WÄRTSILÄ WÄRTSILÄ 20 Product Manual
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WÄRTSILÄ WÄRTSILÄ 20 Product Manual

4-stroke, non-reversible, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine with direct injection of fuel
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WÄRTSILÄ 20
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Summary of Contents for WÄRTSILÄ WÄRTSILÄ 20

  • Page 1 WÄRTSILÄ 20 PRODUCT GUIDE...
  • Page 2 © Copyright by WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND OY All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, graphic, photocopying, recording, taping or other information retrieval systems) without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
  • Page 3 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Introduction Introduction This Product Guide provides data and system proposals for the early design phase of marine engine installations. For contracted projects specific instructions for planning the installation are always delivered. Any data and information herein is subject to revision without notice. This 1/2016 issue replaces all previous issues of the Wärtsilä...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Table of contents Main Data and Outputs ........................Maximum continuous output ....................... Reference conditions ........................Operation in inclined position ...................... Dimensions and weights ......................Operating Ranges ..........................Engine operating modes ......................Engine operating range ....................... Loading capacity .........................
  • Page 5 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Table of contents Cooling Water System ......................... Water quality ..........................Internal cooling water system ...................... External cooling water system ....................10. Combustion Air System ........................10-1 10.1 Engine room ventilation ....................... 10-1 10.2 Combustion air system design ....................10-3 11.
  • Page 6 Table of contents Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights ....................19-1 19.1 Lifting of engines ......................... 19-1 19.2 Engine components ........................19-3 20. Product Guide Attachments ....................... 20-1 21. ANNEX ..............................21-1 21.1 Unit conversion tables ......................... 21-1 21.2 Collection of drawing symbols used in drawings ................

  • Page 7: Main Data And Outputs

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 1. Main Data and Outputs Main Data and Outputs The Wärtsilä 20 is a 4-stroke, non-reversible, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine with direct injection of fuel. Cylinder bore ........200 mm Stroke ............ 280 mm Piston displacement ......8.8 l/cyl Number of valves ........

  • Page 8: Reference Conditions

    1. Main Data and Outputs Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Reference conditions The output is available up to a charge air coolant temperature of max. 38°C and an air temperature of max. 45°C. For higher temperatures, the output has to be reduced according to the formula stated in ISO 3046-1:2002 (E).

  • Page 9: Dimensions And Weights

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 1. Main Data and Outputs Dimensions and weights Fig 1-1 Main engines (3V92E0068c) Engine W 4L20 2510 1348 1483 1800 1480 W 6L20 3292 3108 1528 1348 1580 1579 1800 2080 W 8L20 4011 3783 1614 1465 1756 1713...
  • Page 10 1. Main Data and Outputs Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 1-2 Generating sets (3V58E0576d) Engine Weight W 4L20 4910 4050 2460 1270/1420 1770/1920 1800 1580/1730 2338 1168 14.0 W 6L20 5325 4575 2300 895/975/1025 1270/1420/1570 1770/1920/2070 1800 1580/1730/1880 2243/2323/2373 1299 16.8 W 8L20 6030...

  • Page 11: Operating Ranges

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 2. Operating Ranges Operating Ranges Engine operating modes If the engine is configured for SCR use then it can be operated in two modes; IMO Tier 2 mode and SCR mode. The mode can be selected by an input signal to the engine automation system. In SCR mode the exhaust gas temperatures after the turbocharger are actively monitored and adjusted to stay within the operating temperature window of the SCR.
  • Page 12 2. Operating Ranges Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 2-1 Operating field for CP Propeller (DAAF007339) 2.2.2 Fixed pitch propellers The thrust and power absorption of a given fixed pitch propeller is determined by the relation between ship speed and propeller revolution speed. The power absorption during acceleration, manoeuvring or towing is considerably higher than during free sailing for the same revolution speed.

  • Page 13: Loading Capacity

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 2. Operating Ranges Fig 2-2 Operating field for FP Propeller (DAAF007340) 2.2.2.1 FP propellers in twin screw vessels Requirements regarding manoeuvring response and acceleration, as well as overload with one engine out of operation must be very carefully evaluated if the vessel is designed for free sailing, in particular if open propellers are applied.
  • Page 14 2. Operating Ranges Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 2.3.1 Mechanical propulsion Fig 2-3 Maximum recommended load increase rates for variable speed engines The propulsion control must include automatic limitation of the load increase rate. If the control system has only one load increase ramp, then the ramp for a preheated engine should be used.
  • Page 15 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 2. Operating Ranges 2.3.2 Diesel electric propulsion and auxiliary engines Fig 2-4 Maximum recommended load increase rates for engines operating at nominal speed In diesel electric installations loading ramps are implemented both in the propulsion control and in the power management system, or in the engine speed control in case isochronous load sharing is applied.

  • Page 16: Operation At Low Load And Idling

    2. Operating Ranges Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide drop is less than 10% and the recovery time to within 1% of the steady state speed at the new load level is max. 5 seconds. When electrical power is restored after a black-out, consumers are reconnected in groups or in a fast sequence with few generators on the busbar, which may cause significant load steps.

  • Page 17: Technical Data

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Technical Data Wärtsilä 4L20 Wärtsilä 4L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000...
  • Page 18 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 4L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Max. MDF temperature before engine (TE101) °C Fuel consumption at 100% load g/kWh...
  • Page 19 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 4L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Pressure at engine, after pump, nom. (PT451) 200 + stat- 200 + stat- 200 + stat-...

  • Page 20: Wärtsilä 6L20

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 6L20 Wärtsilä 6L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Engine output 1110...
  • Page 21 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 6L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Fuel consumption at 50% load g/kWh Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load kg/h...
  • Page 22 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 6L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Pressure drop over charge air cooler Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max.

  • Page 23: Wärtsilä 8L20

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 8L20 Wärtsilä 8L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Engine output 1480...
  • Page 24 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 8L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Fuel consumption at 50% load g/kWh Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load kg/h...
  • Page 25 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 8L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Pressure drop over charge air cooler Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max.

