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FLIR CX series User Manual

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  • Page 1 User’s manual FLIR Cx series...
  • Page 3 User’s manual FLIR Cx series #T559918; r. AE/23547/23547; en-US...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents Disclaimers ..................1 Legal disclaimer ............... 1 Usage statistics ................ 1 Changes to registry ..............1 U.S. Government Regulations............1 Copyright ................1 Quality assurance ..............1 Patents ................... 1 EULA Terms ................1 EULA Terms ................1 Safety information ................3 Notice to user ...................6 User-to-user forums ..............
  • Page 6 Technical data ................. 21 Online field-of-view calculator ............ 21 Note about technical data ............21 Note about authoritative versions..........21 FLIR C2 ................22 Mechanical drawings ............... 25 CE Declaration of conformity ............26 Cleaning the camera ................ 27 11.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items........
  • Page 7 12.4.1 General..............30 12.4.2 Figure ................ 30 12.5 Draft ..................31 12.5.1 General..............31 12.5.2 Figure ................ 31 About FLIR Systems ................ 32 13.1 More than just an infrared camera ..........33 13.2 Sharing our knowledge ............33 13.3 Supporting our customers............33 13.4...

  • Page 9: Disclaimers

    FLIR Systems AB from Microsoft Licensing, GP or its manship and provided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one- affiliates (“MS”). Those installed software products of MS origin, as well year period.
  • Page 10 Disclaimers html. The source code for the libraries Qt4 Core and Qt4 GUI may be re- quested from FLIR Systems AB. #T559918; r. AE/23547/23547; en-US...

  • Page 11: Safety Information

    Applicability: Cameras with one or more batteries. Do not attach the batteries directly to a car’s cigarette lighter socket, unless FLIR Systems supplies a specific adapter to connect the batteries to a cigarette lighter socket. Damage to the batteries can occur.
  • Page 12 Safety information CAUTION Applicability: Cameras with one or more batteries. Do not make holes in the battery with objects. Damage to the battery can occur. CAUTION Applicability: Cameras with one or more batteries. Do not hit the battery with a hammer. Damage to the battery can occur. CAUTION Applicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.
  • Page 13 Safety information CAUTION Applicability: Cameras with one or more batteries. The temperature range through which you can remove the electrical power from the battery is -15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F), unless other information is specified in the user documentation or technical data.

  • Page 14: Notice To User

    3.7 Important note about this manual FLIR Systems issues generic manuals that cover several cameras within a model line. This means that this manual may contain descriptions and explanations that do not apply to your particular camera model.

  • Page 15: Customer Help

    Customer help 4.1 General For customer help, visit: http://support.flir.com 4.2 Submitting a question To submit a question to the customer help team, you must be a registered user. It only takes a few minutes to register online. If you only want to search the knowledgebase for existing questions and answers, you do not need to be a registered user.

  • Page 16: Downloads

    • The communication protocol, or method, between the camera and your device (for ex- ample, HDMI, Ethernet, USB, or FireWire) • Device type (PC/Mac/iPhone/iPad/Android device, etc.) • Version of any programs from FLIR Systems • Full name, publication number, and revision number of the manual 4.3 Downloads On the customer help site you can also download the following: •...

  • Page 17: Quick Start Guide

    Quick Start Guide 5.1 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Charge the battery for approximately 1.5 hours, using the FLIR power supply. 2. Push the On/off button to turn on the camera. 3. Aim the camera toward your target of interest.

  • Page 18: Description

    Description 6.1 View from the front 1. Camera lamp. 2. Digital camera lens. 3. Infrared lens. 4. Attachment point. 6.2 View from the rear 1. On/off button. 2. Save button. 3. Camera screen. #T559918; r. AE/23547/23547; en-US...

  • Page 19: Connector

    The purpose of this USB Micro-B connector is the following: • Charging the battery using the FLIR power supply. • Moving images from the camera to a computer for further analysis in FLIR Tools. NOTE Install FLIR Tools on your computer before you move the images.

  • Page 20: Navigating The Menu System

    Description 6.6 Navigating the menu system The camera has a touch screen. You can use your index finger or a stylus pen specially designed for capacitive touch usage to navigate the menu system. Tap the camera screen to bring up the menu system. #T559918;...

  • Page 21: Operation

    Operation 7.1 Charging the battery Follow this procedure: 1. Connect the FLIR power supply to a wall outlet. 2. Connect the power supply cable to the USB connector on the camera. 7.2 Turning on and turning off the camera • Push the On/off button to turn on the camera.

