuel viscosity according to fuel specification Design temperature 150°C Design flow Equal to circulation pump capacity Design pressure 1.6 MPa (16 bar) Filter fineness 37 μm (absolute mesh size) Maximum permitted pressure drops at 14 cSt: - clean filter 20 kPa (0.2 bar) - alarm...
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  • Page 79: Lubricating Oil System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Lubricating Oil System Lubricating oil requirements 7.1.1 Engine lubricating oil The lubricating oil must be of viscosity class SAE 40 and have a viscosity index (VI) of minimum 95. The lubricating oil alkalinity (BN) is tied to the fuel grade, as shown in the table below. BN is an abbreviation of Base Number.

  • Page 80: Internal Lubricating Oil System

    7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Internal lubricating oil system Fig 7-1 Internal lubricating oil system, in-line engine (DAAE017290D) System components Centrifugal filter (for indicating) Temperature control valve Turbocharger Lubricating oil filter (automatic) Crankcase breather Pressure control valve Main lubricating oil pump Running-in filter (to be removed after commissioning) Lubricating oil cooler...
  • Page 81 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Fig 7-2 Internal lubricating oil system, V-engine (DAAE075986D) System components Centrifugal filter (for indicating) Temperature control valve Turbocharger Lubricating oil filter (automatic) Crankcase breather Pressure control valve Main lubricating oil pump Running-in filter (to be removed after commissioning) Lubricating oil cooler Sensors and indicators PT201...
  • Page 82 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide The oil sump is of dry sump type. There are two oil outlets at each end of the engine. One outlet at each end must be connected to the system oil tank on 6L and 12V engines. On other engines one outlet at the free end and both outlets at the driving end should be connected to the system oil tank.

  • Page 83: External Lubricating Oil System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System External lubricating oil system Fig 7-3 External lubricating oil system, engine driven pumps (DAAE022043E) System components 2E02 Heater 2F13 Automatic filter 2S01 Separator 2F01 Suction strainer 2N01 Separator unit 2S02 Condensate trap 2F03 Suction filter 2P02...
  • Page 84 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 7-4 External lubricating oil system, electrically driven pumps (DAAF008541A) System components: 2E01 Lubricating oil cooler 2F06 Suction strainer 2S02 Condensate trap 2E02 Heater (separator unit) 2N01 Separator unit 2S03 Sight glass 2F01 Suction strainer (main lube pump) 2P01...
  • Page 85 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Typically lubricating oil separator units are equipped with: ● Feed pump with suction strainer and safety valve ● Preheater ● Separator ● Control cabinet The lubricating oil separator unit may also be equipped with an intermediate sludge tank and a sludge pump, which offers flexibility in placement of the separator since it is not necessary to have a sludge tank directly beneath the separator.
  • Page 86 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Sludge tank (2T06) The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously falling.
  • Page 87 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Fig 7-5 Example of system oil tank arrangement (DAAE007020e) Design data: Oil tank volume see Technical data Oil level at service 75...80% of tank volume Oil level alarm 60% of tank volume 7.3.3 Gravity tank (2T02) In installations without engine driven pump it is required to have a lubricating oil gravity tank,...
  • Page 88 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14V46F, 16V46F 7.3.4 Suction strainers (2F01, 2F04, 2F06) It is recommended to install a suction strainer before each pump to protect the pump from damage. The suction strainer and the suction pipe must be amply dimensioned to minimize pressure losses.
  • Page 89 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Depending on the foreseen oil temperature after a long stop, the suction ability of the pump and the geometric suction height must be specially considered with regards to high viscosity. With cold oil the pressure at the pump will reach the relief pressure of the safety valve. Design data: Capacity see Technical data...
  • Page 90 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Example of required power, oil temperature 40°C. 6L46F 7L46F 8L46F 9L46F 12V46F 14V46F 16V46F Pump [kW] 11.5 11.5 Electric motor [kW] Example of required power, oil temperature 20°C. 6L46F 7L46F 8L46F 9L46F 12V46F 14V46F 16V46F...
  • Page 91 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Fig 7-6 Main dimensions of the lubricating oil cooler Dimensions [mm] Weight, dry Engine [kg] W 6L46F 1675 1217 1057 W 7L46F 1675 1467 1057 W 8L46F 1675 1467 1057 W 9L46F 1010 1675 1717...

