Page 1 DSP-4000 Series ™ CableAnalyzer Users Manual PN 1580351 July 2000 © 2000 Fluke Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
Page 2 Fluke Networks’ authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end- user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Networks. Fluke Networks’ warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke Networks option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within the warranty period.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Chapter Page Introduction ..................1-1 Contacting Fluke Networks................1-1 Overview of Features ..................1-2 Standard Accessories..................1-4 Using This Manual ..................1-6 Getting Started ................. 2-1 Read First: Safety and Operational Information..........2-1 Quick Start....................... 2-4 Using the Link Interface Adapters ..............2-5 Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100)............
Page 4 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest .................... 3-1 Autotest Softkeys .................... 3-1 Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable ..............3-2 Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom) ..........3-5 Worst Margin and Worst Value Results ............3-5 Automatic Diagnostics..................3-6 Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable ............3-7 Autotest on Coaxial Cable ................
Page 5 Contents (continued) Crosstalk......................7-11 NEXT ......................7-11 FEXT and ELFEXT ..................7-12 Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems............7-14 Power Sum Values ..................7-17 Propagation Delay and Delay Skew ..............7-18 Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) ............7-19 High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR)....... 7-20 ACR.........................
Page 6 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...
Page 7 List of Tables Table Title Page 2-1. International Electrical Symbols ..............2-1 2-2. Key Functions for the Menu System ............... 2-4 2-3. Quick Configuration Settings ................2-8 2-4. Main Unit Features ..................2-18 2-5. Remote Connectors and Features ..............2-21 2-6.
Page 8 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...
Page 9 List of Figures Figure Title Page 1-1. Standard Accessories..................1-5 2-1. Attaching a Link Interface Adapter ..............2-6 2-2. Inserting and Removing the Memory card ............2-7 2-3. The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy ............. 2-9 2-4. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link ............. 2-12 2-5.
Page 10 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 7-3. Coaxial Cable Construction ................7-4 7-4. Basic Link Test Connections ................7-5 7-5. Channel Test Connections ................7-6 7-6. Attenuation of a Signal ................... 7-7 7-7. Sources of Electrical Noise ................7-8 7-8. How FEXT Signals are All Equally Attenuated ..........7-13 7-9.
Page 11: Introduction
• A guide to using this manual. Contacting Fluke Networks Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www.flukenetworks.com. To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service center, call: • USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) •...
Page 12: Overview Of Features
Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades. The Fluke Networks DSP-4000 Series LAN CableAnalyzers™ (hereafter referred to as “the test tool”) are hand-held instruments used to certify, test, and troubleshoot coaxial and twisted pair cable in local area network (LAN) installations.
Page 13 • Tone generator lets you use an inductive pickup device, such as the Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe, to identify cables in a LAN installation. •...
Page 14: Standard Accessories
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Standard Accessories A DSP-4000 Series test tool comes with the following accessories, which are shown in Figure 1-1. If the test tool is damaged or something is missing, contact the place of purchase immediately. • 1 DSP-4000SR or DSP-4100SR remote unit (not shown) •...
Page 15 Introduction Standard Accessories RJ45 to BNC Coaxial Adapter Cable DSP-4000 Calibration Module DSP-LIA011 (2) DSP-LIA012 (2) CableManager Software CD RS-232 Cable Nickel-Metal Hydride (2) Battery Pack Headsets (2) Straps (2) DSP-4100 Memory Card AC Adapter/Charger Memory Card Reader oy01f.eps Figure 1-1. Standard Accessories...
Page 16: Using This Manual
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Using This Manual Warning Before using the test tool, carefully read "Safety and Operational Information" at the beginning of Chapter 2. Except where noted, the information in this manual applies to all DSP-4000 Series test tools. If you are familiar with the general features, functions, and operation of LAN cable testers and want to start testing cables immediately, proceed as follows: 1.
Page 17 Introduction Using This Manual If you have never used a LAN cable tester and want to learn about cable testing and troubleshooting before you use the test tool, proceed as follows: 1. Read Chapter 7, “Basic Cable Testing,” to learn the basics of LAN cable characteristics, testing, and interpreting test results.
Page 18 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...
Page 19: Getting Started
Chapter 2 Getting Started Chapter 2 provides the following information: • Safety and cautions to observe when using the test tool. • Instructions for getting started quickly with the test tool. • Detailed information on the test tool’s features. • Detailed instructions on configuring the test tool.
Page 20 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Warning To avoid possible fire, electric shock, personal injury, or damage to the test tool • If this product is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the product may be impaired. •...
Page 21 Getting Started Read First: Safety and Operational Information • Never attempt to insert any connector other than an RJ45 connector into the RJ45 jack. Inserting other connectors, such as RJ11 (telephone) connectors, can permanently damage the jack. • Never attempt to send data from a PC to the test tool while running a cable test.
Page 22: Quick Start
Test Adapters, refer to the Fiber Test Adapter users manual. Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades. Powering the Test Tool Before powering the test tool or remote with the NiMH battery pack, charge the battery for about 3 hours.
Page 23: Using The Link Interface Adapters
Optional link interface adapters that provide additional functions are available from your Fluke Networks dealer. Figure 2-1 shows how to attach a link interface adapter. Self-calibration is not required when you change adapters. The test tool displays a message if you try to run a test that is not supported by the attached link interface adapter.
Page 24: Formatting The Memory Card (Dsp-4100)
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual oy72f.eps Figure 2-1. Attaching a Link Interface Adapter Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100) Autotest results you save on a DSP-4100 test tool are stored on a removable memory card. One 16 MB card is included with the test tool. Compatible cards of different capacities can also be used in the test tool.
Page 25 Getting Started Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100) Inserting the card Removing the card Push button to eject card oy79f.eps Figure 2-2. Inserting and Removing the Memory card To see the status of the memory card, press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays or select Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode.
Page 26: Quick Configuration
Test Standard Select the test standard and cable type you are using. Fiber optic cable and Cable Type testing requires a Fluke Networks DSP-FTA410 Fiber Test Adapter or a Fluke Networks DSP-FOM (Fiber Optic Meter; comes with the DSP-FTK). Report Enter your company’s name, operators’...
Page 27: Results Within Accuracy Range
Getting Started Results within Accuracy Range To change any of the settings shown in Table 2-3, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. If the setting you want to change is not on the first Setup screen, press $ Page Down to see additional Setup screens.
Page 28: Autotest On Twisted Pair Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to determine if the cable you are testing meets the test standards specified for your LAN installation. The following tests apply to twisted pair cable: •...
Page 29: Saving Test Reports
Getting Started Saving Test Reports 1. Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units. Refer to the table in the Appendix. 2. Turn the remote’s rotary switch to ON. 3. Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link. For channel testing, connect using the network equipment patch cord.
Page 30 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Test equipment cord Test equipment Basic Link LIA cord Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 2-4. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link 2-12...
Page 31 Getting Started Saving Test Reports Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 2-5. Typical Test Connections for a Channel 2-13...