  • Page 26: Wärtsilä 9L20

    3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 9L20 Wärtsilä 9L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Engine output 1665...
  • Page 27 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 9L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Fuel consumption at 50% load g/kWh Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load kg/h...
  • Page 28 3. Technical Data Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Wärtsilä 9L20 AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE AE/DE Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 Tier 2 mode mode mode mode mode mode mode mode Cylinder output Engine speed 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Pressure drop over charge air cooler Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max.

  • Page 29: Description Of The Engine

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine Description of the Engine Definitions Fig 4-1 In-line engine definitions (1V93C0029) Main components and systems 4.2.1 Engine block The engine block is a one piece nodular cast iron component with integrated channels for lubricating oil and cooling water.

  • Page 30: Piston Rings

    4. Description of the Engine Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide metallically at the upper part and by O-rings at the lower part. To eliminate the risk of bore polishing the liner is equipped with an anti-polishing ring. 4.2.6 Piston The piston is of composite design with nodular cast iron skirt and steel crown. The piston skirt is pressure lubricated, which ensures a well-controlled oil flow to the cylinder liner during all operating conditions.
  • Page 31 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine The injection pumps have built-in roller tappets and are through-flow type to enable heavy fuel operation. They are also equipped with a stop cylinder, which is connected to the electro-pneumatic overspeed protection system. The injection valve is centrally located in the cylinder head and the fuel is admitted sideways through a high pressure connection screwed in the nozzle holder.

  • Page 32: Cross Sections Of The Engine

    4. Description of the Engine Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Cross sections of the engine Fig 4-2 Cross sections of the engine Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...

  • Page 33: Overhaul Intervals And Expected Lifetimes

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 4. Description of the Engine Overhaul intervals and expected lifetimes The following overhaul intervals and lifetimes are for guidance only. Actual figures will be different depending on service conditions. Expected component lifetimes have been adjusted to match overhaul intervals. In this list HFO is based on HFO2 specification stated in the chapter 6..
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  • Page 35: Piping Design, Treatment And Installation

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Piping Design, Treatment and Installation This chapter provides general guidelines for the design, construction and installation of piping systems, however, not excluding other solutions of at least equal standard. Fuel, lubricating oil, fresh water and compressed air piping is usually made in seamless carbon steel (DIN 2448) and seamless precision tubes in carbon or stainless steel (DIN 2391), exhaust gas piping in welded pipes of corten or carbon steel (DIN 2458).

  • Page 36: Trace Heating

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Piping Pipe material Max velocity [m/s] Sea water piping Galvanized steel Aluminium brass 10/90 copper-nickel-iron 70/30 copper-nickel Rubber lined pipes NOTE The diameter of gas fuel piping depends only on the allowed pressure loss in the piping, which has to be calculated project specifically.

  • Page 37: Pipe Class

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Within this Product Guide there are tables attached to drawings, which specify pressure classes of connections. The pressure class of a connection can be higher than the pressure class required for the pipe. Example 1: The fuel pressure before the engine should be 1.0 MPa (10 bar).

  • Page 38: Insulation

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Insulation The following pipes shall be insulated: ● All trace heated pipes ● Exhaust gas pipes ● Exposed parts of pipes with temperature > 60°C Insulation is also recommended for: ●...

  • Page 39: Flexible Pipe Connections

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation 5.7.2 Flushing More detailed recommendations on flushing procedures are when necessary described under the relevant chapters concerning the fuel oil system and the lubricating oil system. Provisions are to be made to ensure that necessary temporary bypasses can be arranged and that flushing hoses, filters and pumps will be available when required.

  • Page 40: Clamping Of Pipes

    5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 5-1 Flexible hoses (4V60B0100a) Clamping of pipes It is very important to fix the pipes to rigid structures next to flexible pipe connections in order to prevent damage caused by vibration. The following guidelines should be applied: ●...
  • Page 41 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Fig 5-2 Flange supports of flexible pipe connections (4V60L0796) Fig 5-3 Pipe clamp for fixed support (4V61H0842) Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...
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  • Page 43: Fuel Oil System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fuel Oil System Acceptable fuel characteristics The fuel specifications are based on the ISO 8217:2012 (E) standard. Observe that a few additional properties not included in the standard are listed in the tables. For maximum fuel temperature before the engine, see chapter "Technical Data".
  • Page 44 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Property Unit ISO-F-DMA ISO-F-DMZ ISO-F-DMB Test method ref. Pour point (upper) , summer quality, max. °C ISO 3016 3) 4) 7) Appearance — Clear and bright Water, max. % volume — — ISO 3733 Ash, max.
  • Page 45 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.1.2 Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) Residual fuel grades are referred to as HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil). The fuel specification HFO 2 covers the categories ISO-F-RMA 10 to RMK 700. Fuels fulfilling the specification HFO 1 permit longer overhaul intervals of specific engine components than HFO 2.
  • Page 46 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The fuel shall be free from used lubricating oil (ULO). A fuel shall be considered to contain ULO when either one of the following conditions is met: Calcium > 30 mg/kg and zinc > 15 mg/kg ●...
  • Page 47 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.1.3 Liquid bio fuels The engine can be operated on liquid bio fuels according to the specifications in tables "6-3 Straight liquid bio fuel specification" or "6-4 Biodiesel specification based on EN 14214:2012 standard".
  • Page 48 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Table 6-4 Biodiesel specification based on EN 14214:2012 standard Property Unit Limit Test method ref. Viscosity at 40°C, min...max. 3.5...5 ISO 3104 Viscosity, before injection pumps, min. Density at 15°C, min...max. kg/m³ 860...900 ISO 3675 / 12185 Cetane number, min.