  • Page 92: Crankcase Ventilation System

    7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7.3.10 Automatic filter (2F02) It is recommended to select an automatic filter with an insert filter in the bypass line, thus enabling easy changeover to the insert filter during maintenance of the automatic filter. The backflushing oil must be filtered before it is conducted back to the system oil tank.

  • Page 93: Flushing Instructions

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System The diameter of the pipe shall be large enough to avoid excessive back pressure. Other possible equipment in the piping must also be designed and dimensioned to avoid excessive flow resistance. A condensate trap must be fitted on the vent pipe near the engine. The connection between engine and pipe is to be flexible.
  • Page 94 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide If an electric motor driven stand-by pump is installed this pump shall primarily be used for the flushing but also the pre-lubricating pump (2P02) shall be operated for some hours to flush the pipe branch.

  • Page 95: Compressed Air System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System Compressed Air System Compressed air is used to start engines and to provide actuating energy for safety and control devices. The use of starting air for other purposes is limited by the classification regulations. To ensure the functionality of the components in the compressed air system, the compressed air has to be free from solid particles and oil.
  • Page 96 8. Compressed Air System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 8-1 Internal compressed air system, in-line engine (DAAE017291F) System components Main starting valve Drain valve Flame arrestor Air container Starting air valve in cylinder head Starting booster for governor Starting air distributor Stop valves Bursting disc (break pressure 4.0 MPa) Stop cylinders at each injection pump...
  • Page 97 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System Fig 8-2 Internal compressed air system, V-engine (DAAE075987D) System components Main starting valve Control valve for auto draining Stop valves Flame arrestor Control valves for start and slow Stop cylinders at each inj. pump turn Starting air valve in cylinder head Blocking valve of turning gear...

  • Page 98: External Compressed Air System

    8. Compressed Air System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide External compressed air system The design of the starting air system is partly determined by classification regulations. Most classification societies require that the total capacity is divided into two equally sized starting air receivers and starting air compressors.
  • Page 99 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System Table 8-1 Recommended main starting air pipe size Engine Size 6L, 7L DN65 8L, 9L, 12V DN80 14V, 16V DN100 8.3.1 Starting air compressor unit (3N02) At least two starting air compressors must be installed. It is recommended that the compressors are capable of filling the starting air vessel from minimum (1.8 MPa) to maximum pressure in 15...30 minutes.
  • Page 100 8. Compressed Air System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Size Dimensions [mm] Weight [Litres] [kg] 3204 1000 3560 1250 2930 1500 3460 1150 1750 4000 1310 2000 4610 1490 Dimensions are approximate. Fig 8-4 Starting air vessel The starting air consumption stated in technical data is for a successful start. During start the main starting valve is kept open until the engine starts, or until the max.
  • Page 101 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System 8.3.4 Air filter, starting air inlet (3F02) Condense formation after the water separator (between starting air compressor and starting air vessels) create and loosen abrasive rust from the piping, fittings and receivers. Therefore it is recommended to install a filter before the starting air inlet on the engine to prevent particles to enter the starting air equipment.
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  • Page 103: Cooling Water System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Cooling Water System Water quality The fresh water in the cooling water system of the engine must fulfil the following requirements: p H ....... min. 6.5...8.5 Hardness ..... max. 10 °dH Chlorides ..... max.

  • Page 104: Internal Cooling Water System

    9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Internal cooling water system Fig 9-1 Internal cooling water system, in-line engine (DAAE017292E) System components, in-line engines HT-water pump (engine driven) Lubricating oil cooler Charge air cooler (HT) HT-temperature control valve Charge air cooler (LT) CAC temperature control valve LT-water pump (engine driven) Sensors and indicators, in-line engines...
  • Page 105 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Pipe connections, in-line engines Size Pressure class Standard HT-water air vent OD15 DIN 2353 LT-water inlet DN150 PN16 ISO 7005-1 LT-water outlet DN150 PN16 ISO 7005-1 LT-water air vent from air cooler OD15 DIN 2353 LT-water from stand-by pump...
  • Page 106 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-2 Internal cooling water system, V-engine (DAAE075988D) System components, V-engines HT-water pump (engine driven) Adjustable orifice Charge air cooler (HT) Lubricating oil cooler LT-water pump (engine driven) Temperature control valve Charge air cooler (LT) Sensors and indicators, V-engines PT401 HT-water pressure, jacket inlet...
  • Page 107 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Pipe connections, V-engines Size Pressure class Standard LT-water inlet DN200 PN16 ISO 7005-1 LT-water outlet DN200 PN16 ISO 7005-1 454A,B LT-water air vent from air cooler OD15 DIN 2353 LT-water from stand-by pump DN200 PN16 ISO 7005-1...
  • Page 108 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide The fresh water cooling system is divided into a high temperature (HT) and a low temperature (LT) circuit. The HT water circulates through cylinder jackets, cylinder heads and the 1st stage of the charge air cooler. The HT water passes through the cylinder jackets before it enters the HT-stage of the charge air cooler.

