ABB RED650 Applications Manual
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ABB RED650 Applications Manual

Relion 650 series, line differential protection version 2.2
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R E L I O N ® 650 SERIES
Line differential protection RED650
Version 2.2
Application manual

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Summary of Contents for ABB RED650

  • Page 1 — R E L I O N ® 650 SERIES Line differential protection RED650 Version 2.2 Application manual...
  • Page 3 Document ID: 1MRK 505 393-UEN Issued: March 2018 Revision: B Product version: 2.2 © Copyright 2017 ABB. All rights reserved...
  • Page 4 Copyright This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
  • Page 5 In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the application of the equipment.
  • Page 6 (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Examples on how to connect, configure and set CT inputs for most commonly used CT connections....45 Example on how to connect a star connected three- phase CT set to the IED............46 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 8 Configuration of analog signals..........84 Configuration of output signals..........85 Open CT detection..............85 Setting guidelines................ 86 General settings..............86 Percentage restrained differential operation......87 The 2nd and 5th harmonic analysis........91 Internal/external fault discriminator........92 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 9 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC ....147 Identification................147 Application................. 147 Setting guidelines..............148 Meshed network without parallel line........148 Meshed network with parallel line........150 Directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps OC4PTOC..152 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 10 Equipment protection, such as for motors and generators...190 Disconnected equipment detection........190 Power supply quality ............190 Voltage instability mitigation..........190 Backup protection for power system faults......190 Settings for two step undervoltage protection...... 191 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 11 Rate-of-change of frequency protection SAPFRC ......206 Identification................206 Application................. 206 Setting guidelines..............206 Section 11 Secondary system supervision........209 Current circuit supervision CCSSPVC..........209 Identification................209 Application................. 209 Setting guidelines..............209 Fuse failure supervision FUFSPVC..........210 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 12 ARMode = 3ph, (normal setting for a three-phase shot)..235 ARMode = 1/2/3ph ............... 235 ARMode = 1/2ph , 1-phase or 2-phase reclosing in the first shot................236 ARMode = 1ph+1*2ph, 1-phase or 2-phase reclosing in the first shot................236 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 13 SLGAPC..............267 Identification................267 Application................. 268 Setting guidelines..............268 Selector mini switch VSGAPC............269 Identification................269 Application................. 269 Setting guidelines..............269 Generic communication function for Double Point indication DPGAPC..................270 Identification................270 Application................. 270 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 14 Identification................285 Application................. 285 Current reversal logic............285 Weak-end infeed logic............286 Setting guidelines..............287 Current reversal logic............287 Weak-end infeed logic............287 Local acceleration logic ZCLCPSCH..........288 Identification................288 Application................. 288 Setting guidelines..............288 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 15 Application................. 302 Setting guidelines..............303 Logic for group alarm WRNCALH..........303 Identification................303 Application................303 Setting guidelines..............303 Logic for group indication INDCALH..........303 Identification................303 Application................303 Setting guidelines..............304 Configurable logic blocks..............304 Application................. 304 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 16 Comparator for real inputs - REALCOMP........314 Identification................314 Application................. 314 Setting guidelines..............314 Setting example.................315 Section 15 Monitoring..............317 Measurement..................317 Identification................317 Application................. 317 Zero clamping................319 Setting guidelines..............320 Setting examples..............323 Gas medium supervision SSIMG........... 327 Identification................327 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 17 Connection of analog currents..........346 Limit counter L4UFCNT..............347 Identification................347 Application................. 347 Setting guidelines..............348 Running hour-meter TEILGAPC.............348 Identification................348 Application................. 348 Setting guidelines..............348 Section 16 Metering............... 351 Pulse-counter logic PCFCNT............351 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 18 Loss of communication when used with LDCM....368 Setting examples for IEC/UCA 61850-9-2LE and time synchronization..............373 IEC 61850 quality expander QUALEXP........378 LON communication protocol............379 Application................. 379 MULTICMDRCV and MULTICMDSND........380 Identification................. 381 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 19 Section 21 Basic IED functions............403 IED identifiers TERMINALID............403 Application................. 403 Product information PRODINF............403 Application................. 403 Factory defined settings............404 Measured value expander block RANGE_XP........ 404 Identification................405 Application................. 405 Setting guidelines..............405 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 20 IEC/UCA 61850-9-2LE sampled data........421 Section 22 Requirements............... 423 Current transformer requirements..........423 Current transformer basic classification and requirements..423 Conditions..................425 Fault current................426 Secondary wire resistance and additional load......426 General current transformer requirements........ 427 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 21 SNTP server requirements............. 433 PTP requirements................433 Sample specification of communication requirements for the protection and control terminals in digital telecommunication networks..................433 IEC/UCA 61850-9-2LE Merging unit requirements ....... 434 Section 23 Glossary............... 437 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 23: Section 1 Introduction

    For operate and reset time testing, the default setting values of the function are used if not explicitly stated otherwise. During testing, signals with rated frequency have been injected if not explicitly stated otherwise. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 24: Intended Audience

    PCM600 software. The manual provides instructions on how to set up a PCM600 project and insert IEDs to the project structure. The manual also recommends a sequence for the engineering of Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 25 The guideline can be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase, installation and commissioning phase, and during normal service. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 26: Document Revision History

    IEC: 1MRK 514 012-UEN ANSI: 1MRK 514 012-UUS Cyber security deployment guideline 1MRK 511 421-UEN Connection and Installation components 1MRK 513 003-BEN Test system, COMBITEST 1MRK 512 001-BEN Application guide, Communication set-up 1MRK 505 382-UEN Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 27: Document Symbols And Conventions

    It is important that the user fully complies with all warning and cautionary notices. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 28: Document Conventions

    AGSAL AGSAL SECLLN0 ALMCALH ALMCALH ALMCALH ALTIM ALTIM ALTMS ALTMS ALTRK ALTRK BRCPTOC BRCPTOC BRCPTOC BTIGAPC B16IFCVI BTIGAPC CCPDSC CCRPLD CCPDSC CCRBRF CCRBRF CCRBRF CCSSPVC CCSRDIF CCSSPVC Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 29 LPHD LT3CPDIF LT3CPDIF LT3CGAPC LT3CPDIF LT3CPHAR LT3CPTRC MVGAPC MVGGIO MVGAPC NS4PTOC EF4LLN0 EF4PTRC EF4PTRC EF4RDIR EF4RDIR PH1PTOC GEN4PHAR PH1PTOC OC4PTOC OC4LLN0 GEN4PHAR GEN4PHAR PH3PTOC PH3PTOC PH3PTRC PH3PTRC Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 30 TEIGAPC TEIGGIO TEIGAPC TEILGAPC TEILGGIO TEILGAPC TMAGAPC TMAGGIO TMAGAPC TRPTTR TRPTTR TRPTTR UV2PTUV GEN2LLN0 PH1PTRC PH1PTRC UV2PTUV UV2PTUV VMMXU VMMXU VMMXU VMSQI VMSQI VMSQI VNMMXU VNMMXU VNMMXU Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 31 Edition 2 logical nodes VSGAPC VSGGIO VSGAPC WRNCALH WRNCALH WRNCALH ZCLCPSCH ZCLCPLAL ZCLCPSCH ZCPSCH ZCPSCH ZCPSCH ZCRWPSCH ZCRWPSCH ZCRWPSCH ZCVPSOF ZCVPSOF ZCVPSOF ZMFPDIS ZMFLLN0 PSFPDIS PSFPDIS PSFPDIS ZMFPDIS ZMFPDIS ZMFPTRC ZMFPTRC ZMMMXU ZMMMXU Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 33: Section 2 Application

    General IED application GUID-2E886C66-C954-40F8-9C0E-0BBF4A0A8A54 v3 RED650 is used for the protection, control and monitoring of overhead lines and cables in solidly or impedance earthed networks. It is suitable for the protection of heavily loaded lines and multi-terminal lines where the requirement for fast one- and/or three-phase tripping is wanted.

  • Page 34: Main Protection Functions

    Main protection functions GUID-66BAAD98-851D-4AAC-B386-B38B57718BD2 v13 Table 2: Example of quantities = number of basic instances = option quantities 3-A03 = optional function included in packages A03 (refer to ordering details) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 35: Back-Up Protection Functions

    Breaker failure protection CCPDSC 52PD Pole discordance protection Voltage protection UV2PTUV Two step undervoltage protection OV2PTOV Two step overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV Two step residual overvoltage protection Frequency protection Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 36: Control And Monitoring Functions

    IED commands for IEC 60870-5-103 I103USRCMD Function commands user defined for IEC 60870-5-103 Secondary system supervision CCSSPVC Current circuit supervison FUFSPVC Fuse failure supervision Logic SMPPTRC Tripping logic Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 37 Comparator for integer inputs REALCOMP Comparator for real inputs Table 3: Total number of instances for basic configurable logic blocks Basic configurable logic block Total number of instances GATE PULSETIMER RSMEMORY SRMEMORY TIMERSET Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 38 Measurands user defined signals for IEC 60870-5-103 I103AR Function status auto-recloser for IEC 60870-5-103 I103EF Function status earth-fault for IEC 60870-5-103 I103FLTPROT Function status fault protection for IEC 60870-5-103 Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 39: Communication

    MSTSER DNP3.0 serial master MST1TCP, DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol MST2TCP, MST3TCP, MST4TCP DNPFREC DNP3.0 fault records for TCP/IP and EIA-485 communication protocol IEC 61850-8-1 IEC 61850 Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 40 Binary signal transfer receive/transmit 3/3/6 BinSignRec1_2, BinSignReceive2, BinSignTrans1_1, BinSignTrans1_2, BinSignTransm2 LDCMTRN Transmission of analog data from LDCM LDCMRecBinStat1, Receive binary status from remote LDCM 6/3/3 LDCMRecBinStat2, LDCMRecBinStat3 Scheme communication Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 41: Basic Ied Functions

    Summation block 3 phase ATHSTAT Authority status ATHCHCK Authority check AUTHMAN Authority management FTPACCS FTP access with password GBASVAL Global base values for settings ALTMS Time master supervision ALTIM Time management COMSTATUS Protocol diagnostic Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 42 Parameter setting function for HMI in PCM600 FNKEYMD1– FNKEYMD5 LEDGEN General LED indication part for LHMI OPENCLOSE_LED LHMI LEDs for open and close keys GRP1_LED1– Basic part for CP HW LED indication module GRP1_LED15 GRP2_LED1– GRP2_LED15 GRP3_LED1– GRP3_LED15 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 43: Section 3 Configuration

    The configurations are as far as found necessary provided with application comments to explain why the signals have been connected in the special way. On request, ABB is available to support the re-configuration work, either directly or to do the design checking.
  • Page 44 Section 3 1MRK 505 393-UEN B Configuration RED650 A11 – Single breaker with single phase tripping 12AI (7I+5U) WA2_VT VN MMXU WA1_VT 1→0 SC/VC 5(0→1) 1->0 VN MMXU SMP PTRC SMB RREC SES RSYN Control Control Control Control S CILO...