  • Page 22: Deleting An Image

    Operation 5. Tap the camera screen. This displays a toolbar. • Select Full screen or Exit full screen to switch between the full screen and normal views. • Select Thumbnails to display the thumbnail overview. To scroll between the thumbnails, swipe up/down. To display an image, tap its thumbnail. •...

  • Page 23: Measuring A Temperature Using A Spotmeter

    Operation 7.7 Measuring a temperature using a spotmeter 7.7.1 General You can measure a temperature using a spotmeter. This will display the temperature at the position of the spotmeter on the screen. 7.7.1.1 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Tap the camera screen. This displays the main menu toolbar. 2.

  • Page 24: Procedure

    Operation • Thermal: The camera displays a fully infrared image. • Digital camera: The camera displays only the visual image captured by the digital camera. To display a good fusion image (Thermal MSX mode), the camera must make adjust- ments to compensate for the small difference in position between the digital camera lens and the infrared lens.

  • Page 25: Changing The Temperature Scale Mode

    Operation 4. If you have selected the Thermal MSX mode, also set the distance to the object by doing the following: • On the submenu toolbar, select Alignment distance . This displays a dialog box. • In the dialog box, select the distance to the object. 7.11 Changing the temperature scale mode 7.11.1 General The camera can operate in two different temperature scale modes:...

  • Page 26: Changing The Reflected Apparent Temperature

    Operation 5. In the dialog box, select one of the following: • Matt. • Semi-matt. • Semi-glossy. • Custom value. This displays a dialog box where you can set a value. 6. To return to live mode, tap the upper left arrow repeatedly.

  • Page 27: Performing A Non-Uniformity Correction

    • Photo as separate JPEG: When this menu command is selected, the digital photo- graph from the visual camera is saved at its full field of view as a separate JPEG im- age. It may be necessary to activate this option if you are not using the FLIR Tools software.

  • Page 28: Procedure

    2. Start the camera. 3. Connect the camera to the computer using the USB cable. 4. FLIR Tools displays a welcome screen when the camera is identified. On the wel- come screen, click Check for updates. You can also click Check for updates on the Help menu in FLIR Tools.

  • Page 29: Technical Data

    8.2 Note about technical data FLIR Systems reserves the right to change specifications at any time without prior notice. Please check http://support.flir.com for latest changes.

  • Page 30: Flir C2

    Technical data 8.4 FLIR C2 P/N: 72001-0101 Rev.: 22841 Imaging and optical data NETD 100 mK 41° × 31° Field of view Minimum focus distance • Thermal: 0.15 m (0.49 ft.) • MSX: 1.0 m (3.3 ft.) Focal length 1.54 mm (0.061 in.)
  • Page 31 Chinese, Turkish. Lamp Output power 0.85 W Field of view 60° Service functions Camera software update Using FLIR Tools Storage of images Storage media Internal memory store at least 500 sets of images Image file format • Standard JPEG •...
  • Page 32 Technical data Environmental data • WEEE 2012/19/EC • RoHs 2011/65/EC • C-Tick • EN 61000-6-3 • EN 61000-6-2 • FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B Magnetic fields EN 61000-4-8 Battery regulations UL 1642 Encapsulation Camera housing and lens: IP 40 (IEC 60529) Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27) Vibration...

  • Page 35: Cleaning The Camera

    Cleaning the camera 11.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items 11.1.1 Liquids Use one of these liquids: • Warm water • A weak detergent solution 11.1.2 Equipment A soft cloth 11.1.3 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Soak the cloth in the liquid. 2.

  • Page 36: Application Examples

    Application examples 12.1 Moisture & water damage 12.1.1 General It is often possible to detect moisture and water damage in a house by using an infrared camera. This is partly because the damaged area has a different heat conduction prop- erty and partly because it has a different thermal capacity to store heat than the sur- rounding material.

  • Page 37: Oxidized Socket

    Application examples 12.3 Oxidized socket 12.3.1 General Depending on the type of socket and the environment in which the socket is installed, ox- ides may occur on the socket's contact surfaces. These oxides can lead to locally in- creased resistance when the socket is loaded, which can be seen in an infrared image as local temperature increase.