Page 32: Using The Talk Mode
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Using the Talk Mode The Talk mode allows two-way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable (Fiber Test Adapters are required for fiber cable). Two-way communication over twisted pair cable requires two good wire pairs. Note The Talk mode is disabled during cable tests.
Page 33: Autotest On Coaxial Cable
Getting Started Autotest on Coaxial Cable Autotest on Coaxial Cable The following tests are run during an Autotest on coaxial cable: • Impedance • Resistance • Length • Anomaly detection (Results shown only if anomalies are detected.) To run an Autotest on coaxial cable, refer to Figure 2-6 and proceed as follows: 1.
Page 34 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO TEST ENTER SAVE MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.epc Figure 2-6. Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable 2-16...
Page 35: Main Unit Features
Getting Started Main Unit Features Main Unit Features Figure 2-7 shows the features on the main unit and Table 2-4 explains their functions. DSP-4100 Side Plate DSP-4000 Side Plate EXIT FAULT TALK INFO SAVE TEST ENTER MONITOR SINGLE SETUP TEST AUTO PRINT TEST...
Page 36 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 2-4. Main Unit Features Item Feature Description Rotary Switch Selects the test tool’s modes. Starts the highlighted test or restarts the test last run. Automatically provides more specific information on the cause of an Autotest failure. Exits the current screen without saving any changes you made.
Page 37 Getting Started Main Unit Features Table 2-4. Main Unit Features (cont.) Item Feature Description AC power indicator LED off, Battery is not charging. unit turned off The charger is not plugged in. LED off, Battery is not charging. unit turned on The charger is not plugged in or the test tool is running a test.
Page 38: Remote Features
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Remote Features Figure 2-8 shows the features on the remote unit, and Table 2-5 explains their functions. PASS TESTING FAIL TALKING LOW BATTERY TALK oy06f.eps Figure 2-8. Remote Features 2-20...
Page 39 Getting Started Remote Features Table 2-5. Remote Connectors and Features Item Feature Description RS-232C serial port A DB9P connector for loading software updates. 2.5 mm phone jack Connection for the headset supplied with the test tool. AC adapter/ Connection for the ac adapter/charger supplied with the test charger jack tool.
Page 40: Link Interface Adapter Features
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Link Interface Adapter Features Figure 2-9 explains the features of the standard link interface adapters. DSP-LIA011 DSP-LIA012 oy71f.ep DSP-LIA011 cable Shielded Cat 5 twisted pair cable with a shielded Cat 5 RJ45 and plug plug for testing basic link installations. DSP-LIA012 jack Shielded Cat 5 RJ45 jack for testing channel installations.
Page 41: Strap And Bail
Getting Started Strap and Bail Strap and Bail The test tool and the remote have a strap and a bail. Figure 2-10 shows how to attach the strap and open the bail. oy07f.eps Figure 2-10. Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on the main unit.
Page 42 For a list of the tests and limits associated with common standards, see the document provided on the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. • Headroom: Reports the worst-case margin for a parameter determined by selected test standard.
Page 43 Getting Started Rotary Switch • Attenuation: Measures the attenuation of each cable pair. • Resistance: Measures the loop resistance of each cable pair. • ACR: Calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk for all combinations of cable pairs. • RL (Return Loss): Measures signal loss due to signal reflections in the cable. •...
Page 44 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Monitor The MONITOR mode lets you continuously monitor impulse noise on twisted pair network cables. With the optional DSP-LIA013 link interface adapter, you can monitor network activity on Ethernet systems. Network activity is monitored for collisions, jabber, and percentage of system utilization. The traffic adapter also includes a hub port locator, which helps you determine port connections at a hub, and a hub port capabilities feature that determines the standards supported by a port.
Page 45 • Change the cable identification assigned to a saved Autotest report. • Generate a tone to use with an inductive pickup device, such as the Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe, to identify cable runs. • Determine the cable NVP to ensure maximum accuracy of length and resistance results.
Page 46: Turning On The Test Tool
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Turning On the Test Tool To turn on the test tool, turn the rotary switch from OFF to any one of the available modes. The power-up screen, which appears for about 3 seconds, shows the software, hardware, and test standards versions for the main and remote units. (The remote information is shown only if the remote is on and connected to the main unit.) For a longer look at the power-up screen, hold down any key while turning the test tool on.
Page 47 Getting Started Turning On the Test Tool Performing a Self-Test The self-test verifies that the test tool, link interface adapters, and remote are operating properly. To run the self-test, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. Turn the remote on. 2.
Page 48: Configuring The Test Tool
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Noise Test The test tool periodically checks for excessive electrical noise on the cable under test. Noise sources include nearby electrical equipment and transmitters. If excessive noise is detected, the following message appears: WARNING Excessive noise detected. Measurement accuracy may be degraded.
Page 49 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool When the backlight time-out is enabled, the backlight timer starts counting down after all tests are complete or after the last key entry or movement of the rotary switch. To restart the backlight timer while the backlight is on, press any key (except the backlight key) or turn the rotary switch to a new mode.
Page 50 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type The test standard and cable type you select determine which standards are used and which tests are run during cable testing. The test tool is equipped with information for all the common test standards and cable types. Several of the test standards for twisted pair cable are defined for both a channel and a basic link configuration.
Page 51 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Editing the Report Identification The report identification includes a custom header (your company name, for example), an operator name, and a site name. These items appear on saved Autotest reports. You can view and edit this information as follows: 1.
Page 52 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Automatically Incrementing the Cable Identification The cable identification (cable ID) is the name you assign to the Autotest results saved for a cable. The test tool’s auto increment and auto sequence functions increment alphanumeric characters (letters or numbers) in the cable ID each time you save Autotest results, as follows: •...
Page 53 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Determining a Range of Cable IDs for the Auto Sequence Function Use the following guidelines when determining a range of cable IDs to use with the auto sequence function. • Cable IDs can contain a maximum of 18 letters, numbers, and special characters (such as -, #, and spaces).
Page 54 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Enabling and Configuring the Auto Sequence Function 1. Determine the range of cable names you want to use for your Autotests. (Refer to the previous section.) 2. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 3. Use D to highlight the auto increment setting; then press ! Choice. 4.
Page 55 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Storing Plot Data with Saved Autotest Results (DSP-4100) When STORE PLOT DATA is enabled, saved Autotest results include plot data from tests such as the attenuation and NEXT tests. HDTDX and HDTDR plots are also saved with the Autotest results.
Page 56 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Selecting a Numeric Format The test tool displays decimal fractions with a decimal point separator (0.00) or a comma separator (0,00). To change the numeric format, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2.
Page 57 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Setting the Power-Down Timer To extend battery life, you can set the power-down timer to automatically switch the test tool to a low-power mode after a selected period of inactivity. You can also disable the power-down timer. When the test tool switches to low-power mode, the display goes blank.
Page 58: Remote Lights, Messages, And Audible Tones
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Remote Lights, Messages, and Audible Tones The remote indicates various states by flashing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and emitting audible tones, as described in Table 2-6. Table 2-6. Status Indications from the Remote Status Remote Indications Power on self-test passed. The unit beeps and all LEDs flash in sequence.