  • Page 109: External Cooling Water System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System External cooling water system Fig 9-5 External cooling water system 1 x Wärtsilä L46F (DAAE022048B) System components 4E05 Heater (pre-heating unit) 4P09 Transfer pump 4E08 Central cooler 4P06 Circulation pump 4E12 Cooler (installation equipment) 4S01 Air venting 4E15...
  • Page 110 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-6 External cooling water system 2 x Wärtsilä L46F (DAAE022046b) System components 4E05 Heater (preheater) 4P09 Transfer pump 4E08 Central cooler 4S01 Air venting 4E12 Cooler (installation equipment) 4T03 Additive dosing tank 4N01 Pre-heating unit 4T04...
  • Page 111 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-7 External cooling water system 2 x Wärtsilä L46F (DAAE022047b) System components 4E05 Heater (preheater) 4P09 Transfer pump 4E08 Central cooler 4S01 Air venting 4E10 Cooler (reduction gear) 4T03 Additive dosing tank 4E12 Cooler (installation equipment) 4T04...
  • Page 112 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-8 External cooling water system, 2 x Wärtsilä V46F without built-on LT pump (DAAE078195b) System components 4E08 Central cooler 4S01 Air venting 4E10 Cooler (reduction gear) 4T03 Additive dosing tank 4E12 Cooler (installation equipment) 4T04 Drain tank...
  • Page 113 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-9 External cooling water system, 2 x Wärtsilä V46F with built-on LT pump (DAAE080058a) System components 4E08 Central cooler 4S01 Air venting 4E10 Cooler (reduction gear) 4T03 Additive dosing tank 4E12 Cooler (installation equipment) 4T04 Drain tank...
  • Page 114 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-10 Sea water system DAAE020523 System components 4E08 Central cooler 4F01 Suction strainer (sea water) 4P11 Circulation pump (sea water) Ships (with ice class) designed for cold sea-water should have provisions for recirculation back to the sea chest from the central cooler: ●...
  • Page 115 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System 9.3.2 Sea water pump (4P11) The sea water pumps are always separate from the engine and electrically driven. The capacity of the pumps is determined by the type of coolers and the amount of heat to be dissipated.
  • Page 116 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fresh water temperature after cooler max. 38°C Margin (heat rate, fouling) Fig 9-11 Central cooler main dimensions. Example for guidance only Engine type A [mm] C [mm] D [mm] Weight [kg] 6L46F 1005 2149 7L46F...
  • Page 117 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Venting pipes to the expansion tank are to be installed at all high points in the piping system, where air or gas can accumulate. The vent pipes must be continuously rising. Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017 9-15...
  • Page 118 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-12 Example of air venting device (3V76C4757) 9.3.9 Expansion tank (4T05) The expansion tank compensates for thermal expansion of the coolant, serves for venting of the circuits and provides a sufficient static pressure for the circulating pumps. Design data: Pressure from the expansion tank at pump inlet 70 - 150 kPa (0.7...1.5 bar)
  • Page 119 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Table 9-1 Minimum diameter of balance pipe Nominal pipe size Max. flow velocity Max. number of vent (m/s) pipes with ø 5 mm ori- fice DN 40 DN 50 DN 65 DN 80 9.3.10 Drain tank (4T04) It is recommended to collect the cooling water with additives in a drain tank, when the system...
  • Page 120 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Required heating power 12 kW/cyl Heating power to keep hot engine warm 6 kW/cyl Required heating power to heat up the engine, see formula below: where: Preheater output [kW] Preheating temperature = 60...70 °C Ambient temperature [°C] Engine weight [ton] HT water volume [m...
  • Page 121 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-13 Example of preheating unit, electric (4V47K0045) Table 9-2 Example of preheating unit Capacity [kW] Water content [kg] Weight [kg] 1455 1455 1445 1000 1645 1000 1100 1640 1100 1100 1640 1100 1100 1710...
  • Page 122 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 9-14 Example of preheating unit, steam Type L1 [mm] L2 [mm] Dry weight [kg] KVDS-72 1160 KVDS-96 1160 KVDS-108 1160 KVDS-135 1210 KVDS-150 1210 KVDS-170 1190 1210 KVDS-200 1190 1260 KVDS-240 1190 1260 KVDS-270...
  • Page 123 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System 9.3.14 Thermometers and pressure gauges Local thermometers should be installed wherever there is a temperature change, i.e. before and after heat exchangers etc. in external system. Local pressure gauges should be installed on the suction and discharge side of each pump. Wärtsilä...
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  • Page 125: Combustion Air System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 10. Combustion Air System Combustion Air System 10.1 Engine room ventilation To maintain acceptable operating conditions for the engines and to ensure trouble free operation of all equipment, attention shall be paid to the engine room ventilation and the supply of combustion air.
  • Page 126 10. Combustion Air System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide It is good practice to provide areas with significant heat sources, such as separator rooms with their own air supply and extractors. Under-cooling of the engine room should be avoided during all conditions (service conditions, slow steaming and in port).