  • Page 38: Insulation Deficiencies

    Application examples 12.4 Insulation deficiencies 12.4.1 General Insulation deficiencies may result from insulation losing volume over the course of time and thereby not entirely filling the cavity in a frame wall. An infrared camera allows you to see these insulation deficiencies because they either have a different heat conduction property than sections with correctly installed insulation, and/or show the area where air is penetrating the frame of the building.

  • Page 39: Draft

    Application examples 12.5 Draft 12.5.1 General Draft can be found under baseboards, around door and window casings, and above ceil- ing trim. This type of draft is often possible to see with an infrared camera, as a cooler airstream cools down the surrounding surface. NOTE When you are investigating draft in a house, there should be sub-atmospheric pressure in the house.

  • Page 40: About Flir Systems

    R & D, non-destructive testing, process control and au- tomation, and machine vision, among many others. FLIR Systems has three manufacturing plants in the United States (Portland, OR, Bos- ton, MA, Santa Barbara, CA) and one in Sweden (Stockholm). Since 2007 there is also a manufacturing plant in Tallinn, Estonia.

  • Page 41: More Than Just An Infrared Camera

    10 L (2.6 US gallon) jar with liquid nitrogen. To the left of the oscilloscope the Polaroid attachment (6 kg/13 lb.) can be seen. RIGHT: FLIR One, which was launched in January 2014, is a slide- on attachment that gives iPhones thermal imaging capabilities.

  • Page 42: A Few Images From Our Facilities

    About FLIR Systems 13.4 A few images from our facilities Figure 13.3 LEFT: Development of system electronics; RIGHT: Testing of an FPA detector Figure 13.4 LEFT: Diamond turning machine; RIGHT: Lens polishing #T559918; r. AE/23547/23547; en-US...

  • Page 43: Glossary

    Glossary absorption The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the re- (absorption ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1. factor) atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera, nor- mally air. autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correction. autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors, displaying cold objects as well as hot ones at the same time.
  • Page 44 Glossary image correc- A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts of tion (internal or live images and also of stabilizing the camera. external) infrared Non-visible radiation, having a wavelength from about 2–13 μm. infrared isotherm A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above, below or between one or more temperature intervals.
  • Page 45 Glossary span The interval of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a signal value. spectral (radi- Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area and ant) emittance wavelength (W/m /μm) temperature A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temperature difference, or values.

  • Page 46: Thermographic Measurement Techniques

    Thermographic measurement techniques 15.1 Introduction An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object. The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature. However, the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tempera- ture of the object but is also a function of the emissivity.
  • Page 47 Thermographic measurement techniques 15.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Direct method Follow this procedure: 1. Look for possible reflection sources, considering that the incident angle = reflection angle (a = b). Figure 15.1 1 = Reflection source 2. If the reflection source is a spot source, modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard.
  • Page 48 Thermographic measurement techniques 3. Measure the radiation intensity (= apparent temperature) from the reflecting source using the following settings: • Emissivity: 1.0 • D You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods: Figure 15.3 1 = Reflection source NOTE Using a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recommended for two impor- tant reasons:...

  • Page 49: Reflected Apparent Temperature

    50%. 15.6 Other parameters In addition, some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to com- pensate for the following parameters: • Atmospheric temperature – i.e. the temperature of the atmosphere between the cam- era and the target •...
  • Page 50 Thermographic measurement techniques • External optics transmittance – i.e. the transmission of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera #T559918; r. AE/23547/23547; en-US...

  • Page 51: History Of Infrared Technology

    History of infrared technology Before the year 1800, the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spec- trum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply ‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious to- day than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.
  • Page 52 History of infrared technology When Herschel revealed his discovery, he referred to this new portion of the electromag- netic spectrum as the ‘thermometrical spectrum’. The radiation itself he sometimes re- ferred to as ‘dark heat’, or simply ‘the invisible rays’. Ironically, and contrary to popular opinion, it wasn't Herschel who originated the term ‘infrared’.
  • Page 53 History of infrared technology Figure 16.4 Samuel P. Langley (1834–1906) The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major break- through, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer re- sponded.

  • Page 54: Theory Of Thermography

    Theory of thermography 17.1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermography will be given. 17.2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength regions, called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation.

  • Page 55: Planck's Law

    Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in tempera- ture reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermographic instruments, such as a FLIR Systems camera for example. If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525°C (977°F), the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black.

