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Cabletron Systems CSX100 series User Manual

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Cabletron Systems ISDN Router
CSX100 Series
User Guide

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Summary of Contents for Cabletron Systems CSX100 series

  • Page 1 Cabletron Systems ISDN Router CSX100 Series User Guide...
  • Page 2 ISDN Router...
  • Page 3 Internet Web Site: http://www.cabletron.com C O P Y R I G H T Cabletron Systems provides this publication “as is” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

  • Page 4: License Agreement

    [Licensed Product] with only those rights set forth herein. Limited Warranty on Media and Damages Disclaimer Cabletron Systems or its distributors or resellers will repair or replace free of charge any defective recording medium on which the Software is recorded if the medium is returned to Cabletron Systems or its distributor or reseller within ninety (90) days after the purchase of License for the Software.
  • Page 5 MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Hardware and Software Limitations Cabletron Systems does not warrant that the Software will be free from error or will meet your specific requirements. You assume complete responsibility for decisions made or actions taken based on information obtained using the Software.
  • Page 6 If trouble is experienced with this equipment, please contact Cabletron Systems for warranty information. If the trouble is causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may request you remove the equipment from the network until the problem is resolved.

  • Page 7: Industry Canada

    Industry Canada CS03 Statement NOTICE: The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational and safety requirements as prescribed in the appropriate Terminal Equipment Technical Requirements document (s). The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction. Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local Telecommunications Company.
  • Page 8 ISDN Router viii...

  • Page 9: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Introduction About the Router About This Book How This Guide is Organized References Typographic Conventions Chapter 1. ISDN and Ordering Issues ISDN Concepts Basic Rate Interface ISDN Line (U.S. only) Network Terminator ISDN Wires Configurations SPIDs and Directory Numbers Telephone Switch Parameters How to Order your ISDN Line Chapter 2.
  • Page 10 Step 1. Connect and log into the Target Router Step 2. Target Router’s System Settings Step 3. Target Router’s ISDN Settings Step 4. Remote Routers Database Step 5. General Bridging and Routing Controls Step 6. Store the Configuration Step 7. Reboot the Router and PC Step 8.
  • Page 11 SNMP Options Chapter 7. Router Feature Descriptions IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP) PAP and CHAP Security ISDN Telephone Switch Support Bridging and Routing Bridging Routing Bridging and Routing IEEE 802.1D Bridging IP Routing IPX Routing Bridging and Routing Protocol Filtering IP Internet Firewall Bridge Filtering Bandwidth Optimization Features...
  • Page 12 ISDN Q.931 Cause Values History Log Using LEDs How to Obtain Technical Support Appendix A. Changing Configuration Switches Configuration Switches Settings Appendix B. Subnetwork Tables Appendix C. Network Information Worksheets Appendix D. Accessing the Command Line Interface (CLI) Why use the Command Line Interface? Non-Windows platforms (Macintosh, UNIX, etc.) Windows-based platforms Connecting the router to the PC...
  • Page 13 ISDN Router xiii...

  • Page 15: Introduction

    Introduction About the Router The Cabletron Router is a bridge/router designed to provide remote Ethernet LAN connectivity via a single ISDN line for the small office or home office (SOHO). The multi-protocol router offers telecommuters, home and remote office workers high-speed, dial-up access to remote sites, such as the Internet and the enterprise network.

  • Page 16: About This Book

    About This Book The User Guide contains an introduction to the router and provides the steps and basic information needed to install and configure the router. Hardware installation and configuration of network connections, bridging, routing, and security features are described. Note: For router hardware and software references, consult your model- specific Quick Start Guide.

  • Page 17: References

    Chapter 7, “Router Feature Descriptions”, lists and describes industry- standard protocols, security features, compression algorithms, network management tools. Chapter 8, “Troubleshooting”, provides suggestions for locating the source of problems depending upon the trouble symptom. Appendices A-D provide configuration references and blank configuration tables.
  • Page 18 ISDN Router...

  • Page 19: Chapter 1. Isdn And Ordering Issues

    Chapter 1. ISDN and Ordering Issues ISDN Concepts This chapter explains several ISDN line configuration key concepts and tells you how to order your ISDN services Basic Rate Interface ISDN Line (U.S. only) You will need to order one Basic Rate Interface (BRI) ISDN line from your service provider.

  • Page 20: Isdn Wires

    In Europe and Japan The Telephone Company provides the NT1 and offers end-users the S/T interface. ISDN Wires The ISDN wires are the same wires that exist for analog telephone service in most cases. EIA/TIA standard for wiring: • Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, category 3 or above, 24 gauge •...

  • Page 21: Spids And Directory Numbers

    SPIDs and Directory Numbers The Network Service Provider will give you the following information for identifying the ISDN line and devices. In some countries, some of these number/addresses are not implemented and will not be provided. Directory Numbers (DNs) Phone numbers are assigned by the ISDN service provider for each device operating on the line.

  • Page 22: How To Order Your Isdn Line

    We recommend that you supply these parameters to your telephone company in the form of an IOC. It will make ordering your ISDN services a lot easier (See below, How to order your ISDN line). Note: NI-1 is a standard released by Bellcore outlining a basic set of ISDN services and is switch-type independent.
  • Page 23 Note: The router supports this package, but voice features are only useful on models with POTS support. Important: Point-to-Multipoint service is preferred over Point-to-Point service since you get 2 DNs. Generic Package S is best suited for Point- to-Multipoint service. 3.
  • Page 24 When ordering your long distance ISDN service, specify: • ISDN Circuit Switched Data capability (clear channel 64 Kb) • Voice for both B-channels ISDN Router...

