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(LTO-2) AGNUM RIVE RODUCT ANUAL 1013187-B...
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Copyright 2005 by Exabyte Corporation. All rights reserved. This item and the OPYRIGHT information contained herein are the property of Exabyte Corporation. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means,...
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The Exabyte Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) is warranted to be free from defects in RODUCT materials, parts, and workmanship, and conforms to the current product specification. ARRANTY For the specific details of your warranty, refer to your sales contract or contact the AUTION company from which you purchased the tape drive.
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Exabyte Corporation Headquarters 2108 55th Street Boulder, CO USA 80301 (303) 442-4333 World Wide Web www.exabyte.com To obtain technical support Exabyte Technical Support www.exabyte.com/products/hardwarewarranty.cfm To order supplies and accessories Exabyte Sales Support 1-800-774-7172 1-800-392-8273 (Exabyte Media) To obtain service Exabyte Service www.exabyte.com/support/contact/index.cfm...
OW TO ANUAL OW TO ANUAL This manual describes how to install, operate, and maintain the Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2). It also provides functional, performance, and environmental specifications. HERE TO OOK FOR NFORMATION Installation If you are installing the tape drive for the first time, refer to the following...
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UBLICATIONS For more information about the tape drive and the standards used by the tape drive, refer to the following publications. To order an Exabyte publication, see “Contacting Exabyte” on page iv. To download a PDF version of an Exabyte publication, visit the Exabyte web site (www.exabyte.com).
2:1 compression ratio) and a sustained data transfer rate of 35 MB per second (70 MB per second assuming 2:1 compression ratio). Features of the Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) tape drive include: Backward read/write compatible with LTO Ultrium 1 data cartridges...
1 — M (LTO-2) F HAPTER AGNUM RIVE EATURES OMPONENTS This section describes the major components of the tape drive. RONT ANEL OMPONENTS Figure 1-1 shows the controls and indicators on the front panel of the tape drive. For more information about using these controls and indicators, see...
Ultrium 2 drives. It also writes to tapes that can be read by other licensed LTO Ultrium 2 drives. Chapter 4, “Using Data Cartridges” on page 21 for detailed information about LTO Ultrium data cartridges. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
1 — M (LTO-2) F HAPTER AGNUM RIVE EATURES PEED ATCHING AND HANNEL ALIBRATION To improve system performance, the tape drive uses a technique called speed matching to dynamically adjust its native (uncompressed) data rate to the slower data rate of a server. With speed matching, the tape drive operates at one of five speeds when reading or writing the Generation 2 cartridge format to achieve a native data rate of 17.5, 21.9, 26.25, 30.63, or 35 MB per second...
When in sleep mode, the tape drive’s response time to commands that do not require media motion increases by up to 10 microseconds. Commands that require media motion may be delayed an additional 100 milliseconds because the tape tension must be reset. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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1 — M (LTO-2) F HAPTER AGNUM RIVE EATURES Notes 1013187 RODUCT ANUAL...
NSTALLING THE RIVE This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for installing the Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2). The information in this chapter expands on the instructions in the Quick Start guide that accompanied your tape drive. EFORE EGIN Before you begin installing the tape drive, do the following: Select your application software —...
Disconnect all power cables. NPACK THE RIVE All Exabyte tape drives are tested, inspected, and carefully packaged at the factory. However, because shipping damage can occur, you should follow the steps below to unpack the tape drive: 1. 1. 1. 1.
Where data cartridges can be easily inserted. The tape drive should not be stacked. Do not place anything on top of the tape drive. To minimize any contamination from airborne particles, ensure that the cover is always closed. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
2 — I HAPTER NSTALLING THE RIVE 3. C ONNECT OWER 1. 1. 1. 1. Because the tape drive may not complete the Power-On Self Test (POST) without SCSI termination, connect a terminator (or SCSI bus with termination) to one of the two SCSI connectors on the back of the tape drive.
Make sure the cable is a wide Ultra2 SCSI LVD cable with a 68-pin, high-density male connector. Do not use a noncompliant SCSI cable; it will degrade the tape drive’s Caution performance and can cause random, nonreproducible errors. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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For these reasons, you should attach only one Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) to an Ultra SCSI bus, one or two LTO-2 tape drives to an Ultra2 SCSI bus, and one to four LTO-2 tape drives to an Ultra160 SCSI bus.
Do not connect the tape drive to a RAID controller. Important Terminator Host bus adapter SCSI connector SCSI cable Figure 2-3 Another peripheral is the last device on SCSI bus 4. 4. 4. 4. Power on the host computer system. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
Device drivers are software that enables the tape drive to interact with a variety of servers. The latest levels of device drivers and driver documentation for the tape drive are available on the Support section of Exabyte’s web site, www.exabyte.com. For applications that use other device drivers, refer to the application’s documentation to determine which drivers to use.
