FCC Approved (USA) Refer to “Appendix A: Agency Certifications” on page 60 for FCC Requirements. Systems that include XTend RF Modems inherit Digi’s Certifications. ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) license-free 902-928 MHz frequency band Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards...
FCC Part 15.247 OUR-9XTEND Industry Canada (IC) 4214A-9XTEND Table 1-02. 9XTend-PKG-R RS-232/422/485 RF Modem Specifications - Relative to user-selected TX Power Output Power Requirements (TX currents relative to each TX Power Output option) Transmit Power Output 1 mW 10 mW...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Table 1-02. 9XTend-PKG-R RS-232/422/485 RF Modem Specifications - Relative to user-selected TX Power Output Power Requirements (TX currents relative to each TX Power Output option) Typical Transmit Current @115.2 Kbps) 110 mA 140 mA...
= Weak Signal (< 10 dB fade margin) * Note: The XTend RF modem can accept voltages as low as 5V. 1-01e. Power Connector Contact Digi Technical Support to implement this option. 7-28 VDC* power connector (Center positive, 5.5/2.1mm) 1-02a. DIP Switch During each power-on sequence (reset or boot), the modem is auto- Figure 1-02.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 2.3. RS-485 (4-wire) & RS-422 Operation 2.3.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2-10. Figure 2-11. RS-485 (2-wire) Half-duplex Pins used on the female RS-232 (DB-9) DIP Switch Settings Serial Connector Figure 2-12. RS-485 (2-wire) w/ Termination (optional) Termination is the 120 Ω...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Figure 2-14. XTend RF Modem in an RS-422 environment RS-485/422 Connection Guidelines The RS-485/422 protocol provides a solution for wired communications that can tolerate high noise and push signals over long cable lengths. RS-485/422 signals can communicate as far as 4000 feet (1200 m).
Number of Stop Bits (NB parameter = 0) Both the RF modem and host (PC) settings can be viewed and adjusted using Digi's proprietary X- CTU Software. After connecting an RF modem to a PC via their respective serial connections, use the "Terminal"...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 3.1.3. Flow Control Figure 3-02. Internal Data Flow Diagram (The five most commonly-used pin signals shown) DI (Data In) Buffer and Flow Control When serial data enters the modem through the DI pin (Data In), the data is stored in the DI Buffer until it can be processed.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 3.1.4. Transparent Operation By default, XTend RF Modems operate in Transparent Mode. The modems act as a serial line replacement - all UART data received through the DI pin is queued up for RF transmission. When RF data is received, the data is sent out the DO pin.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 3.2. Modes of Operation XTend RF Modems operate in five modes. Figure 3-03. Modes of Operation 3.2.1. Idle Mode When not receiving or transmitting data, the RF modem is in Idle Mode. The modem shifts into the other modes of operation under the following conditions: •...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Channel initialization is the process of sending an RF initializer that synchronizes receiving modems with the transmitting modem. During channel initialization, incoming serial data accumu- lates in the DI buffer. RF data, which includes the payload data, follows the RF initializer. The payload includes up to the maximum packet size (PK Command) bytes.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 3.2.3. Receive Mode If a modem detects RF data while operating in Idle Mode, the modem transitions to Receive Mode to start receiving RF packets. Once a packet is received, the modem checks the CRC (cyclic redun- dancy check) to ensure that the data was transmitted without error.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 3.2.4. Sleep Mode Software Sleep Sleep Modes enable the modem to enter states of low-power consumption when not in use. Three software Sleep Modes are supported: • Pin Sleep (Host Controlled) • Serial Port Sleep (Wake on Serial Port activity) •...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Serial Port Sleep (SM = 2) • Wake on serial port activity • Typical power-down current: < 45 mA Serial Port Sleep is a Sleep Mode in which the modem runs in a low power state until serial data is detected on the DI pin.
Assert (low) the CONFIG pin and turn the power going to the modem off and back on (or pulse the SHDN pin). [If the modem is mounted to a Digi RS-232/485 Interface Board, the result can be achieved by pressing the configuration switch down for 2 seconds.] Default AT Command Mode Sequence (for transition to Command Mode): •...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Binary Command Mode Sending and receiving parameter values using binary commands is the fastest way to change operating parameters of the modem. Binary commands are used most often to sample signal strength [refer to DB (Received Signal Strength) parameter] and/or error counts; or to change modem addresses and channels for polling systems when a quick response is necessary.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 4. RF Modem Configuration 4.1. Automatic DIP Switch Configurations Each time the RF modem is powered-on, AT commands are sent to the on-board module as dic- tated by the positions of the DIP switches. DIP switch configurations are sent automatically during the power-on sequence and affect modem parameter values as shown in the table below.