Page 59: Battery Status
VOLTAGE IS TOO LOW TO OPERATE. You might need to charge the battery for a short time before the remote will operate. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE BATTERY Have the lithium battery replaced at a Fluke VOLTAGE IS LOW. Networks Service Center. Battery Status Display To see the charge level of the main unit’s NiMH battery, turn the rotary switch to...
Page 60 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 2-42...
Page 61: Autotest
Autotest Softkeys Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades. The following softkey functions are active on various Autotest screens. ! or @ View Result: ! shows the results of the last Autotest run.
Page 62: Autotest On Twisted Pair Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable The procedures for an Autotest on shielded and unshielded twisted pair cable are the same. The test tool tests shield continuity if shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the cable type was selected in SETUP. To run the Autotest on twisted pair cable, refer to Figure 3-1 or 3-2 and proceed as follows: 1.
Page 63 Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Test equipment cord Test equipment Basic Link LIA cord Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 3-1. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link...
Page 64 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 3-2. Typical Test Connections for a Channel...
Page 65: Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom)
Autotest Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom) Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom) When an Autotest is complete, the display shows the overall result (pass or fail) and the headroom value. Headroom may be taken from NEXT, ACR, PSNEXT, or another critical parameter required by the selected standard. Headroom is the smallest difference found between a measurement and its limit.
Page 66: Automatic Diagnostics
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Automatic Diagnostics If an Autotest fails, you can press F to see more specific information on the cause of the failure. Figure 3-3 shows examples of automatic diagnostics displays for a NEXT failure and an open pin failure. The arrow in the diagram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure.
Page 67: Autotest Results For Twisted Pair Cable
The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cable depend on the test standard selected. Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed. For a list of the tests and limits associated with common test standards, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. Wire Map Test The wire map test tests and displays the wire connections between the near and far ends of the cable on all four pairs.
Page 68 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 3-1. Wire Map Displays (continued) Display Wire Map (only affected pairs shown) Description Condition Crossed wires A wire in the 1,2 pair is crossed with a wire in the 3,6 pair. Wiring does not form a recognizable circuit. Reversed pairs Wires 1 and 2 are crossed.
Page 69 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Resistance The resistance test measures the dc loop resistance for each cable pair. The resistance results screen displays the resistance, limit, and pass/fail result for each cable pair. A PASS result means that the measured resistance is less than the limit.
Page 70 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delays are the times taken in nanoseconds for a test pulse to travel the length of each cable pair. Delay skews are the differences in propagation delays between the shortest delay, which is displayed as 0 ns, and the delays of the other cable pairs.
Page 71 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Note An incorrect temperature setting can cause false attenuation results. You can change the temperature setting in the SETUP mode, as described in “Configuring the Test Tool” in Chapter 2. The attenuation test measures the loss of signal strength over the length of the cable.
Page 72 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the attenuation plot screen. Figure 3-4 describes an example of the screen. oy10c.eps The cable pair relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between frequency scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.
Page 73 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable NEXT Test The NEXT test measures the crosstalk between cable pairs at the near end of the cable. This crosstalk value is expressed as the difference in amplitude (in dB) between the test signal and the crosstalk signal. NEXT is measured from both ends of the cable over a frequency range defined by the selected test standard.
Page 74 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the NEXT plot screen. Figure 3-5 describes an example of the screen. oy11c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.
Page 75 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable NEXT@REMOTE The NEXT@REMOTE test and its results are identical to the NEXT test described above, except that the NEXT@REMOTE measurements are taken from the remote end of the cable. ELFEXT Test The ELFEXT (equal level far-end crosstalk) test calculates the ratio of FEXT to attenuation for each cable pair.
Page 76 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 3-4. Items on the ELFEXT Results Screen Item Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ELFEXT result. The pair not listed as the Atten. Pair produced the FEXT used in the ELFEXT calculation Atten. The pair that produced the attenuation value used in the ELFEXT calculation.
Page 77 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Pressing # View Plot produces the ELFEXT plot screen. Figure 3-6 describes an example of the screen. oy76c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.
Page 78 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The ACR test calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk (ACR) for each combination of cable pairs. ACR is expressed as the difference (in dB) between the measured NEXT and attenuation values. ACR is calculated using values obtained from the NEXT and attenuation tests.
Page 79 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Pressing # View Plot produces the ACR plot screen. Figure 3-7 describes an example of the screen. oy12c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz of the ACR test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. The ACR level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.
Page 80 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual ACR@REMOTE The ACR@REMOTE test is identical to the ACR test, except that the ACR values are calculated using NEXT@REMOTE values. Return Loss (RL) The RL test measures the difference between a test signal’s amplitude and the amplitude of signal reflections returned by the cable.
Page 81 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Pressing # View Plot produces the RL plot screen. Figure 3-8 describes an example of the screen. oy13c.eps The cable pair relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz of the RL test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. The RL level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.
Page 82: Autotest On Coaxial Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RL@REMOTE The RL@REMOTE test is identical to the RL test, except that the RL values are measured from the remote end of the cable. PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT) and PSNEXT@REMOTE The PSNEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs.
Page 83 Autotest Autotest on Coaxial Cable For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO TEST ENTER SAVE MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.eps Figure 3-9. Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable 3-23...
Page 84: Autotest Results For Coaxial Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 1. Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit. 2. Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable you are testing. 3. If you want the Autotest to report cable length, remove the terminator from the far end of the cable.
Page 85 Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cable Resistance The resistance test measures the loop resistance of the cable and the terminator. If a terminator is not connected or if the cable is open, the resistance value is reported as OPEN. If the cable or the terminator is shorted, the resistance value is reported as near 0 Ω.
Page 86: Saving Autotest Results
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Saving Autotest Results A DSP-4000 test tool can store the results of 500 or more Autotests, depending on the test standard used. Results are stored in text-only format. A DSP-4100 with STORE PLOT DATA enabled can store at least 250 Autotests in graphical format on a 16 MB multimedia card, depending on the standard used.
Page 87 Autotest Saving Autotest Results A warning screen appears if you try to save a test report with the same name as a previously saved report. On a DSP-4000 test tool, pressing S saves the new report with the duplicate name, but with the current date and time. The DSP-4100 test tool does not let you save reports with duplicate IDs.
Page 88 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled The following steps assume you have already enabled the auto sequence function and entered a start ID and end ID, which define the range of cable IDs available. See “Automatically Incrementing the Cable Identification” in Chapter 2 for details. 1.
Page 89 Autotest Saving Autotest Results If you try to save an Autotest after the last ID in the range has been used, the list of saved reports shows that no IDs are available (all are marked with a “$”). To save additional results, set up a new range of IDs in SETUP, or use the ! Edit or @ New softkey as described above to create a new ID for each additional Autotest.
Page 90: The Autotest Report
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The Autotest Report With CableManager software you can upload reports to a PC for viewing and printing. The CableManager appendix in this manual shows examples of complete Autotest reports for twisted pair cable. You can send Autotest reports directly to a serial printer or edit the report’s identification information in the PRINT mode.
