1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. LeCroy Manuals
  4. Test Equipment
  5. 6000 SERIES
  6. Operator's manual

LeCroy 6000 SERIES Operator's Manual

Waverunner
Hide thumbs
1
2
Table Of Contents
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

W
W
A
V
A
V
O
O
S
S
O
P
E
R
O
P
E
R
L
C
L
C
E
E
R
R
E
U
N
E
U
N
S
E
R
S
E
R
C
I
L
L
O
C
I
L
L
O
A
T
O
R
A
T
O
R
O
O
C
T
O
B
E
C
T
O
B
E
R
O
Y
R
O
Y
6
N
E
R
N
E
R
®
®
I
E
S
I
E
S
S
C
O
P
E
S
C
O
P
'
S
M
A
'
S
M
A
2
0
0
3
2
0
0
3
R
R
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
S
E
S
N
U
A
L
N
U
A
L

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading

Related Manuals for LeCroy 6000 SERIES

Summary of Contents for LeCroy 6000 SERIES

  • Page 1 ® ® ’ ’...
  • Page 2 © 2003 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. LeCroy, ActiveDSO, ProBus, SMART Trigger, JitterTrack, WavePro, and Waverunner are registered trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. WaveMaster and X-Stream are trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications subject to change without notice.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    INTRODUCTION....................14 HOW TO USE ON-LINE HELP....................14 Type Styles ..........................14 Instrument Help........................14 Windows Help ..........................15 RETURNING A PRODUCT FOR SERVICE OR REPAIR ............15 TECHNICAL SUPPORT ........................ 15 STAYING UP-TO-DATE........................ 16 SPECIFICATIONS ........................17 Horizontal System .......................... 18 Acquisition System.........................
  • Page 4 Operator's Manual Warranty and Service........................28 Environmental Characteristics .......................28 Temperature ........................... 28 Humidity ..........................28 Altitude ............................ 28 Random Vibration ........................28 Shock ............................28 Certifications ........................29 CE Declaration of Conformity ....................29 Warning..........................29 WARRANTY...........................30 COPYRIGHT..........................31 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS ......................39 Safety Symbols and Terms..................... 39 Operating Environment ........................40 Cooling Requirements........................41 AC Power Source...........................41...
  • Page 5 SCREEN LAYOUT ......................... 53 INSTALLATION ....................55 Hardware............................55 External Monitor ..........................55 WRITABLE CD DRIVE OPTION..................56 Software ............................59 Checking the Scope Status ....................59 DEFAULT SETTINGS ........................60 WaveMaster and WavePro 7000 Series DSOs..............60 DDA, SDA, and WaveRunner DSOs....................60 ADDING A NEW OPTION ......................
  • Page 6 Operator's Manual To Set Probe Attenuation ....................... 76 BANDWIDTH LIMIT........................76 To Set Bandwidth Limiting ...................... 76 LINEAR AND (SINX)/X INTERPOLATION................77 To Set Up Interpolation ......................77 Inverting Waveforms ....................... 77 QUICKZOOM ..........................77 To Turn On a Zoom ........................ 77 FINDING SCALE ..........................77 To Use Find Scale ........................
  • Page 7 DISPLAY FORMATS ..................104 DISPLAY SETUP.........................104 Sequence Mode Display....................... 104 PERSISTENCE SETUP.......................105 Saturation Level ........................105 3-Dimensional Persistence ....................106 Show Last Trace ..........................107 Persistence Time..........................108 Locking of Traces .........................108 To Set Up Persistence........................108 SCREEN SAVER .........................109 MOVING TRACES FROM GRID TO GRID ................109 ZOOMING WAVEFORMS ......................
  • Page 8 Operator's Manual 100BASE-T ETHERNET CONNECTION ............122 CONNECTING TO A NETWORK....................122 COMMUNICATING OVER THE NETWORK ................123 Windows Setups ........................123 Windows Repair Disk......................123 TRACK VIEWS....................124 CREATING AND VIEWING A TREND..................124 CREATING A TRACK VIEW ......................125 HISTOGRAMS....................126 CREATING AND VIEWING A HISTOGRAM................126 To Set Up a Single Parameter Histogram ................
  • Page 9 Logarithmic Parameters......................155 Excluded Parameters ......................156 Parameter Script Parameter Math ..................156 Param Script vs. P Script...................... 157 To Set Up Parameter Math....................158 To Set Up Parameter Script Math..................158 Measure Gate ..........................159 To Set Up Measure Gate...................... 161 Help Markers..........................162 To Set Up Help Markers .......................
  • Page 10 Operator's Manual Improving Dynamic Range......................206 Record Length..........................207 FFT ALGORITHMS......................207 GLOSSARY .......................... 209 FFT SETUP........................... 212 ANALYSIS......................214 PASS/FAIL TESTING.........................214 ...................... 214 OMPARING ARAMETERS ........................... 215 ESTS Actions ..........................215 Setting Up Pass/Fail Testing ......................216 Initial Setup ........................... 216 Comparing a Single Parameter .................... 217 Comparing Dual Parameters ....................
  • Page 11 TOUCH SCREEN CALIBRATION ....................228 CUSTOMIZATION ....................229 CUSTOMIZING YOUR INSTRUMENT ..................229 Introduction ........................... 229 Solutions ..........................229 Examples ..........................230 What is Excel? ........................235 What is Mathcad? ......................... 235 What is MATLAB?......................... 235 What is VBS?........................235 What can you do with a customized instrument? ..............237 CALLING EXCEL FROM YOUR INSTRUMENT................238 Calling Excel Directly from the Instrument................
  • Page 12 Operator's Manual Summary of Select Case ..End Select ................276 Do . . . Loop .......................... 276 While . . . Wend........................277 For . . . Next .......................... 277 VBS keywords and functions .......................278 Other VBS Words ......................... 280 Functions............................280 Hints and Tips for VBScripting .....................281 ERRORS ............................283...
  • Page 13 Second Example PlugIn – Log-Log FFT Plot ............... 319 Control Variables in CustomDSO ..................322 JTA2 OPTION....................323 ACCESSING JTA2 ........................323 TIMING FUNCTIONS.........................323 TIMING PARAMETERS......................324 Statistical Tools........................324 HOW JITTERTRACK WORKS ....................324 Using “Clock” or “Data” ......................324 WHEN TO USE JITTERTRACK ....................327 JitterTrack or Trend? ......................
  • Page 14 Operator's Manual IIR Filters ............................353 FILTER SETUP ..........................354 To Set Up a DFP Filter......................354 MULTIRATE FILTERS.........................355 Description ..........................355 CUSTOM FILTERS........................356 Custom Filter Setup ......................356 Example 1: Creating an FIR Filter Coefficient File Using Mathcad ........356 Example 2: Creating an IIR Filter Coefficient File Using Mathcad ........358 SPECIFICATIONS ........................359 PMA2 OPTION ....................360 INTRODUCTION TO PMA2.......................360...
  • Page 15 Clearing the Modulation Analysis Setup ..................392 USING LINE POWER ANALYSIS .....................393 Line Power Analysis Overview ..................... 393 EN 61000-3-2, Harmonic Current Emissions ............... 393 Configuration for Line Power Analysis ..................394 Setting Up the Line Voltage and Current Signals.................396 Activating the Line Power Analysis Menu................397 Line Harmonics Measurement .....................398 USING NON-PROBUS PROBES....................401 PMA2 Dialog Overview......................