  • Page 25: Chapter 2. Installing Router Hardware

    Chapter 2. Installing Router Hardware Before You Begin… Router Package Contents You should find the following items in your router package: • Router • Twisted pair Ethernet (TPE) crossover cable (yellow label marked “Ethernet 10 Base-T, Crossover”) • WAN and ISDN attachment cable (blue label marked “ISDN or ADSL”) •...

  • Page 26: Hardware Installation

    • One ISDN Basic Rate Interface (BRI) port (with built-in U interface) • Models 104, 105, and 107 support 2 analog device ports for POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) • Built-in power supply Series Number Model ISDN 2-Line LAN Devices Number Interface POTS...
  • Page 27 1. Connect the router to the Ethernet LAN 2. Connect the router to an ISDN line 3. Connect phone, fax, or analog modem device to POTS interfaces 4. Connect the router to an AC power source Note 1: Non-Windows users will have to additionally connect the router console port to their computers to be able to initialize the router’s IP address and configure the router.

  • Page 29: Step 1. Connect The Router To The Ethernet Lan

    Step 1. Connect the Router to the Ethernet LAN The 10Base-T port is used for Ethernet communications for single station or hub configurations. Connect the Ethernet LAN using the following instructions. Configuration A: Ethernet single station Single Station Instructions: 1. Connect the 10Base-T Ethernet cable (yellow label marked “Ethernet 10 Base-T, Crossover”) to the RJ45 twisted pair Ethernet (TPE) jack marked 10 Base-T on the unit.
  • Page 30 Configuration B: Ethernet hub Hub Attachment Instructions: 1. Connect the 10 Base-T Ethernet cable (a standard category 5 TPE cable, NOT SUPPLIED) to the RJ45 twisted pair Ethernet (TPE) jack marked 10 Base-T on the unit. Connect the other end to the Ethernet board in your PC. ISDN Router...

  • Page 31: Step 2. Connect Analog Telephone Devices

    Step 2. Connect Analog Telephone Devices If you are installing model CSX104 or CSX105, your router will have two POTS interfaces on the rear of the unit. Instruction: Connect one or more phone, fax, answering machine, or other local analog equipment to the POTS jacks on the back panel. You can attach multiple devices to one POTS jack using a splitter connector.

  • Page 32: Step 3. Connect The Router To An Isdn Line

    Step 3. Connect the Router to an ISDN Line In North America, ISDN U interface models These models were designed specifically for North America, where a network terminator interface (NT1) is needed. This NT1 is built into the router and is “transparent” to the user. These models have only one ISDN U jack on the rear of the router.
  • Page 33 Outside North America, ISDN S/T interface models: These models were designed for international (outside North America) markets where the NT1 is typically provided by the ISDN service provider. These models have one ISDN S/T jack on the rear of the router where the ISDN line is plugged in.

  • Page 34: Step 4. Connect The Router To An Ac Power Source

    Step 4. Connect the Router to an AC Power Source The router comes with a built-in power supply and a standard power cable. Instructions 1. Check to see that the power switch (0=off, 1=on) on the rear of the router is set off. 2.

  • Page 35: Chapter 3. Installing And Accessing Configuration Manager

    Chapter 3. Installing and Accessing Configuration Manager This chapter describes how to install and access Configuration Manager running under Microsoft Windows. About Configuration Manager Configuration Manager is an easy-to-use, point-and-click graphical user interface (GUI), thus making it the ideal tool to perform all the configurations described in this guide.

  • Page 36: Hardware And Software Prerequisites

    Hardware and Software Prerequisites Configuration Manager requires the following hardware and system configuration: • IBM-compatible Personal Computer • Ethernet network interface card • 8.0 MB of hard disk space (5.0 MB for Configuration Manager and on- line documentation plus up to 3.0 MB for the files to be installed in the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM directory) •...

  • Page 37: Install Configuration Manager On Your Pc

    3. In the TCP/IP Properties window, in the IP Address tab page, enable Obtain an IP address automatically by clicking the button next to it. 4. Click OK. 5. Answer Yes to “Do you want to restart your computer?” Your computer will reboot. (Note: If your settings were already configured with these attributes, you will not be prompted to reboot and a...

  • Page 38: Access Configuration Manager

    Access Configuration Manager 1. Click the Start button on your PC desktop. 2. Select Programs. 3. Select Cabletron Configuration Manager. 4. Click the Configuration Manager icon. The following screen is the Configuration Manager’s main menu, before you connect to the router: ISDN Router...

  • Page 39: Chapter 4. Router Configuration

    Chapter 4. Router Configuration Planning for Router Configuration This section describes configuration terminology and the information that you need to collect before configuring the router. Important Terminology You should familiarize yourself with the following terminology, as it will be used throughout the configuration process. The diagram illustrates these key words/concepts.

