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12 Predicted Values
EasyOne
offers a number of published predicted value tables allowing comparison of the measure-
ment results. In order to compute the predicted values, it is necessary to enter the sex, age and height
and, in many cases, the ethnic group and the weight of the patient. See also Chapter 8 on selection of
the predicted values.
Where there is no lower limit of normal (LLN) defined within the selected predicted normal, the value
used for LLN is calculated as Predicted Value
not defined LLN of relational parameters, e.g. FEV1/FVC are set to 90% of Predicted Value, LLN of all
other parameters are set to 80% of Predicted Value.
If the patient data lies outside of the range defined in the publication (Age, Height) EasyOne
extrapolated values. The report explicitly points out that the predicted values are extrapolated values
and that, consequently, particular caution must be taken when interpreting the results.
12.1 Predicted Values for Adults
[1]
Morris, James F., Koski, Arthur, Lavon Johnson, Spirometric Standards for Healthy Non-Smoking
Adults , American Review of Respiratory Disease, Volume 10-3, 1971. p.57-67
[2]
Morris, James F., Koski, Arthur, Breese, John,'Normal Values and Evaluation of Forced Expiratory
Flow', Am Rev Respir Dis, Vol. 111, 1975, p.755-761
[3]
Cherniak, R.M. and Raber M.B. Normal Standards for Ventilatory Function using an Automated
Wedge Spirometer Am Rev Respir Dis, Vol. 106, 1972, p.38-46
[4]
Knudson, Ronald J., Ronald Slatin, Michael Lebowitz, Benjamin Burrows, The Maximal Expiratory
flow-Volume Curve , American Review of Respiratory Disease, Volume 113, 1976, p. 587-600.
[5]
Knudson, Ronald J., Michael Lebowitz, Holberg Catherine J., Benjamin Burrows, Changes in the
Normal Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curve with Aging , American Review of Respiratory Dis-
ease, Volume 127, 1983, p. 725-734
[6]
Crapo, Robert O., Gardner Reed M., Morris Alan H., Reference Spirometric Values Using Tech-
niques and Equipment that Meets ATS Recommendations , American Review of Respiratory Dis-
ease. Volume 123, 1981, p. 659-674
[7]
Forche G., Harnoncourt K., Stadlober E.. Neue spirometrische Bezugswerte für Kinder, Jugendli-
che und Erwachsene , Öst. Ärzteztg. 43/15/16 (1988) 40
[8]
P.H. Quanjer. Lung Volumes and Forced Ventilatory Flows. Eur Respir J, Vol 6, Suppl 16, p.5-40,
1993
[9]
NHANES III: Hankinson, Odencrantz, Fedan, 'Spirometric Reference Values from a Sample of the
General U.S. Population' Am J Respir Crit Care Med, Vol. 159, 1999, p 179-187.
12.2 Predicted Values for Children
[1]
Zapletal, T. Paul, M. Samanek. Die Bedeutung heutiger Methoden der Lungenfunktionsdiagnos-
tik zur Feststellung einer Obstruktion der Atemwege bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Z. Erkrank.
Atm.-Org., Volume 149, 343-371, 1977
[2]
Hsu KHK, Bartholomew PH, Thompson V, Hseih GSJ, Ventilatory Functions of Normal Children
and Young Adults Mexican-American, White, Black. I. Spirometry , J. Pediatrics 1979, 95: p.14-
23
[3]
NHANES III: Hankinson, Odencrantz, and Fedan, 'Spirometric Reference Values from a Sample of
the General U.S. Population', Am J Respir Crit Care Med, Vol. 159, 1999, p. 179-187.
[4]
Dockery, D.W. et al., Distribution of Forced Vital Capacity and Forced Expiratory Volume in One
Second in Children 6 to 11 Years of Age, American Review of Respiratory Disease. Volume 128,
p. 405-412, 1983
[5]
Polgar, Promadhat, Pulmonary Function Testing in Children: Techniques and Standards. W.B.
Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1971
1.645 x SEE (standard error of the estimate). If SEE is
Page 26
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