The power switch is a push button switch that lets you turn the tape drive on or off. To power the tape drive on, push the power switch once. The power indicator will light when power is on. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
3 — O HAPTER PERATING THE RIVE To power it off, push the switch again. When you place the power switch in the off position, the primary electrical power within the enclosure is still active. If you do not want electrical power to be present in the enclosure, unplug the tape drive’s power cord from the receptacle at the rear of the tape drive (see Figure 1-2 on page...
To insert a data cartridge: 1. 1. 1. 1. Ensure that the tape drive is powered-on. 2. 2. 2. 2. Ensure that the write-protect switch is properly set (see “Setting the Write-Protect Switch” on page 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
3 — O HAPTER PERATING THE RIVE 3. 3. 3. 3. Grasp the cartridge so that the write-protect switch faces you, as shown in Figure 3-2. Write-protect switch Figure 3-2 Inserting a cartridge into the tape drive 4. 4. 4. 4. Slide the cartridge through the door and into the tape load compartment.
Do not use any cleaning method other than the LTO Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge Caution (or a cleaning cartridge approved by Exabyte for use with LTO-2 drives). Using other cleaning methods may void the tape drive’s warranty. Do not rewind and reuse the material in a cleaning cartridge. Reuse may redistribute contaminants previously removed from the tape path.
3 — O HAPTER PERATING THE RIVE SING THE ACKUP OFTWARE Refer To the user’s operating guide supplied with your tape backup application. 1013187 RODUCT ANUAL...
ARTRIDGES ESCRIPTION Use only data cartridges and cleaning cartridges designed specifically for LTO Ultrium tape drives. The Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) supports the following cartridge types: LTO Ultrium 200 GB data cartridges (Generation 2), which are purple LTO Ultrium 100 GB data cartridges (Generation 1), which are black LTO cleaning cartridge For maximum capacity, use Ultrium 2 data cartridges.
Before inserting a tape cartridge, inspect the cartridge case, cartridge door, and write-protect switch for breaks. If you need to recover data from a damaged cartridge, contact Exabyte Technical Support (see page iv).
Inspect the rear of the cartridge (the part that you load first into the tape load compartment) and ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge case. If there are gaps in the seam, the leader pin may be dislodged. Contact Exabyte Technical Support for assistance (see “Contacting Exabyte” on page iv).
4 — U HAPTER SING ARTRIDGES If you must recover data from a damaged cartridge, contact Exabyte Technical Support for assistance (see “Contacting Exabyte” on page iv). Review handling and shipping procedures. ANDLE THE ARTRIDGE AREFULLY Do not drop the cartridge. If the cartridge drops, slide the cartridge door back and ensure that the leader pin is properly seated in the pin-retaining spring clips.
To place the leader pin in its proper position, you will need the following tools: Plastic or blunt-end tweezers Cartridge manual rewind tool (from Leader Pin Reattachment Kit) Note: Contact IBM (see page xiv) for information about ordering the IBM Leader Pin Reattachment Kit (part number 08L9129). 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
Ensure that there are no gaps in the seam of the cartridge ! ! ! ! If gaps exist, do not continue with this procedure and do not use Important the cartridge. Instead, contact Exabyte Technical Support (see page iv). 1013187...
Do not reuse the defective tape cartridge. The Leader Pin Reattachment Kit contains three parts: Leader pin attach tool (see Figure 4-6). A plastic brace that holds the cartridge door open. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
4 — U HAPTER SING ARTRIDGES Cartridge manual rewind tool (see Figure 4-6). A device that fits into the cartridge’s hub and lets you wind the tape into and out of the cartridge. Pin supplies (see Figure 4-6). Leader pins and C-clips. Note: Contact IBM (see page...
Open the tool’s pivot arm Note: To hold the cartridge door open, hook the tool into the door and pull the tool back. Figure 4-7 Attaching the leader pin tool to the cartridge 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
4 — U HAPTER SING ARTRIDGES 2. 2. 2. 2. To find the end of the tape inside the cartridge, attach the cartridge manual rewind tool ( Figure 4-8) to the cartridge’s hub by fitting the tool’s teeth between the teeth of the hub. Turn the tool clockwise until you see the end of the tape inside the cartridge.
Figure 4-10 Attaching the leader pin to the tape Close the pivot arm of the leader pin attach tool by swinging it over the leader pin so that the C-clip snaps onto the pin and the tape. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
4 — U HAPTER SING ARTRIDGES Swing the pivot arm open and trim the excess tape so that it is flush with the reattached leader pin Use your fingers to remove the leader pin from the cavity in the leader pin attach tool.
ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS This chapter describes problems that you might encounter while operating the Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) and provides suggestions for resolving the problems. Note: The Support section of the Exabyte web site, www.exabyte.com, also provides helpful troubleshooting tips.