  • Page 40: Important Routing Concepts

    Important Routing Concepts TCP/IP Routing The purpose of IP routing is to take the IP destination address and look up the interface on which the packet should be forwarded. In the case of the router, this can be either the LAN (Ethernet) or the WAN. Because each remote entry has an IP route associated with it, this may involve first bringing up the link to that destination in order to allow forwarding to take place.
  • Page 41 TCP/IP Route Addresses Static Seeding: If the router is to direct traffic to networks or stations beyond the remote router, the routing table in the target router can be ‘seeded’ with static IP routes. An IP route includes an IP address, subnet mask, and metric.
  • Page 42 You will need to define the default route for a remote router (if the target router will be placing calls to that remote router). There can be only one default route specified for all the remote database entries. Note: You cannot have more than one router configured to advertise itself as the default router.
  • Page 43 router must be on the same subnetwork as the remote router. The following illustration is an example of a subnet (128.1.129.0) of Class B IP network (128.1). Specify a Remote WAN IP Address if the remote router does not support IP address negotiation under PPP (i.e., does not have a pre-assigned IP address).
  • Page 44 IPX Routing An Ethernet LAN IPX network number is required for the router’s local Ethernet LAN connection. The ISDN WAN link to each remote router must have an assigned IPX network number. IPX Routes and IPX SAPs for each remote router are also required for the configuration process. IPX Routes If the router is to direct traffic to network segments and servers beyond the remote router, the routing table in the target router can be ‘seeded’...
  • Page 45 The target router’s routing information table must be seeded statically so that the target router dials out to the appropriate remote router when IPX traffic is targeted to network segments or servers beyond that remote router. After the link is established, RIP update packets will dynamically add to the target router’s routing information table.

  • Page 46: Collect Your Network Information

    Servers are identified with internal network numbers. This is a logical network number that identifies the individual server. For a local router to access a server beyond the remote router, you will specify a route using the internal network number of a server. To seed the routing table to access a network segment, you will specify the external network number of the LAN segment.

  • Page 47: Names And Passwords

    Names and Passwords Name and Password for the Target router You must choose a name and authentication password for the target router. They are used by a remote site to authenticate the target router. Names and Passwords for the Remote Router(s) For each remote router, you must have the router name and its authenti- cation password.
  • Page 48 Service Profile Identifications (SPIDs) SPIDs identify the services and features that the switch provides to the ISDN device. Commonly implemented in the U.S. and Canada, the SPID is often derived from the directory number, concatenated with other digits. Note: SPIDs are not implemented outside North America. Refer to Chapter 1, ISDN and Ordering Issues, for further information.
  • Page 49 Remote WAN Address You may need to specify a remote WAN IP address for the WAN connection to the remote router depending on IP address negotiation under PPP. Check with your system administrator for details on whether the router must communicate in numbered or unnumbered mode and what addresses are required.
  • Page 50 Internal Network Number It is a logical network number that identifies an individual Novell server. It is needed to specify a route to the services (i.e. file services, print services) that Novell offers. It must be a unique number. External Network (a.k.a. IPX Network Number) It refers to a physical LAN/wire network segment to which servers, routers, and PCs are connected (Ethernet cable-to-router segment).

  • Page 51: Configuration Steps

    Configuration Steps Overview If you have collected the required information as described in the preceding section, you are ready to configure the router. Using Configuration Manager, you will perform the following basic configuration steps: 1. Connect, Select the Router to configure, and log into the target router.
  • Page 52 • TCP/IP route addressing and routing protocol controls • If configuring IPX: IPX Routes addressing and IPX SAPs services 5. Bridging / Routing • Set the default bridging destination • Enable IP routing • If configuring IPX: Enable IPX routing •...

  • Page 53: Step 1. Connect And Log Into The Target Router

    Step 1. Connect and log into the Target Router This section assumes that you have already installed Configuration Manager on your PC and know how to access it (otherwise, refer to Chapter 3, for details). Connect The router is shipped to users with a default IP address that does not need to be changed (however, to change the default IP address, refer to Step 2.

  • Page 54: Step 2. Target Router's System Settings

    Note: If you only want to view the router’s configuration settings: ⇒ Click Skip. If you attempt to change any of the router’s configuration settings while in View-Only mode, you will again be prompted for the write enable Login Password. Name, Message, Software, Hardware, About Name is the name for the target router.

  • Page 55: System Name

    • Ethernet IPX address (if you are configuring IPX) • Change the login password (optional) ⇒ Click System Settings from the main menu. The Name and Message fields are blank when you first configure the router. System Name ⇒ Enter a router name in the field labeled Name. You must enter a system name for the target router.

  • Page 56: Authentication Password

    Authentication Password The target router’s dial authentication password is used for authentication when the target router dials out to other routers or is challenged by them. The password is not displayed as you enter it and must be entered twice. A new password overrides the previous one. ⇒...

  • Page 57: Change Login Password

    Note: If you change either of these fields, you must always perform a Store and Reboot as shown in later steps. LAN RIP Settings To change the default RIP settings, refer to Routing Information Protocol, page 73. DHCP The router supports DHCP, and acts as a DHCP server. This allows hosts (PCs, etc.) to acquire initialization parameters (IP addresses, masks, domain names, etc.) from the router.

  • Page 58: Step 3. Target Router's Isdn Settings

    Step 3. Target Router’s ISDN Settings The target router’s ISDN line information includes: • The ISDN provider’s switch type • ISDN Directory Numbers (DNs) • ISDN SPIDs • Options (Lock Line Speed, etc.) ou must enter ISDN line information for your target router. All of this information is provided by your telephone company (refer to Chapter 1 for more details).
  • Page 59 Directory Numbers (DNs) ⇒ Enter directory numbers corresponding to the ISDN B-channels in the field labeled ISDN DNs. SPIDs (North America only) One ISDN SPID may be assigned for each B-channel of the ISDN line, or one SPID may be assigned for both channels, or SPIDs may not be provided at all.

  • Page 60: Step 4. Remote Routers Database

    This feature is mainly intended for router models equipped with analog telephony features (POTS routers): it allows you to receive and place analog calls without incurring lengthy and expensive phone calls for data (because you are allowing calls to an outbound bridge, for instance). Lock Line Speed When this setting is enabled, the router places and receives calls at the speed of 56 kilobits per seconds, regardless of the speed setting in the...
  • Page 61 ⇒ Click Remote Routers from the main menu. This will open the Remote Router Database window. Add, delete, modify, enable/disable an Entry Add a New Remote Router Before you enter your first remote router, the Remote Router field is blank. After adding a router, the screen displays as indicated above. ⇒...

