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20.
USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS
20.2.3
ANTIFREEZE
Low silicate ethylene glycol antifreeze is recommended. The antifreeze should contain no more than 0.1% anhydrous
alkali metasilicate.
Low silicate antifreeze is recommended
to avoid the formation of silica-gel (hydro-gel). This gel
formation can occur when the cooling system contains an over concentration of high silicate antifreeze and/or supple-
mental coolant additive. DO NOT use methanol or alcohol as an antifreeze because of its low boiling point. Antifreeze
may retain its freeze protection for more than one season but coolant conditioners must be added to maintain corrosion
protection. Antifreeze formulated with methoxy propanol, or propylene glycol, is not recommended
for this system.
REMARK
Do not mix types of antifreeze solutions. Mixed solutions make it impossible to determine the protection against
freezing. Antifreeze containing sealer or antileak additives should NOT be used in this system. Sealer or antileak
additives will cause plugging problems in the cooling system.
A
WARNING
Use extreme caution when adding coolant to a hot radiator to avoid being burned. Wear gloves and goggles
and keep face away from the filler neck.
Check the solution periodically
and at normal operating temperature,
to be sure the cooling system has sufficient
protection against freezing. An antifreeze concentration
greater than 68% will adversely affect freeze protection and
heat transfer rates. Antifreeze concentrations
between 68% and 100% actually have a higher freezing point than a
68% antifreeze concentration
and should not be used due to reduced heat transfer rates.
REMARK
Do not use a 100% antifreeze solution for freezing protection, This will cause severe corrosion in the cooling
system and if not detected will cause radiator and oil cooler core damage. Use a water/antifreeze
solution as
described in the following table.
The following table shows the approximate
percentage of antifreeze solution required for various temperatures.
Approximate
Freezing Point
Percentage of Antifreeze
Concentration
by Volume
Specific Gravity at 16°C (60°F)
0°C (+32"F)
0
1.000
-7°C
(+2O"F)
15
1.025
-12°C
(+lO"F)
25
1.040
-18°C
(0°F)
33
1.053
-23°C
(-10°F)
40
1.062
-29°C
(-20°F)
45
1.070
-34°C
(-30°F)
48
1.074
-40°C
(-40°F)
53
1.080
-46°C
(-50°F)
56
1.083
-51 "C (-60°F)
59
1.088
-57°C
(-70°F)
62
1.092
-62°C
(-80°F)
65
1.095
-68°C
(-90°F)
67
1.097
-96°C
(-92°F)
68
1.098
3-l 1
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