  • Page 127: Combustion Air System Design

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 10. Combustion Air System Fig 10-2 Engine room ventilation, air duct connected to the turbocharger (DAAE092652A) 10.2 Combustion air system design Usually, the combustion air is taken from the engine room through a filter on the turbocharger. This reduces the risk for too low temperatures and contamination of the combustion air.
  • Page 128 10. Combustion Air System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide a flap for controlling the direction and amount of air. Also other combustion air consumers, for example other engines, gas turbines and boilers shall be served by dedicated combustion air ducts. If necessary, the combustion air duct can be connected directly to the turbocharger with a flexible connection piece.

  • Page 129: Exhaust Gas System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System Exhaust Gas System 11.1 Internal exhaust gas system Fig 11-1 Charge air and exhaust gas system, in-line engines (DAAE017293D) System components Air filter Exhaust wastegate valve Turbocharger Air by-pass valve Charge air cooler Water separator Cylinders Restrictor...
  • Page 130 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 11-2 Charge air and exhaust gas system, V-engines (DAAE077307C) System components Air filter Restrictor Turbocharger Cylinder Charge air cooler Exhaust gas wastegate valve Water separator Charge air by-pass valve Sensors and indicators TE511 Exhaust gas temperature, TC A inlet TE50x1B...

  • Page 131: Exhaust Gas Outlet

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System 11.2 Exhaust gas outlet Fig 11-3 Exhaust pipe connection (DAAE015532a) Engine type TC type TC location Flywheel end Driving end 6L46F TPL 71C 0°, 45°, 90° 0°, 45°, 90° 7L46F TPL 76C 0°, 45°, 90°...
  • Page 132 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 11-4 Exhaust pipe, diameters and support (DAAE048775B, DAAE075828A) Engine type TC type ØA [mm] ØB [mm] 6L46F TPL 71C DN600 DN900 7L46F TPL 76C DN800 DN1000 8L46F TPL 76C DN800 DN1000 9L46F TPL 76C DN800...