  • Page 45: Section 4 Analog Inputs

    If a second TRM is used, at least one TRM channel must be configured to get the service values. However, the MU physical channel must be configured to get service values from that channel. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 46: Setting Of The Phase Reference Channel

    ToObject, a positive quantities always flowing towards the protected object and a direction defined as Forward always is looking towards the protected object. The following examples show the principle. 4.2.2.1 Example 1 SEMOD55055-23 v6 Two IEDs used for protection of two objects. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 47: Example 2

    Forward. This means that the protection is looking towards the line. 4.2.2.2 Example 2 SEMOD55055-29 v7 Two IEDs used for protection of two objects and sharing a CT. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 48: Example 3

    CT that is feeding the two IEDs. With these settings, the directional functions of the line protection shall be set to Forward to look towards the line. 4.2.2.3 Example 3 SEMOD55055-35 v7 One IED used to protect two objects. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 49 The CT direction for the current channels to the line protection is set with the line as reference object and the directional functions of the line protection shall be set to Forward to protect the line. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 50 The main CT ratios must also be set. This is done by setting the two parameters CTsec and CTprim for each current channel. For a 1000/1 A CT, the following settings shall be used: • CTprim = 1000 (value in A) • CTsec =1 (value in A). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 51: Examples On How To Connect, Configure And Set Ct Inputs For Most Commonly Used Ct Connections

    CT has typically one of the following values: • • However, in some cases, the following rated secondary currents are used as well: • • The IED fully supports all of these rated secondary values. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 52: Example On How To Connect A Star Connected Three- Phase Ct Set To The Ied

    CT 600/5 SMAI2 BLOCK AI3P Star Connected REVROT ^GRP2L1 ^GRP2L2 ^GRP2L3 ^GRP2N IEC13000002-4-en.vsdx Protected Object IEC13000002 V4 EN-US Figure 10: Star connected three-phase CT set with star point towards the protected object Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 53 GRPL3. If GRP2N is connected, the data reflects the measured value of GRP2N. Another alternative is to have the star point of the three-phase CT set as shown in Figure 11: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 54 IED. A third alternative is to have the residual/neutral current from the three-phase CT set connected to the IED as shown in Figure 11. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 55 6). Depending on the type of functions, which need this current information, more than one preprocessing block might be connected in parallel to these three CT inputs. Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 56: Example How To Connect Delta Connected Three-Phase Ct Set To The Ied

    IED. It gives an overview of the required actions by the user in order to make this measurement available to the built-in protection and control functions in the IED as well. For correct terminal designations, see the connection diagrams valid for the delivered IED. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 57 Section 4 1MRK 505 393-UEN B Analog inputs IL1-IL2 SMAI2 BLOCK AI3P IL2-IL3 REVROT ^GRP2L1 IL3-IL1 ^GRP2L2 ^GRP2L3 ^GRP2N IEC11000027-3-en.vsdx Protected Object IEC11000027 V3 EN-US Figure 13: Delta DAB connected three-phase CT set Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 58 If frequency tracking and compensation is required (this feature is typically required only DFTReference for IEDs installed in the generating stations) then the setting parameters shall be set accordingly. Another alternative is to have the delta connected CT set as shown in figure 14: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 59: Example How To Connect Single-Phase Ct To The Ied

    CT to the IED. It gives an overview of the required actions by the user in order to make this measurement available to the built-in protection and control functions within the IED as well. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 60 IED, which are connected to this preprocessing function block. If frequency tracking and compensation is required (this feature is typically required DFTReference only for IEDs installed in the power plants) then the setting parameters shall be set accordingly. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 61: Relationships Between Setting Parameter Base Current, Ct Rated Primary Current And Minimum Pickup Of A Protection Ied

    The phase-to-phase value can be used even if each channel is connected to a phase-to-earth voltage from the VT. 4.2.4.1 Example SEMOD55055-47 v3 Consider a VT with the following data: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 62: Examples How To Connect, Configure And Set Vt Inputs For Most Commonly Used Vt Connections

    100 V • 110 V • 115 V • 120 V • 230 V The IED fully supports all of these values and most of them will be shown in the following examples. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 63: Examples On How To Connect A Three Phase-To-Earth Connected Vt To The Ied

    For correct terminal designations, see the connection diagrams valid for the delivered IED. SMAI2 BLOCK AI3P REVROT ^GRP2L1 ^GRP2L2 ^GRP2L3 ^GRP2N #Not used IEC06000599-4-en.vsdx IEC06000599 V4 EN-US Figure 17: A Three phase-to-earth connected VT Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 64 Inside the IED, only the ratio of these two parameters is used. It shall be noted that the ratio of the entered values exactly corresponds to ratio of one individual VT. (Equation 2) EQUATION1903 V1 EN-US Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 65: Example On How To Connect A Phase-To-Phase Connected Vt To The Ied

    IED. It shall be noted that this VT connection is only used on lower voltage levels (that is, rated primary voltage below 40 kV). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 66 VTprim =13.8 kV VTsec =120 V Please note that inside the IED only ratio of these two parameters is used. Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 67: Example On How To Connect An Open Delta Vt To The Ied For High Impedance Earthed Or Unearthed Networks

    VT secondary voltage (110/3V in this particular example). Figure gives overview of required actions by the user in order to make this measurement available to the built-in protection and control functions within the IED as well. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 68 AI3P REVROT ^GRP2L1 # Not Used ^GRP2L2 # Not Used ^GRP2L3 # Not Used ^GRP2N +3Uo IEC06000601-4-en.vsdx IEC06000601 V4 EN-US Figure 20: Open delta connected VT in high impedance earthed power system Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 69 If frequency tracking and compensation is required (this feature is typically required only for IEDs installed in the generating stations ) then the setting parameters DFTReference shall be set accordingly. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 70: Example How To Connect The Open Delta Vt To The Ied For Low Impedance Earthed Or Solidly Earthed Power Systems

    VT secondary voltage, that is, 115V or 115/√3V as in this particular example. Figure gives an overview of the actions which are needed to make this measurement available to the built-in protection and control functions within the IED. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 71 # Not Used ^GRP2L1 # Not Used ^GRP2L2 # Not Used ^GRP2L3 +3Uo ^GRP2N IEC06000602-4-en.vsdx IEC06000602 V4 EN-US Figure 21: Open delta connected VT in low impedance or solidly earthed power system Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 72 If frequency tracking and compensation is required (this feature is typically required only for IEDs installed in the generating stations) then the setting parameters DFTReference shall be set accordingly. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 73: Section 5 Local Hmi

    AMU0600442 v15 IEC13000239-3-en.vsd IEC13000239 V3 EN-US Figure 22: Local human-machine interface The LHMI of the IED contains the following elements • Keypad • Display (LCD) • LED indicators • Communication port for PCM600 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 74: Display

    4 Scroll bar (appears when needed) The function key button panel shows on request what actions are possible with the function buttons. Each function button has a LED indication that can be used as a Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 75 Each panel is shown by pressing one of the function buttons or the Multipage button. Pressing the ESC button clears the panel from the display. Both panels have a dynamic width that depends on the label string length. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 76: Leds

    . These LEDs can indicate the status of two arbitrary binary signals by configuring the OPENCLOSE_LED function block. For instance, OPENCLOSE_LED can be connected to a circuit breaker to indicate the breaker open/close status on the LEDs. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 77: Keypad

    The push-buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms, reset indications, provide help and switch between local and remote control mode. The keypad also contains programmable push-buttons that can be configured either as menu shortcut or control buttons. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 78 LHMI keypad with object control, navigation and command push- buttons and RJ-45 communication port 1...5 Function button Close Open Escape Left Down Right Enter Remote/Local Uplink LED Not in use Multipage Menu Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 79: Local Hmi Functionality

    The blocking of functions through the IEC61850 protocol can be reset in Main menu/Test/Reset IEC61850 Mod. The yellow LED changes to either On or Off state depending on the state of operation. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 80: Parameter Management

    Numerical values are presented either in integer or in decimal format with minimum and maximum values. Character strings can be edited character by character. Enumerated values have a predefined set of selectable values. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 81: Front Communication

    Do not connect the IED front port to a LAN. Connect only a single local PC with PCM600 to the front port. It is only intended for temporary use, such as commissioning and testing. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 83: Section 6 Differential Protection

    It is recommended to use the same firmware version as well as hardware version for a specific line differential scheme. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 84: Power Transformers In The Protected Zone

    A current differential protection including power transformers must be compensated for transformer turns ratio and phase shift/vector group. In the line differential function this compensation is made in the software algorithm, which Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 85: Small Power Transformers In A Tap

    HV breaker. In many such applications the back-up protection has been lacking due to the complexity in cost implications to arrange it. Refer also to the setting example below. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 86: Charging Current Compensation

    When enabled, this algorithm will measure the fundamental frequency differential current under steady state undisturbed conditions and then subtract it, making the resulting differential current zero (or Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 87 Thus, the overestimated charging current will not jeopardize stability as can be seen from figure 33, showing the characteristic of line differential protection. In this figure, the considered fault will appear in the section well in the restrain area. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 88: Time Synchronization

    IRIG–B time synchronization is required. 6.1.2.5 Communication channels for line differential protection M12022-69 v7 The line differential protection function uses 64 kbit/s communication channels to exchange telegrams between the line differential protection IEDs. These telegrams Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 89 When sending full information from both local CTs to the remote end, the principle works, but when the two local currents are summed up before Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 90: Configuration Of Analog Signals

    There are two LDCMs each supporting a duplex connection with a remote line end. Thus, the same local current is configured to both LDCMs, while the received currents from the LDCMs are configured separately to the line differential protection function. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 91: Configuration Of Output Signals

    An open CT can only be declared if in the phase where an open CT is suspected, exceeds 10 % of the rated current. The Open Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 92: Setting Guidelines

    Percentage restrained differential analysis • The 2 and 5 harmonic analysis (only if there is a power transformer included in the protected circuit) • Internal/external fault discriminator 6.1.3.1 General settings M12541-93 v3 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 93: Percentage Restrained Differential Operation

    If the parameter Operation is set to Off this IED is switched over to Slave mode and trip is initiated by the remote end IED. The characteristic of the restrained differential function is shown in Figure 39. The restrained characteristic is defined by the settings: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 94 M12541-121 v6 This setting is a multiple of IBase and must take into account the fundamental frequency line charging current, and whether a power transformer is included in the protected zone or not. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 95 In such cases, where the tap (shunt) power transformer's power rating is relatively small in comparison to the normal load of the circuit, connecting the tap power transformer to the voltage source, that Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 96 The fundamental frequency of the inrush current will not be as high as when the power transformer is connected directly to a source with very low internal impedance. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 97: The 2Nd And 5Th Harmonic Analysis

    Transformer inrush currents cause high degrees of the 2 harmonic in the differential current. The default value of 15% is a reliable value to detect power transformer inrush currents. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 98: Internal/External Fault Discriminator

    The setting NegSeqROA is a compromise between the security and dependability of the differential protection. The value NegSeqROA = 60 degrees emphasizes security against dependability. Tests have proven that 60 degrees is a good choice. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 99: Power Transformers In The Protected Zone

    One three-winding transformer or two two-winding transformers can be included in the line protection zone. The alternative with one two-winding transformer in the protected zone is shown in Figure and Figure 42. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 100 One three–winding transformer in the protected zone TraAOnInpCh M12541-239 v6 This parameter is used to indicate that a power transformer is included in the protection zone at current terminal X. This can be either a two-winding transformer Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 101 The rated voltage (kV) of the primary side (line side = high voltage side) of the power transformer B. RatVoltW2TraB M12541-298 v3 The rated voltage (kV) of the secondary side (non-line side = low voltage side) of the power transformer B. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 102 This setting limits the shortest delay when inverse time delay is used. Operation faster than the set value of tMinInv is prevented. If the user-programmable curve is chosen the characteristic of the curve is defined by equation 13. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 103: Settings Examples

    IED 1 IED 2 Current samples from terminal 1 Current samples from terminals 2 and 3 IEC05000534-2-en.vsdx IEC05000534 V2 EN-US Figure 44: Line differential protection with a power transformer in the protected zone Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 104 Transformer A: d-side voltage ClockNumTransA LV d-side lags Y-side by 30 degrees TransfBonInpCh Input currents on the input channels are referred to the high voltage side (note 2) Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 105 (note 6) CrossBlock CrossBlock logic scheme applied (note I2/I1Ratio Second to fundamental harmonic ratio limit I5/I1Ratio Fifth to fundamental harmonic ratio limit NegSeqDiff Internal/external fault discriminator enabled (default) Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 106 IdMinHigh = 2.00 · IBase is justified in this detects the inrush current and prevents a trip. Setting case since the transformer is large. Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 107 Apparent source power at A side: Ss = 1700 MVA • Line impedance from A to tap: Zl = 2.8 Ω • Line impedance from tap to B side: Zl = 1.2 Ω Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 108 190 4 (Equation 22) EQUATION14000036 V1 EN-US Based on the Thevenin equivalent, it is possible to calculate the fault current on the HV side of the transformer: × (Equation 23) EQUATION14000037 V1 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 109 LV side is 14 MVA, and Normal Inverse has k=0.12 to give back-up to outgoing bays' relays which are extremely inverse and selective to remote fuses. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 110 Setting example with two transformers in the protected zone (master- slave differential operation) IEC13000295-2-en.vsdx IEC13000295 V2 EN-US Figure 49: Master- slave differential operation Setting Station A Station B Station C PDIF L3TCPDIF NoOfUsedCTs TraAOnInpCh TraBOnInpCh Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 111 LV sides of the transformers, TraAOnInpCh must be set to 2 and TraBOnInpCh to 3 (channel1 is reserved for local measurement). This is to ensure that proper turn ratio and vector group correction is done. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 113: Section 7 Impedance Protection