  • Page 16: Introduction

    Index displays an alphabetical listing of keywords. Search locates every occurrence of the keyword that you enter. www.LeCroy.com connects you to LeCroy's Web site where you can find Lab Briefs, Application Notes, and other useful information. This feature requires that the instrument be connected to the internet through...

  • Page 17: Windows Help

    Windows task bar at the bottom of the screen and selecting Help. RETURNING A PRODUCT FOR SERVICE OR REPAIR If you need to return a LeCroy product, identify it by its model and serial numbers. Describe the defect or failure, and give us your name and telephone number.

  • Page 18: Staying Up-To-Date

    STAYING UP-TO-DATE To maintain your instrument’s performance within specifications, have us calibrate it at least once a year. LeCroy offers state-of-the-art performance by continually refining and improving the instrument’s capabilities and operation. We frequently update both firmware and software during service, free of charge during warranty.

  • Page 19: Specifications

    SPECIFICATIONS Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice. Vertical System Bandwidth @ 50 ohms (-3 dB): 10 mV/div to 1 V/div 350 MHz 5 mV/div to 9.95 m/div 350 MHz WaveRunner 6030 2 mV/div to 4.99 m/div 300 MHz 10 mV/div to 1 V/div 500 MHz 5 mV/div to 9.95 m/div...

  • Page 20: Horizontal System

    Operator's Manual Input Coupling: 50 ohms: DC; 1 Mohms: AC, DC, GND Max Input Voltage: 50 ohms: 5 V ; 1 Mohms: 250 V (Peak AC: ≤ 10 kHz + DC) Installation (Overvoltage) Category: CAT I Channel to Channel Isolation: > 40 dB @ < 100 MHz (> 30 dB @ full bandwidth) Vertical Resolution: 8 bits;...