  • Page 49: Internal Fuel Oil System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Internal fuel oil system Fig 6-1 Internal fuel system, MDF (DAAE060385B) System components: Injection pump Duplex fine filter Injection valve Engine driven fuel feed pump Fuel leakage collector Pressure regulating valve Sensors and indicators: PT101 Fuel oil pressure, engine inlet PDS113...
  • Page 50 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 6-2 Internal fuel system, HFO (DAAE060384B) System components: Injection pump Adjustable throttle valve Injection valve Pulse dampers Level alarm for leak fuel oil from injection pipes Sensors and indicators: PT101 Fuel oil pressure, engine inlet TI101 Fuel oil temperature, engine inlet PS110...
  • Page 51 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System HFO engines are equipped with an adjustable throttle valve in the fuel return line on the engine. For engines installed in the same fuel feed circuit, it is essential to distribute the fuel correctly to the engines.

  • Page 52: External Fuel Oil System

    6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide External fuel oil system The design of the external fuel system may vary from ship to ship, but every system should provide well cleaned fuel of correct viscosity and pressure to each engine. Temperature control is required to maintain stable and correct viscosity of the fuel before the injection pumps (see Technical data).

  • Page 53: Fuel Tanks

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fig 6-3 Fuel oil viscosity-temperature diagram for determining the pre-heating temperatures of fuel oils (4V92G0071b) Example 1: A fuel oil with a viscosity of 380 cSt (A) at 50°C (B) or 80 cSt at 80°C (C) must be pre-heated to 115 - 130°C (D-E) before the fuel injection pumps, to 98°C (F) at the separator and to minimum 40°C (G) in the bunker tanks.
  • Page 54 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide In case intention is to operate on low sulphur fuel it is beneficial to install double settling tanks to avoid incompability problems. To ensure sufficient time for settling (water and sediment separation), the capacity of each tank should be sufficient for min.
  • Page 55 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System box of the engine. The spilled liquids are collected and drained by gravity from the engine through the dirty fuel connection. Dirty leak fuel shall be led to a sludge tank. The tank and the pipes must be heated and insulated, unless the installation is designed for operation exclusively on MDF.
  • Page 56 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide number of test particles in cleaned test oil number of test particles in test oil before separator 6.3.4.2 Separator unit (1N02/1N05) Separators are usually supplied as pre-assembled units designed by the separator manufacturer.
  • Page 57 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.4.3 Separator feed pumps (1P02) Feed pumps should be dimensioned for the actual fuel quality and recommended throughput of the separator. The pump should be protected by a suction strainer (mesh size about 0.5 An approved system for control of the fuel feed rate to the separator is required.
  • Page 58 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide daily separating time for self cleaning separator [h] (usually = 23 h or 23.5 h) The flow rates recommended for the separator and the grade of fuel must not be exceeded. The lower the flow rate the better the separation efficiency. Sample valves must be placed before and after the separator.
  • Page 59 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.5 Fuel feed system - MDF installations Fig 6-5 Fuel feed system, main engine (DAAE003608D) System components 1E04 Cooler (MDF) 1P08 Standby pump (MDF) 1F07 Suction strainer (MDF) 1T06 Day tank (MDF) 1I03 Flow meter (MDF) 1V10...
  • Page 60 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 6-6 Fuel feed system for low sulphur operation, main engine (DAAF040654B) System components 1E04 Cooler (MDF) 1T06 Day tank (MDF) 1F07 Suction strainer (MDF) 1T21 Day tank (LSMDF) 1I03 Flowmeter (MDF) 1V10 Quick closing valve (FO tank) 1P08...
  • Page 61 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System If the engines are to be operated on MDF only, heating of the fuel is normally not necessary. In such case it is sufficient to install the equipment listed below. Some of the equipment listed below is also to be installed in the MDF part of a HFO fuel oil system.
  • Page 62 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The diameter of the pipe between the fine filter and the engine should be the same as the diameter before the filters. Design data: Fuel viscosity according to fuel specifications Design temperature 50°C Design flow Larger than feed/circulation pump capacity...
  • Page 63 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.5.7 Return fuel tank (1T13) The return fuel tank shall be equipped with a vent valve needed for the vent pipe to the MDF day tank. The volume of the return fuel tank should be at least 100 l. 6.3.5.8 Black out start Diesel generators serving as the main source of electrical power must be able to resume their...
  • Page 64 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6.3.6 Fuel feed system - HFO installations Fig 6-7 Example of fuel oil system (HFO), multiple engine installation (3V76F6656G) System components 1E02 Heater (booster unit) 1P06 Circulation pump (booster unit) 1E03 Cooler (booster unit) 1T03 Day tank (HFO) 1E04...
  • Page 65 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Fig 6-8 Example of fuel oil system (HFO) for low sulphur operation, multiple engine installation (DAAF040653A) System components Diesel engine Wärtsilä L20 1T03 Day tank (HFO) 1E02 Heater (Booster unit) 1T04 Leak fuel tank (MDF clean fuel) 1E03 Cooler (Booster unit) 1T04-1...

  • Page 66: Starting And Stopping

    6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide HFO pipes shall be properly insulated. If the viscosity of the fuel is 180 cSt/50°C or higher, the pipes must be equipped with trace heating. It sha ll be possible to shut off the heating of the pipes when operating on MDF (trace heating to be grouped logically).
  • Page 67 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System In addition the following guidelines apply: ● Twin screw vessels with two engines should have a separate fuel feed circuit for each propeller shaft. ● Twin screw vessels with four engines should have the engines on the same shaft connected to different fuel feed circuits.
  • Page 68 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 6-9 Feeder/booster unit, example (DAAE006659) Fuel feed pump, booster unit (1P04) The feed pump maintains the pressure in the fuel feed system. It is recommended to use a screw pump as feed pump. The capacity of the feed pump must be sufficient to prevent pressure drop during flushing of the automatic filter.
  • Page 69 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System Pressure control valve, booster unit (1V03) The pressure control valve in the feeder/booster unit maintains the pressure in the de-aeration tank by directing the surplus flow to the suction side of the feed pump. Design data: Capacity Equal to feed pump...
  • Page 70 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Circulation pump, booster unit (1P06) The purpose of this pump is to circulate the fuel in the system and to maintain the required pressure at the injection pumps, which is stated in the chapter Technical data. By circulating the fuel in the system it also maintains correct viscosity, and keeps the piping and the injection pumps at operating temperature.
  • Page 71 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6. Fuel Oil System 6.3.6.6 Safety filter (1F03) The safety filter is a full flow duplex type filter with steel net. This safety filter must be installed as close as possible to the engines. The safety filter should be equipped with a heating jacket. In multiple engine installations it is possible to have a one common safety filter for all engines.
  • Page 72 6. Fuel Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 6.3.7 Flushing The external piping system must be thoroughly flushed before the engines are connected and fuel is circulated through the engines. The piping system must have provisions for installation of a temporary flushing filter. The fuel pipes at the engine (connections 101 and 102) are disconnected and the supply and return lines are connected with a temporary pipe or hose on the installation side.