    Some hints with respect to distance protection are highlighted below. Solidly earthed networks GUID-6B0F02F4-18ED-415E-8D48-0A1648F7CE00 v2 In solidly earthed systems, the transformer neutrals are connected directly to earth without any impedance between the transformer neutral and earth. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 114 GUID-39CAF169-315E-4E3E-9EE6-28CBF624B90E v5 A network is defined as effectively earthed if the earth-fault factor f is less than 1.4. The earth-fault factor is defined according to equation 29. (Equation 29) EQUATION1268 V4 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 115 The zero sequence voltage (3U ) will have the same magnitude in different places in the network due to low voltage drop distribution. The magnitude of the total fault current can be calculated according to equation32. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 116 For cross-country faults and when using phase preference, it is necessary to make sure that the distance protection is operating in the phase-to- earth loops independently, whenever possible. See guidelines for setting INReleasePE. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 117: Fault Infeed From Remote End

    To handle this phenomenon, the IED has an adaptive built-in algorithm, which compensates the overreach tendency of zone 1 at the exporting end. No settings are required for this feature. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 118: Load Encroachment

    Load encroachment is not a major problem. . ArgLd RLdRv RLdFw IEC09000248-3-en.vsdx IEC09000248 V3 EN-US Figure 54: Load encroachment phenomena and shaped load encroachment characteristic [1] RLdRv=RLdRvFactor*RLdFw Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 119: Short Line Application

    (risk for unwanted trip due to load encroachment is eliminated), see figure 54. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 120: Parallel Line Application With Mutual Coupling

    The possibility of different setting values that influence the earth-return compensation for different distance zones within the same group of setting parameters. • Different groups of setting parameters for different operating conditions of a protected multi circuit line. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 121 Z< Z< IEC09000250_1_en.vsd IEC09000250 V1 EN-US Figure 55: Class 1, parallel line in service The equivalent circuit of the lines can be simplified, see figure 56. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 122 A to B on the parallel line for the case when the fault current infeed from remote line end is zero, the voltage U in the faulty phase at A side as in equation 39. = ⋅ p ZI ⋅ ⋅ (Equation 39) IECEQUATION1278 V2 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 123 Parallel line out of service and earthed GUID-574F8EE5-EAEC-40B8-A615-FDAD2808CD6D v1 GUID-8EB3A8EF-119D-4530-8F01-0879A7478E1F v1 Z< Z< IEC09000251_1_en.vsd IEC09000251 V1 EN-US Figure 57: The parallel line is out of service and earthed Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 124   ⋅       (Equation 44) DOCUMENT11520-IMG3502 V2 EN-US   ⋅  −      (Equation 45) DOCUMENT11520-IMG3503 V2 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 125 A are equal to equation equation 48. × × + × × + × Re( ) 0 (2 0 ( 0 2 (Equation 47) EQUATION1285 V1 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 126: Tapped Line Application

    (at least 10%) in the middle of the protected circuit. 7.1.2.7 Tapped line application GUID-740E8C46-45EE-4CE8-8718-9FAE658E9FCE v1 GUID-7AA566A4-B6E9-41A7-9927-4DAB50BE8D1A v1 IEC09000160-3-en.vsd IEC09000160 V3 EN-US Figure 61: Example of tapped line with Auto transformer Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 127 1 settings, that is, without selectivity conflicts. Careful fault calculations are necessary to determine suitable settings and selection of proper scheme communication. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 128: Setting Guidelines

    5-10% of the total line impedance. • The effect of a load transfer between the IEDs of the protected fault resistance is considerable, the effect must be recognized. • Zero-sequence mutual coupling from parallel lines. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 129: Setting Of Zone 1

    If a fault occurs at point F see figure 62, the IED at point A senses the impedance:     ⋅ ⋅  ⋅  ⋅       (Equation 54) EQUATION302 V5 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 130: Setting Of Reverse Zone

    GUID-8A62367C-2636-4EC1-90FF-397A51F586F7 v1 With reference to section "Parallel line applications", the zone reach can be set to 85% of the protected line. However, influence of mutual impedance has to be taken into account. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 131 Set the values of the corresponding zone (zero-sequence resistance and reactance) equal to: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 132: Setting The Reach With Respect To Load

    See figure In this context, the main examples of normal operation are reactive load from reactive power compensation equipment or the capacitive charging of a long high-voltage power line. XLd needs Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 133: Zone Reach Setting Lower Than Minimum Load Impedance

    As a safety margin, it is required to avoid load encroachment under three-phase conditions. To guarantee correct, healthy phase IED operation under combined heavy three-phase load and earth faults, [2] RLdRv=RLdRvFactor*RLdFw [3] RLdRv=RLdRvFactor*RLdFw Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 134 ZMRPSB is activated in the IED. Use an additional safety margin of approximately 20% in cases when a ZMRPSB function is activated in the IED, refer to the description of Power swing detection function ZMRPSB. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 135: Zone Reach Setting Higher Than Minimum Load Impedance

    Should one phase of a parallel circuit open a single pole, even though there is no fault, and the load current of that phase increase, there is actually no way of distinguish this from a real fault with similar characteristics. Should this [4] RLdRv=RLdRvFactor*RLdFw Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 136: Other Settings

    Z1, Z2 and ZRV is fixed). The options are Non-directional, Forward or Reverse. The result from respective set value is illustrated in figure64, where the positive impedance corresponds to the direction out on the protected line. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 137 TimerModeZx, ZoneLinkStart and TimerLinksZx The logic for the linking of the timer settings can be described with a module diagram. The figure shows only the case when TimerModeZx is selected to Ph- Ph and Ph-E. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 138 CVTs with power electronic damping devices, or if the type cannot be identified at all. None This option should be selected if the voltage transformer is fully magnetic. (Magnetic) INReleasePE Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 139: Zmmmxu Settings

    ENUMERATED (normal, high, low, high-high and low-low) in ZMFPDIS.ZMMMXU. ZLimHys Hysteresis value in % of range (ZMax-ZMin), common for all limits. It is used to avoid the frequent update of the value for the attribute “range”. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 140: Power Swing Detection Zmrpsb

    66. This locus can enter the operating characteristic of a distance protection and cause, if no preventive measures have been considered, its unwanted operation. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 141: Basic Characteristics

    IEDs. 7.2.3 Setting guidelines SEMOD52042-5 v5 Setting guidelines are prepared in the form of a setting example for the protected power line as part of a two-machine system presented in figure 67. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 142 Rated secondary current of current transformers used EQUATION1327 V1 EN-US Positive sequence line impedance 10.71 75.6 EQUATION1328 V1 EN-US Positive sequence source impedance behind A bus 1.15 43.5 EQUATION1329 V1 EN-US Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 143 The calculated value of the system impedance is of informative nature and helps in determining the position of the oscillation center, see figure 68, which is for a general case calculated according to equation 79. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 144 EQUATION1340 V1 EN-US In particular cases, when (Equation 80) EQUATION1342 V1 EN-US The center of oscillation resides on the impedance point according to equation 81. 7.43 33.9 (Equation 81) EQUATION1341 V1 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 145 400 kV: • = 0.9 for lines longer than 150 km • = 0.85 for lines between 80 and 150 km • = 0.8 for lines shorter than 80 km Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 146 Since it is not possible to further increase the external load angle δ , it is necessary to reduce the inner boundary of the oscillation detection characteristic. The minimum required value is calculated according to the procedure listed in equation 87, 88, and 90. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 147 FRPSPDIS) to the value equal to or less than the calculated value RLdInFw. It is at the same time necessary to adjust the load angle in FDPSPDIS or FRPSPDIS to follow the condition presented in equation 92. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 148 The tR2 inhibit timer disables the output START signal from ZMRPSB function, if the measured impedance remains within ZMRPSB operating area for a time longer than the set tR2 value. This time delay was usually set to approximately two seconds in older power-swing devices. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 149: Automatic Switch Onto Fault Logic Zcvpsof

    When the voltage transformers are situated on the bus side, the automatic switch onto fault detection based on dead-line detection is not possible. In such cases the deadline detection is bypassed using the breaker closing status and the switch onto fault logic is activated. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 150: Setting Guidelines

    IPh< and UPh< levels. Otherwise, the logic is activated by an external BC input. tSOTF: the drop delay of ZCVPSOF is, by default, set to 1.0 seconds, which is suitable for most applications. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 151 The time delay for the START_DLYD input to activate TRIP when Mode is set to Impedance or UILvl&Imp is, by default, set to 0.03 seconds. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 153: Section 8 Current Protection

    (and relay) point, for which very high fault currents are characteristic. The instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC can operate in 10 ms for faults characterized by very high currents. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 154: Setting Guidelines

    The following fault calculations have to be done for three-phase, single-phase-to- earth and two-phase-to-earth faults. With reference to Figure 69, apply a fault in B and then calculate the current through-fault phase current I . The calculation Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 155 5% for the maximum possible transient overreach have to be introduced. An additional 20% is suggested due to the inaccuracy of the instrument transformers under transient conditions and inaccuracy in the system data. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 156: Meshed Network With Parallel Line

    A fault in C has to be applied, and then the maximum current seen from the IED ) on the healthy line (this applies for single-phase-to-earth and two-phase-to- earth faults) is calculated. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 157 The IED setting value IP>> is given in percentage of the primary base current value, IBase. The value for IP>> is given from this formula: >>= × IBase (Equation 100) EQUATION1147 V3 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 158: Directional Phase Overcurrent Protection, Four Steps Oc4Ptoc

    The selectivity between different overcurrent protections is normally enabled by co-ordination between the function time delays of the different protections. To enable optimal co-ordination between all overcurrent Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 159: Setting Guidelines

    The parameters for the directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps OC4PTOC are set via the local HMI or PCM600. The following settings can be done for OC4PTOC. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 160 7% of IB. 2ndHarmStab: Operate level of 2nd harmonic current restrain set in % of the fundamental current. The setting range is 5 - 100% in steps of 1%. The default setting is 20%. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 161: Settings For Each Step

    DirModex: The directional mode of step x. Possible settings are Off/Non- directional/Forward/Reverse. Characteristx: Selection of time characteristic for step x. Definite time delay and different types of inverse time characteristics are available according to Table 15. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 162 ANSI reset characteristic according to standard. If IMinx is set above Ix> for any step the ANSI reset works as if current is zero when current drops below IMinx. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 163 The delay characteristics are described in Technical manual. There are some restrictions regarding the choice of the reset delay. For the definite time delay characteristics, the possible delay time setting instantaneous (1) and IEC (2 = set constant time reset). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 164: Setting Example

    The protection reset current must also be considered so that a short peak of overcurrent does not cause the operation of a protection even when the overcurrent has ceased. This phenomenon is described in Figure 75. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 165 The maximum load current on the line has to be estimated. There is also a demand that all faults within the zone that the protection shall cover must be detected by the phase overcurrent protection. The minimum fault current Iscmin to be detected by Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 166 This is mostly used in the case of inverse time overcurrent protection. Figure shows how the time-versus-current curves are plotted in a diagram. The time setting is chosen to get the shortest fault time with maintained selectivity. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 167 These time delays can vary significantly between different protective equipment. The following time delays can be estimated: Protection operation 15-60 ms time: Protection resetting time: 15-60 ms Breaker opening time: 20-120 ms Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 168 There are uncertainties in the values of protection operation time, breaker opening time and protection resetting time. Therefore a safety margin has to be included. With normal values the needed time difference can be calculated according to Equation 106. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 169: Instantaneous Residual Overcurrent Protection Efpioc