  • Page 62: Dial Settings

    Modify a Remote Router Database Entry ⇒ Click the down arrow associated with the Select a Router field in order to display the list of remote routers entered into the database. ⇒ Click the router name of the router entry you wish to modify. ⇒...
  • Page 63 number that will be dialed to connect to the remote router. (ISDN phone numbers can contain the numbers 0-9 and the characters * and #.) Important: Be sure to include the area code and long distance prefix even if you are located in the same area code. Dialing Speed When placing an outgoing call to the selected remote site, you can adjust the bit rate of the call with one of three choices: 64 Kb, 56 Kb, or Auto.

  • Page 64: Security Information

    Utilization Threshold (%) Initially a call is activated on one B-channel. When bandwidth utilization reaches the bandwidth threshold, the second B-channel is activated (if the maximum links value has been set to 2). Both channels are utilized until the bandwidth utilization drops below the threshold for 5 seconds, then the second channel is dropped.
  • Page 65 Security Authentication Protocol The authentication protocol is the minimum security level that the target router must use when communicating with the remote router. This protocol level is checked during security negotiation. The Router will always attempt to negotiate CHAP, the highest level of security possible. The router will not accept a negotiated security level less than the minimum authentication level selected.
  • Page 66 Bridging Capability ⇒ From the Remote Router Database menu screen, select Bridging On/Off. You specify whether the target router bridges traffic to/from this remote router. ⇒ Click On or Off (default) to turn bridging on or off. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) You can also specify if you wish the router to use the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) which allows the router to check for bridging loops and communicate with other sites that support the protocol.
  • Page 67 ⇒ To seed the routing table, you will enter the TCP/IP Route Addresses into the table using this window. This window displays a list of each network IP address with the corresponding subnet mask, metric, and gateway if needed. The metric is a number between 1 and 15 that indicates the perceived cost in reaching the remote network or station.
  • Page 68 Source and Remote WAN IP Addresses ⇒ Click the Advanced button if you wish to specify WAN IP addresses or set IP protocol options. You may need to specify a Source WAN Port Address and/or a Remote WAN Port Address for the WAN connection to the remote router, depending on IP address negotiation under PPP.
  • Page 69 Note: ISDN lines can incur large delays, especially when dialing long distance. You can determine the actual delay by performing an IP ping and dividing the result by 2. A typical value is 50 ms (~3 ticks). ⇒ To add a new entry, click Add, enter the IPX Network Number, Hop Count, and Ticks in the small window displayed and click OK.

  • Page 70: Step 5. General Bridging And Routing Controls

    ⇒ Seed the table with the SAP information of the primary logon server on the remote network. All other SAPs will be learned automatically. This entry is used for spoofing. ⇒ You can modify the WAN Network Number by clicking Modify. Enter the 8-character hexadecimal network number for the WAN link and click OK.

  • Page 71: Step 6. Store The Configuration

    IPX Routing ⇒ Set IPX Routing to On or Off. The default is IPX Routing Off. Internet Firewall ⇒ Set the Internet Firewall to On or Off. When the Internet Firewall is On, the router performs IP Internet Firewall filtering to prevent unauthorized access to your system and network resources from the Internet.

  • Page 72: Step 7. Reboot The Router And Pc

    Step 7. Reboot the Router and PC After storing the configuration, you will be asked if you wish to reboot the router. ⇒ Click Yes to confirm. A message window will inform you that router rebooting is occurring. ⇒ Click Exit to leave Configuration Manager. If you are using IPX routing, bridging, or DHCP, you may need to also reboot PC clients so they can locate the new network segment or settings.
  • Page 73 Start a DOS Window: 1. Select Start from the Windows 95 taskbar. 2. Select Programs. 3. Select MS-DOS Prompt. Issue the PING Command: In the DOS window, type the command: ping <IP address> Example: ping 192.168.254.254 When you enter the ping command, the router will dial out to the remote router using the ISDN line.

  • Page 74: Step 9. Disconnect From The Router

    Test IPX Routing Test IPX Routing to a Remote Destination Check for access to servers on the remote LAN as follows: • Use the ‘NetWare Connections’ selection provided with NetWare User Tools under Windows or issue the command ‘pconsole’ under DOS. •...

  • Page 75: Sample Configuration

    ⇒ If you change any of the router’s configuration settings, be sure to store the configuration into FLASH memory and reboot the router. Once you have rebooted the router, you will need to log in again if you wish to further change the configuration. Sample Configuration In this configuration example of a hypothetical network, a small office (SOHO) will access a central site (HQ) via an ISDN link.

  • Page 76: Sample Network Diagram

    Sample Network Diagram Small Office SOHO (Target Router) Central Site HQ ISDN Router...