  • Page 73: Lubricating Oil System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Lubricating Oil System Lubricating oil requirements 7.1.1 Engine lubricating oil The lubricating oil must be of viscosity class SAE 40 and have a viscosity index (VI) of minimum 95. The lubricating oil alkalinity (BN) is tied to the fuel grade, as shown in the table below. BN is an abbreviation of Base Number.

  • Page 74: Internal Lubricating Oil System

    7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Internal lubricating oil system Fig 7-1 Internal lubricating oil system (DAAE060386F) System components: Lubricating oil main pump Pressure control valve Prelubricating oil pump Turbocharger Lubricating oil cooler Guide block for VIC Thermostatic valve Control valve for VIC Automatic filter Lube oil nozzle for gearwheel lube (FW end)
  • Page 75 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Pipe connections Size Lubricating oil outlet (if dry sump) DN100 Lubricating oil to engine driven pump (if dry sump) DN100 Lubricating oil to priming pump (if dry sump) DN32 Lubricating oil to electric driven pump (if stand-by pump) DN100 Lub.
  • Page 76 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 7-2 Flange for connections 202, 203, dry sump (4V32A0506a) The lubricating oil sump is of wet sump type for auxiliary and diesel-electric engines. Dry sump is recommended for main engines operating on HFO. The dry sump type has two oil outlets at each end of the engine.

  • Page 77: External Lubricating Oil System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System External lubricating oil system Fig 7-3 Lubricating oil system, auxiliary engines (3V76E4590C) System components Pipe connections 2E02 Heater (Separator unit) Lubricating oil from separator and filling 2F03 Suction filter (Separator unit) Lubricating oil to separator and drain 2N01 Separator unit Lubricating oil filling...
  • Page 78 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 7-4 Lubricating oil system, main engine (3V76E4591F) System components Pipe connections Size 2E02 Heater (Separator unit) Lubricating oil outlet (from oil sump) DN100 2F01 Suction strainer (Main lubricating oil pump) Lubricating oil to engine driven pump DN100 2F03 Suction filter (Separator unit)
  • Page 79 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Fig 7-5 Lubricating oil system, main engine (DAAF040652B) System components Pipe connections 2E02 Heater (Separator unit) 2S02 Condensate trap 2F01 Suction strainer (main LO pump) 2T01 System oil tank 2F03 Suction filter (separator unit) 2T03 New oil tank (high BN) 2F04...
  • Page 80 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7.3.1 Separation system 7.3.1.1 Separator unit (2N01) Each engine must have a dedicated lubricating oil separator and the separators shall be dimensioned for continuous separating. If the installation is designed to operate on MDF only, then intermittent separating might be sufficient.
  • Page 81 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System engine output [kW] number of through-flows of tank volume per day: 5 for HFO, 4 for MDF operating time [h/day]: 24 for continuous separator operation, 23 for normal dimensioning Sludge tank (2T06) The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit.
  • Page 82 7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 7-6 Example of system oil tank arrangement (DAAE007020e) Design data: Oil tank volume 1.2...1.5 l/kW, see also Technical data Oil level at service 75...80% of tank volume Oil level alarm 60% of tank volume 7.3.3 New oil tank (2T03) In engines with wet sump, the lubricating oil may be filled into the engine, using a hose or an...

  • Page 83: Crankcase Ventilation System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System Design data: Fineness 0.5...1.0 mm 7.3.5 Lubricating oil pump, stand-by (2P04) The stand-by lubricating oil pump is normally of screw type and should be provided with an overflow valve. Design data: Capacity see Technical data Design pressure, max 0.8 MPa (8 bar)

  • Page 84: Flushing Instructions

    7. Lubricating Oil System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Flushing instructions Flushing instructions in this Product Guide are for guidance only. For contracted projects, read the specific instructions included in the installation planning instructions (IPI). 7.5.1 Piping and equipment built on the engine Flushing of the piping and equipment built on the engine is not required and flushing oil shall not be pumped through the engine oil system (which is flushed and clean from the factory).
  • Page 85 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 7. Lubricating Oil System 7.5.3.4 Lubricating oil sample To verify the cleanliness a LO sample shall be taken by the shipyard after the flushing is completed. The properties to be analyzed are Viscosity, BN, AN, Insolubles, Fe and Particle Count.
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  • Page 87: Compressed Air System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System Compressed Air System Compressed air is used to start engines and to provide actuating energy for safety and control devices. The use of starting air for other purposes is limited by the classification regulations. To ensure the functionality of the components in the compressed air system, the compressed air has to be free from solid particles and oil.
  • Page 88 8. Compressed Air System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Sensors and indicators: PT301 Starting air pressure, engine inlet CV153-2 Stop solenoid 2 PT311 Control air pressure, engine inlet CV321 Starting solenoid GS792 Turning gear position CV657-1 Air waste gate control 1 GS621 Charge air shut-off valve position CV657-2...