    Some guidelines for the choice of setting parameter for EFPIOC is given. M12762-6 v8 Common base IED values for primary current (IBase), primary voltage (UBase) and primary power (SBase) are set in the global base values for settings function GBASVAL. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 170 The function shall not operate for any of the calculated currents to the protection. The minimum theoretical current setting (Imin) will be:    in MAX I (Equation 107) EQUATION284 V2 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 171 = 1.3 × I (Equation 110) EQUATION288 V3 EN-US The IED setting value IN>> is given in percent of the primary base current value, IBase. The value for IN>> is given by the formula: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 172: Identification

    51N_67N 4(IN>) protection, four steps TEF-REVA V2 EN-US 8.4.2 Application M12509-12 v10 The directional residual overcurrent protection, four steps EF4PTOC is used in several applications in the power system. Some applications are: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 173 Curve name ANSI Extremely Inverse ANSI Very Inverse ANSI Normal Inverse ANSI Moderately Inverse ANSI/IEEE Definite time ANSI Long Time Extremely Inverse ANSI Long Time Very Inverse Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 174: Setting Guidelines

    Thus, if only the inverse time delay is required, it is important to set the definite time delay for that stage to zero. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 175: Common Settings For All Steps

    IEC05000135-5-en.vsdx IEC05000135 V5 EN-US Figure 81: Relay characteristic angle given in degree In a normal transmission network a normal value of RCA is about 65°. The setting range is -180° to +180°. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 176: 2Nd Harmonic Restrain

    This will give a declining residual current in the network, as the inrush current is deviating between the phases. There is a risk that the residual overcurrent function will give an unwanted trip. The inrush current has a relatively large ratio of 2nd Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 177: Parallel Transformer Inrush Current Logic

    Also the same current setting as this step is chosen for the blocking at parallel transformer energizing. The settings for the parallel transformer logic are described below. BlkParTransf: This is used to On blocking at energising of parallel transformers. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 178: Switch Onto Fault Logic

    The function can be activated by Circuit breaker position (change) or Circuit breaker command. tUnderTime: Time delay for operation of the sensitive undertime function. The setting range is 0.000 - 60.000 s in step of 0.001 s. The default setting is 0.300 s Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 179: Settings For Each Step (X = 1, 2, 3 And 4)

    IMinx: Minimum operate current for step x in % of IB. Set IMinx below INx> for every step to achieve ANSI reset characteristic according to standard. If IMinx is set above INx> for any step, signal will reset at current equals to zero. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 180 HarmBlockx: This is used to enable block of step x from 2 harmonic restrain function. tPCrvx, tACrvx, tBCrvx, tCCrvx: Parameters for user programmable of inverse time characteristic curve. The time characteristic equation is according to equation 112: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 181: Line Application Example

    The polarizing voltage and current can be internally generated when a three-phase set of voltage transformers and current transformers are used. IN> IEC05000149-2-en.vsdx IEC05000149 V2 EN-US Figure 84: Connection of polarizing voltage from an open delta Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 182 As a consequence of the distribution of zero sequence current in the power system, the current to the protection might be larger if one line out from the remote busbar is taken out of service, see Figure 86. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 183 IEC05000152 V2 EN-US Figure 87: Step 1, third calculation In this case the residual current out on the line can be larger than in the case of earth fault on the remote busbar. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 184 To assure selectivity the current setting must be chosen so that step 2 does not operate at step 2 for faults on the next line from the remote substation. Consider a fault as shown in Figure 89. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 185 IEC05000156 V3 EN-US Figure 90: Step 3, Selectivity calculation ³ × × step3 step2 (Equation 118) EQUATION1204 V4 EN-US where: is the chosen current setting for step 2 on the faulted line. step2 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 186: Thermal Overload Protection, One Time Constant, Celsius

    If the current exceeds this level the losses will be higher than expected. As a consequence the temperature of the conductors will increase. If the temperature of the lines and cables reaches too high values the equipment might be damaged: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 187: Setting Guideline

    These values are given for conditions such as earth temperature, ambient air temperature, way of laying of cable and earth thermal resistivity. From manuals for overhead conductor temperatures and corresponding current is given. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 188: Breaker Failure Protection Ccrbrf

    Instead a breaker failure protection is used. Breaker failure protection, 3-phase activation and output (CCRBRF) will issue a back-up trip command to adjacent circuit breakers in case of failure to trip of the Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 189: Setting Guidelines

    CB Pos Check (circuit breaker position check) and Contact means re-trip is done when circuit breaker is closed (breaker position is used). No CBPos Check means re-trip is done without any check of breaker position. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 190 Also in effectively earthed systems the setting of the earth-fault current protection can be chosen to relatively low current level. The Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 191 It is often required that the total fault clearance time shall be less than a given critical time. This time is often dependent of the ability to maintain transient stability in case of a fault close to a power plant. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 192: Pole Discordance Protection Ccpdsc

    Trip pulse duration. This setting must be larger than the critical impulse time of circuit breakers to be tripped from the breaker failure protection. Typical setting is 200 ms. Pole discordance protection CCPDSC IP14516-1 v5 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 193: Identification

    The following settings can be done for the pole discordance protection. GlobalBaseSel: Selects the global base value group used by the function to define IBase, UBase and SBase as applicable. Operation: Off or On Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 194 This is due to the existence of low impedance current paths in the switch yard. This phenomenon must be considered in the setting of the parameter. CurrRelLevel: Current magnitude for release of the function in % of IBase. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 195: Section 9 Voltage Protection

    Disconnect apparatuses, like electric motors, which will be damaged when subject to service under low voltage conditions. The function has a high measuring accuracy and a settable hysteresis to allow applications to control reactive load. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 196: Setting Guidelines

    9.1.3.5 Backup protection for power system faults M13851-62 v3 The setting must be below the lowest occurring "normal" voltage and above the highest occurring voltage during the fault conditions under consideration. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 197: Settings For Two Step Undervoltage Protection

    When using inverse time characteristic for the undervoltage function during very low voltages can give a short operation time. This might lead to unselective tripping. By setting t1Min longer than the operation time for other protections, such unselective tripping can be avoided. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 198: Two Step Overvoltage Protection Ov2Ptov

    Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV IP14545-1 v3 9.2.1 Identification M17002-1 v8 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification device number Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV 3U> SYMBOL-C-2U-SMALLER-THAN V2 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 199: Application

    The same also applies to the associated equipment, its voltage and time characteristic. There are wide applications where general overvoltage functions are used. All voltage related settings are made as a percentage of a settable base primary voltage, Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 200: Equipment Protection, Such As For Motors, Generators, Reactors And Transformers

    The following settings can be done for the two step overvoltage protection M13852-22 v10 ConnType: Sets whether the measurement shall be phase-to-earth fundamental value, phase-to-phase fundamental value, phase-to-earth RMS value or phase-to- phase RMS value. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 201 The speed might be important for example in case of protection of transformer that might be overexcited. The time delay must be co- ordinated with other automated actions in the system. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 202 If the function is used as control for automatic switching of reactive compensation devices the hysteresis must be set smaller than the voltage change after switching of the compensation device. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 203: Two Step Residual Overvoltage Protection Rov2Ptov

    The time delay for ROV2PTOV is seldom critical, since residual voltage is related to earth faults in a high-impedance earthed system, and enough time must normally be given for the primary protection to clear the fault. In some more specific Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 204: Equipment Protection, Such As For Motors, Generators, Reactors And Transformersequipment Protection For Transformers

    The two healthy phases will measure full phase-to- phase voltage, as the faulty phase will be connected to earth. The residual overvoltage will be three times the phase-to-earth voltage. See figure 92. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 205: Direct Earthed System

    The residual sum will have the same value as the remaining phase-to-earth voltage, which is shown in Figure 93. IEC07000189-2-en.vsd IEC07000189 V2 EN-US Figure 93: Earth fault in Direct earthed system Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 206: Settings For Two Step Residual Overvoltage Protection

    The setting is highly dependent on the protection application. In many applications, the protection function has the task to prevent damage to the protected object. The speed might be important, for Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 207 Make sure that the set value for parameter HystABSn is somewhat smaller than the set pickup value. Otherwise there is a risk that step n will not reset properly. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 209: Section 10 Frequency Protection

    M13355-3 v8 All the frequency and voltage magnitude conditions in the system where SAPTUF performs its functions should be considered. The same also applies to the associated equipment, its frequency and time characteristic. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 210: Overfrequency Protection Saptof

    10.2 Overfrequency protection SAPTOF IP15747-1 v3 10.2.1 Identification M14866-1 v4 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Overfrequency protection SAPTOF f > SYMBOL-O V1 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 211: Application

    In smaller systems the frequency START level has to be set at a higher value, and the time delay must be rather short. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 212: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection Sapfrc

    SAPFRC is normally used together with an overfrequency or underfrequency function, in small power systems, where a single event can cause a large imbalance Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 213 - up to 3 Hz/s has been experienced when a small island was isolated from a large system. For more "normal" severe disturbances in large power systems, rate-of-change of frequency is much less, most often just a fraction of 1.0 Hz/s. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 215: Section 11 Secondary System Supervision

    11.1.3 Setting guidelines M12397-17 v8 GlobalBaseSel: Selects the global base value group used by the function to define IBase, UBase and SBase as applicable. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 216: Fuse Failure Supervision Fufspvc

    These solutions are combined to get the best possible effect in the fuse failure supervision function (FUFSPVC). FUFSPVC function built into the IED products can operate on the basis of external binary signals from the miniature circuit breaker or from the line disconnector. The Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 217: Setting Guidelines

    We propose a setting of approximately 70% of UBase. The drop off time of 200 ms for dead phase detection makes it recommended to always set SealIn to On since this will secure a fuse failure indication at persistent Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 218: Negative Sequence Based

    The setting of the current limit 3I2< is in percentage of parameter IBase. The setting of 3I2< must be higher than the normal unbalance current that might exist in the system and can be calculated according to equation 126. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 219: Zero Sequence Based

    11.2.3.5 Delta U and delta I GUID-02336F26-98C0-419D-8759-45F5F12580DE v7 Set the operation mode selector OpDUDI to On if the delta function shall be in operation. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 220: Dead Line Detection

    (mutual coupling to the other phases). Set the UDLD< with a sufficient margin below the minimum expected operating voltage. A safety margin of at least 15% is recommended. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 221: Section 12 Control

    FreqDiffMin. If the frequency is less than FreqDiffMin the synchrocheck is used and the value of FreqDiffMin must thus be identical to the value FreqDiffM resp FreqDiffA for synchrocheck function. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 222 If needed an additional phase angle adjustment can be done for selected line voltage with the PhaseShift setting. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 223: Synchrocheck

    In steady conditions a bigger phase angle difference can be allowed as this is sometimes the case in a long and loaded parallel power line. For this application we accept a synchrocheck Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 224: Energizing Check

    The output is given only when the actual measured conditions match the set conditions. Figure shows two substations, where one (1) is energized and the other (2) is not energized. The line Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 225: Voltage Selection

    The voltage selection function is used for the connection of appropriate voltages to the synchrocheck, synchronizing and energizing check functions. For example, when the IED is used in a double bus arrangement, the voltage that should be Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 226: External Fuse Failure

    (B16I). If the PSTO input is used, connected to the Local-Remote switch on the local HMI, the choice can also be from the station HMI system, typically ABB Microscada through IEC 61850–8–1 communication. The connection example for selection of the manual energizing mode is shown in figure 97.