Page 91: Running Individual Tests
Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests Chapter 4 provides the following information: • Instructions for running Single Tests on twisted pair cable. • Descriptions of the test results produced by the HDTDX™ analyzer and HDTDR™ test. • Instructions for running Single Tests on coaxial cable. •...
Page 92: Scanning Function
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Scanning Function The Single Test versions of the wire map, resistance, HDTDR, and HDTDX analyzer tests include a scanning function, which you can activate by pressing the # Scanning ON softkey. The scanning function runs the test repeatedly and updates the display each time a test is complete.
Page 93 Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit Table 4-1. Remote Requirements for Cable Tests Test Remote Unit Autotest Required. Wire Map Required. NEXT, Recommended for NEXT; required for NEXT@REMOTE. NEXT@REMOTE ELFEXT Required. Test available only in Autotest mode. Length Optional.
Page 94: Running A Single Test On Twisted Pair Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cable To run a test as a Single Test, refer to Figure 4-1 and proceed as follows: Note For instructions on running the HDTDR test or HDTDX analyzer, see the later sections on those topics in this chapter. 1.
Page 95 Running Individual Tests Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cable Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy08f.eps Figure 4-1.
Page 96: The Hdtdx Analyzer
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX™ (High-Definition Time Domain Crosstalk) analyzer displays the locations where crosstalk occurs on the cable under test. The HDTDX test uses very short (2 ns) test pulses, which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems, resulting in more accurate distance-to-fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots.
Page 97 Running Individual Tests The HDTDX Analyzer If the test tool does not detect a remote, the following message appears: NO REMOTE DETECTED. HDTDX Analyzer Results When the HDTDX analyzer test is complete, the HDTDX analyzer results screen appears. Table 4-2 describes the items on the analyzer screen. Table 4-2.
Page 98 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Plot To view a HDTDX analyzer plot for a set of cable pairs, use D U to highlight the pairs, then press # View Plot to see the plot screen for the pairs. Figure 4-2 describes an example of a HDTDX analyzer plot.
Page 99: The Hdtdr Test
Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test The HDTDR Test The HDTDR™ (High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry) test helps you locate sources of return loss on a cable by reporting the locations of signal reflections caused by impedance anomalies. The test is run from both ends of the cable (if the remote is used) for improved visibility of far-end anomalies.
Page 100 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 4-3. Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results Cable Type Listed Results Show the Following Plotted Results Show the Termination Following Displays the message No Remote Twisted pair All reflections are shown. Detected. Results show the two with no remote largest reflections greater than or equal...
Page 101 Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test Running the HDTDR Test on Twisted Pair Cable To run the HDTDR test on twisted pair cable, proceed as follows: 1. Disconnect any PCs from the link you are testing. 2. Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the main and remote units. 3.
Page 102 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDR Results Screen When the HDTDR test is complete, the HDTDR results screen appears. Table 4-4 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-4. Items on an HDTDR Results Screen (Twisted Pair Results) Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results.
Page 103 Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test oy21c.eps The cable pair relevant to the results. The peak value as reported on the results screen. The distance along the cable under test. The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool.
Page 104: Single Test Results For Twisted Pair Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable The Single Test results for twisted pair cable are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted in the following paragraphs. Tests not required by the selected test standard produce a Warning result when measured values exceed the test’s limits.
Page 105 Running Individual Tests Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable Impedance The impedance test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) The attenuation test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Attenuation”...
Page 106: Single Tests For Coaxial Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cable The Single Test mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the coaxial cable tests available in the Autotest mode. The HDTDR test is also available as a Single Test for coaxial cable. The coaxial cable tests available as Single Tests produce results displayed in the same format as displayed in the Autotest mode.
Page 107 Running Individual Tests Single Tests for Coaxial Cable For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO TEST ENTER SAVE MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy22f.eps Figure 4-4.
Page 108 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Coaxial Cable The Single Test results for coaxial cable are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted as follows. Impedance Identical to Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Resistance Identical to Autotest version.
Page 109: Monitoring Network Activity
10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX twisted pair cable. This feature lets you identify active cables and provides some information on network activity. If you want to troubleshoot active networks, contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools.
Page 110 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Notes To extend battery life, use the ac adapter/charger when monitoring network traffic for extended periods. While monitoring network traffic, the test tool’s automatic power-down function is disabled. The Monitor jack does not support the Talk mode. 1.
Page 111 Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity Table 4-5. Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen Item Description Utilization Percentage of the network’s transmission bandwidth used over the last 1 Last 1 second. Utilization includes correct frames, collisions, and jabber. The percentage indicates the current traffic density. second Utilization The average of all the 1-second utilization percentages since the start of the...
Page 112: Identifying Hub Port Connections
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Identifying Hub Port Connections The hub port locator helps you determine which port a cable is connected to at a hub. The locator sends a link pulse to the hub, causing the port’s LED to blink. To identify a hub port connection, proceed as follows: 1.
Page 113 Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold You can set the impulse noise threshold to a value from 10 mV to 500 mV in increments of 10 mV. The default noise threshold value is 270 mV. To change the noise threshold, proceed as follows: 1.
Page 114 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RJ45 Jack Wall Outlet 2 Meters 2 Meters DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER Patch Panel DSP-4000 SMART REMOTE Test Tool EXIT PASS FAULT TALK TESTING INFO FAIL TEST ENTER SAVE TALKING MONITOR SINGLE SETUP TEST LOW BATTERY AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL...
Page 115 Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise Noise Test Results As the noise test runs, the displayed test results are updated every second after the first 10-second sample period. Table 4-6 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-6. Items on the Noise Monitor Screen Item Description Impulse...
Page 116: Determining Hub Port Capabilities
4. Use D to highlight HUB Port Capabilities; then press E. Using the Tone Generator If you have an inductive pickup device, such as a Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe, you can use the test tool’s tone generator to identify twisted pair and coaxial cable runs and connections.
Page 117: Viewing And Printing Saved Reports
Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Chapter 5 provides the following information: • Instructions for sending saved test reports to a serial printer. • Instructions for viewing, deleting, and renaming test reports saved in the test tool’s memory. Printing Test Reports This section describes how to send reports directly to a printer.
Page 118 The pin configuration for the cable provided and for Fluke’s 9-to 25-pin adapter is given in “Specifications” in Chapter 8. Refer to your printer’s manual for specifications on...
Page 119 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports Printing To send a report through the test tool’s serial port directly to a serial printer, refer to Figure 5-1 and proceed as follows: Test Tool oy25f.eps Figure 5-1. Connections for Printing Test Reports 1.
Page 120 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual • Selected Autotest Reports: Displays the SELECT AUTOTEST REPORTS screen where you can select the reports you want to print, as follows: 1. Use # Page Up, $ Page Down, and D U to highlight a report label.
Page 121 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports If the Printer Does Not Respond If the printer does not respond correctly to the test tool, the message Serial Port Error appears. In this case, check the following: • Verify that the printer is online. •...