  • Page 89: External Compressed Air System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System External compressed air system The design of the starting air system is partly determined by classification regulations. Most classification societies require that the total capacity is divided into two equally sized starting air receivers and starting air compressors.
  • Page 90 8. Compressed Air System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The number and the capacity of the air vessels for propulsion engines depend on the requirements of the classification societies and the type of installation. It is recommended to use a minimum air pressure of 1.8 MPa, when calculating the required volume of the vessels.
  • Page 91 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 8. Compressed Air System minimum starting air pressure = See Technical data Rmin NOTE The total vessel volume shall be divided into at least two equally sized starting air vessels. 8.2.4 Air filter, starting air inlet (3F02) Condense formation after the water separator (between starting air compressor and starting air vessels) create and loosen abrasive rust from the piping, fittings and receivers.
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  • Page 93: Cooling Water System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Cooling Water System Water quality The fresh water in the cooling water system of the engine must fulfil the following requirements: p H ....... min. 6.5...8.5 Hardness ..... max. 10 °dH Chlorides ..... max.

  • Page 94: Internal Cooling Water System

    9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Internal cooling water system Fig 9-1 Internal cooling water system (DAAE060388C) System components: HT-cooling water pump HT-thermostatic valve LT-cooling water pump LT-thermostatic valve Charge air cooler Adjustable orifice Lubricating oil cooler Sensors and Indicators: PT401 HT water pressure, jacket inlet PS460...
  • Page 95 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Pipe connections Size Pressure class Standard LT-water inlet DN80 PN16 ISO 7005-1 LT-water outlet DN80 PN16 ISO 7005-1 LT-water air vent from air cooler OD12 PN250 DIN 2353 LT-water from stand-by pump DN80 PN16 ISO 7005-1...
  • Page 96 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9.2.2 Engine driven sea water pump An engine driven sea water pump is available for main engines: Fig 9-3 Engine driven sea water pump curves Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...

  • Page 97: External Cooling Water System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System External cooling water system Fig 9-4 Cooling water system, inline engines (DAAF068123) System components: 1E04 Cooler (MDF) 4P06 Circulating pump 4E03 Heat recovery (Evaporator) 4P09 Transfer pump 4E05 Heater (Preheater) 4P19 Circulating pump 4E08 Central cooler 4S01...
  • Page 98 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 9-5 Cooling water system, auxiliary engines operating on HFO and MDO (3V76C5823B) System components: 4E05 Heater (Preheater) 4S01 Air venting 4E08 Central cooler 4T04 Drain tank 4N01 Preheating unit 4T05 Expansion tank 4P04 Circulating pump (Preheating unit) 4V08...
  • Page 99 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-6 Cooling water system common for ME and AE, mixed LT and HT-circuit, common heatrecovery and preheating for ME and AE (DAAE030653) System components 2E01 Lubricating oil cooler 4P14 Circulating pump (HT) 4E03-1 Heat recovery (evaporator) ME 4P15...
  • Page 100 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 9-7 Common cooling water system, split LT and HT-circuit, common heat recovery and preheating (DAAE030654) System components 2E01 Lubricating oil cooler 4P14 Circulating pump (HT) 4E03-1 Heat recovery (evaporator) ME 4P15 Circulating pump (LT) 4E03-2 Heat recovery (evaporator) ME+AE...
  • Page 101 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-8 Cooling water system, main engine (3V76C5825B) System components: 4E05 Heater (Preheater) 4P05 Stand-by pump (LT) 4E08 Central cooler 4P09 Transfer pump 4E10 Cooler (Reduction gear) 4P11 Circulating pump (Sea water) 4F01 Suction strainer (Sea water) 4S01...
  • Page 102 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 9-9 Cooling water system, HFO engines with evaporator (3V76C5826C) System components: 4E03 Heat recovery (Evaporator) 4P19 Circulating pump (Evaporator) 4E05 Heater (Preheater) 4S01 Air venting 4E08 Central cooler 4T04 Drain tank 4N01 Preheating unit 4T05...
  • Page 103 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Fig 9-10 Cooling water system, MDF engines with evaporator (3V76C5827B) System components: 1E04 Cooler (MDF) 4P09 Transfer pump 4E03 Heat recovery (Evaporator) 4P19 Circulating pump (Evaporator) 4E05 Heater (Preheater) 4S01 Air venting 4E08 Central cooler 4T04...
  • Page 104 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide It is recommended to divide the engines into several circuits in multi-engine installations. One reason is of course redundancy, but it is also easier to tune the individual flows in a smaller system.
  • Page 105 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System The flow to the fresh water cooler must be calculated case by case based on how the circuit is designed. In case the fresh water central cooler is used for combined LT and HT water flows in a parallel system the total flow can be calculated with the following formula: where: total fresh water flow [m³/h]...
  • Page 106 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 9-11 Central cooler, main dimensions (4V47E0188b) Cooling water Sea water Dimension [mm] Weight [kg] Engine [rpm] Flow Tcw, in Tcw, out Flow Tsw, in Tsw, out type [m³/h] [°C] [°C] [m³/h] [°C] [°C] W 4L20...
  • Page 107 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Engine type A [mm] C [mm] D [mm] Weight [kg] W 6L20DF 1000 1133 1200 1133 W 8L20DF 1000 1133 1200 1082 W 9L20DF 1000 1133 1200 1760 As an alternative for the central coolers of the plate or of the tube type a box cooler can be installed.
  • Page 108 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Concerning the water volume in the engine, see chapter Technical data. The expansion tank should be equipped with an inspection hatch, a level gauge, a low level alarm and necessary means for dosing of cooling water additives. The vent pipes should enter the tank below the water level.
  • Page 109 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 9. Cooling Water System Preheating temperature min. 60°C Required heating power 2 kW/cyl Heating power to keep hot engine warm 1 kW/cyl Required heating power to heat up the engine, see formula below: where: Preheater output [kW] Preheating temperature = 60...70 °C Ambient temperature [°C] Engine weight [ton]...
  • Page 110 9. Cooling Water System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 9-13 Preheating unit, electric (3V60L0653A) Heater capacity Pump capacity Weight Pipe connections Dimensions Inlet / Outlet DN40 1050 DN40 1050 DN40 1050 DN40 1250 22.5 DN40 1050 DN40 1250 DN40 1050 DN40 1250 DN40...