  • Page 227: Application Examples

    The input used below in example are typical and can be changed by use of configuration and signal matrix tools. The SESRSYN and connected SMAI function block instances must have the same cycle time in the application configuration. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 228: Single Circuit Breaker With Single Busbar

    The voltage from busbar VT is connected to U3PBB1 and the voltage from the line VT is connected to U3PLN1. The conditions of the VT fuses shall also be connected as shown above. The voltage selection parameter CBConfig is set to No voltage sel. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 229: Single Circuit Breaker With Double Busbar, External Voltage Selection

    LINE_MCB UB2OK WA2_MCB UB2FF ULN1OK LINE_MCB ULN1FF LINE_VT LINE IEC10000095-6-en.vsd IEC10000095 V4 EN-US Figure 100: Connection of the SESRSYN function block in a single breaker, double busbar arrangement with internal voltage selection Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 230: Setting Guidelines

    SelPhaseLine1 and SelPhaseLine2 Configuration parameters for selecting the measuring phase of the voltage for line 1 and 2 respectively, which can be a single-phase (phase-neutral), two-phase (phase-phase) or a positive sequence voltage. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 231 Setting of the voltage difference between the line voltage and the bus voltage. The difference is set depending on the network configuration and expected voltages in the two networks running asynchronously. A normal setting is 0.10-0.15 p.u. FreqDiffMin Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 232 The setting tMaxSynch is set to reset the operation of the synchronizing function if the operation does not take place within this time. The setting must allow for the setting of FreqDiffMin, which will decide how long it will take maximum to reach Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 233 45 degrees, whereas in most networks the maximum occurring angle is below 25 degrees. The PhaseDiffM setting is a limitation to PhaseDiffA setting. Fluctuations occurring at high speed autoreclosing limit PhaseDiffA setting. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 234 40% of the base voltages. A disconnected line can have a considerable potential due to, for instance, induction from a line running in parallel, or by being fed Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 235: Autorecloser For 1 Phase, 2 Phase And/Or 3 Phase Operation Smbrrec

    Thus, a certain dead time with a de- energized line is necessary. Line service can then be resumed by automatic Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 236 A somewhat longer dead time may be required for single-phase reclosing compared to high-speed three-phase reclosing. This is due to the influence on the fault arc from the voltage and the current in the non-faulted phases. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 237 The mode of automatic reclosing varies however. Single-shot and multi-shot are in use. The first shot can have a short delay, HSAR, or a longer delay, DAR. The second and following Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 238 This provides a fail safe connection so that even a failure in the IED with the auto recloser will mean that the other sub-system will start a three-phase trip. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 239: Auto Reclosing Operation Off And On

    A number of conditions need to be fulfilled for the start to be accepted and a new auto reclosing cycle to be started. They are linked to dedicated inputs. The inputs are: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 240: Start Auto Reclosing From Circuit Breaker Open Information

    There is also a separate time setting facility for three-phase high-speed auto reclosing without synchrocheck, t1 3PhHS, available for use when required. It is activated by the STARTHS input. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 241: Long Trip Signal

    Single-phase, two-phase or three-phase auto reclosing first shot, followed by 3- phase auto reclosing shots, if selected. Here, the auto recloser is assumed to be "On" and "Ready". The circuit breaker is closed and the operation gear ready Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 242: Armode = 1/2Ph , 1-Phase Or 2-Phase Reclosing In The First Shot

    No more shots are attempted. If the first trip is a three-phase trip, the auto-reclosing will be inhibited. No more shots are attempted. The expression “1*2ph” should be understood as “Only one shot at two-phase auto reclosing”. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 243: Armode = 1/2Ph + 1*3Ph, 1-Phase, 2-Phase Or 3-Phase Reclosing In The First Shot

    Type of reclosing shots at different settings of ARMode or integer inputs to MODEINT MODEINT (integer) ARMode Type of fault 1st shot 2nd-5th shot 1/2/3ph 1/2ph ..1ph + 1*2ph ....1/2ph + 1*3ph ..1ph + 1*2/3ph ..Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 244: External Selection Of Auto Reclosing Mode

    Transient fault M12391-208 v4 After the breaker closing command the reclaim timer keeps running for the set tReclaim time. If no start (trip) occurs within this time, the auto recloser will reset. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 245: Permanent Fault And Reclosing Unsuccessful Signal

    (normally not as no auto closing attempt has been given) In Figures the logic shows how a closing lock-out logic can be designed with the lock-out relay as an external relay alternatively with the lock-out Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 246: Evolving Fault

    At the evolving fault clearance there will be a new START signal and three-phase trip information, TR3P. The single-phase auto reclosing sequence will then be stopped, and instead the timer, t1 3Ph, for three-phase auto Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 247: Automatic Continuation Of The Auto Reclosing Sequence

    BLKON input or by an unsuccessful auto reclosing attempt if the BlockByUnsucCl setting is set to On. BLKON Used to block the auto recloser, for example, when certain special service conditions arise. When used, blocking must be reset with BLKOFF. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 248 Used to reset the auto recloser to start conditions. Possible hold by thermal overload protection will be reset. Circuit breaker position will be checked and time settings will be restarted with their set times. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 249 Signals for two-phase and three-phase trip. They are usually connected to the corresponding output of the trip function block. They control the choice of dead time and the auto reclosing cycle according to the selected program. Signal TR2P Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 250 ACTIVE Indicates that the auto recloser is active, from start until end of reclaim time. BLOCKED Indicates that auto recloser is temporarily or permanently blocked. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 251 SUCCL If the circuit breaker closing command is given and the circuit breaker is closed within the set time interval tUnsucCl, the SUCCL output is activated after the set time interval tSuccessful. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 252 3PT1 ZCVPSOF-TRIP TRSOTF 3PT2 3PT3 THOLHOLD 3PT4 TR2P 3PT5 TRUE TR3P SESRSYN-AUTOOK SYNC WAIT RSTCOUNT WFMASTER =IEC04000135=5=en=Original.vsd IEC04000135 V5 EN-US Figure 105: Example of I/O-signal connections at a three-phase auto reclosing sequence Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 253: Auto Recloser Settings

    IO or communication ports. ARMode: There are six different possibilities in the selection of auto reclosing programs. The type of auto reclosing used for different kinds of faults depends on Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 254 Every new increase of the shot number needs a new activation of the ZONESTEP input. The setting NoOfShots limits of course the possibility to increase the shot number. This functionality is controlled by the setting ZoneSeqCoord. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 255 O – 0.3sec – CO – 3min – CO. However the 3 minute (180 s) recovery time is usually not critical as fault levels are mostly lower than rated value Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 256 A time extension delay, tExtended t1, can be added to the dead time delay for the first shot. It is intended to come into use if the communication channel for permissive line protection is lost. The communication link in a Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 257: Apparatus Control

    12.3 Apparatus control IP14560-1 v3 12.3.1 Application M13443-4 v14 The apparatus control is a functionality for control and supervising of circuit breakers, disconnectors, and earthing switches within a bay. Permission to operate Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 258 Selection and supervision of operator place • Command supervision • Block/deblock of operation • Block/deblock of updating of position indications • Substitution of position indications • Overriding of interlocking functions • Overriding of synchrocheck Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 259 GOOSE receive for switching device GOOSEXLNRCV • Proxy for signals from switching device via GOOSE XLNPROXY The extension of the signal flow and the usage of the GOOSE communication are shown in Figure 109. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 260 IEC 61850 -QB1 QCBAY SXCBR SCSWI SXCBR -QA1 SXCBR SCILO -QB9 IEC17000061=1=en=Orignal.ai IEC17000061 V1 EN-US Figure 108: Signal flow between apparatus control function blocks when all functions are situated within the IED Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 261 IED, then the local/remote switch is under authority control, otherwise the default user can perform control operations from the local IED HMI without logging in. The default position of the local/remote switch is on remote. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 262: Bay Control Qcbay

    The Bay control (QCBAY) is used to handle the selection of the operator place per bay. The function gives permission to operate from two main types of locations either from Remote (for example, control centre or station HMI) or from Local Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 263: Switch Controller Scswi

    SCSWI may handle and operate on one three-phase device or three one-phase switching devices. After the selection of an apparatus and before the execution, the switch controller performs the following checks and actions: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 264: Switches Sxcbr

    Substitution of position indication • Supervision timer that the primary device starts moving after a command • Supervision of allowed time for intermediate position • Definition of pulse duration for open/close command respectively Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 265: Proxy For Signals From Switching Device Via Goose Xlnproxy

    XLNPROXY function, their usage is controlled by the connection of each data’s signal input and valid input. These connections are usually from the GOOSEXLNRCV function (see Figure and Figure 112). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 266 Section 12 1MRK 505 393-UEN B Control IEC16000071 V1 EN-US Figure 111: Configuration with XLNPROXY and GOOSEXLNRCV where all the IEC 61850 modelled data is used, including selection Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 267 SCSWI function. This cause is also shown on the output L_CAUSE as indicated in the following table: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 268: Interaction Between Modules

    • The logical node Interlocking (SCILO) provides the information to SCSWI whether it is permitted to operate due to the switchyard topology. The Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 269 (energizing-check) is included. • The Generic Automatic Process Control function, GAPC, handles generic commands from the operator to the system. The overview of the interaction between these functions is shown in Figure below. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 270: Setting Guidelines

    Figure 113: Example overview of the interactions between functions in a typical 12.3.7 Setting guidelines M16669-3 v5 The setting parameters for the apparatus control function are set via the local HMI or PCM600. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 271: Bay Control (Qcbay)

    When the time has expired, the control function is reset, and a cause-code is given. tSynchrocheck is the allowed time for the synchrocheck function to fulfill the close conditions. When the time has expired, the function tries to start the synchronizing Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 272: Switch (Sxcbr)

    If AdaptivePulse is set to Adaptive, it is the maximum length of the output pulse for an open command. The default length is set to 200 ms for a circuit breaker (SXCBR). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 273: Proxy For Signals From Switching Device Via Goose Xlnproxy

    Logic rotating switch for function selection and LHMI presentation SLGAPC SEMOD114936-1 v5 12.4.1 Identification SEMOD167845-2 v3 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Logic rotating switch for function SLGAPC selection and LHMI presentation Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 274: Application

    Disabled, when pressing UP while on first position, the switch will jump to the last position; when pressing DOWN at the last position, the switch will jump to the first position; when set to Enabled, no jump will be allowed. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 275: Selector Mini Switch Vsgapc

    SA system as well. 12.5.3 Setting guidelines SEMOD158807-4 v4 Selector mini switch (VSGAPC) function can generate pulsed or steady commands (by setting the Mode parameter). When pulsed commands are generated, the length Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 276: Generic Communication Function For Double Point Indication Dpgapc

    POSITION will be updated as the time when DPGAPC function detects the change. Refer to Table for the description of the input-output relationship in terms of the value and the quality attributes. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 277: Setting Guidelines

    ALL operator positions, the only functional position usable with the SPC8GAPC function block is REMOTE. 12.7.3 Setting guidelines SEMOD176518-4 v7 The parameters for the single point generic control 8 signals (SPC8GAPC) function are set via the local HMI or PCM600. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 278: Automationbits, Command Function For Dnp3.0 Autobits

    12.8.3 Setting guidelines SEMOD158639-5 v3 AUTOBITS function block has one setting, (Operation: On/Off) enabling or disabling the function. These names will be seen in the DNP3 communication management tool in PCM600. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 279: Single Command, 16 Signals Singlecmd

    Close CB1 CMDOUTy OUTy User- & defined conditions Synchro- check en04000206.vsd IEC04000206 V2 EN-US Figure 115: Application example showing a logic diagram for control of a circuit breaker via configuration logic circuits Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 280 Configuration logic circuits SINGLESMD Device 1 CMDOUTy OUTy & User- defined conditions en04000208.vsd IEC04000208 V2 EN-US Figure 117: Application example showing a logic diagram for control of external devices via configuration logic circuits Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 281: Setting Guidelines

    0 to 1. That means the configured logic connected to the command function block may not have a cycle time longer than the cycle time for the command function block. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 283: Section 13 Scheme Communication

    (overreaching and underreaching) • unblocking scheme and direct intertrip A permissive scheme is inherently faster and has better security against false tripping than a blocking scheme. On the other hand, a permissive scheme depend Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 284: Blocking Schemes

    Z rev TRIP = OR + tCoord+ CR Z rev IEC09000015_2_en.vsd IEC09000015 V2 EN-US Figure 118: Principle of blocking scheme Overreaching Communication signal received Communication signal send Z rev : Reverse zone Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 285: Delta Blocking Scheme

