Preface
Notational conventions
This section describes notational conventions used in this book.
bold monospace
monospace
italic
Brackets ( [ ] )
Curly brackets ({}),
Pipe (|)
xiv
In command examples,
identifies input that must be typed exactly as
shown.
In paragraph text, monospace identifies
command names, system calls, and data
structures and types.
In command examples, monospace identifies
command output, including error messages.
In paragraph text, italic identifies titles of
documents.
In command syntax diagrams, italic identifies
variables that you must provide.
The following command example uses
brackets to indicate that the variable
output_file is optional:
command input_file [output_file]
In command examples, square brackets
designate optional entries.
In command syntax diagrams, text
surrounded by curly brackets indicates a
choice. The choices available are shown inside
the curly brackets and separated by the pipe
sign (|).
The following command example indicates
that you can enter either a or b:
command {a | b}
bold monospace
Preface