  • Page 111: Combustion Air System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 10. Combustion Air System Combustion Air System 10.1 Engine room ventilation To maintain acceptable operating conditions for the engines and to ensure trouble free operation of all equipment, attention shall be paid to the engine room ventilation and the supply of combustion air.
  • Page 112 10. Combustion Air System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The ventilation air is to be equally distributed in the engine room considering air flows from points of delivery towards the exits. This is usually done so that the funnel serves as exit for most of the air.

  • Page 113: Combustion Air System Design

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 10. Combustion Air System Fig 10-2 Engine room ventilation, air duct connected to the turbocharger (DAAE092652A) 10.2 Combustion air system design Usually, the combustion air is taken from the engine room through a filter on the turbocharger. This reduces the risk for too low temperatures and contamination of the combustion air.
  • Page 114 10. Combustion Air System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide a flap for controlling the direction and amount of air. Also other combustion air consumers, for example other engines, gas turbines and boilers shall be served by dedicated combustion air ducts. If necessary, the combustion air duct can be connected directly to the turbocharger with a flexible connection piece.

  • Page 115: Exhaust Gas System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System Exhaust Gas System 11.1 Internal exhaust gas system Fig 11-1 Internal exhaust gas system (DAAE060390F) System components: Turbocharger Water mist separator Water container Charge air waste gate Pressure from air duct Charge air shut off valve Charge air cooler Adjustable charge air wastegate (somas) Sensors and indicators:...

  • Page 116: Exhaust Gas Outlet

    11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11.2 Exhaust gas outlet Engine TC in free end W 6L20 0°, 30°, 60°, 90° W 8L20 0°, 30°, 60°, 90° W 9L20 0°, 30°, 60°, 90° Fig 11-2 Exhaust pipe connections (DAAE066842) Engine ØA [mm]...

  • Page 117: External Exhaust Gas System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System 11.3 External exhaust gas system Each engine should have its own exhaust pipe into open air. Backpressure, thermal expansion and supporting are some of the decisive design factors. Flexible bellows must be installed directly on the turbocharger outlet, to compensate for thermal expansion and prevent damages to the turbocharger due to vibrations.
  • Page 118 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The exhaust pipe must be insulated with insulation material approved for concerned operation conditions, minimum thickness 30 mm considering the shape of engine mounted insulation. Insulation has to be continuous and protected by a covering plate or similar to keep the insulation intact.
  • Page 119 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System must be made to ensure that water cannot spill down into the SCR, when the exhaust boiler is cleaned with water. More information about the SCR-unit can be found in the Wärtsilä Environmental Product Guide.
  • Page 120 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11.3.7 Exhaust gas silencers The exhaust gas silencing can be accomplished either by the patented Compact Silencer System (CSS) technology or by the conventional exhaust gas silencer. 11.3.7.1 Exhaust noise The unattenuated exhaust noise is typically measured in the exhaust duct. The in-duct measurement is transformed into free field sound power through a number of correction factors.
  • Page 121 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11. Exhaust Gas System 11.3.7.2 Silencer system comparison With a conventional silencer system, the design of the noise reduction system usually starts from the engine. With the CSS, the design is reversed, meaning that the noise level acceptability at a certain distance from the ship's exhaust gas pipe outlet, is used to dimension the noise reduction system.
  • Page 122 11. Exhaust Gas System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 11.3.7.4 Conventional exhaust gas silencer (5R02) Yard/designer should take into account that unfavourable layout of the exhaust system (length of straight parts in the exhaust system) might cause amplification of the exhaust noise between engine outlet and the silencer.

  • Page 123: Turbocharger Cleaning

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 12. Turbocharger Cleaning Turbocharger Cleaning Regular water cleaning of the turbine and the compressor reduces the formation of deposits and extends the time between overhauls. Fresh water is injected into the turbocharger during operation. Additives, solvents or salt water must not be used and the cleaning instructions in the operation manual must be carefully followed.
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  • Page 125: Exhaust Emissions

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 13. Exhaust Emissions Exhaust Emissions Exhaust emissions from the diesel engine mainly consist of nitrogen, oxygen and combustion products like carbon dioxide (CO ), water vapour and minor quantities of carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur oxides (SO ), nitrogen oxides (NO ), partially reacted and non-combusted hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM).

  • Page 126: Marine Exhaust Emissions Legislation

    13. Exhaust Emissions Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Smoke can be black, blue, white, yellow or brown in appearance. Black smoke is mainly comprised of carbon particulates (soot). Blue smoke indicates the presence of the products of the incomplete combustion of the fuel or lubricating oil. White smoke is usually condensed water vapour.
  • Page 127 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 13. Exhaust Emissions E3: Propeller-law oper- Speed (%) ated main and propeller- Power (%) law operated auxiliary engine application Weighting 0.15 0.15 (Fixed-pitch propeller) factor C1: Variable -speed and Speed Rated Intermediate Idle -load auxiliary engine Torque application Weighting...
  • Page 128 13. Exhaust Emissions Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 13-1 IMO NO emission limits IMO Tier 2 NO emission standard (new ships 2011) The IMO Tier 2 NO emission standard entered into force in 1.1.2011 and applies globally for new marine diesel engines > 130 kW installed in ships which keel laying date is 1.1.2011 or later.
  • Page 129 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 13. Exhaust Emissions NOTE The Dual Fuel engines fulfil the IMO Tier 3 NOx emission level as standard in gas mode operation without the need of a secondary exhaust gas emission control system. Sulphur Oxides, SO emissions Marpol Annex VI has set a maximum global fuel sulphur limit of currently 3,5% (from 1.1.2012) in weight for any fuel used on board a ship.