    IEC11000252 V1 EN-US Figure 119: Principle of delta blocking scheme Overreaching Communication signal received Communication signal send deltaA: Delta based fault inception detection on A side that gets inhibited for forward faults Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 286: Permissive Schemes

    Therefore set the timer tCoord to zero. Failure of the communication channel does not affect the selectivity, but delays tripping at one end(s) for certain fault locations. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 287 The send signal (CS) might be issued in parallel both from an overreaching zone and an underreaching, independent tripping zone. The CS signal from the overreaching zone must not be prolonged while the CS signal from zone 1 can be prolonged. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 288: Intertrip Scheme

    In some power system applications, there is a need to trip the remote end breaker immediately from local protections. This applies for instance when transformers or reactors are connected to the system without circuit-breakers or for remote tripping following operation of breaker failure protection. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 289: Setting Guidelines

    Restart if Unblocking scheme with alarm for loss of guard is to be used) Set to tSecurity = 0.035 s 13.1.3.2 Delta blocking scheme GUID-F4359690-F433-46CB-A173-8C14559E3FCF v1 Operation SchemeType DeltaBlocking tCoord = 0 s tSendMin = 0 s Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 290: Permissive Underreaching Scheme

    NoRestart if only trip is required) tSecurity = 0.035 s 13.1.3.6 Intertrip scheme M13869-62 v5 Operation SchemeType Intertrip tCoord = 50 ms (10 ms + maximal transmission time) Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 291: Current Reversal And Weak-End Infeed Logic For Distance Protection 3-Phase Zcrwpsch

    If the communication signal has not reset at the same time as the distance protection function used in the teleprotection scheme has switched on to forward direction, we will have an unwanted operation of breaker B2 at B side. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 292: Weak-End Infeed Logic

    Only the trip part of the function can be used together with the blocking scheme. It is not possible to use the echo function to send the echo signal to the remote line IED. The echo signal would block the operation of the distance Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 293: Setting Guidelines

    + communication delay time, but with a minimum of 20 ms. 13.2.3.2 Weak-end infeed logic M13856-10 v8 Set WEI to Echo, to activate the weak-end infeed function with only echo function. Set WEI to Echo&Trip to obtain echo with trip. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 294: Local Acceleration Logic Zclcpsch

    Set ZoneExtension to On when the first trip from selected overreaching zone shall be instantaneous and the definitive trip after autoreclosure a normal time-delayed trip. Set LossOfLoad to On when the acceleration shall be controlled by loss-of-load in healthy phase(s). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 295: Scheme Communication Logic For Residual Overcurrent Protection Ecpsch

    Scheme communication logic for residual overcurrent protection ECPSCH IP14711-1 v2 13.4.1 Identification M14882-1 v2 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Scheme communication logic for ECPSCH residual overcurrent protection Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 296: Application

    The following settings can be done for the scheme communication logic for residual overcurrent protection function: Operation: Off or On. SchemeType: This parameter can be set to Off , Intertrip, Permissive UR, Permissive OR or Blocking. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 297: Current Reversal And Weak-End Infeed Logic For Residual Overcurrent Protection Ecrwpsch

    Note that the fault current is reversed in line L2 after the breaker B1 opening. It can cause an unselective trip on line L2 if the current reversal logic does not block the permissive overreaching scheme in the IED at B2. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 298: Weak-End Infeed Logic

    Note that there is no fault current from node B. This causes that the IED at B cannot detect the fault and trip the breaker in B. To cope with this situation, a selectable weak-end infeed logic is provided for the permissive overreaching scheme. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 299: Setting Guidelines

    In case of analog teleprotection equipment typical decision time is in the range 10 – 30 ms. For digital teleprotection equipment this time is in the range 2 – 10 ms. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 300: Weak-End Infeed

    (3U0) higher than the maximum false network frequency residual voltage that can occur during normal service conditions. The recommended minimum setting is two times the false zero-sequence voltage during normal service conditions. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 301: Section 14 Logic

    In the event of a transient fault the slave breaker performs a three-phase reclosing onto the non-faulted line. The same philosophy can be used for two-phase tripping and autoreclosing. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 302: Three-Phase Tripping

    The single-phase tripping operation mode can include different options and the use of the different inputs in the function block. Inputs TRINL1, TRINL2 and TRINL3 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 303 OR conditions from both line protections. Other back-up functions are connected to the input TRIN as described above for three-phase tripping. A typical connection for a single-phase tripping scheme is shown in figure 129. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 304: Single-, Two- Or Three-Phase Tripping

    The SMPPTRC function block is provided with possibilities to initiate lock-out. The lock-out can be set to only activate the block closing output CLLKOUT or initiate the block closing output and also maintain the trip signal output TR3P (latched trip). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 305: Example Of Directional Data

    SETLKOUT. 14.1.2.5 Example of directional data GUID-08AC09AB-2B2F-4095-B06E-1171CF225869 v2 An example how to connect the directional data from different application functions to the trip function is given below, see Figure 130: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 306 SMPPTRC, or directly to SMAGAPC and then to the SMPPTRC. The trip function (SMPPTRC) splits up the directional data as general output data for START, STL1, STL2, STL3, STN, FW and REV. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 307: Blocking Of The Function Block

    Secures two- or three-pole tripping depending on Program selection during evolving faults. 14.2 Trip matrix logic TMAGAPC IP15121-1 v4 14.2.1 Identification SEMOD167882-2 v3 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Trip matrix logic TMAGAPC Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 308: Application

    LEDs and/or output contacts on the IED. ALMCALH output signal and the physical outputs allows the user to adapt the alarm signal to physical tripping outputs according to the specific application needs. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 309: Setting Guidelines

    LEDs and/or output contacts on the IED. INDCALH output signal IND and the physical outputs allows the user to adapt the indication signal to physical outputs according to the specific application needs. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 310: Setting Guidelines

    For each cycle time, the function block is given an serial execution number. This is shown when using the ACT configuration tool with the designation of the function block and the cycle time, see example below. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 311: Fixed Signal Function Block Fxdsign

    IED, either for forcing the unused inputs in other function blocks to a certain level/value, or for creating certain logic. Boolean, integer, floating point, string types of signals are available. One FXDSIGN function block is included in all IEDs. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 312: Boolean 16 To Integer Conversion B16I

    REFPDIF function inputs for normal transformer application 14.8 Boolean 16 to Integer conversion B16I SEMOD175715-1 v1 14.8.1 Identification SEMOD175721-2 v2 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Boolean 16 to integer conversion B16I Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 313: Application

    The sum of the numbers in column “Value when activated” when all INx (where 1≤x≤16) are active that is=1; is 65535. 65535 is the highest boolean value that can be converted to an integer by the B16I function block. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 314: Boolean To Integer Conversion With Logical Node

    Input 2 BOOLEAN Input 3 BOOLEAN Input 4 BOOLEAN Input 5 BOOLEAN Input 6 BOOLEAN Input 7 BOOLEAN Input 8 BOOLEAN Input 9 IN10 BOOLEAN Input 10 Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 315: Integer To Boolean 16 Conversion Ib16

    Values of each of the different OUTx from function block IB16 for 1≤x≤16. The sum of the value on each INx corresponds to the integer presented on the output OUT on the function block IB16. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 316: Integer To Boolean 16 Conversion With Logic Node

    (ITBGAPC) is used to transform an integer into a set of 16 boolean signals. ITBGAPC function can receive an integer from a station computer – for example, over IEC 61850–8–1. This function is very useful when the user wants to generate Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 317: Elapsed Time Integrator With Limit Transgression And Overflow Supervision Teigapc

    ITBGAPC function block. 14.12 Elapsed time integrator with limit transgression and overflow supervision TEIGAPC 14.12.1 Identification GUID-1913E066-37D1-4689-9178-5B3C8B029815 v3 Function Description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device identification identification number Elapsed time integrator TEIGAPC Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 318: Application

    The limit for the overflow supervision is fixed at 999999.9 seconds. 14.13 Comparator for integer inputs - INTCOMP 14.13.1 Identification GUID-5992B0F2-FC1B-4838-9BAB-2D2542BB264D v1 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Comparison of integer values INTCOMP Int<=> Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 319: Application

    Set the RefSource = Input REF Similarly for Signed comparison between inputs Set the EnaAbs = Signed Set the RefSource =Input REF For absolute comparison between input and setting Set the EnaAbs = Absolute Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 320: Comparator For Real Inputs - Realcomp

    RefSource: This setting is used to select the reference source between input and setting for comparison. • Input REF: The function will take reference value from input REF • Set Value: The function will take reference value from setting SetValue Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 321: Setting Example

    If the comparison should be done between two current magnitudes then those current signals need to be connected to function inputs, INPUT and REF. Then the settings should be adjusted as below, EnaAbs = Absolute RefSource = Input REF Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 322 Section 14 1MRK 505 393-UEN B Logic EqualBandHigh = 5.0 % of reference value EqualBandLow = 5.0 % of reference value. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 323: Section 15 Monitoring

    IEC 61850. The possibility to continuously monitor measured values of active power, reactive power, currents, voltages, frequency, power factor etc. is vital for efficient production, transmission and distribution of electrical energy. It Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 324 (DFT values) of the measured current and voltage signals. The measured power quantities are available either, as instantaneously calculated quantities or, averaged values over a period of time (low pass filtered) depending on the selected settings. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 325: Zero Clamping

    I leading U System mean voltage, calculated according to selected mode System mean current, calculated according to selected mode Frequency Relevant settings and their values on the local HMI under Main menu/ Settings/IED settings/Monitoring/Servicevalues(P_Q)/CVMMXN(P_Q): Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 326: Setting Guidelines

    UAmpCompY: Amplitude compensation to calibrate voltage measurements at Y% of Ur, where Y is equal to 5, 30 or 100. IAmpCompY: Amplitude compensation to calibrate current measurements at Y% of Ir, where Y is equal to 5, 30 or 100. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 327 XHiHiLim: High-high limit. Set as % of YBase (Y is SBase for S,P,Q UBase for Voltage measurement and IBase for current measurement). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 328 The first phase will be used as reference channel and compared with the curve for calculation of factors. The factors will then be used for all related channels. IEC05000652 V2 EN-US Figure 134: Calibration curves Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 329: Setting Examples

    “Setting of the phase reference channel”) using PCM600 for analog input channels Connect, in PCM600, measurement function to three-phase CT and VT inputs Set under General settings parameters for the Measurement function: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 330 Cycl: Report interval (s), Db: In 2000 Set ±Δdb=40 MW that is, 2% 0.001% of range, Int Db: In (larger changes than 40 MW will 0.001%s be reported) Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 331 30% of Ir IAngComp100 Angle pre-calibration for current 0.00 at 100% of Ir Measurement function application for a power transformer SEMOD54481-61 v9 Single line diagram for this application is given in figure 136. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 332 PCM600 for analog input channels Connect, in PCM600, measurement function to LV side CT & VT inputs Set the setting parameters for relevant Measurement function as shown in the following table 30: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 333: Gas Medium Supervision Ssimg

    When the pressure becomes too low compared to the required value, the circuit breaker operation shall be blocked to minimize the risk of internal failure. Binary information based on the gas pressure in the circuit breaker is used as an Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 334: Setting Guidelines

    This is used for the temperature lockout indication to reset after a set time delay in s. tResetTempAlm: This is used for the temperature alarm indication to reset after a set time delay in s. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 335: Liquid Medium Supervision Ssiml

    This is used to set the time delay for a level lockout indication, given in s. tTempAlarm: This is used to set the time delay for a temperature alarm indication, given in s. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 336: Breaker Monitoring Sscbr

    The breaker status is indicated by the binary outputs. These signals indicate whether the circuit breaker is in an open, closed or error state. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 337 10000/900 = 11 operations at the rated current. It is assumed that prior to tripping, the remaining life of a breaker is 10000 operations. Remaining life calculation for three different interrupted current conditions is explained below. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 338 Binary input available from the pressure sensor is based on the pressure levels inside the arc chamber. When the pressure becomes too low compared to the required value, the circuit breaker operation is blocked. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 339: Setting Guidelines