  • Page 77: Sample Network Information Worksheets

    Sample Network Information Worksheets TARGET (local) ROUTER: SOHO Configuration Item Setting Section Router Name System Settings SOHO System Settings Message Configured_J _1997 System Settings Dial Authentication Password SOHOpasswd Authentication Password System Settings Use defaults, but add: DHCP Settings DNS Domain Name myISP.com DNS Server 192.168.200.1...
  • Page 78 REMOTE ROUTER ENTRY: HQ Configuration Item Setting Section Remote Routers ISDN Phone #1 (11 digits) 18005552000 ISDN Phone #2 (11 digits) Dial Settings 18005554000 Inactivity Timeout Maximum Links Minimum Links Utilization Threshold Bandwidth Direction Input and Output Remote Routers Minimum Authentication None Security Disable Authentication...
  • Page 79 REMOTE ROUTER : ISP Configuration Item Setting Section ISDN Phone #1 (11 digits) Remote Routers 18005551115 Dial Settings ISDN Phone #2 (11 digits) 18005551116 Inactivity Timeout Default (60 seconds) Maximum Links Default (1) Minimum Links Default (0) Utilization Threshold Default (0) Bandwidth Direction In and Out Remote Routers...

  • Page 80: Names And Passwords Example

    BRIDGING AND ROUTING CONTROLS Configuration Item Setting Section Bridging / Routing Default Remote for all dial outs TCP/IP Routing On/Off IPX Routing On/Off Internet Firewall On/Off Names and Passwords Example In the sample configuration provided, the small office SOHO communicates with the central site HQ and the Internet Service Provider ISP.
  • Page 81 Note: If you have trouble with passwords, we recommend that you set the remote router security to “disable authentication” to simplify the process. Names & passwords Names & passwords Names & passwords configured in configured in configured in SOHO Router HQ Router ISP Router System...

  • Page 82: Chapter 5. Configuring Advanced Features

    Chapter 5. Configuring Advanced Features The features described in this chapter are advanced topics. They are primarily intended for experienced users and network administrators to perform network management and more complex configurations. These following features are accessed and configured from Configuration Manager: •...

  • Page 83: Router Configuration

    4. If the TCP/IP stack is installed on your PC (it will be listed under Configuration), proceed to step 5. Note: If you do not have a TCP/IP stack installed on your computer, follow these instructions: a) In Configuration, click Add. b) In Select Network Component Type, click Protocol and click Add.

  • Page 84: Dhcp Settings

    DHCP Settings The router is preconfigured with a preset IP address pool and a gateway (192.168.254.254). Before becoming active, the router’s DHCP server attempts to locate other active DHCP servers on the network such as Windows NT servers. If one is detected, the router’s DHCP server disables itself.
  • Page 85 WINS Servers If you work with Windows NT, you should enter your WINS Servers’ IP addresses in the WINS Servers fields. DHCP server is enabled The router's built-in DHCP server might disable itself if another DHCP server (like a Windows NT server) is found on your local LAN, or if you manually disable it.

  • Page 86: Network Address Translation (Nat)

    Network Address Translation (NAT) NAT is an IP address conversion feature that translates a PC’s local (internal) address into a temporary global (outside/Internet) IP address. NAT is needed when a PC (or several PCs) on a Local Area Network wants to connect to the outside Internet to get to a remote network: NAT swaps the local IP address to a global IP address.

  • Page 87: Routing Information Protocols (Rip)

    Routing Information Protocols (RIP) You can configure the router to send and receive RIP (Routing Information Protocol) packet information to and from, respectively, the remote router. RIP is a protocol used by some routers to exchange IP routing information so that the local site will ‘learn’...

  • Page 88: Enable Rip Options

    Since it uses multicast addresses, only devices supporting RIP-2 will listen to RIP-2 packets. Note: If your network does not support RIP, then use the RIP OFF option to turn it off. Enable RIP Options It is advisable to only turn RIP options ON when instructed to do so by your network administrator.

  • Page 89: Enable Caller Id Security

    Note 1: Caller ID service (for the local router phone line) must first be obtained from the ISDN provider. 7 or 10 digits may be presented by switch. Note 2: The configured phone numbers must contain the actual digits presented by the central office switch. Enable Caller ID Security ⇒...

  • Page 90: Configure Dial-Back

    • The dial settings of the remote router need to be configured in the remote database of the local router. • The remote router’s phone number is entered in the remote database of the local router. Configure Dial-Back ⇒ From Configuration Manager’s main menu, click Remote Routers and then Dial Settings.

  • Page 91: Analog Phone Settings

    Analog Phone Settings The following describes how to change the default settings of a POTS router (a router to which you may attach analog devices such as a telephone or a fax machine) for Analog Mode, Call Preemption, and Automatic Preemption. Default phone numbers The interfaces are preconfigured with the following default settings: •...
  • Page 92 Dial This router can call out, but will not receive a call. Mode Answer This router can receive a call but cannot dial. Both This router can call out and receive a call. Always If this router places or receives a call: voice always Voice Preempts preempts data.
  • Page 93 Voice Preempts Data ⇒ In ISDN Settings, click Analog Phones. In the Analog Phones Setting window, choose one data preemption option for each line: • Always • Incoming Calls • Outgoing Calls • Never Automatic Preemption ⇒ In ISDN Settings, click Analog Phones. In Analog Phones Setting, you can select one of the following Automatic Preemption options: •...

  • Page 94: Save And Test Pots Configuration

    Save and Test POTS configuration ⇒ Save the POTS configuration by clicking OK in the Analog Phones Setting window; then click Store in the main menu. ⇒ To test the POTS configuration, use the attached analog phone to dial out to a remote phone number and call attached analog devices from another phone.

  • Page 95: Chapter 6. Management Tools

    Chapter 6. Management Tools This chapter describes tools designed to simplify file system management, software maintenance, and data traffic monitoring. These tools comprise: • Terminal Window • Port Monitor • Upgrade/Backup • Reboot from Network • SNMP Options ⇒ To access these tools, click Tools from the main menu in Configuration Manager.