Page 122: Viewing, Renaming, And Deleting Test Reports
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Viewing, Renaming, and Deleting Test Reports To view test reports, delete test reports, or rename the cable identification given on a saved report, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2. Press E to select View/Delete Test Reports. The VIEW/DELETE TEST REPORTS screen appears showing the first screen of test report labels.
Page 123: Calibrations And Custom Test Standards
To ensure maximum accuracy of test results, perform the self-calibration every 30 days. The test tool requires a traceable calibration once a year to ensure that it meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications. To return a unit to Fluke Networks for calibration, call an authorized Fluke Networks Service Center for return instructions.
Page 124 Check the main unit, remote unit, and the calibration module for damaged connectors. If the self calibration continues to fail, send the main and remote units and the cable adapters to the nearest Fluke Networks service center. See “Service Center Repair” in Chapter 8 for details.
Page 125: Nvp Calibration
Calibrations and Custom Test Standards NVP Calibration NVP Calibration The Determine Cable NVP function allows you to determine the NVP (nominal velocity of propagation) for a known length of cable and save the value for additional measurements of unknown lengths of the same type of cable. The calibrated NVP value applies only to the selected test standard.
Page 126: Configuring A Custom Test
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Configuring a Custom Test The Configure Custom Test function allows you to define custom standards for up to four custom tests. The following parameters and tests are available (tests available depend on the default standard you select): •...
Page 127 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Configuring a Custom Test During the configuration process, you can abandon the changes you have made by pressing ! Abort. To reset a parameter back to the default value, highlight the parameter; then press @ Set to Default. To reset all of the parameters back to default values, highlight the test standard on Page 1 of the configuration screens;...
Page 128 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...
Page 129: Basic Cable Testing
Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing Chapter 7 provides the following information: • A description of LAN cable construction • A description of channel and basic link configurations • Explanations of LAN cable tests • Explanations of the HDTDX™ and HDTDR™ analyzer tests and plots •...
Page 130 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cables are designed to perform best in specific applications. For example, power cables are designed to minimize power losses at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. LAN cables are designed to minimize signal distortion at higher frequencies. Two types of cables are designed for use with LAN systems: twisted pair cable and coaxial cable.
Page 131 Basic Cable Testing LAN Cable Construction Figure 7-2 shows the pin connections and wire colors for correct wiring to TIA 568A and 568B standards. 568A Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4...
Page 132: Coaxial Cable
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable consists of a conductor surrounded first by an insulating material, then by a braided conductive sheath, as shown in Figure 7-3. In LAN applications, the sheath is electrically grounded and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise.
Page 133: Basic Link And Channel Connections
Basic Cable Testing Basic Link and Channel Connections Basic Link and Channel Connections The cable links you test may or may not include equipment patch cables and extra transition connections in the telecommunications closet and work area. For example, cable installers are often responsible only for the permanent cable installed between the closet and the first wall outlet in the work area.
Page 134 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual A channel includes the transition connectors and equipment patch cables added to a basic link segment. The channel should be tested from end to end to verify the performance of all the components. In this case, you use the equipment patch cables to connect your test tool to the channel, as shown in Figure 7-5.
Page 135: Attenuation (Insertion Loss)
Basic Cable Testing Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Attenuation is a decrease in signal strength over the length of a cable, as shown in Figure 7-6. Cable Signal Signal Receiver Source Loss oy30f.eps Figure 7-6. Attenuation of a Signal Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable wire and by leakage of energy through the cable’s insulating material.
Page 136: Noise
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Noise Electrical noise is unwanted electrical signals that alter the shape of the signals transmitted on a LAN cable. Figure 7-7 shows an example of how noise affects the shape of an electrical signal known as a sine wave. Signals that are severely distorted by noise can cause communication errors in a LAN.
Page 137: Characteristic Impedance
Basic Cable Testing Characteristic Impedance LAN cables act as antennas that can pick up noise from fluorescent lights, electric motors, electric heaters, photocopiers, refrigerators, elevators, and other electronic devices. Coaxial cable is far less susceptible to noise than twisted pair cable because it is shielded by a conductive sheath.
Page 138: Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Characteristic impedance is usually altered slightly by cable connections and terminations. Sharp bends or kinks in LAN cable can also alter the cable’s characteristic impedance. Networks can operate with small discontinuities because the resulting signal reflections are small and are attenuated in the cable. Larger impedance discontinuities can interfere with data transmission.
Page 139: Crosstalk
Basic Cable Testing Crosstalk Crosstalk Crosstalk is undesirable signal transmission from one cable pair to another nearby pair. Like electrical noise from outside sources, crosstalk can cause communication problems in networks. Of all the characteristics of LAN cable operation, crosstalk has the greatest effect on network performance. The test tool makes two crosstalk measurements: NEXT and ELFEXT.
Page 140: Fext And Elfext
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual FEXT and ELFEXT FEXT (far-end crosstalk) is the difference between the amplitude of a far end test signal applied to one wire pair and the resulting crosstalk at the near end on a different wire pair. Like NEXT, FEXT is expressed in decibels, and higher FEXT values correspond to better cable performance.
Page 141 Basic Cable Testing FEXT and ELFEXT Signal source Resulting NEXT signal B travels farther than A NEXT Signal source FEXT signals C and D travel the same distance Resulting (the length of the cable) FEXT oy70f.eps Figure 7-8. How FEXT Signals are All Equally Attenuated 7-13...
Page 142: Locating Next And Elfext Problems
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems If the test tool reports a NEXT or ELFEXT failure on a cable pair, you can use the HDTDX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk problem. Like the HDTDR results, the HDTDX analyzer results are presented in both a list and a plot format.
Page 143 Basic Cable Testing Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems The vertical scale represents the magnitude of the crosstalk detected. The crosstalk levels shown on the plot are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation. Without this adjustment, the peak on the right side of the plot (farther from the test tool) would appear much smaller.
Page 144 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Split Pairs and NEXT A split pair occurs when one wire from a cable pair is twisted together with a wire from a different cable pair. Split pairs most frequently result from miswires at punchdown blocks and cable connectors. Figure 7-10 shows an example of split pair wiring.
Page 145: Power Sum Values
Basic Cable Testing Power Sum Values Minimizing Crosstalk Crosstalk problems are minimized by twisting together the two wires in each cable pair. Twisting the two wires together causes the electromagnetic fields around the wires to cancel out, leaving virtually no external field to transmit signals to nearby cable pairs.
Page 146: Propagation Delay And Delay Skew
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delay is the time it takes an electrical signal to travel the length of a wire. A wire pair’s delay depends on the pair’s length, twist rate, and electrical properties, such as the type of insulating material used around the copper conductors.
Page 147: Nominal Velocity Of Propagation (Nvp)
Basic Cable Testing Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) NVP is the speed of a signal through a cable relative to the speed of light. In a vacuum, electrical signals travel at the speed of light. In a cable, signals travel slower than the speed of light.