  • Page 130: Methods To Reduce Exhaust Emissions

    13. Exhaust Emissions Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 13.2.2 Other Legislations There are also other local legislations in force in particular regions. 13.3 Methods to reduce exhaust emissions All standard Wärtsilä engines meet the NOx emission level set by the IMO (International Maritime Organisation) and most of the local emission levels without any modifications.

  • Page 131: Automation System

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 14. Automation System Automation System Wärtsilä Unified Controls – UNIC is a modular embedded automation system. UNIC C2 has a hardwired interface for control functions and a bus communication interface for alarm and monitoring. 14.1 UNIC C2 UNIC C2 is a fully embedded and distributed engine management system, which handles all control functions on the engine;...
  • Page 132 14. Automation System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Local Control Panel is equipped with push buttons and switches for local engine control, as well as indication of running hours and safety-critical operating parameters. Local Display Unit offers a set of menus for retrieval and graphical display of operating data, calculated data and event history.

  • Page 133: Power Unit

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 14. Automation System Fig 14-2 Local control panel and local display unit 14.1.2 Engine safety system The engine safety module handles fundamental safety functions, for example overspeed protection. It is also the interface to the shutdown devices on the engine for all other parts of the control system.
  • Page 134 14. Automation System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide The power unit contains redundant power converters, each converter dimensioned for 100% load. At least one of the two incoming supplies must be connected to a UPS. The power unit supplies the equipment on the engine with 2 x 24 VDC. Power supply from ship's system: ●...
  • Page 135 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 14. Automation System NOTE Cable types and grouping of signals in different cables will differ depending on installation. * Dimension of the power supply cables depends on the cable length. Power supply requirements are specified in section Power unit. Fig 14-4 Signal overview (Main engine) Wärtsilä...

  • Page 136: Functions

    14. Automation System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 14-5 Signal overview (Generating set) 14.2 Functions 14.2.1 Start The engine has a pneumatic starting motor controlled by a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve can be energized either locally with the start button, or from a remote control station. In an emergency situation it is also possible to operate the valve manually.

  • Page 137: Speed Control

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 14. Automation System 14.2.2 Stop and shutdown Normal stop is initiated either locally with the stop button, or from a remote control station. The control devices on the engine are held in stop position for a preset time until the engine has come to a complete stop.

  • Page 138: Alarm And Monitoring Signals

    14. Automation System Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide In isochronous mode the speed reference remains constant regardless of load level. Both isochronous load sharing and traditional speed droop are standard features in the speed control and either mode can be easily selected. If the ship has several switchboard sections with tie breakers between the different sections, then the status of each tie breaker is required for control of the load sharing in isochronous mode.
  • Page 139 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 14. Automation System 14.4.1.3 Stand-by pump, HT cooling water (if installed) (4P03) The engine control system starts the pump automatically via a motor starter, if the cooling water pressure drops below a preset level when the engine is running. There is a dedicated sensor on the engine for this purpose.
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  • Page 141: Foundation

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15. Foundation Foundation Engines can be either rigidly mounted on chocks, or resiliently mounted on rubber elements. If resilient mounting is considered, Wärtsilä must be informed about existing excitations such as propeller blade passing frequency. Dynamic forces caused by the engine are listed in the chapter Vibration and noise.
  • Page 142 15. Foundation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15.2.1.1 Resin chocks The recommended dimensions of resin chocks are 150 x 400 mm. The total surface pressure on the resin must not exceed the maximum value, which is determined by the type of resin and the requirements of the classification society.
  • Page 143 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15. Foundation Fig 15-1 Main engine seating, view from above (DAAE017514a) Engine Dimensions [mm] W 4L20 1060 1360 1470 1480 W 6L20 1530 1660 1960 2070 2080 W 8L20 1830 1960 2260 2370 2680 W 9L20 2130 2260 2560...
  • Page 144 15. Foundation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 15-3 Chocking of main engines (3V69A0238C) 15-4 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...
  • Page 145 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15. Foundation 15.2.2 Resilient mounting In order to reduce vibrations and structure borne noise, main engines can be resiliently mounted on rubber mounts. The transmission of forces emitted by a resiliently mounted engine is 10-20% compared to a rigidly mounted engine. For resiliently mounted engines a speed range of 750-1000 rpm is generally available.

  • Page 146: Mounting Of Generating Sets

    15. Foundation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15.3 Mounting of generating sets 15.3.1 Generator feet design Fig 15-5 Instructions for designing the feet of the generator and the distance between its holding down bolt (4V92F0134E) 15.3.2 Resilient mounting Generating sets, comprising engine and generator mounted on a common base frame, are usually installed on resilient mounts on the foundation in the ship.
  • Page 147 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 15. Foundation Fig 15-6 Recommended design of the generating set seating (3V46L0720G) Engine type 1330 / 1480 1580 / 1730 1330 / 1480 / 1630 1580 / 1730 / 1880 1480 / 1630 1730 / 1880 1480 / 1630 / 1860 1730 / 1880 / 2110 * Dependent on generator width...

  • Page 148: Flexible Pipe Connections

    15. Foundation Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 15-7 Rubber mounts (3V46L0706C) 15.4 Flexible pipe connections When the engine or the generating set is resiliently installed, all connections must be flexible and no grating nor ladders may be fixed to the generating set. When installing the flexible pipe connections, unnecessary bending or stretching should be avoided.

  • Page 149: Vibration And Noise

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 20 generating sets comply with vibration levels according to ISO 8528-9. Main engines comply with vibration levels according to ISO 10816-6 Class 5. 16.1 External forces and couples Some cylinder configurations produce external forces and couples.

  • Page 150: Torque Variations

    16. Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Table 16-2 External couples Engine Speed [rpm] Frequency [Hz] MY [kNm] Frequency [Hz] MZ [kNm] W 9L20 1000 16.7 16.7 33.3 66.7 = 0, M = 0 for 4, 6 and 8 cylinder engines 16.2 Torque variations Table 16-3...