AT commands and exiting Command Mode. 4.2.1. AT Commands Digi has provided X-CTU software for programming the modem using an extensive list of AT Com- mands. The X-CTU software provides an interface that is divided into four tabs that facilitate the following functions: •...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Send AT Command System Response OK <CR> (Enter into Command Mode) ATRE <Enter> OK <CR> (Restore RF modem default parameter values) ATWR <Enter> OK <CR> (Write to non-volatile memory) ATCN <Enter> OK <CR> (Exit Command Mode) Method 2 (Multiple commands on one line) Send AT Command System Response...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 4.3. Command Reference Table Table 4-03. XTend Commands (The RF modems expect numerical values in hexadecimal. Hexadecimal values are designated by a “0x” prefix. Decimal equivalents are designated by a “d” suffix.) Binary Command # Bytes Factory AT Command Name...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Table 4-03. XTend Commands (The RF modems expect numerical values in hexadecimal. Hexadecimal values are designated by a “0x” prefix. Decimal equivalents are designated by a “d” suffix.) Binary Command # Bytes Factory AT Command Name Parameter Range Command Command...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 4.4. Command Descriptions Commands in this section are listed alphabetically. Command categories are designated between the "< >" symbols that follow each command title. By default, XTend RF Modems expect numerical values in hexadecimal since the default value of the CF (Number Base) Parameter is '1'. Hexadec- imal values are designated by the "0x"...
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BD register. For example, a rate of 19200 bps can be set by send- ing the following command line "ATBD4B00". NOTE: When using Digi’s X-CTU Software, non-stan- dard interface data rates can only be set and read using the X-CTU ‘Terminal’ tab. Non-standard rates are not accessible through the ‘Modem Configuration’...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide BT (Guard Time Before) Command <AT Command Mode Options> The CC command AT Command: ATCC is used to set/read the ASCII character used Binary Command: 0x13 (19 decimal) between guard times of the AT Command Mode Parameter Range: 0x20 - 0x7F Sequence (BT + CC + AT).
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide CN (Exit AT Command Mode) Command <Command Mode Options> The CN command is AT Command: ATCN used to explicitly exit the modem from AT Com- Binary Command: 0x09 (9 decimal) mand Mode. CS (GPO1 Configuration) Command <Serial Interfacing>...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide DT (Destination Address) Command <Networking & Security> DT Command is used to AT Command: ATDT set/read the networking address of an RF Binary Command: 0x00 modem. The modems utilize three filtration lay- Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFF ers: Vendor ID Number (ATID), Channel (ATHP), and Destination Address (ATDT).
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide FL (Software Flow Control) Command <Serial Interfacing> The FL command is used to AT Command: ATFL configure software flow control. Hardware flow Binary Command: 0x07 (7 decimal) control is implemented with the modem as the Parameter Range: 0 - 1 GP01 pin (CTS pin of the OEM RF module), which regulates when serial data can be transferred to...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide HP (Hopping Channel) Command <Networking & Security> The HP command is AT Command: ATHP used to set/read the RF modem's hopping channel Binary Command: 0x11 (17 decimal) number. A channel is one of three layers of filtra- Parameter Range: 0 - 9 tion available to the modem.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide KY (AES Encryption Key) Command <Networking & Security> The KY command is AT Command: ATKY used to set the 256-bit AES (Advanced Encryption Binary Command: 0x3C (60 decimal) Standard) key for encrypting/decrypting data. Parameter Range: Once set, the key cannot be read out of the 0 - (any other 64-digit hex valid key) modem by any means.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide MK (Address Mask) Command <Networking & Security> The MK command is AT Command: ATMK used to set/read the Address Mask of a modem. Binary Command: 0x12 (18 decimal) All RF data packets contain the Destination Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFF Address of the TX (transmitting) modem.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide NB (Parity) Command <Serial Interfacing> The NB command is used to AT Command: ATNB select/read the parity settings of the RF modem Binary Command: 0x23 (35 decimal) for UART communications. Parameter Range: 0 - 4 Parameter Configuration 8-bit (no parity or...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide PK (Maximum RF Packet Size) Command <RF Interfacing> The PK command is used to set/ AT Command: ATPK read the maximum size of RF packets transmitted Binary Command: 0x29 (41 decimal) from an RF modem. The maximum packet size Parameter Range: 1 - 0x800 [Bytes] can be used along with the RB and RO parameters to implicitly set the channel dwell time.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide RB (Packetization Threshold) Command <Serial Interfacing> The RB command is used to AT Command: ATRB set/read the character threshold value. Binary Command: 0x20 (32 decimal) RF transmission begins after data is received in Parameter Range: 0 - PK parameter value the DI Buffer and either of the following criteria is (up to 0x800 Bytes) met:...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide RN (Delay Slots) Command <Networking & Security> The RN command is AT Command: ATRN used to set/read the time delay that the transmit- Binary Command: 0x19 (25 decimal) ting RF modem inserts before attempting to Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFF [38 ms slots] resend a packet.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide RP (RSSI PWM Timer) Command <Diagnostics> RP Command is used to enable a AT Command: ATRP PWM ("Pulse Width Modulation") output on the Binary Command: 0x22 (34 decimal) Config/RSSI pin (pin 11 of the OEM RF Module). Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFF The pin is calibrated to show the difference [x 100 milliseconds]...