Page 148: High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (Hdtdr)
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NVP and Length Measurements Length measurements depend directly on the NVP value entered for the selected cable type. To measure length, the test tool first measures the time it takes for a test pulse to travel the length of the cable. The test tool then calculates cable length by multiplying the travel time by the signal speed in the cable.
Page 149 Basic Cable Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) Reflections from Opens An open, or break, in the cable represents an abrupt increase in the cable’s impedance. The impedance of an open is nearly infinite. In an open cable, a signal’s energy is not dissipated by a terminating impedance, so the signal bounces back towards the source.
Page 150 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Reflections from Shorts A short represents an abrupt decrease in the impedance between the two conductors in a cable. A short is caused when the insulation surrounding a cable’s wires is damaged, allowing the wires to touch each other. The result is a near-zero impedance connection between the conductors.
Page 151 Basic Cable Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) Cable Termination Because signal reflections can distort the shape of communication signals, the unused ends of cable segments must be terminated to prevent reflections. The terminating device is a resistor with a value equal to the cable’s characteristic impedance.
Page 152: Acr
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual A negative reflection percentage indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the opposite of the original signal. Negative reflections are caused by abrupt decreases in the cable’s impedance, such as those caused by mismatches in cable types or shorts on the cable.
Page 153 Basic Cable Testing Figure 7-14 shows a plot of NEXT and attenuation limits, along with the resulting ACR plot. Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other. 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 NEXT GOOD 30.0 GOOD 20.0...
Page 154 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RL (return loss) is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in the cable’s impedance. A RL plot indicates how well a cable’s impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies.
Page 155: Troubleshooting Basics
Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting LAN cable installations is most often required during cable installation or modification. When cable is handled carefully and installed correctly, it usually operates trouble-free for years. Finding Cable Faults A general rule for finding cable faults is as follows: With very few exceptions, faults occur at cable connections.
Page 156 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cable Faults Test Failure Likely Causes of Failure Wire map: open Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Faulty connections. Cables routed to the wrong location. Wires broken by stress at connections. Damaged connector.
Page 157 Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7-1. Identifying Cable Faults (continued) Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire map display showing an open on wire 1 near the main unit. oy57i.bmp oy58i.bmp Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 3,6 and 4,5. oy59i.bmp oy60i.bmp Wire map display showing...
Page 158 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cable Faults (continued) Test Failure Likely Causes of Failure Wire map: short Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Conductive material stuck between pins at a connection. Damage to cable insulation. NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection.
Page 159 Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7-1. Identifying Cable Faults (continued) Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire Map Display Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3. oy64i.bmp oy65i.bmp NEXT test fails. oy66i.bmp oy67i.bmp Impedance anomaly is detected. HDTDR plot shows an impedance anomaly caused by a 150 Ω...
Page 160 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 7-32...
Page 161: Maintenance And Specifications
To avoid possible fire, electric shock, personal injury, or damage to the test tool • Use only specified replacement parts. • Do not let water get into the case. • Remove all input signals before opening the case. • Use only Fluke Networks authorized service centers.
Page 162 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cleaning and Storage Clean the test tool and remote with a soft cloth dampened with water or water and a mild soap. Caution To avoid damaging the display or the case, do not use solvents or abrasive cleansers. If you are storing the test tool or remote for an extended period of time, charge the NiMH battery pack before storing.
Page 163: If The Test Tool Fails
Removing the main battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the lithium battery. When the lithium battery voltage is low, have the battery replaced at a Fluke Networks Service Center. See the later section “Service Center Repair” for shipping and warranty information.
Page 164 Note any error number displayed. Turn the unit off, then turn it on again. Stored data may be lost. If the error occurs again, contact a Fluke Networks Service Center for assistance. Symptom 5: Test tool does not operate with ac adapter/charger connected.
Page 165 Replacement Parts Table 8-2 lists the replacement parts for the test tool and the remote. To order replacement parts, contact Fluke Networks as described in Chapter 1. Refer to the Fiber Test Adapters users manual for replacement parts for an optional fiber test adapter.
Page 166 1580403 CableManager software* DSP-CMS * You can download this software for free from the Fluke Networks website. Note For a list of the optional link interface adapters currently available, refer to the sheet included with your test tool. Or, contact Fluke Networks as described in this chapter under “Service Center...
Page 167 If the Test Tool Fails Options and Accessories Table 8-3 lists the options and accessories available for the test tool. Note For the latest list of accessories, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. Table 8-3. Options and Accessories Description...
Page 168: Specifications
DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Specifications WWarning Under no circumstances is this product intended for direct connection to telephony inputs, systems, or equipment, including ISDN inputs. Doing so is a misapplication of this product, which could result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user.
Page 169 “Calibrating the Test Tool” in Chapter 6, every 30 days. Notes All specifications for tests on twisted pair cable apply to cable with 100 Ω of characteristic impedance. Contact Fluke Networks for information on measurement performance on cabling with characteristic impedance other than 100 Ω .
Page 170 RG-58, RG-58 foam, RG-59, RG-59 foam, RG-8, RG-8A/U, and RG-62. Note For availability of additional adapters that allow testing to higher transmission performance standards (TIA Category 6 or ISO/IEC Class E and F), different cabling types, or fiber optic cabling, contact Fluke Networks for details. 8-10...
Page 171 Additional test standards are available. For information on additional test standards, testing to higher cabling performance standards or different cabling types (including fiber optic cabling) contact Fluke Networks. Fiber optic test standards are supported when using the optional Fiber Test Adapters.
Page 172 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Length Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Range 0 ft to 328 ft 328 ft to 2500 ft 0 ft to 328 ft 328 ft to 4000 ft (0 m - 100 m) (100 m - 762 m) (0 -100 m) (100 m - 1219 m) Resolution...
Page 173 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Typical Measurement Accuracy The DSP-4000 and DSP-4100 test tools substantially exceed the measurement accuracy requirements of draft Level III TIA and IEC proposals. Typical measurement accuracy is determined as follows: • For each performance parameter (for example, source/load return loss, residual NEXT, etc.) at every frequency, the worst result for any wire pair or wire-pair combination is obtained.
Page 174 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Worst Case Measurement Accuracy Worst case measurement accuracy based on TIA and IEC draft requirements is summarized in Table 8-4. The measured values are based on draft TIA/EIA Cat 6 and ISO/IEC Class E Channel pass/fail limits. Table 8-4.
Page 175 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications The tables in the sections that follow summarize the guidelines for computing measurement accuracy for Level III field cable testers. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Parameter Specification 100 MHz 250 MHz Frequency Range 1 MHz to 350 MHz. Range is determined by the selected test standard.
Page 176 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT and Power Sum NEXT (PSNEXT) Parameter Specification 100 MHz 250 MHz Frequency Range 1 MHz to 350 MHz. Range is determined by the selected test standard. Step sizes <31.4 MHz: 100 kHz 31.4 MHz to 100 MHz: 200 kHz 100 MHz to 350 MHz: 500 kHz Amplitude Range 0 dB to 10 dB beyond the test limit...