  • Page 151: Structure Borne Noise

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise 16.4 Structure borne noise Fig 16-2 Main engines, typical structure borne noise levels above and below resilient mounts (DAAB814306) Fig 16-3 Generating sets, typical structure borne noise levels above and below resilient mounts (DBAB120103) Wärtsilä...

  • Page 152: Air Borne Noise

    16. Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 16.5 Air borne noise The airborne noise of the engine is measured as a sound power level according to ISO 9614-2. Noise level is given as sound power emitted by the whole engine, reference level 1 pW. The values presented in the graphs below are typical values, cylinder specific graphs are included in the Installation Planning Instructions (IPI).
  • Page 153 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 16. Vibration and Noise Fig 16-5 Sound power level for exhaust noise Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016 16-5...
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  • Page 155: Power Transmission

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 17. Power Transmission Power Transmission 17.1 Flexible coupling The power transmission of propulsion engines is accomplished through a flexible coupling or a combined flexible coupling and clutch mounted on the flywheel. The crankshaft is equipped with an additional shield bearing at the flywheel end. Therefore also a rather heavy coupling can be mounted on the flywheel without intermediate bearings.

  • Page 156: Clutch

    17. Power Transmission Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 17-2 Connection engine/two-bearing generator (4V64F0001B) Dimensions [mm] Engine min D W 4L20 W 6L20 W 8L20 W 9L20 17.2 Clutch In many installations the propeller shaft can be separated from the diesel engine using a clutch. The use of multiple plate hydraulically actuated clutches built into the reduction gear is recommended.

  • Page 157: Power-Take-Off From The Free End

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 17. Power Transmission Fig 17-3 Shaft locking device and brake disc with calipers 17.4 Power-take-off from the free end At the free end a shaft connection as a power take off can be provided. If required full output can be taken from the PTO shaft.

  • Page 158: Input Data For Torsional Vibration Calculations

    17. Power Transmission Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide PTO shaft design rating, engine output may be lower 17.5 Input data for torsional vibration calculations A torsional vibration calculation is made for each installation. For this purpose exact data of all components included in the shaft system are required. See list below. Installation ●...

  • Page 159: Turning Gear

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 17. Power Transmission ● Dynamic magnification or relative damping ● Nominal torque, permissible vibratory torque and permissible power loss ● Drawing of the coupling showing make, type and drawing number Operational data ● Operational profile (load distribution over time) ●...
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  • Page 161: Engine Room Layout

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Engine Room Layout 18.1 Crankshaft distances Minimum crankshaft distances have to be followed in order to provide sufficient space between engines for maintenance and operation. Fig 18-1 Minimum crankshaft distances, main engine (DAAE006291A) Engine E [mm] F [mm]...

  • Page 162: Space Requirements For Maintenance

    18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide E = Min. distance between engines dependent on common base frame F = Width of the common base frame dependent on width of the generator 18.2 Space requirements for maintenance 18.2.1 Working space reservation The required working space around the engine is mainly determined by the dismounting dimensions of some engine components, as well as space requirement of some special tools.

  • Page 163: Required Deck Area For Service Work

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout 18.4 Required deck area for service work During engine overhaul some deck area is required for cleaning and storing dismantled components. Size of the service area is dependent of the overhauling strategy chosen, e.g. one cylinder at time, one bank at time or the whole engine at time.
  • Page 164 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Service spaces in mm Recommended lifting point sideways for dismantling lubricating oil module and/or 1045 plate cooler Camshaft overhaul distance (free end) 1000 1300 1300 Camshaft overhaul distance (flywheel end) 1000 1300 1300 Space necessary for access to the connection box 1783...
  • Page 165 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 18. Engine Room Layout Service spaces in mm Recommended lifting point sideways for dismantling lubricating oil module and/or 1045 plate cooler Camshaft overhaul distance (free end) 1000 1300 1300 Camshaft overhaul distance (flywheel end) 1000 1300 1300 Space necessery for access to the connection box 1825...
  • Page 166 18. Engine Room Layout Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Service spaces in mm Camshaft overhaul distance (flywheel end) 1000 1300 1300 Space necessary for access to the connection box 1825 Service space for generator 18-6 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...

  • Page 167: Transport Dimensions And Weights

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Transport Dimensions and Weights 19.1 Lifting of engines Fig 19-1 Lifting of main engines (3V83D0285c) Dry sump Wet sump Engine L [mm] A [mm] B [mm] A [mm] B [mm] W 4L20 2600 W 6L20 3200...
  • Page 168 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide Fig 19-2 Lifting of generating sets (3V83D0300c) 19-2 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...

  • Page 169: Engine Components

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights 19.2 Engine components 19.2.1 Turbocharger and cooler inserts Turbocharger Charge air cooler Engine A [mm] B [mm] C [mm] Weight [kg] D [mm] E [mm] G [mm] Weight [kg] W 4L20 W 6L20 1097 W 8L20...
  • Page 170 19. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 19.2.2 Major spare parts Fig 19-3 Major spare parts (4V92L1283b) 19-4 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...

  • Page 171: Product Guide Attachments

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 20. Product Guide Attachments Product Guide Attachments This and other product guides can be accessed on the internet, from the Business Online Portal at www.wartsila.com. Product guides are available both in web and PDF format. Drawings are available in PDF and DXF format, and in near future also as 3D models.
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  • Page 173: Annex

    Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 21. ANNEX ANNEX 21.1 Unit conversion tables The tables below will help you to convert units used in this product guide to other units. Where the conversion factor is not accurate a suitable number of decimals have been used. Length conversion factors Mass conversion factors Convert from...

  • Page 174: Collection Of Drawing Symbols Used In Drawings

    21. ANNEX Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide 21.2 Collection of drawing symbols used in drawings Fig 21-1 List of symbols (DAAE000806c) 21-2 Wärtsilä 20 Product Guide - a13 - 6 September 2016...
  • Page 178 Wärtsilä is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation and total efficiency, Wärtsilä maximises the environmental and economic performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers. Wärtsilä is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki, Finland. WÄRTSILÄ...

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