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Care
of
Lubricating System
During daily preventive inspection,
check
the
presence of oil in
the crankcase.
If
necessary,
a·dd oil
by
pouring it from a clean
ves-
sel,
through
a
dense gauze with a mesh
sizing
not
more than
·
0 .63X0.63
mm.
The oil dipstick is provided with
two
ma
rks to
indi-
cate the lower
and
upper limits of oil level. Before
checking the
oil
level, wipe
the dipstick and lower it into the
crankcase t'iller
to
the
full
depth
without screwing
up
the
plug. Oil should
be changed
in
i
he hot engine.
When
changing
oil in
the crankcase, thoroughly clean dirt
from
the plugs of the
drain and filling
holes
of the
crankcase
and uns-
~rew
the plugs.
Then
drain the used oil,
screw
in the
drain
hole
plug, pour in 1.2 to
1.5
1
of
industrial oil 12
(spindle oil 2)
and
scr·
e w in
the
filler plug. Now
start
the
engine and allow it
to
opera-
te within 2 and 3 min, then drain oil again. Following
that,
pour
fresh
oil
in the
crankcase until it reaches
the
upper mark
of
the
dip-
st ick.
In the winter time, oil should be
warmed
before filling. Oil
should
be filled from a
clean vessel
taking care not
to allow
dirt,
dust, and moisture to get in
the
engine crankc-ase.
Remember
that
even a short-time failure
of the
lubricating
sys-
tem
may
cause a
brea~down
of the engine.
Overheating of the cylinders and their
heads,
power
drop and
knocks in the engine are an indic-ation of
insufficient
lubrication.
The operation of the lubricating system is
monitored
by means
of an emergency oil pressure transmitter, diaphragm-type, 22 (Fig.
10),
which
operates
when
the pressure in the system
drops
to
1.7
~8:!
kgf/cm
2
.
The
pres.c;ure drop
is
signalled by
a warning
lamp fitted
on
the
dashboard.
When the ignition i·s switched on,
the
oH
•
p ressure
war-
ning lamp comes on; after the
engine
is started, the lamp
extin-
guishes. If the lamp is on under
operating
conditions,
this
indi-
cates that the
Jtransmibter
or the engine is a·t fault. In
this case
the
engine must not be operated
until t-he
fault
is traced
and
elimi-
nated.
In
case
the emergency
oil
pressure transmitter
warning
lamp is
on at
the
average crankshaft speed, the
engine
pan must be remo-
ved,
the reducing valve disassembled and its
seat cleaned.
In
case the
engine is overheated or operates at low idling speed
(n=650-700 rpm) the lamp can be on
even
if the lubricating
sy-
stem
is sound.
It
is
good practice to periodically
screw
out the transmitter and
to check the
oi1
l pressure
with a
reference pressure gauge. The
oil
pres·
s ure at the
average crankshaft
speed,
with the engine
warmed
up
(at the oil temperature
of about plus 80
oq
must be not less
than 3 kgf/cm
2
and not more
than
6.0 kgf/cm
2
•
The
centrifugal
forces developed during
the engine operation
32
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