Page 177 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications ELFEXT and Power Sum ELFEXT (PSELFEXT) Parameter Specification 100 MHz 250 MHz Frequency Range 1 MHz to 350 MHz . Range is determined by the selected test standard. Step sizes <31.4 MHz: 100 kHz 31.4 MHz to 100 MHz: 200 kHz 100 MHz to 350 MHz: 500 kHz Amplitude Range 0 dB to 10 dB beyond test limit...
Page 178 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Return Loss Parameter Specification 100 MHz 250 MHz Frequency Range 1 MHz to 350 MHz Step sizes <31.4 MHz: 100 kHz 31.4 MHz to 100 MHz: 200 kHz 100 MHz to 350 MHz: 500 kHz Amplitude Range 0 dB to 40 dB Amplitude Resolution 0.1 dB...
Page 179 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications HDTDX ™ Analyzer Specifications for Cables <100 m (328 ft) The following performance is typical for cables less than 100 m (328 ft): Distance accuracy: ±(1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % distance) Distance resolution: 1 ft or 0.1 m HDTDR ™...
Page 180 Hub port locator blinks the link LED on a 10BASE-T, 10/100BASE-TX, or 100BASE-TX hub. Tone Generator Generates a tone that can be detected by a tone probe, such as the Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe. The 2 kHz tone is generated on pair 1,2. Serial Interface...
Page 181 Data Terminal Ready (always true) -----> Signal Ground <----> Not connected Request To Send (used only with hardware flow -----> control) Clear To Send <----- Not connected Table 8-6. 9-to 25-pin Adapter (available from Fluke Networks) 9-pin 25-pin Connector Connector Shell Shell 8-21...
Page 182 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Power Main unit and remote: NiMH battery pack, 7.2 V, 3500 mAh Typical NiMH battery life: 8 to 10 hours Charge time: 4 hours AC adapter/charger, USA version: Linear power supply; 108 V ac to 132 V ac input;...
Page 183 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 100 120 Temperature (deg F) Temperature (deg C) = Storage (-20˚ C to 60˚ C) = Normal Operation (0˚ C to 45˚ C) oy40f.eps Figure 8-3. Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP-4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered cables.
Page 184 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Certification and Compliance Symbol Description Conforms to relevant European Union directives. Listed by Canadian Standards Association. The test tool complies with the following standards: CSA Standards: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92 + Amendment 2: 1997 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use, Part 1: General Requirements Safety: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No.
Page 185 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Test Results Memory for the DSP-4000 512 KB nonvolatile RAM stores results from at least 500 Autotests. More storage may be available depending on the number of tests run by the selected test standard. CableManager software lets you upload Autotest results to a PC. 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates.
Page 186 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 8-26...
Page 187: Appendices
Appendices Appendix Title Page Tests Supported by LIAs ..............A-1 Getting Started with CableManager Software........B-1 Glossary....................C-1...
Page 188 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...
Page 189 Appendix A Tests Supported by LIAs Table A-1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters. For a list of the optional link interface adapters available, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com.
Page 190 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table A-1. Tests Supported by Standard Link Interface Adapters DSP-LIA011 DSP-LIA012 Standard or Test Basic Link Channel TIA Cat 3, 5, 5N, and 5E Basic Link TIA Cat 3, 5, 5N, and 5E Channel TIA TSB-75 MUTO Link ISO11801 Channel Class C, D ISO11801 Permanent Link Class C, D ISO Link Class C, D...
Page 191 The CableManager features described in this manual may vary, depending on the version of CableManager you received. CableManager upgrades and documentation on new features are available on the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. The instructions in this manual assume that you have already installed and know how to use Microsoft Windows ®...
Page 192 2. From Windows, use the File Manager to run the file Setup.exe from the root folder of the CableManager CD. 3. Follow the instructions given by the setup program. 4. To start CableManager, double-click on the CableManager icon in the Fluke CableManager group. Selecting a Language...
Page 193 Getting Started with CableManager Software Using the Sample File Using the Sample File If you don’t have any test data, but want to practice using CableManager, you can use the sample file included with CableManager software. The file is copied to your CableManager directory during installation.
Page 194 Refer to Figure B-2. If your PC has a 25-pin serial port, you can use a Fluke 25-pin adapter, Fluke P/N 929187. To verify the pin assignments for a different 25-pin adapter or a different cable, refer to the pin assignments for the serial interface cable given in “Specifications”...
Page 195 Getting Started with CableManager Software Opening a New CableManager Project Opening a New CableManager Project To open a new project, proceed as follows: 1. Connect the test tool or memory card reader to the PC, then start the CableManager program, as described in the previous sections. 2.
Page 196 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Communication Problems If CableManager cannot connect to the test tool or memory card reader, try the following: • Choose from the menu, change the number in the Serial Port Options box; then click Serial Port Test •...
Page 197 Advanced Sort: Lets you sort reports in ascending or descending order based on up to four sorting criteria. Import from Fluke Cable Tester: Imports saved Autotest reports from a DSP-4000 or a memory card installed in a DSP-4100. Import from DSP Memory Card: Imports saved Autotest reports from a memory card installed in the memory card reader.
Page 198 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Viewing Your Project Data Figure B-3 describes the basic features of the CableManager project window. oy80c.eps The command menus and toolbar give you access to CableManager commands. The Autotest summary list shows the summary data for the reports in the project. Results from the selected reports are shown in the lower half of the display.
Page 199 Getting Started with CableManager Software Viewing Plots of DSP-4100 Test Results Viewing Plots of DSP-4100 Test Results If STORE PLOT DATA was enabled during an Autotest on a DSP-4100, the Plot function is available for the uploaded results. To see a plot for all the cable pairs, select a frequency-dependent test in the lower half of the CableManager window;...
Page 200 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Organizing and Editing Your Project CableManager lets you sort the reports in your project and edit the header information. Sorting Reports in Ascending or Descending Order To sort the reports in ascending order by a report summary item, click on ), select the field you want to sort by;...
Page 201 Getting Started with CableManager Software Organizing and Editing Your Project Editing the Header Information CableManager lets you edit the header information for each of your reports. For example, if you accidentally entered the wrong cable identifications for some of your tests, you can correct the information before saving or printing the reports. Note You can modify the Cable ID for only one report at a time.
Page 202 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Changing the Numeric Formats in Your Project To change the length units and the date, time, and number formats in your project, use the selection from the menu. Display Options Adding Plots to Printed Reports If a DSP-4100 test tool’s STORE PLOT DATA setting was enabled during testing, you can add plots to printed reports.
Page 203 Getting Started with CableManager Software Adding Plots to Printed Reports oy82f.bmp Figure B-4. Autotest Report in Tabular Format B-13...
Page 204 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual oy81f.bmp Figure B-5. Autotest Report in Graphical Format B-14...
Page 205 Getting Started with CableManager Software Other Options for Printed Reports Other Options for Printed Reports Use the Printing selection from the Options menu to make the following selections for printed reports or summaries: • : Choose a font size for printed reports and Report Summary Font Size summaries.