  • Page 133: External Exhaust Gas System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System 11.3 External exhaust gas system Each engine should have its own exhaust pipe into open air. Backpressure, thermal expansion and supporting are some of the decisive design factors. Flexible bellows must be installed directly on the turbocharger outlet, to compensate for thermal expansion and prevent damages to the turbocharger due to vibrations.
  • Page 134 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide The exhaust pipe must be insulated with insulation material approved for concerned operation conditions, minimum thickness 30 mm considering the shape of engine mounted insulation. Insulation has to be continuous and protected by a covering plate or similar to keep the insulation intact.
  • Page 135 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System must be made to ensure that water cannot spill down into the SCR, when the exhaust boiler is cleaned with water. More information about the SCR-unit can be found in the Wärtsilä Environmental Product Guide.
  • Page 136 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11.3.7 Exhaust gas silencers The exhaust gas silencing can be accomplished either by the patented Compact Silencer System (CSS) technology or by the conventional exhaust gas silencer. 11.3.7.1 Exhaust noise The unattenuated exhaust noise is typically measured in the exhaust duct. The in-duct measurement is transformed into free field sound power through a number of correction factors.
  • Page 137 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System 11.3.7.2 Silencer system comparison With a conventional silencer system, the design of the noise reduction system usually starts from the engine. With the CSS, the design is reversed, meaning that the noise level acceptability at a certain distance from the ship's exhaust gas pipe outlet, is used to dimension the noise reduction system.
  • Page 138 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 11.3.7.4 Conventional exhaust gas silencer (5R02) Yard/designer should take into account that unfavourable layout of the exhaust system (length of straight parts in the exhaust system) might cause amplification of the exhaust noise between engine outlet and the silencer.

  • Page 139: Turbocharger Cleaning

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 12. Turbocharger Cleaning Turbocharger Cleaning Regular water cleaning of the turbine and the compressor reduces the formation of deposits and extends the time between overhauls. Fresh water is injected into the turbocharger during operation. Additives, solvents or salt water must not be used and the cleaning instructions in the operation manual must be carefully followed.

  • Page 140: Wärtsilä Control Unit For Four Engines, Unic

    12. Turbocharger Cleaning Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide System components: Control unit C1 for 2 engines Control unit C2 & C3 for 4 engines Flow meter/control (0 - 80 l/min) Pressure control Engine Water Flow meter Engine Turbocharger Water inlet press Nom water inlet Water inlet flow Water consump-...

  • Page 141: Exhaust Emissions

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 13. Exhaust Emissions Exhaust Emissions Exhaust emissions from the diesel engine mainly consist of nitrogen, oxygen and combustion products like carbon dioxide (CO ), water vapour and minor quantities of carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur oxides (SO ), nitrogen oxides (NO ), partially reacted and non-combusted hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM).

  • Page 142: Marine Exhaust Emissions Legislation

    13. Exhaust Emissions Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Smoke can be black, blue, white, yellow or brown in appearance. Black smoke is mainly comprised of carbon particulates (soot). Blue smoke indicates the presence of the products of the incomplete combustion of the fuel or lubricating oil. White smoke is usually condensed water vapour.

  • Page 143: Methods To Reduce Exhaust Emissions

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 13. Exhaust Emissions 13.3 Methods to reduce exhaust emissions All standard Wärtsilä engines meet the NOx emission level set by the IMO (International Maritime Organisation) and most of the local emission levels without any modifications. Wärtsilä has also developed solutions to significantly reduce NOx emissions when this is required.
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  • Page 145: Automation System

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14. Automation System Automation System Wärtsilä Unified Controls – UNIC is a modular embedded automation system. UNIC C2 has a hardwired interface for control functions and a bus communication interface for alarm and monitoring. 14.1 UNIC C2 UNIC C2 is a fully embedded and distributed engine management system, which handles all control functions on the engine;...
  • Page 146 14. Automation System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Local Control Panel is equipped with push buttons and switches for local engine control, as well as indication of running hours and safety-critical operating parameters. Local Display Unit offers a set of menus for retrieval and graphical display of operating data, calculated data and event history.
  • Page 147 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14. Automation System Fig 14-2 Local control panel and local display unit 14.1.2 Engine safety system The engine safety module handles fundamental safety functions, for example overspeed protection. It is also the interface to the shutdown devices on the engine for all other parts of the control system.
  • Page 148 14. Automation System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide The power unit contains redundant power converters, each converter dimensioned for 100% load. At least one of the two incoming supplies must be connected to a UPS. The power unit supplies the equipment on the engine with 2 x 24 VDC. Power supply from ship's system: ●...
  • Page 149 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14. Automation System NOTE Cable types and grouping of signals in different cables will differ depending on installation. * Dimension of the power supply cables depends on the cable length. Power supply requirements are specified in section Power unit. Fig 14-4 Signal overview (Main engine) Wärtsilä...