  • Page 96: How To Change The Router's Ip Address Using The Terminal Window

    The File menu lets you open a Log File where all messages printed by the router on its console and all input performed directly at the console are recorded. The CommPort menu allows the user to adjust the router’s communication settings.

  • Page 97: Wan Port Monitor

    4. In the terminal window, enter the following commands to set, save, and verify the router’s LAN address and enable IP routing: login admin (admin is the default password) eth ip addr x.x.x.x y.y.y.y where: x.x.x.x (IP address) y.y.y.y (subnet mask for the router’s LAN connection) Ex: 192.168.254.254 255.255.255.0 Note: Please refer to Appendix B, Subnetwork Tables, or ask your network administrator to determine which addresses are valid.
  • Page 98 Access from outside Configuration Manager Port Monitor is also a stand-alone application that can be launched outside of Configuration Manager as follows: ⇒ On your PC, click the Start button located on your desktop. ⇒ Click Programs, Cabletron ISDN Tools, and then click WAN Port Monitor.
  • Page 99 Physical layer This light shows the status of the physical connection to the router. Green light: the line is functioning correctly. Red light: the circuit is either open or non-functional. Check your phone wiring and call your Network Service provider if you can not get a green light.
  • Page 100 By default, all information is refreshed once a second. If this causes strain on your network or you are presently monitoring a router across the WAN, which requires too much bandwidth usage to perform this function, you may want to increase the refresh rate, expressed in seconds. Set Number of Display Lines This option allows you to specify the number of lines of information that are shown in the Message area of the main Port Monitor window.

  • Page 101: Upgrade/Backup

    If you have changed the incoming or outgoing data calls settings, you will be prompted to save your changes permanently. Since these settings take effect immediately, there is no need to restart the router after saving the changes. A logging function is available to see all the messages printed by the router on its console port (including any input performed directly at the console).
  • Page 102 • For Firmware, the default file is KERNEL.100 • For Configuration, the default file is SYSTEM.CNF • For ISDN, the default file is ISDN.DAT • For DHCP, the default file is DHCP.DAT Note: the script file name is defined by the user. ⇒...

  • Page 103: Reboot From Network

    ⇒ When you click OK, the file named AUTOEXEC.OLD is copied back to the router. Upgrade/Restore Configuration files A Backup or Upgrade operation on the configuration files will include all of the system configuration data, except ISDN or DHCP settings files. Upgrade/Backup ISDN settings or DHCP files Backing up or upgrading the target system ISDN settings file or DHCP file will respectively involve only the target systems ISDN settings file or...

  • Page 104: Snmp Options

    Note 2: A Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) utility is built into Configuration Manager and is capable of reading from and writing to the network. Instructions ⇒ To reboot from the network, click Tools from the Configuration Manager’s main menu and then click Reboot from Network. A new window will appear and let you select the file to boot from, in the file name box.

  • Page 105: Chapter 7. Router Feature Descriptions

    Chapter 7. Router Feature Descriptions The router supports the following industry standard protocols, security features, compression algorithms, and network management tools to ensure interoperability with other vendors’ equipment. Important: For router software references, consult the model-specific Quick Start Guide. • IEEE 802.3 Ethernet •...

  • Page 106: Point-To-Point Protocol (Ppp)

    Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP) PPP is a data link layer industry standard WAN protocol for transferring multi-protocol data traffic over point-to-point connections. It is suitable for both high-speed synchronous ports as well as lower speed asynchronous dial- up ports. With this protocol, options such as security and network protocols can be negotiated over the connection.

  • Page 107: Isdn

    ISDN ISDN provides an inexpensive switched digital access to remote sites. The ISDN BRI standard provides for: • Two high-speed 64Kbps bearer (B) channels used for voice or data connections • One 16Kbps signaling data (D) channel used for call set-up, signaling, and other information ISDN allows all types of information to be transmitted including voice, data, fax, and video.

  • Page 108: Bridging And Routing

    · NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) · KDD (Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co., Ltd.) · HSD64 (64Kb permanent connection) · HSD128 (128Kb permanent connection) Support for additional switches will be announced from time to time. Bridging and Routing Bridging Bridging connects two or more LANs together so that all devices share the same logical LAN segment and network number.

  • Page 109: Bridging And Routing

    LANs. Routing extends the reach of networks beyond the limits of each LAN segment. Bridging and Routing The Router can operate as a bridge, as a router, or as both (sometimes called a brouter). The router will operate as a router for network protocols that are supported when routing is enabled.

  • Page 110: Ip Routing

    IP Routing IP routing support provides the ability to process TCP/IP frames at the network layer for routing. IP routing support includes the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) which allows the exchange of routing information on a TCP/ IP network. The router receives and broadcasts RIP messages to adjacent routers and workstations.

  • Page 111: Bridging And Routing Protocol Filtering

    Bridging and Routing Protocol Filtering Filtering can be used to allow efficient usage of network resources and provide security for your network and hosts. IP Internet Firewall The router supports IP Internet Firewall filtering to prevent unauthorized access to your system and network resources from the Internet. A security violation can occur when a packet is received from a WAN link, typically connected from the Internet, which has the source IP address of a secure host on your LAN.

  • Page 112: Dial-On-Demand

    Dial-on-Demand Dial-up WAN resources are accessed only when remote access is required and released as soon as the resource is no longer needed. Bandwidth-on-Demand The router can optimize the use of WAN resources (i.e., two ISDN B- channels) to increase throughput, depending on load requirements. Two ISDN B-channels can be “bundled”...

  • Page 113: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Dhcp)

    The following MIBs are supported: · MIB II · Bridge MIB · Ethernet MIB · IP Forwarding MIB · PPP MIB For LCP · Enterprise MIB for configuration Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) DHCP is used to acquire IP addresses and options (such as the subnet mask, DNS, gateway, etc.) automatically.