    CloseTimeCorr: Correction factor for circuit breaker closing travel time. tTrOpenAlm: Setting of alarm level for opening travel time. tTrCloseAlm: Setting of alarm level for closing travel time. OperAlmLevel: Alarm limit for number of mechanical operations. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 340: Event Function Event

    OperTimeDelay: Time delay between change of status of trip output and start of main contact separation. 15.5 Event function EVENT IP14590-1 v2 15.5.1 Identification SEMOD167950-2 v2 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Event function EVENT S00946 V1 EN-US Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 341: Application

    0, that is, no cyclic communication. M12811-34 v1 It is important to set the time interval for cyclic events in an optimized way to minimize the load on the station bus. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 342: Disturbance Report Drprdre

    Thus, disturbance report is not dependent on the operation of protective functions, and it can record disturbances that were not discovered by protective functions for one reason or another. Disturbance report can be used as an advanced stand-alone disturbance recorder. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 343: Setting Guidelines

    (TVR) uses analog information from the analog input function blocks (AxRADR), which is used by Fault locator (FL) after estimation by Trip Value Recorder (TVR). Disturbance report function acquires information from both AxRADR and BxRBDR. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 344 Flashing light The IED is in test mode Red LED: Steady light Triggered on binary signal N with SetLEDx = Trip (or Start and Trip) Flashing The IED is in configuration mode Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 345: Recording Times

    Prefault recording time (PreFaultRecT) is the recording time before the starting point of the disturbance. The setting should be at least 0.1 s to ensure enough samples for the estimation of pre-fault values in the Trip value recorder (TVR) function. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 346: Binary Input Signals

    (1) or negative (0) slope. OperationN: Disturbance report may trig for binary input N (On) or not (Off). TrigLevelN: Trig on positive (Trig on 1) or negative (Trig on 0) slope for binary input N. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 347: Analog Input Signals

    HMI. If not set (Hide), status change will not be indicated. SetLEDN: Set red LED on local HMI in front of the IED if binary input N changes status. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 348: Consideration

    How long is the longest expected fault clearing time? • Is it necessary to include reclosure in the recording or should a persistent fault generate a second recording (PostRetrig)? Minimize the number of recordings: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 349: Logical Signal Status Report Binstatrep

    When an input is set, the respective output is set for a user defined time. If the input signal remains set for a longer period, the output will remain set until the input signal resets. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 350: Setting Guidelines

    Beside this information the function must be informed about faulted phases for correct loop selection (phase selective outputs from differential protection, distance protection, directional OC protection, and so on). The following loops are used for different types of faults: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 351: Setting Guidelines

    The list of parameters explains the meaning of the abbreviations. Figure also presents these system parameters graphically. Note, that all impedance values relate to their primary values and to the total length of the protected line. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 352: Connection Of Analog Currents

    If the actual values are not known, the values that correspond to the source impedance characteristic angle of 85° give satisfactory results. 15.8.3.1 Connection of analog currents M13769-16 v5 Connection diagram for analog currents included IN from parallel line shown in figure 141. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 353: Limit Counter L4Ufcnt

    ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Limit counter L4UFCNT 15.9.2 Application GUID-41B13135-5069-4A5A-86CE-B7DBE9CFEF38 v2 Limit counter (L4UFCNT) is intended for applications where positive and/or negative flanks on a binary signal need to be counted. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 354: Setting Guidelines

    15.10.3 Setting guidelines GUID-D3BED56A-BA80-486F-B2A8-E47F7AC63468 v1 The settings tAlarm and tWarning are user settable limits defined in hours. The achievable resolution of the settings is 0.1 hours (6 minutes). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 355 > tWarning. The limit for the overflow supervision is fixed at 99999.9 hours. The setting tAddToTime is a user settable time parameter in hours. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 357: Section 16 Metering

    Parameters that can be set individually for each pulse counter from PCM600: • Operation: Off/On • tReporting: 0-3600s • EventMask: NoEvents/ReportEvents Configuration of inputs and outputs of PCFCNT is made via PCM600. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 358: Function For Energy Calculation And Demand Handling Etpmmtr

    (CVMMXN). This function has a site calibration possibility to further increase the total accuracy. The function is connected to the instantaneous outputs of (CVMMXN) as shown in figure 142. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 359: Setting Guidelines

    The following settings can be done for the energy calculation and demand handling function ETPMMTR: GlobalBaseSel: Selects the global base value group used by the function to define IBase, UBase and SBase as applicable. Operation: Off/On Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 360 For the advanced user there are a number of settings for direction, zero clamping, max limit, and so on. Normally, the default values are suitable for these parameters. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 361: Section 17 Ethernet-Based Communication

    ECT creates the access point in the SCL model. Unselecting the subnetwork removes the access point from the SCL model. This column is editable for IEC61850 Ed2 IEDs and not editable for Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 362: Redundant Communication

    GUID-B7AE0374-0336-42B8-90AF-3AE1C79A4116 v1 Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number IEC 62439-3 Parallel redundancy protocol IEC 62439-3 High-availability seamless redundancy Access point diagnostic for redundant RCHLCCH Ethernet ports Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 363: Application

    The redundant communication uses two Ethernet ports. Device 2 Device 1 PhyPortA PhyPortB PhyPortA PhyPortB Switch A Switch B PhyPortA PhyPortB PhyPortA PhyPortB Device 4 Device 3 IEC09000758-4-en.vsd IEC09000758 V4 EN-US Figure 143: Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 364: Setting Guidelines

    PRP-1 and HSR can be combined in a mixed network. If the access point is not taken into operation, the write option in Ethernet Configuration Tool can be used to activate the access point. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 365: Merging Unit

    (or subscribers) in the system. Some merging units are able to get data from classical measuring transformers, others from non- conventional measuring transducers and yet others can pick up data from both types. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 366: Setting Guidelines

    Operation for the route can be set to On/Off by checking and unchecking the check-box in the operation column. Gateway specifies the address of the gateway. Destination specifies the destination. Destination subnet mask specifies the subnetwork mask of the destination. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 367: Section 18 Station Communication

    M13913-3 v6 Figure shows the topology of an IEC 61850–8–1 configuration. IEC 61850–8– 1 specifies only the interface to the substation LAN. The LAN itself is left to the system integrator. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 368 M16925-3 v4 Figure148 shows the GOOSE peer-to-peer communication. Station HSI MicroSCADA Gateway GOOSE Control Protection Control and protection Control Protection en05000734.vsd IEC05000734 V1 EN-US Figure 148: Example of a broadcasted GOOSE message Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 369: Setting Guidelines

    The settings available for Generic communication function for Measured Value (MVGAPC) function allows the user to choose a deadband and a zero deadband for the monitored signal. Values within the zero deadband are considered as zero. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 370: Receiving Data

    Input1 Ext_Res_OK_To_Operate DataValid Input2 Noput Input2 Noput CommValid Input3 Input3 Test Input4 Input4 IEC16000082=1=en.vsd IEC16000082 V1 EN-US Figure 149: GOOSESPRCV and AND function blocks - checking the validity of the received data Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 371: Iec/Uca 61850-9-2Le Communication Protocol

    The process bus physical layout can be arranged in several ways, described in Annex B of the standard, depending on what are the needs for sampled data in a substation. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 372 The electronic part of a non-conventional measuring transducer (like a Rogowski coil or a capacitive divider) can represent a MU by itself as long as it can send sampled data over process bus. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 373: Setting Guidelines

    Example of a station configuration with the IED receiving analog values from both classical measuring transformers and merging units. 18.3.2 Setting guidelines GUID-29B296B3-6185-459F-B06F-8E7F0C6C9460 v4 Merging Units (MUs) have several settings on local HMI under: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 374: Specific Settings Related To The Iec/Uca 61850-9-2Le

    Loss of communication when used with LDCM GUID-29EFBCB7-2B4F-4AA1-B593-8E89838722E0 v4 If IEC/UCA 61850-9-2LE communication is lost, see examples in figures 152, and 154, the protection functions in table are blocked as per graceful degradation. Case 1: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 375 Figure 153: MU failed, mixed system Case 3: Failure of one MU (sample lost) blocks the sending and receiving of binary signals through LDCM. →DTT from the remote end is not working. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 376 Four step residual EF4PTOC Sudden change in SCCVPTOC overcurrent protection current variation Instantaneous residual EFPIOC Sensitive Directional SDEPSDE overcurrent protection residual over current and power protetcion Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 377 Negative sequence LCNSPTOV Scheme ZCPSCH overvoltage protection communication logic for distance or overcurrent protection Three phase LCP3PTOC Current reversal and ZCRWPSCH overcurrent weak-end infeed logic for distance protection Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 378 Four step phase OC4PTOC Power swing detection ZMRPSB overcurrent protection Overexcitation OEXPVPH Mho Impedance ZSMGAPC protection supervision logic Out-of-step protection OOSPPAM Transformer tank TPPIOC overcurrent protection Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 379: Setting Examples For Iec/Uca 61850-9-2Le And Time

    When using an external clock, it is possible to set the IED to be synchronized via PPS,IRIG-B or PTP. It is also possible to use an internal GPS receiver in the IED (if the external clock is using GPS). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 380 SyncAccLevel: can be set to 1μs since this corresponds to a maximum phase angle error of 0.018 degrees at 50Hz Settings on the local HMI under Main menu/Configuration/Communication/ Ethernet configuration/Access point/AP_X: • Operation: On • PTP: On Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 381 Setting example when MU is the synchronizing source Settings on the local HMI under Main menu/Configuration/Time/ Synchronization/TIMESYNCHGEN:1/IEC61850-9-2: • HwSyncSrc: set to PPS as generated by the MU (ABB MU) • SyncLostMode : set to Block to block protection functions if time synchronization is lost •...
  • Page 382 HWSyncSrc , “full-time” has to be acquired from another source. If station clock is on the local area network (LAN) and has an sntp-server, this is one option. Two status monitoring signals can be: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 383 • HwSyncSrc: set to Off • SyncLostMode: set to No block to indicate that protection functions are not blocked • SyncAccLevel: set to unspecified Two status monitoring signals with no time synchronization: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 384: Iec 61850 Quality Expander Qualexp

    IED. The function outputs are updated once every second and, therefore, do not reflect the quality bits in real time. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 385: Lon Communication Protocol

    62.5/125 m 1 mm Max. cable length 1000 m 10 m Wavelength 820-900 nm 660 nm Transmitted power -13 dBm (HFBR-1414) -13 dBm (HFBR-1521) Receiver sensitivity -24 dBm (HFBR-2412) -20 dBm (HFBR-2521) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 386: Multicmdrcv And Multicmdsnd

    The communication speed of the LON bus is set to the default of 1.25 Mbit/s. This can be changed by LNT. 18.4.2 MULTICMDRCV and MULTICMDSND SEMOD119881-1 v3 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 387: Identification

    LAN (see Figure 161), and when using the rear optical Ethernet port, the only hardware required for a station monitoring system is: • Optical fibers from the IED to the utility substation LAN • PC connected to the utility office LAN Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 388: Setting Guidelines

    When the communication protocol is selected, the IED is automatically restarted, and the port then operates as a SPA port. The SPA communication setting parameters are set on the local HMI under Main menu/Configuration/Communication/Station communication/SPA/SPA:1. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 389 The IED does not adapt its speed to the actual communication conditions because the communication speed is set on the local HMI. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 390: Iec 60870-5-103 Communication Protocol

    The master must have software that can interpret the IEC 60870-5-103 communication messages. For detailed information about IEC 60870-5-103, refer to IEC 60870 standard part 5: Transmission Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 391: Design

    Function block with pre-defined functions in control direction, I103CMD. This block includes the FUNCTION TYPE parameter, and the INFORMATION NUMBER parameter is defined for each output signal. • Function commands in control direction Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 392 I103FLTPROT. This block includes the FUNCTION TYPE parameter, and the INFORMATION NUMBER parameter is defined for each input signal. This block is suitable for distance protection, line differential, transformer differential, over-current and earth-fault protection functions. • Autorecloser indications in monitor direction Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 393: Settings

    A1RADR to A4RADR. The eight first ones belong to the public range and the remaining ones to the private range. 18.6.2 Settings M17109-116 v1 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 394: Settings For Rs485 And Optical Serial Communication