  • Page 150: Functions

    14. Automation System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 14-5 Signal overview (Generating set) 14.2 Functions 14.2.1 Start The engine is started by injecting compressed air directly into the cylinders. The solenoid controlling the master starting valve can be energized either locally with the start button, or from a remote control station.
  • Page 151 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14. Automation System ● External start blocking 1 (e.g. reduction gear oil pressure) ● External start blocking 2 (e.g. clutch position) ● Engine running For restarting of a diesel generator in a blackout situation, start blocking due to low pre-lubricating oil pressure can be suppressed for 30 min.

  • Page 152: Alarm And Monitoring Signals

    14. Automation System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide balancing, frequency adjustment, or generator loading/unloading control in the external control system. In a speed droop system each individual speed control unit decreases its internal speed reference when it senses increased load on the generator. Decreased network frequency with higher system load causes all generators to take on a proportional share of the increased total load.
  • Page 153 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14. Automation System operation in a black out situation by means of stored energy. Depending on system design and classification regulations, it may be permissible to use the emergency generator. 14.4.1.3 Stand-by pump, lubricating oil (if installed) (2P04) The engine control system starts the pump automatically via a motor starter, if the lubricating oil pressure drops below a preset level when the engine is running.

  • Page 154: System Requirements And Guidelines For Diesel-Electric Propulsion

    14. Automation System Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 14.5 System requirements and guidelines for diesel-electric propulsion Typical features to be incorporated in the propulsion control and power management systems in a diesel-electric ship: 1. The load increase program must limit the load increase rate during ship acceleration and load transfer between generators according to the curves in chapter 2.2 Loading Capacity.

  • Page 155: Foundation

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15. Foundation Foundation Engines can be either rigidly mounted on chocks, or resiliently mounted on steel spring elements. If resilient mounting is considered, Wärtsilä must be informed about existing excitations such as propeller blade passing frequency. Dynamic forces caused by the engine are listed in the chapter Vibration and noise.
  • Page 156 15. Foundation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15.2.1.1 Resin chocks The recommended dimensions of the resin chocks are 600 x 180 mm. The total surface pressure on the resin must not exceed the maximum value, which is determined by the type of resin and the requirements of the classification society.
  • Page 157 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15. Foundation Fig 15-1 Seating and fastening, rigidly mounted in-line engine on resin chocks (DAAE012078a) Fig 15-2 Seating and fastening, rigidly mounted V-engine on resin chocks (DAAE074226A) Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017 15-3...
  • Page 158 15. Foundation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 15-3 Seating and fastening, rigidly mounted in-line engine on resin chocks (DAAE012078a) 15-4 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...
  • Page 159 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15. Foundation Fig 15-4 Seating and fastening, rigidly mounted V-engine on resin chocks (DAAE074226A) Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017 15-5...
  • Page 160 15. Foundation Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15.2.2 Resilient mounting In order to reduce vibrations and structure borne noise, engines can be resiliently mounted on steel spring elements. The transmission of forces emitted by the engine is 10-20% when using resilient mounting. Typical structure borne noise levels can be found in chapter 17. The resilient elements consist of an upper steel plate fastened directly to the engine, vertical steel springs, and a lower steel plate fastened to the foundation.
  • Page 161 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 15. Foundation Fig 15-6 Seating and fastening, resiliently mounted V-engine (DAAE057412) 15.2.2.1 Flexible pipe connections When the engine is resiliently mounted, all connections must be flexible and no grating nor ladders may be fixed to the engine. Especially the connection to the turbocharger must be arranged so that the above mentioned displacements can be absorbed, without large forces on the turbocharger.
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  • Page 163: Vibration And Noise

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise Vibration and Noise Resiliently mounted engines comply with the requirements of the following standards regarding vibration level on the engine: Main engine ISO 10816-6 Class 5 Generating set (not on a common base ISO 8528-9 frame) 16.1...
  • Page 164 16. Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Table 16-2 External couples Engine Speed Frequency Frequency Frequency [rpm] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm] 7L46F 104.2 – 12.4 – 9L46F – – 14V46F 14V46F – – zero or insignificant value marked as "-" balancing device adopted 16-2 Wärtsilä...

  • Page 165: Torque Variations

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise 16.2 Torque variations Table 16-3 Torque variation at full load Engine type Speed Frequency [kNm] Frequency [kNm] Frequency [rpm] [Hz] [Hz] [Hz] [kNm] 6L46F 7L46F 8L46F 9L46F 12V46F 14V46F 16V46F 16.3 Mass moments of inertia These typical inertia values include the flexible coupling part connected to the flywheel and the torsional vibration damper, if needed.