Page 206 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Previewing and Printing Reports and Summaries CableManager offers the following options when printing reports and summaries: • To see what the printed reports or summaries will look like, select the desired report or reports; then click Print Preview •...
Page 207 Getting Started with CableManager Software Editing a Test Tool’s SETUP Settings Editing a Test Tool’s SETUP Settings You can use CableManager to save some of the test tool’s SETUP settings on a PC, edit the settings on the PC, and download the settings to the test tool. This feature is useful for setting up multiple test tools or entering multiple site or operator names into a test tool.
Page 208 The Fluke Networks web site at www.flukenetworks.com offers new versions of software and test standards for your test tool and upgrades to CableManager software. You can also get software updates on diskettes or CD from Fluke Networks. If you need help downloading software, call the Fluke Networks Applications Help Line at 1-800-283-5853.
Page 209 Getting Started with CableManager Software Installing Software Upgrades 2. Connect the instrument to the PC using a 9-pin to 9-pin or 9-pin to 25-pin PC interface cable. 3. Start CableManager on the PC. 4. Click on Software Update 5. When prompted for the location of the software update source file, enter the path to the DSPx_xx.bin file on your C drive;...
Page 210 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual B-20...
Page 211 Appendix C Glossary 10BASE2 An IEEE Standard for Thin Coax Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, 185 meters per coax segment. Also known as Thinlan, Thinnet, or Cheapernet. 10BASE-T An IEEE Standard for unshielded twisted pair Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, unshielded twisted pair cable.
Page 212 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation A reduction in the strength of a signal. Attenuation is usually expressed in decibels. Auto-Negotiation The ability of a network device to determine the capabilities of a far end device, then select settings for optimal communication. Balun An impedance-matching transformer used to transfer signals between coaxial and twisted pair cable.
Page 213 Glossary A binary digit, which can have two values: 0 or 1. The bit is the smallest unit digital data. The word is a contraction of “binary digit”. BNC connector A cylindrical push-and-twist connector used on coaxial cable. BNC connectors are used on thin Ethernet cable (10BASE2).
Page 214 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Category 4 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 20 Mbps. Category 5 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 100 Mbps. Channel A network connection consisting of (1) a network equipment patch cable to a horizontal cross-connect, (2) two connections at the cross-connect, (3) a horizontal cable segment up to 90 m (295 ft), (4) a transition connector near the telecommunications outlet, (5) a telecommunications outlet, and (6) a network equipment patch cable in the work area.
Page 215 Glossary Crosstalk Crosstalk Unwanted signal transfer between adjacent cable pairs. Crosstalk occurs because electrical signals passing through a cable pair create an electromagnetic field that transmits the signal to nearby pairs. CSV Data Abbreviation for comma-separated variable. A list of data separated by commas. When CSV data is loaded into a spreadsheet application, the application puts each comma- separated value into a separate cell.
Page 216 HDTDX ™ High-definition time domain crosstalk. The HDTDX analyzer locates sources of NEXT along a cable. This measurement technique is patented by Fluke Networks. Horizontal Cabling The cabling between a telecommunications outlet and a horizontal cross-connect.
Page 217 Glossary Horizontal Cross-Connect Horizontal Cross-Connect A group of connectors, such as a patch panel or punch-down block, that allows equipment to be cross-connected with patch cords or jumpers. The horizontal cross-connect is usually located in a wiring closet. Impedance Opposition to the flow of ac (alternating current) signals. Impedance is caused by inductance and capacitance.
Page 218 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Link Pulse A single-bit, 100 ns test pulse that is transmitted at least every 50 ms during idle periods on 10BASE-T link segments to verify link integrity. MUTO Multi-user telecommunications outlet. A multiport outlet installed in the work area to support a group of users.
Page 219 Glossary Resistor Resistor An electronic component that resists the flow of electrical current. Resistors are used in the terminators that are connected to the ends of coaxial cable. Return Loss (RL) The loss of signal strength in a cable due to signal reflections. A cable’s RL value indicates how well the cable’s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies.
Page 220 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Segment A network cable terminated at both ends. Segments can be joined together using repeaters or bridges. Serial Data Transmission The transmission of data over a single wire. Shielded Twisted Pair Twisted pair cable surrounded by a metalic shield that reduces electrical interference on the cable.
Page 221 Glossary TSB-67 TSB-67 Technical Service Bulletin 67. TSB-67 defines the requirements for field testing of installed, unshielded twisted pair cable links. It describes test configurations, required tests, pass/fail criteria, accuracy requirements, and other test parameters. TSB-67 is drafted by a Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) task force. Twisted Pair A cable pair made of two wires that are twisted together to minimize crosstalk to other cable pairs.
Page 222 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual C-12...
Page 223: Index
Index Audible tones, enabling/disabling, 2-40 —$— Auto increment, 2-34 status, 2-36 $ (auto sequence), 2-35 Auto sequence, 2-35 $ (edit report identification), 2-33 saving Autotests, 3-28 status, 3-1 —5— Automatic diagnostics, 3-6 568A and 568B standards, 7-3 display examples, 7-27 568A and 568B wiring, 7-29 Auto-Negotiation, 4-19 Autotest...
Page 224 Fault anomaly threshold (twisted pair), 3-10 selecting, 2-32 Fault info. See Automatic diagnostics selecting, quick start, 2-8 Fault Info key, 3-6 CableManager Fluke Networks, contacting, 1-1 hardware requirements, B-1 Frequency, 350 MHz, 2-32 installing, B-2 Front panel Calibrating the test tool, 6-1...
Page 225 Index (continued) plot description, 4-12 test for coaxial cable, 3-25 results screen items, 4-12 test for twisted pair, 3-9 twisted pair and coaxial cable, 4-9, 7-20 variations between cable pairs, 3-9 HDTDX analyzer variations between measured and actual, example plots, 7-29 7-20 interpreting the plot, 7-14 Length units...
Page 226 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Propagation delay test, 3-10 —N— explanation of test, 7-18 New (softkey), 2-33 PSACR test, 3-22 NEXT PSELFEXT test, 3-22 explanation of NEXT, 7-11 PSNEXT test, 3-22 minimizing NEXT, 7-17 NEXT@Remote test results, 3-15 —Q— plot description, 3-14 results screen items, 3-13 Quick configuration, 2-8 Noise...
Page 227 Index (continued) —S— —T— Safety Talk mode, 2-14 operational information, 2-1 Terminator standards, 8-24 connection during length test, 3-25 Saving Autotest results, 3-26 connection during resistance test, 3-25 quick start, 2-11 effects on HDTDR test, 4-10 Scanning, 4-2 Test standard Self test descriptions of standards, 2-24 failure, 8-3...
Page 228 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual warning in test results, 4-14 NEXT, 3-13 Wire map Worst margin results, 3-5 description of test, 3-7 Worst value displays, 3-7 ELFEXT, 3-16 pin connections for 568 standard, 7-3 NEXT, 3-13 Worst margin Worst value results, 3-5 ELFEXT, 3-16...

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