  • Page 21: Acquisition System

    External Timebase Clock: 100 MHz, 50 ohms impedance External Sample Clock: DC to 1 GHz; 50 ohm BNC input Roll Mode: Switches automatically at > 0.5 s/div or sampling rate < 20 kS/s Acquisition System Single-shot Sample Rate/Ch: 5 GS/s (WaveRunner 6030: 2.5 GS/s) 2 Channel Max.

  • Page 22: Acquisition Processing

    Operator's Manual Acquisition Processing Time Resolution (minimum, single-shot): 200 ps (5 GS/s); 100 ps (10 GS/s) Averaging: Summed averaging to 1 million sweeps; Continuous averaging to 1 million sweeps Enhanced Resolution (ERES): from 8.5 to 11 bits vertical resolution Envelope (Extrema): Envelope, floor, roof for up to 1 million sweeps Interpolation: Linear, (sinx)/x Triggering System Modes: Normal, Auto, Single, and Stop...

  • Page 23: Smart Triggers With Exclusion Technology

    SMART Triggers with Exclusion Technology Glitch: Triggers on positive or negative glitches with widths selectable from 600 ps to 20 s or on intermittent faults. Signal or Pattern Width: Triggers on positive or negative pulse widths selectable from 600 ps to 20 s or on intermittent faults.

  • Page 24: Analog Persistence Display

    Front Panel and Instrument Status: Save to the internal hard drive or to a USB-connected peripheral device. Interface Remote Control: Through Windows Automation or LeCroy remote command set GPIB Port (optional): Supports IEEE-488.2 Ethernet Port: 10/100Base-T Ethernet interface (RJ-45 connector) USB Ports: 5 USB ports (one at front of scope) support Windows compatible devices.

  • Page 25: Auxiliary Output

    Auxiliary Output Signal Types: Select from calibrator or control signals output on front panel. Calibrator Signal: 250 Hz to 1 MHz square wave or DC level; 5 mV to 1.0 V (selectable) into 1 kohms Control Signals: trigger enabled, trigger out, pass/fail status, square, DC level Math Tools (standard) Display up to four math function traces (F1 to F4).

  • Page 26: Measure Tools (Standard)

    Operator's Manual Measure Tools (standard) Display any 8 parameters together with statistics, including their average, high, low, and standard deviations. Histicons provide a fast, dynamic view of parameters and wave shape characteristics. amplitude number of points area overshoot+ base overshoot- cycles peak-to-peak delay...

  • Page 27: Advanced Math Package (Xmath)

    Advanced Math Package (XMATH) This package provides a comprehensive set of signal WaveShape Analysis tools that provide insight into the wave shape of complex signals. Additional analysis capability provided by XMAP includes: Intuitive graphical math setup (Processing Web) with unlimited chaining of functions. Parameter math -- add, subtract, multiply, or divide two different parameters.

  • Page 28: Jitter And Timing Analysis Package (Jta2)

    Trend (datalog) of up to one million events Persistence Histogram; Persistence Trace Value Analysis Package (XVAP) This is a value-priced version of LeCroy's premier XMAP package, with the following difference: It contains XWAV and JTA2, but does not contain XDEV. ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 29: Disk Drive Measurement Package (Ddm2)

    Disk Drive Measurement Package (DDM2) This package provides disk drive parameter measurements and related mathematical functions for performing disk drive WaveShape Analysis. Disk Drive Parameters: amplitude symmetry local time over threshold auto correlation s/n local time trough-peak local base local time under threshold local baseline separation narrow band phase local maximum...

  • Page 30: Warranty And Service

    Operator's Manual Physical Dimensions (HWD): 211 mm x 355 mm x 363 mm (8.3 in. x 13.9 in. x 14.3 in.); height measurement excludes foot pads Weight: 10 kg (22 lbs.) Shipping Weight: 13.6 kg (30 lbs.) Warranty and Service 3-year warranty;...

  • Page 31: Certifications

    Certifications Conforms to EN 61326-1, EN 61010-1 CE Declaration of Conformity The oscilloscope meets requirements of EMC Directive 89/336/EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility and Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC for Product Safety. EMC Directive: EN 61326-1:1997 +A1:1998 EMC requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use.

  • Page 32: Warranty

    The instrument is warranted for normal use and operation, within specifications, for a period of three years from shipment. LeCroy will either repair or, at our option, replace any product returned to one of our authorized service centers within this period. However, in order to do this we must first examine the product and find that it is defective due to workmanship or materials and not due to misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions or operation.