  • Page 114: Telnet

    system upgrades can be updated. Chapter 6, Management Tools, describes how to upgrade software, boot the router from the network, make copies of configuration files, and perform other maintenance procedures. A TFTP server is provided with the software. TELNET TELNET access to the router is supported. TELNET allows you to log into the router as if directly connected through the console port.
  • Page 115 • Configuration of advanced features such as: Bridge filtering ISDN subaddressing Optional IP filters Optional encryption Advanced DHCP settings Additional security IP host mapping These topics are discussed in the Command Line Interface guide. Router Feature Descriptions 101...
  • Page 116 ISDN Router...

  • Page 117: Chapter 8. Troubleshooting

    Chapter 8. Troubleshooting Investigating Hardware Installation Problems Check the LEDs to solve common hardware problems Power light is off • Check that the power cord is firmly plugged into the back panel of the router and the other end into an active AC wall or power strip outlet.

  • Page 118: Problems With The Terminal Window Display

    ISDN NT1 LED is fast blinking • The router NT1 is having trouble negotiating the ISDN U interface layer 1 protocol with the central office. • Check the connection cables. ISDN line LED is off/blinking slowly • Unit with a U interface: a problem is occurring in the negotiation to the network.

  • Page 119: Problems With The Factory Configuration

    Problems with the factory configuration • Compare the router configuration with your router order. Check the following items: • Either ISDN BRI(S/T) or ISDN BRI(S/T and U) should be indicated in the Interfaces detected message during boot of the router. One or two RJ45 ISDN ports are provided on the rear panel. •...

  • Page 120: Problems Accessing The Remote Network

    • Re-enter the correct password and hit enter. Remember that the password is case-sensitive. Check that you are entering admin in lowercase and that the Caps key is not active. • If you have forgotten the password, you must reset the login password. Refer to the appendix A, Changing Configuration Switches, and perform the following procedure: Move switches 5 and 6 down.

  • Page 121: Problems Dialing

    If TCP/IP routing • Check that TCP/IP Routing has been set on and is enabled at the remote end. • Check that the IP address of the LAN beyond the remote router is correct, as well as the associated subnet mask. •...

  • Page 122: Problems With Bandwidth Management

    No POTS dial tone • ISDN link is not completely defined and is not in Standby mode. • The POTS line is set to Answer only, is disabled, or is busy with data, and preemption is off. • The phone is not plugged in. Problems with bandwidth management ISDN Channel 2 does not support overflow for channel 1...

  • Page 123: Isdn Q.931 Cause Values

    ISDN Q.931 Cause Values ISDN link level error messages include the Q.931 cause value. The cause value displayed is the cause number exactly or the number +128. The following table is a reference list of the Q.931 cause values. Cause No. Cause Name Unassigned (unallocated) number No route to specified transit network...

  • Page 124: History Log

    Call having the requested call identity has been cleared Incompatible destination Invalid transit network selection Invalid message, unspecified Mandatory information element is missing Message type non-existent or not implemented Message not compatible with call state or message type non- existent or not implemented Information element non-existent or not implemented Invalid information element contents Message not compatible with call state...

  • Page 125: Using Leds

    LEDs on front panel of your router. Please refer to the section Investigating Hardware Installation Problems page 103, for related information. How to Obtain Technical Support Before calling Cabletron Systems Technical Support, have the following information ready: • Router model number •...
  • Page 126 How to contact Addresses / Numbers Technical Support in the U.S. 603-332-9400 Telephone Monday-Friday; 8 A.M. - 8 P.M. Eastern Time support@ctron.com E-Mail 603-337-2211 Cabletron Systems Address 35 Industrial Way Rochester, NH 03867 http://www.cabletron.com Web Site ISDN Router...

  • Page 127: Appendix A. Changing Configuration Switches

    Appendix A. Changing Configuration Switches The configuration switches are located under the label CONFIG on the rear panel of the router. You might need to alter the configuration switches for: • Upgrading software • Troubleshooting with a qualified service representative •...

  • Page 128: Appendix B. Subnetwork Tables

    Appendix B. Subnetwork Tables Numbers of Mask in Mask in Bits in Range of valid Users decimal hexadecimal mask addresses 5 (+ 1 router) 255.255.255.248 FFFFFFF8 .1 - .6 5 (+ 1 router) 255.255.255.248 FFFFFFF8 .9 - .14 5 (+ 1 router) 255.255.255.248 FFFFFFF8 .17 - .

  • Page 129: Appendix C. Network Information Worksheets

    Appendix C. Network Information Worksheets To configure the target router, you need to fill out: • One target router chart for the target router and…. • One remote router chart for each remote router to be entered into the remote router database If you are setting up both ends of the network: You will need a mirror image of the information listed below for configuring the router on the other end of the ISDN link.
  • Page 130 TARGET ROUTER: …………………………………………………… Configuration Item Your Setting Section Router Name ………………………………… System Settings Message ……………………………….. Dial Authentication ………………………………… System Settings Authentic. Password Password System Settings …………………………… Ethernet IP Address Ethernet IP …………………………… Address Subnet Mask Ethernet IPX Network …………………………… System Settings Ethernet IPX Number Network #...
  • Page 131 REMOTE ROUTER: …………………………………………………… Note: One chart for each remote router in the remote router database Configuration Item Setting Section Remote Routers ISDN Phone #1, Phone #2 …………………………. Dial Settings Inactivity timeout ………………………….. Maximum Links ………………………….. Minimum Links ………………………….. Utilization Threshold …………………………..
  • Page 132 BRIDGING AND ROUTING CONTROLS Configuration Item Setting Section Default Remote Bridging ……………………………. Bridging/ Destination Routing TCP/IP Routing On/Off ……………………………. ……………………………. Internet Firewall On/Off ……………………………. IPX Routing On/Off ISDN Router...