  • Page 166: Structure Borne Noise

    16. Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 16.4 Structure borne noise Fig 16-2 Typical structure borne noise levels 16-4 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...

  • Page 167: Air Borne Noise

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise 16.5 Air borne noise The airborne noise from the engine is measured as a sound power level according to ISO 3746. The results are presented with A-weighting in octave bands, reference level 1 pW. The values are applicable with an intake air filter on the turbocharger and 1m from the engine.

  • Page 168: Exhaust Noise

    16. Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 16.6 Exhaust noise The exhaust noise is measured as a sound power level according to ISO 9614-2. The results are presented with A-weighting in octave bands, reference level 1 pW. The values presented in the graphs below are typical values, cylinder specific graphs are included in the Installation Planning Instructions (IPI) delivered for all contracted projects.

  • Page 169: Power Transmission

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 17. Power Transmission Power Transmission 17.1 Flexible coupling The engine is connected to the reduction gear or generator with a flexible coupling. The type of flexible coupling is determined separately for each installation based on the torsional vibration calculations.
  • Page 170 17. Power Transmission Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide be evaluated separately. Such a support bearing is possible only with rigidly mounted engines. The permissible coupling weight can be increased if the engine is configured without built-on pumps. 17-2 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...

  • Page 171: Input Data For Torsional Vibration Calculations

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 17. Power Transmission 17.5 Input data for torsional vibration calculations A torsional vibration calculation is made for each installation. For this purpose exact data of all components included in the shaft system are required. See list below. Installation ●...

  • Page 172: Turning Gear

    17. Power Transmission Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide ● Drawing of the coupling showing make, type and drawing number Operational data ● Operational profile (load distribution over time) ● Clutch-in speed ● Power distribution between the different users ● Power speed curve of the load 17.6 Turning gear The engine is equipped with an electrically driven turning gear, which is capable of turning the...

  • Page 173: Engine Room Layout

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Engine Room Layout 18.1 Crankshaft distances Minimum crankshaft distances are to be arranged in order to provide sufficient space between engines for maintenance and operation. 18.1.1 In-line engines Fig 18-1 Engine room arrangement, in-line engines (DAAE044913B) Table 18-1 Min.
  • Page 174 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18.1.2 V-engine Fig 18-2 Engine room arrangement, V-engine (DAAE075829B) Min. crankshaft distances [dimensions in mm] Engine type TC type 12V46F TPL 71C 5600 11000 11200 14V46F TPL 76C 5900 11300 12700 16V46F TPL 76C 5900 11300...
  • Page 175 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout 18.1.3 Four-engine installations Fig 18-3 Main engine arrangement, 4 x L46F (DAAE045069) Engine type A [mm] B [mm] C [mm] D [mm] 6L46F 1050 2100 3400 1850 7L, 8L, 9L46F 1050 2250 3700 1850 Minimum free space.
  • Page 176 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 18-4 Main engine arrangement, 4 x V46F (DAAE076528a) Engine type B [mm] C [mm] D [mm] 12V46F 3200 5600 1900 14V46F 3200 5900 1900 16V46F 3200 5900 1900 Depending on the type of reduction gear. Minimum free space.
  • Page 177 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Fig 18-5 Main engine arrangement, 4 x L46F (DAAE045142) Engine type B [mm] C [mm] D [mm] E [mm] 6L46F 2300 3400 1850 4600 7L, 8L, 9L46F 2450 3700 1850 4900 Minimum free space. Propeller shaft diameter to be determined case by case.
  • Page 178 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 18-6 Main engine arrangement, 4 x V46F (DAAE075827a) Engine type B [mm] C [mm] D [mm] E [mm] 12V46F 2350 5600 1900 4700 14V46F 2350 5900 1900 4700 16V46F 2350 5900 1900 4700 Depending on the type of reduction gear.