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide RT (GPI1 Configuration) Command <Serial Interfacing> The RT command is used to AT Command: ATRT set/read the behavior of the GPI1 pin (GPI1) of Binary Command: 0x16 (22 decimal) the OEM RF Module. The pin can be configured to Parameter Range: 0 - 2 enable binary programming or RTS flow control.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide SM (Sleep Mode) Command <Sleep Mode (Low Power)> The SM Command is AT Command: ATSM used to set/read the RF modem's Sleep Mode set- Binary Command: 0x01 tings that configure the modem to run in states Parameter Range: 0 - 8 (3 is reserved) that require minimal power consumption.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide TR (Transmit Error Count) Command <Diagnostics> The TR command is used to report AT Command: ATTR the number of retransmit failures. This number is Binary Command: 0x1B (27 decimal) incremented each time a packet is not acknowl- Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFF edged within the number of retransmits specified by the RR (Retries) parameter.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide WA (Active Warning Numbers) Command <Diagnostics> The WA command reports the AT Command: ATWA warning numbers of all active warnings - one Parameter Range: Returns string - one warning number per line. No further information warning number per line.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 4.5. API Operation By default, XTend RF Modems act as a serial line replacement (Transparent Operation) - all UART data received through the DI pin is queued up for RF transmission. When the modem receives an RF packet, the data is sent out the DO pin with no additional information.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Data bytes that need to be escaped: • 0x7E – Frame Delimiter • 0x7D – Escape • 0x11 – XON • 0x13 – XOFF Example - Raw UART Data Frame (before escaping interfering bytes): 0x7E 0x00 0x02 0x23 0x11 0xCB 0x11 needs to be escaped which results in the following frame: 0x7E 0x00 0x02 0x23 0x7D 0x31 0xCB...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide TX (Transmit) Request: 16-bit address API Identifier Value: 0x01 A TX Request message will cause the modem to send RF Data as an RF Packet. Figure 4-7. TX Packet (16-bit address) Frames Start Delimiter Length Frame Data Checksum...
RF modems remain synchronized without use of master/server dependencies. Each modem shares the roles of master and slave. Definition Digi's peer-to-peer architecture features fast synch times (35ms to synchronize modems) and fast cold start times (50ms before transmission). Sample Network Profile * Use default values for all modems.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.1. Addressing Each RF packet contains addressing information that is used to filter incoming RF data. Receiving modules inspect the Hopping Channel (HP parameter), Vendor Identification Number (ID parame- ter) and Destination Address (DT parameter) contained in each RF packet. Data that does not pass through all three network security layers is discarded.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.2. Basic Communications Basic Communications are accomplished through two sub-types: • Broadcast - By default, XTend RF Modems communicate through Broadcast communications and within a peer-to-peer network topology. When any modem transmits, all other modems within range will receive the data and pass it directly to their host device.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.2.2. Multi-Transmit Mode Attributes: Reliable Delivery through forced transmission of every RF packet Every RF packet is sent exactly (MT + 1) times with no delays between packets Diminished throughput and increased latency Required Parameter Values (TX modem): MT (Multi-Transmit) >= 1 Other Related Commands: Networking (DT, MK, MY, RN, TT), Serial Interfacing (BR, PK, RB, RO), RF Interfacing (FS) Recommended Use: Use for applications that require Reliable Delivery without using retries and...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.2.3. Repeater Mode Attributes: Low power consumption Minimized interference Each RF packet is tagged with a unique Packet ID (PID). Each repeater will repeat a packet only once (tracked by the PID). Increased latency and decreased throughput (Latency and throughput is determined by number of hops, not by number of repeaters.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Repeater Network Configuration A network may consist of End Nodes (EN), End/Repeater Nodes (ERN) and a Base Node (BN). The base node initiates all communications. A repeater network can be configured to operate using Basic Broadcast or Basic Addressed com- munications.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Response Packet Delay As a packet propagates through the repeater network, if any node receives the data and generates a quick response, the response needs to be delayed so as not to collide with subsequent retrans- missions of the original packet.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.2.4. Polling Mode (Basic) NOTE: Polling Mode (Basic) and Polling Mode (Acknowledged) [p59] operate in the same way. The only difference between the two modes is in their means of achieving reliable delivery of data. In Polling Mode (Basic), reliable delivery is achieved using multiple transmissions.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.3. Acknowledged Communications 5.3.1. Acknowledged Mode Attributes: Reliable delivery through positive acknowledgements for each packet Throughput, latency and jitter vary depending on the quality of the channel and the strength of the signal. Required Parameter Values (TX modem): RR (Retries) >= 1 Related Commands: Networking (DT, MK, RR), Serial Interfacing (PK, RN, RO, RB, TT) Recommended Use: Use for applications that require Reliable Delivery.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide The TT parameter (streaming limit) specifies the maximum number of bytes that the TX modem will send in one transmission event, which may consist of many packets and retries. If the TT parameter is reached, the TX modem will force a random delay of 1 to RN delay slots (exactly 1 delay slot if RN is zero).