  • Page 56: Wien's Displacement Law

    Theory of thermography Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength λ. λb Velocity of light = 3 × 10 Planck’s constant = 6.6 × 10 Joule sec. Boltzmann’s constant = 1.4 × 10 Joule/K. Absolute temperature (K) of a blackbody. λ Wavelength (μm).

  • Page 57: Stefan-Boltzmann's Law

    Theory of thermography Figure 17.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928) The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle of the visible light spectrum. At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infra- red, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignif- icant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.

  • Page 58: Non-Blackbody Emitters

    Theory of thermography Figure 17.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) Using the Stefan-Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body, at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx. 2 m , we obtain 1 kW.
  • Page 59 Theory of thermography • A selective radiator, for which ε varies with wavelength According to Kirchhoff’s law, for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral absorp- tance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength. That is: From this we obtain, for an opaque material (since α...

  • Page 60: Infrared Semi-Transparent Materials

    Theory of thermography Figure 17.9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral emissivity; 2: Wavelength; 3: Black- body; 4: Graybody; 5: Selective radiator. 17.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials Consider now a non-metallic, semi-transparent body – let us say, in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material.

  • Page 61: The Measurement Formula

    The measurement formula As already mentioned, when viewing an object, the camera receives radiation not only from the object itself. It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the ob- ject surface. Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by the atmosphere in the measurement path.
  • Page 62 U according to the same equation, and get (Equation 3): Solve Equation 3 for U (Equation 4): This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographic equipment. The voltages of the formula are: Table 18.1 Voltages Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature i.e.
  • Page 63 5 volts, the resulting curve would have been very much the same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4.1 volts, provided the calibration algo- rithm is based on radiation physics, like the FLIR Systems algorithm. Of course there must be a limit to such extrapolations.
  • Page 64 The measurement formula Figure 18.3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions (LW cam- era). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; Obj: Object radiation; Refl: Reflected radiation; Atm: atmos- phere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; T = 20°C (+68°F); T = 20°C (+68°F).

  • Page 65: Emissivity Tables

    Emissivity tables This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature and measurements made by FLIR Systems. 19.1 References 1. Mikaél A. Bramson: Infrared Radiation, A Handbook for Applications, Plenum press, N.Y. 2. William L. Wolfe, George J. Zissis: The Infrared Handbook, Office of Naval Research, Department of Navy, Washington, D.C.
  • Page 66 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Aluminum anodized, light 0.97 gray, dull Aluminum as received, plate 0.09 Aluminum as received, 0.09...
  • Page 67 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Brass polished 0.03 Brass polished, highly 0.03 0.20 Brass rubbed with 80- grit emery Brass sheet, rolled...
  • Page 68 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Chipboard untreated 0.90 polished 0.10 Chromium Chromium polished 500–1000 0.28–0.38 Clay fired 0.91 Cloth...
  • Page 69 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Granite polished 0.849 Granite rough 0.879 0.95–0.97 Granite rough, 4 different samples 0.77–0.87 Granite...
  • Page 70 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Iron and steel wrought, carefully 40–250 0.28 polished 0.64 Iron galvanized heavily oxidized Iron galvanized heavily oxidized...
  • Page 71 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Lead red 0.93 Lead red, powder 0.93 Leather tanned 0.75–0.80 Lime 0.3–0.4 Magnesium 0.07...
  • Page 72 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Nickel oxide 500–650 0.52–0.59 Oil, lubricating 0.025 mm film 0.27 0.46 Oil, lubricating 0.050 mm film Oil, lubricating...
  • Page 73 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Plaster plasterboard, 0.90 untreated Plaster rough coat 0.91 Plastic glass fibre lami- 0.94 nate (printed circ.
  • Page 74 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Soil saturated with 0.95 water Stainless steel alloy, 8% Ni, 18% 0.35 Stainless steel rolled...
  • Page 75 Emissivity tables Table 19.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Water ice, smooth –10 0.96 Water layer >0.1 mm 0–100 0.95–0.98 thick Water snow...
  • Page 76 A note on the technical production of this publication This publication was produced using XML — the eXtensible Markup Language. For more information about XML, please visit http://www.w3.org/XML/ A note on the typeface used in this publication This publication was typeset using Linotype Helvetica™ World. Helvetica™ was designed by Max Miedinger (1910–1980) LOEF (List Of Effective Files) T501109.xml;...
  • Page 78 Disclaimer Specifications subject to change without further notice. Models and accessories subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Products described herein may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Publ. No.: T559918...

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