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(note that the mid-tape recovery could take up to 5 minutes to complete). If the cartridge still does not eject, contact Exabyte Technical Support (see page iv).
2. Power the tape drive off and on, then retry the operation that produced the error. 3. If the problem persists, download and install new firmware (see “Upgrading Firmware” on page 60) and retry the operation. 4. If the problem still persists, contact Exabyte Technical Support (see page iv). 1013187 RODUCT...
(see “Function Code 1 — Run SCSI Drive Diagnostics” on page 48). If the diagnostics fail, replace the tape drive. If the diagnostics succeed, discard the cartridge. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS Table 5-3 Tape drive codes for error conditions and informational messages Code Cause and Action For Problems with Writing Data (continued): (cont.) If the problem occurs with multiple data cartridges or if you do not know the data cartridge’s volume serial number, run the tape drive diagnostics (see “Function Code 1 —...
2. 2. 2. 2. Ensure that the tape drive’s SCSI address is the same as the SCSI address assigned by the server. 3. 3. 3. 3. If the problem persists, contact Exabyte Technical Support for assistance (see page iv). Fixing a Consistent Error with Multiple Drives on a SCSI Bus When a consistent error occurs in a configuration that has multiple drives on the SCSI bus, you must determine if the problem exists with more than one drive.
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3 for each drive until you can identify which drive is defective. 4. 4. 4. 4. Determine if the problem is with only one drive or with two or more drives. If the problem is with only one drive, contact Exabyte Technical Support for assistance (see page iv).
“Function Code 1 — Run SCSI Drive Diagnostics” on page 48). 3. 3. 3. 3. If the tape drive diagnostic self-test fails, replace the tape drive. If the tape self-test runs successfully, repeat the operation that produced the initial media error. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS UPPORTED LERT LAGS TapeAlert is a patented technology and standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) that defines conditions and problems that are experienced by drives. The technology enables a server to read TapeAlert flags set by the drive on its LOG SENSE TapeAlert Page (page code 2Eh) over the SCSI interface.
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“Cleaning the Tape Drive Head” on page Expired clean Set when the tape drive detects a Replace the cleaning cartridge. cleaning cartridge that has expired. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS Table 5-4 TapeAlert flags supported by the tape drive (continued) Flag Description Action Required Flag Parameter Flag Type Number (in hex) Invalid Set when the tape drive expects Use a valid cleaning cartridge. cleaning tape a cleaning cartridge and the loaded cartridge is not a cleaning...
LED becomes solid amber, which means that the tape drive is in maintenance mode. 3. 3. 3. 3. Select the desired diagnostic or maintenance function. The following sections describe the functions and provide instructions for using them. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS XITING AINTENANCE To manually exit maintenance mode, press the unload button once per second until appears on the single-character display. Press and hold the unload button for 3 seconds. The drive exits maintenance mode (the solid amber status light becomes solid green, then turns off).
Do not power-off the tape drive while a firmware update is in progress. Caution Note: You can also update the drive firmware over the SCSI bus using Exabyte’s LTO Tool. See “Updating Firmware Over the SCSI Bus” on page 60 more information.
Causes the tape drive to copy its field microcode replacement (FMR) data to a scratch data cartridge. You can then use this tape to update the firmware in other Magnum tape drives (LTO-2). Make sure that you insert a scratch (blank) data cartridge or a cartridge that may be Caution overwritten.
Causes the tape drive to perform a collection (or dump) of its internal data. (A drive dump is also known as a diagnostic listing.) The dump can only be analyzed by Exabyte Technical Support (see “Contacting Exabyte” on page iv).
6. 6. 6. 6. From the server, issue the SCSI READ command to read the dump from the tape to a file or electronic image. For information about where to send the electronic image, contact Exabyte Technical Support (see page iv).
Causes the tape drive to erase the contents of the error code log. 1. 1. 1. 1. Make sure that the tape drive does not contain a cartridge, then set it to maintenance mode (see page 47). 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS 2. 2. 2. 2. Press the unload button once per 1.5 seconds until appears in the single-character display. If you cycle past A, continue to press the unload button until it displays again. 3.
You must then set the tape drive to maintenance mode again and restart the test. If you insert an invalid or write-protected data cartridge, appears in the single-character display. The tape drive unloads the cartridge and exits maintenance mode. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
5 — T HAPTER ROUBLESHOOTING AND IAGNOSTICS 5. 5. 5. 5. After you insert the cartridge, flashes and the test begins. If no error is detected, the test begins again and runs for a maximum of 10 times. Each loop takes approximately 3 minutes to run. After the tenth loop, the test stops and the tape drive automatically exits maintenance mode.