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide 5.3.2. Polling Mode (Acknowledged) NOTE: Polling Mode (Acknowledged) and Polling Mode (Basic) [p56] operate in the same way. The only difference between the two modes is in their means of achieving reliable delivery of data. In Polling Mode (Acknowledged), reliable delivery is achieved using retries and acknowledgements.
The XTend RS-232/422/485 RF Modem complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations. Compliance with the labeling requirements, FCC notices and antenna usage guidelines is required. In order to operate under Digi’s FCC Certification, OEMs/integrators must comply with the follow- ing regulations: The OEM/integrator must ensure that the text provided with this device [Figure A-01] is placed on the outside of the final product and within the final product operation manual.
Section 15.203 (unique antenna connectors) and Section 15.247 (emissions). Fixed Base Station and Mobile Applications Digi RF Modems are pre-FCC approved for use in fixed base station and mobile applications. When the antenna is mounted at least 20cm (8") from nearby persons, the application is considered a mobile application.
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Table A-02. Yagi antennas (approved when operating at 1-watt power output or lower) Part Number Type Connector Gain Required Antenna Cable Loss Application A09-Y6 2 Element Yagi 6.1 dBi 0.1 dB* Fixed / Mobile A09-Y7 3 Element Yagi 7.1 dBi...
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9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Table A-04. Mag Mount antennas (approved when operating at 1-watt power output or lower) Part Number Type Connector Gain Required Antenna Cable Loss Application A09-M0SM Mag Mount RPSMA 0 dBi Fixed A09-M2SM Mag Mount RPSMA 2.1 dBi Fixed...
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Table A-07. Yagi antennas (approved when operating at 100 mW power output or lower) Part Number Type Connector Gain Application A09-Y6 2 Element Yagi 6.1 dBi Fixed / Mobile A09-Y7 3 Element Yagi 7.1 dBi Fixed / Mobile A09-Y8 4 Element Yagi...
For example: Part number "XT09-PKC-RA" includes the listed accessories and part number "XT09-PKC-R" does not. The accessories kit includes hardware and software needed for developing long range wireless links. For testing the modem's range, Digi recommends the purchase of one RF Modem with the accessories and one without.
(DTE). Figure B-01. Male NULL modem adapter and pinouts Figure B-02. Example of a Digi Radio Modem (DCE Device) connecting to another DCE device) NULL Modem Adapter (female-to-female) Part Number: JD3D3-CDN-A (Gray, DB-9 F-F) The female-to-female NULL modem adapter is used to verify serial cabling is functioning properly.
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Male DB-9 to RJ-45 Adapter Part Number: JD2D2-CDN-A (Yellow) This adapter facilitates adapting the DB-9 Connector of the Digi Interface Board to a CAT5 cable (male DB9 to female RJ45). Refer to the ‘RS-485 (4-wire) & RS-422 Operation’ sections for RS-485/422 connection guidelines.
Product will be furnished on an exchange basis and will be either reconditioned or new. All replaced Product and parts become the property of Digi. If Digi determines that the Prod- uct is not under warranty, it will, at the Customers option, repair the Product using current Digi standard rates for parts and labor, and return the Product UPS Ground at no charge in or out of warranty.
9XTend™ RS-232/422/485 RF Modem User’s Guide Contact Digi For the best in wireless data solutions and support, please use the following resources: Documentation: www.maxstream.net/helpdesk/download.php Technical Support: Phone. (866) 765-9885 toll-free U.S.A. & Canada (801) 765-9885 Worldwide Live Chat. www.maxstream.net E-Mail.
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