  • Page 179: Space Requirements For Maintenance

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout 18.2 Space requirements for maintenance 18.2.1 Working space around the engine The required working space around the engine is mainly determined by the dismounting dimensions of engine components, and space requirement of some special tools. It is especially important that no obstructive structures are built next to engine driven pumps, as well as camshaft and crankcase doors.
  • Page 180 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18.4.1 Service space requirement for the in-line engine Fig 18-7 Service space requirement, turbocharger in driving end (DAAE075830) Services spaces in mm 6L46F 7L-9L46F Height needed for overhauling cylinder head over accumulator 4060 4060 Height needed for transporting cylinder head freely over adjacent cylinder head covers...
  • Page 181 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Services spaces in mm 6L46F 7L-9L46F Recommended height of lube oil module lifting tool eye 2940 2940 Recommended width of lube oil module lifting tool eye Width needed for dismantling lube oil module insert 1915 1915 Recommended lifting point for the lube oil module insert...
  • Page 182 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18.4.2 Service space requirement for the V-engine Fig 18-8 Service space requirement, turbocharger in driving end (DAAE077270) Services spaces in mm 12V46F Height needed for overhauling cylinder head over accumulator 3800 Height needed for transporting cylinder head freely over adjacent cylinder head covers 5010 Height needed for transporting cylinder liner 4100...
  • Page 183 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Services spaces in mm 12V46F Space necessary for opening the side cover 2450 If a component is transported over TC, dimension K to be added to min. height values. Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017 18-11...
  • Page 184 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 18-9 Service space requirement, turbocharger in free end (DAAR006874) Services spaces in mm 12V46F 14V, 16V46F Height needed for overhauling cylinder head over accumulator 3800 3800 Height needed for transporting cylinder head freely over adjacent cylinder head covers 5010 5010 Height needed for transporting cylinder liner...
  • Page 185 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Services spaces in mm 12V46F 14V, 16V46F Space necessary for opening the side cover 2450 2450 If a component is transported over TC, dimension K to be added to min. height values. Wärtsilä...
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  • Page 187: Transport Dimensions And Weights

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Transport Dimensions and Weights 19.1 Lifting the in-line engine Fig 19-1 Lifting inline engines (DAAE016050a) Engine Weights without flywheel [ton] type [mm] [mm] [mm] Engine Lifting Transport Total device cradle weight 6L46F 8330 1520...
  • Page 188 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide Fig 19-2 Lifting of resiliently mounted engines (DAAE038985) Engine Weights without flywheel [ton] type [mm] [mm] [mm] Engine Lifting Transport Res. Total device cradle mounting weight 6L46F 8330 1515 5000 109.9 1515 5000 109.9...

  • Page 189: Lifting The V-Engine

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights 19.2 Lifting the V-engine Fig 19-3 Lifting of V engines (DAAG022525, DAAG022526) Engine type [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] W12V46F 2066 3765 4026 2300 ~9100 ~14200 5835 5129...

  • Page 190: Engine Components

    19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 19.3 Engine components Fig 19-4 Turbocharger (DAAE049544A) TC type Weight Weight rotor block cartridge complete TPL 71C 2003 DN600 1960 TPL 76C 2301 1342 1100 DN800 3660 TPL 76C 2301 1342 1100 DN800 3660...
  • Page 191 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Fig 19-6 Major spare parts (DAAE029505) Item Description Weight [kg] Item Description Weight [kg] Connecting rod Starting valve Piston Main bearing shell Cylinder liner 932.5 Split gear wheel Cylinder head 1170 Small intermediate gear Inlet valve Large intermediate gear...
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  • Page 193: Product Guide Attachments

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 20. Product Guide Attachments Product Guide Attachments This and other product guides can be accessed on the internet, from the Business Online Portal at www.wartsila.com. Product guides are available both in web and PDF format. Drawings are available in PDF and DXF format, and in near future also as 3D models.
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  • Page 195: Annex

    Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 21. ANNEX ANNEX 21.1 Unit conversion tables The tables below will help you to convert units used in this product guide to other units. Where the conversion factor is not accurate a suitable number of decimals have been used. Length conversion factors Mass conversion factors Convert from...

  • Page 196: Collection Of Drawing Symbols Used In Drawings

    21. ANNEX Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide 21.2 Collection of drawing symbols used in drawings Fig 21-1 List of symbols (DAAE000806D) 21-2 Wärtsilä 46F Product Guide - a19 - 1 December 2017...
  • Page 200 Wärtsilä is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation and total e ciency, Wärtsilä maximises the environmental and economic performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers. www.wartsila.com...

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