  • Page 133: Appendix D. Accessing The Command Line Interface (Cli)

    Appendix D. Accessing the Command Line Interface (CLI) Why use the Command Line Interface? You will need to connect the router to the PC in order to access the Command Line Interface when Configuration Manager (CM, user-friendly configuration software) is not compatible with certain platforms, cannot be used.for complex configuration tasks, or if you initially experience trouble connecting to the router.

  • Page 134: Connecting The Router To The Pc

    Connecting the router to the PC You will use the following.cable and.adapter: • One 10-foot length of unshielded twisted pair cable with RJ45 connectors on either end. This cable has a green label marked “Console”. • One RJ45 to DB9 adapter (console port to PC) Instructions 1.

  • Page 135: Instructions

    Instructions To open a terminal window emulation program under Windows 1. Click the Start button located on your PC desktop. 2. Click Programs, Accessories, and Terminal. 3. Assign the communications port connected to the console. 4. Set the terminal communications settings to the following configuration parameters: •...
  • Page 136 To access the terminal window via Telnet: 1. The PC address and the router address have to be in the same subnetwork. Router address is: 192.168.254.254 PC address is: 192.168.254.253 2. Click the Start button located on your PC desktop, click Windows Explorer, Windows, and TELNET.EXE.

  • Page 137: Glossary

    Glossary 10Base-T IEEE 802.3 standard for the use of Ethernet LAN technology over unshielded twisted pair wiring, running at 10 Mbps. Address Resolution Protocol. An Internet protocol used to bind an IP address to Ethernet/802.3 addresses. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange. 8-bit code for character representation.
  • Page 138 Console Device used by the network administrator to configure and monitor the router. The console employs an RS232 interface. Configuration Manager and Command Line Interface are used on the console. D-Channel In ISDN, a full-duplex 16 Kbps channel used for link setup. Data Communicating Equipment.
  • Page 139 Firewall A combination of techniques used to protect one network from unknown networks and users on the outside. Firewalls can filter or block traffic and act as a management and network security point where all traffic can be scrutinized. Graphical User Interface. It allows to communicate with the computer through pull-down menus and icons.
  • Page 140 MAC layer/address Media Access Control layer/address defined by the IEEE 802.3 specification which defines media access including framing and error detection. Part of the OSI reference model data link layer. Metric An algorithm used by routers to determine the best path for transmitting packets to a remote destination based on considerations such as time, delay, cost, etc.
  • Page 141 Packet A piece of information sent across the network that includes a header and usually user data. Ping An echo message, available within the TCP/IP protocol suite, sent to a remote node and returned; used to test the accessibility of the remote node. POTS Plain Old Telephone Service referring to standard analog telecommunication.
  • Page 142 Serialization Frames Frames sent out by servers under IPX to check whether illegal copies of NetWare are in use on the network. Service Advertising Protocol Protocol used in IPX for broadcasting information about services available on the network, such as file servers, CD-ROM drives, and modem pools. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol.
  • Page 143 transmission. IP provides for network layer connectivity.using connectionless datagrams. TELNET Internet standard protocol for remote terminal emulation that allows a user to remotely log in to another device and appear as if directly connected. Ticks The number of ticks represents how much time the packet takes to reach the destination in units of roughly 1/20th of a second.
  • Page 144 ISDN Router...

  • Page 145: Index

    Index CHAP, 33, 41, 64, 65, 92, 106, 117, clear configuration files, 89 Command Line Interface AC power access, 120 connecting to, 20 change IP address with, 82 advanced features, 68 feature description, 100 analog phone settings, 46, 77 for non-Windows users, 119 analog services general, 119 connecting equipment, 17...
  • Page 146 TCP/IP protocol options, 73 cable supplied, 11 TCP/IP route addresses, 52 IP Address, 43, 116 TCP/IP routing control, 57 IP configuration parameters, 34 TCP/IP WAN addresses, 54 IPX configuration parameters, 30 updating, 38 verifying, 58 Windows configurator, 100 configuration example, 61 factory defaults, 89 configuration files, 89 file system, 99...
  • Page 147 network numbers, 31 lock line speed at 56Kb/s, 80 node number, 55 logging utility, 110 login password, 39, 43 Routes, 54 reset, 106 SAPs, 31, 55 seeding routing table, 31 seeding SAPs table, 31 servers, 55 socket number, 55 main menu, 39 ticks, 55 maintenance, 100 troubleshooting, 107...
  • Page 148 change login, 43 add, delete, modify, enable, disable CHAP, 92 entry, 47 example, 66 definition, 25 PAP, 92 dial settings, 48 usage, 33 remote WAN IP address, 29, 54 passwords and names example, 66 reset configuration files, 89 phone numbers, 49 resetting router's defaults, 89 piggyback method restoring files, 87...
  • Page 149 source WAN IP address, 28, 54 management tool, 81 Spanning Tree Protocol, 52, 95 TFTP, 87, 99 tools, 81 SPIDs, 7, 34 troubleshooting split B-channels, 98 accessing remote network, 106 spoofing bandwidth, 108 IP Routing, 96 bridging, 106 static seeding, 27 console, 104 subnetwork tables, 114 diagnosis tools, 108...

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