4. 4. 4. 4. After you select the function, the single-character display will show one of the following: to indicate that post error reporting is enabled. to indicate that post error reporting is disabled. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
Instructions for downloading, installing, and properly configuring the IBM device drivers are available in the IBM Ultrium Device Drivers Installation and User’s Guide (see “IBM Ultrium LTO-2 Publications” on page xiv). The IBM device drivers may conflict with some commercial software applications unless properly configured.
Exabyte-authorized service provider for return authorization and shipping instructions. If your service provider instructs you to return the tape drive directly to Exabyte, contact Exabyte Service to obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number and the shipping address. 2. 2. 2. 2.
FMR D PDATING THE IRMWARE WITH AN ARTRIDGE Note: You must download the updated firmware from Exabyte’s web site and then use that firmware to create an FMR data cartridge (see “Function Code 3 — Create FMR Tape” on page 50).
You can obtain a dump from the tape drive using LTO Tool (described on page 60). You can download the LTO Tool program from Exabyte’s web site. The readme file that accompanies the program (or the online help for the Windows version) provides instructions for creating a dump.
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6 — S HAPTER ERVICING THE RIVE Notes 1013187 RODUCT ANUAL...
PECIFICATIONS This chapter provides specifications for the Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2). RANSFER ATES Table 7-1 lists the data transfer rates that the tape drive can achieve. Table 7-1 Maximum data transfer rates in megabytes per second Burst transfer rate Interface...
24 hours to prevent damage from condensation. AFETY AND EGULATORY OMPLIANCE The Magnum Tape Drive (LTO-2) complies with the regulatory agency standards listed on the product label located on the enclosure when installed in accordance with this manual. 1013187...
See tape cartridge. cartridge door On a tape cartridge, the hinged barrier that can be opened to access, or closed to protect, the magnetic tape within the cartridge. cartridge memory See LTO cartridge memory. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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LOSSARY Celsius (C) Having a thermostatic scale on which the interval between the freezing point and the boiling point of water is divided into 100 degrees, with 0 degrees representing the freezing point and 100 degrees representing the boiling point. cleaning cartridge A tape cartridge that is used to clean the heads of a tape drive.
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Maintained by the tape drive, a list that contains the ten most recent error codes. The codes identify errors that pertain to the drive. Exabyte (1) A network storage backup company that designs, manufactures, and markets industry-leading data storage products including tape drives and automated tape libraries.
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LOSSARY Generation 1 The informal name for the Ultrium tape drive, which is the predecessor of the tape drive (Generation 2). The Generation 1 drive has a native storage capacity of up to 100 GB per cartridge and a native sustained data transfer rate of 15 MB per second.
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LOSSARY media The plural of medium. medium A physical material in or on which data may be represented, such as magnetic tape. Megabyte (MB) One million (1 000 000) bytes. msec Millisecond; one-thousandth of a second. network A configuration of data processing devices and software that is connected for information interchange.
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SCSI sense bytes which contains that information and which is sent back to the server by the drive. Log sense data is used to diagnose problems, especially if the problems are intermittent. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM...
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LOSSARY second One sixtieth of a minute. sense data Data that describes an I/O error. Sense data is presented to a server in response to a Sense I/O command. server A functional unit that provides services to one or more clients over a network.
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Formally defined as the difference of electric potential between two points of a conductor that carries a constant current of one ampere when the power dissipated between these points is equal to one watt. 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM...
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LOSSARY wet bulb temperature The temperature at which pure water must be evaporated adiabatically at constant pressure into a given sample of air in order to saturate the air under steady-state conditions. Wet bulb temperature is read from a wet bulb thermometer. write To make a permanent or transient recording of data in a storage device or on a data medium.
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SCSI power capacity SCSI bus cartridge connectors, back panel capacities contacting Exabyte cleaning converting an FMR tape to a scratch compatibility tape loading copy drive dump to tape loading into tape drive create FMR tape...
TapeAlert flags See also cartridge troubleshooting tips data transfer rates using sense data degaussing a data cartridge Exabyte, contacting device drivers exiting maintenance mode diagnostics clear error code log copy drive dump to tape display error code log...
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Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Cartridge Memory POST (CM) description loading a cartridge enabling/disabling error reporting low-power mode LTO cartridge memory 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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NDEX power SCSI connectors connecting to tape drive connecting cables specifications location power cable, connecting to tape drive SCSI ID priorities power connector setting location SCSI ID switch power connector, location location power indicator, location using power specifications SCSI terminator, installing power switch selecting maintenance mode location...
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Technical Support temperature range specifications data cartridge tape drive terminator, installing transfer rate troubleshooting tips Ultra160 LVD SCSI interface 4, unload button location using for panic reset using to eject cartridge unpacking upgrading firmware 2005 (LTO-2) UGUST XABYTE AGNUM RIVE...
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