    The protocol to activate on a physical port is selected under: Main menu/Configuration/Communication/Station Communication/Port configuration/ • RS485 port • RS485PROT:1 (off, DNP, IEC103) • SLM optical serial port • PROTOCOL:1 (off, DNP, IEC103, SPA) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 395: Settings From Pcm600

    ON_SET. In addition there is a setting on each event block for function type. Refer to description of the Main Function type set on the local HMI. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 396 IEC 60870-5-103 meaning Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Private range Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 397: Function And Information Types

    IEC 60870-5-103. To support the information, corresponding functions must be included in the protection IED. There is no representation for the following parts: Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 398: Dnp3 Communication Protocol

    For more information, refer to IEC standard IEC 60870-5-103. 18.7 DNP3 Communication protocol 18.7.1 Application GUID-EF1F0C38-9FF6-4683-8B10-AAA372D42185 v1 For more information on the application and setting guidelines for the DNP3 communication protocol refer to the DNP3 Communication protocol manual. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 399: Section 19 Remote Communication

    If it is not possible to have a communication link between each station, the solution has been to set the protection up in a slave-master-slave configuration. This means that in Figure 164, only IED-B has access to all currents and, therefore, this is the Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 400: Communication Hardware Solutions

    The LDCM (Line Data Communication Module) has an optical connection such that two IEDs can be connected over a direct fiber (multimode), as shown in figure 165. The protocol used is IEEE/ANSI C37.94. The distance with this solution is typical 110 km. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 401: Setting Guidelines

    In that case, the communication channel remains active, and a message is sent to the remote IED that the local IED is out of service. However, no COMFAIL signal exists and the analog and binary values are sent as zero. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 402 Slave. When a modem and multiplexer is used, the IED is always set as Slave because the telecommunication system provides the clock master. OptoPower has two settings: LowPower is used for fibres 0 – 1 km and HighPower for fibres >1 km. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 403 To set this value, knowledge of fault current levels is required. However, the setting is not very critical as it considers very high current values in which correct operation can usually still be achieved. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 405: Section 20 Security

    Apart from the built-in supervision of the various modules, events are also generated when the status changes for the: • built-in real time clock (in operation/out of order). • external time synchronization (in operation/out of order). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 406: Change Lock Chnglck

    The binary input controlling the function is defined in ACT or SMT. The CHNGLCK function is configured using ACT. LOCK Binary input signal that will activate/deactivate the function, defined in ACT or SMT. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 407: Denial Of Service Schlcch/Rchlcch

    CHNGLCK input, that logic must be designed so that it cannot permanently issue a logical one to the CHNGLCK input. If such a situation would occur in spite of these precautions, then please contact the local ABB representative for remedial action. 20.4 Denial of service SCHLCCH/RCHLCCH 20.4.1...

  • Page 409: Section 21 Basic Ied Functions

    ProductDef • FirmwareVer • SerialNo • OrderingNo • ProductionDate • IEDProdType Figure 167: IED summary This information is very helpful when interacting with ABB product support (for example during repair and maintenance). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 410: Factory Defined Settings

    • IEDMainFunType • Main function type code according to IEC 60870-5-103. Example: 128 (meaning line protection). • SerialNo • OrderingNo • ProductionDate 21.3 Measured value expander block RANGE_XP SEMOD52451-1 v2 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 411: Identification

    Six different groups of setting parameters are available in the IED. Any of them can be activated through the different programmable binary inputs by means of external or internal control signals. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 412: Setting Guidelines

    21.5.3 Setting guidelines M15292-3 v2 Set the system rated frequency. Refer to section "Signal matrix for analog inputs SMAI" for description on frequency tracking. 21.6 Summation block 3 phase 3PHSUM SEMOD55968-1 v2 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 413: Application

    Global base values GBASVAL 21.7.2 Application GUID-D58ECA9A-9771-443D-BF84-8EF582A346BF v4 Global base values function (GBASVAL) is used to provide global values, common for all applicable functions within the IED. One set of global values Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 414: Setting Guidelines

    These names will define SMBI function in the Signal Matrix tool. The user defined name for the input or output signal will also appear on the respective output or input signal. 21.9 Signal matrix for binary outputs SMBO SEMOD55215-1 v2 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 415: Application

    Ph-Ph, the user is advised to connect two (not three) of the inputs GRPxL1, GRPxL2 and GRPxL3 to the same voltage input as shown in figure to make SMAI calculate a positive sequence voltage. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 416: Setting Guidelines

    DFTRefExtOut: Parameter valid only for function block SMAI1 . Reference block for external output (SPFCOUT function output). Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 417 (CVMMXN, CMMXU,VMMXU, etc.) which shall be fed by preprocessing blocks with cycle 8. When two or more preprocessing blocks are used to feed one protection function (e.g. over-power function GOPPDOP), it is of Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 418 In practice each instance can be adapted to the needs of the actual application. The adaptive frequency tracking is needed in IEDs that belong to the protection system of synchronous machines and that are active Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 419 SMAI1:13 – SMAI12:24: DFTReference = ExternalDFTRef to use DFTSPFC input of SMAI1:13 as reference (SMAI7:7) For task time group 3 this gives the following settings: SMAI1:25 – SMAI12:36: DFTReference = ExternalDFTRef to use DFTSPFC input as reference (SMAI7:7) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 420 (see Figure 171) SMAI2:14 – SMAI12:24: DFTReference = DFTRefGrp4 to use SMAI4:16 as reference. For task time group 3 this gives the following settings: SMAI1:25 – SMAI12:36: DFTReference = ExternalDFTRef to use DFTSPFC input as reference (SMAI4:16) Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 421: Test Mode Functionality Testmode

    The supported values of the function block TESTMODE are described in Communication protocol manual, IEC 61850 Edition 2. When the function block TESTMODE is in test mode the Start LED on the LHMI is turned on with steady light. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 422 The block status of a component is shown on the LHMI as the Blk output under the same path as for Beh:Main menu/Test/Function status/Function group/Function block descriptive name/LN name/Outputs. If the Blk output is not shown, the component cannot be blocked. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 423: Setting Guidelines

    • Fine time messages are sent every second and comprise only seconds and milliseconds. The selection of the time source is done via the corresponding setting. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 424: Setting Guidelines

    TimeSynch. The time synchronization source can also be set from PCM600. The setting alternatives are: FineSyncSource can have the following values: • • • • BIN (Binary Minute Pulse) • SNTP • IRIG-B • Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 425 The PTP VLAN tag does not need to be the same on all access points in one IED. It is possible to mix as long as they are the same for all devices on each subnet. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 426 SAM600, and gets its synch from the GPS. Moreover, the REL and REC both acts as a boundary clock to provide synch to the SAM600. On all access points, the PTP parameter is “ON”. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 427: Process Bus Iec/Uca 61850-9-2Le Synchronization

    PPS output of the GTM card. If, for instance, IRIG-B is used, the settings for time synchronization should be CourseSyncSrc = Off, FineSyncSource = IRIG- B, TimeAdjustRate = Fast. The setting for Encoding in SYNCHIRIG-B needs to be set to 1344. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 428 The parameter DiffSync for the LDCM needs to be set to GPS and the GPSSyncErr needs to be set to Block. In "ECHO" mode MU and IED still need to be synchronized. In this case they can be synchronized with either PPS or IRIG-B. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 429: Section 22 Requirements

    ). As the present CT standards have no limitation of the level of remanent flux, these CTs are also classified as for example, class TPX, P and PX according to IEC. The IEC TR 61869-100, Edition Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 430 So far remanence factors of maximum 80% have been considered when CT requirements have been decided for ABB IEDs. Even in the future this level of remanent flux probably will be the maximum level that will be considered when decided the CT requirements.

  • Page 431: Conditions

    VHR type CTs (i.e. with new material) to be used together with ABB protection IEDs. However, this may result in unacceptably big CT cores, which can be difficult to manufacture and fit in available space.

  • Page 432: Fault Current

    Even in a case where the phase- to-earth fault current is smaller than the three-phase fault current the phase-to-earth fault can be dimensioning for the CT depending on the higher burden. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 433: General Current Transformer Requirements

    CT (TPZ) is not well defined as far as the phase angle error is concerned. If no explicit recommendation is given for a specific function we therefore recommend contacting ABB to confirm that the non remanence type can be used.
  • Page 434 (one-and-a-half or double-breaker) without passing the protected line (A) If a power transformer is included in the protected zone of the line differential protection the CTs must also fulfill equation 135. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 435: Distance Protection

    The burden of an IED current input channel (VA). S =0.020 VA/channel for I A and S =0.150 VA/channel for I =5 A Table continues on next page Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 436: Breaker Failure Protection

    The resistance of a single secondary wire should be used for faults in high impedance earthed systems. The burden of an IED current input channel (VA). S =0.020 VA/channel for I =1 A and =0.150 VA/channel for I =5 A Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 437: Current Transformer Requirements For Cts According To Other Standards

    CT will deliver to a standard burden at ANSI 20 times rated secondary current without exceeding 10 % ratio correction. There are a number of standardized U values for example, U is 400 V for a C400 ANSI ANSI Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 438: Voltage Transformer Requirements

    The ferro-resonance requirements of the CVTs are specified in chapter 6.502 of the standard. The transient responses for three different standard transient response classes, T1, T2 and T3 are specified in chapter 6.503 of the standard. CVTs according to all classes can be used. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 439: Sntp Server Requirements

    . The trip security can be configured to be independent of COMFAIL from the differential protection communication supervision, or blocked when COMFAIL is issued after receive error >100ms. (Default). Synchronization in SDH systems with G.703 E1 or IEEE C37.94 Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 440: Iec/Uca 61850-9-2Le Merging Unit Requirements

    The standard does not define the sample rate for data, but in the UCA users group recommendations there are indicated sample rates that are adopted, by consensus, in the industry. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 441 In principle the accuracy of the current and voltage transformers, together with the merging unit, shall have the same quality as direct input of currents and voltages. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...

  • Page 443: Section 23 Glossary

    Binary signal transfer function, receiver blocks Binary signal transfer function, transmit blocks C37.94 IEEE/ANSI protocol used when sending binary signals between IEDs Controller Area Network. ISO standard (ISO 11898) for serial communication Circuit breaker Combined backplane module Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 444 DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (The US developer of the TCP/IP protocol etc.) DBDL Dead bus dead line DBLL Dead bus live line Direct current Data flow control Discrete Fourier transform Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 445 Function type G.703 Electrical and functional description for digital lines used by local telephone companies. Can be transported over balanced and unbalanced lines Communication interface module with carrier of GPS receiver module Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 446 PCI specifications from the PCI SIG (Special Interest Group) for the electrical EMF (Electromotive force). IEEE 1686 Standard for Substation Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) Cyber Security Capabilities Intelligent electronic device Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 447 Light-emitting diode LON network tool Local operating network Miniature circuit breaker Mezzanine carrier module Main processing module MVAL Value of measurement Multifunction vehicle bus. Standardized serial bus originally developed for use in trains. Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 448 Precision time protocol PT ratio Potential transformer or voltage transformer ratio PUTT Permissive underreach transfer trip RASC Synchrocheck relay, COMBIFLEX Relay characteristic angle RISC Reduced instruction set computer RMS value Root mean square value Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 449 Strömberg Protection Acquisition (SPA), a serial master/ slave protocol for point-to-point and ring communication. Switch for CB ready condition Switch or push button to trip Starpoint Neutral point of transformer or generator Static VAr compensation Trip coil Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 450 (23.5 degrees), but still showing the Earth's irregular rotation, on which UT1 is based. The Coordinated Universal Time is expressed using a 24-hour clock, and uses the Gregorian calendar. It is used for Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 451 Voltage transformer Three times zero-sequence current.Often referred to as the residual or the earth-fault current Three times the zero sequence voltage. Often referred to as the residual voltage or the neutral point voltage Line differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC Application manual...
  • Page 454 — ABB AB Grid Automation Products 721 59 Västerås, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00 abb.com/protection-control © Copyright 2017 ABB. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.

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