  • Page 33: Copyright

    © 2003 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. LeCroy, ActiveDSO, ProBus, SMART Trigger, WavePro, and Waverunner are registered trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. JitterTrack, WaveMaster, and X-Stream are trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications subject to change without notice.
  • Page 34 License will not take effect, and you will have no right to use or access the Software Product unless you are properly licensed to use a product identified by LeCroy as being eligible for the upgrade (“Underlying Product”). A Software Product labeled as an “upgrade” replaces and/or supplements the Underlying Product.
  • Page 35 Permitted Objective; (C) the information to be gained thereby has not already been made readily available to you or has not been provided by LeCroy within a reasonable time after a written request by you to LeCroy to provide such information; (D) the information gained is not used for any purpose other than the Permitted Objective and is not disclosed to any other person except as may be necessary to achieve the Permitted Objective;...
  • Page 36 Support Services will be considered part of the Software Product and will be subject to the terms and conditions of this EULA. LeCroy may use any technical information you provide to LeCroy during LeCroy’s provision of Support Services, for LeCroy’s business purposes, including for product support and development.
  • Page 37 Documentation) and other proprietary information of LeCroy; and any business, marketing or technical information disclosed by LeCroy, or its representatives, or you in relation to this EULA, and either (i) disclosed in writing and marked as confidential at the time of disclosure or (ii) disclosed in any other manner such that a reasonable person would understand the nature and confidentiality of the information.
  • Page 38 SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH LECROY, LECROY’S ENTIRE LIABILITY REGARDING SUPPORT SERVICES WILL BE GOVERNED BY THE TERMS OF THAT AGREEMENT. LECROY SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF DATA, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS, NOR FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,...
  • Page 39 LeCroy, its agents, or employees, but only by an instrument in writing signed by an authorized officer of LeCroy. No waiver by LeCroy of any breach or default of any provision of this EULA by you will be effective as to any other breach or default, whether of the same or any other provision and whether occurring prior to, concurrent with, or subsequent to the date of such waiver.
  • Page 40 Operator's Manual 8.6 Notices. All notices or other communications between LeCroy and you under this EULA will be in writing and delivered personally, sent by confirmed fax, by confirmed e-mail, by certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested, or by a nationally recognized express delivery service.

  • Page 41: Safety Requirements

    SAFETY REQUIREMENTS This section contains information and warnings that must be observed to keep the instrument operating in a correct and safe condition. You are required to follow generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions specified in this section. Safety Symbols and Terms Where the following symbols or terms appear on the instrument’s front or rear panels, or in this manual, they alert you to important safety considerations.

  • Page 42: Operating Environment

    Operator's Manual Installation (Overvoltage) Category rating per EN 61010-1 safety standard and is applicable for the oscilloscope front panel measuring terminals. CAT I rated CAT I terminals must only be connected to source circuits in which measures are taken to limit transient voltages to an appropriately low level.

  • Page 43: Cooling Requirements

    Cooling Requirements The instrument relies on forced air cooling with internal fans and ventilation openings. Care must be taken to avoid restricting the airflow around the CAUTION apertures (fan holes) at the sides, front, and rear of Do not block the ventilation holes located on both the DSO.

  • Page 44: On/Standby Switch

    Operator's Manual The DSO should be positioned to allow easy access to the socket-outlet. To completely remove power to the DSO, unplug the instrument’s power CAUTION cord from the AC outlet after the DSO is placed in The outer shells of the front panel terminals (CH1, Standby state.

  • Page 45: Abnormal Conditions

    Abnormal Conditions Operate the instrument only as intended by the manufacturer. WARNING If you suspect the DSO’s protection has been impaired, disconnect the power cord and secure Any use of the DSO in a manner not specified by the instrument against any unintended operation. the manufacturer may impair the instrument’s safety protection.
  • Page 46 Operator's Manual to toggle to Fine and adjust digits to the right of the decimal point. To enter exact values, you can also display a keypad by touching twice inside the data entry field. Then use the keypad to type in the value. Example Data Entry Field ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 47: Trigger Knobs

    Note: You can set the granularity (delta) of the coarse adjustment by double-tapping inside the data entry field, then touching the Advanced checkbox in the pop-up numeric keypad. The keypad presents Coarse delta up/down buttons to set the delta: In the pop-up keypad, be sure to leave the Fine checkbox unchecked to adjust the coarse delta. Trigger Knobs: Level Selects the trigger threshold level.

  • Page 48: Vertical Knobs

    Operator's Manual Vertical Knobs: Adjusts the vertical offset of a channel. Press these knobs to quickly set the Offset offset to zero. Volts/Div Adjusts the Volts/Division setting (vertical gain) of the channel selected. Channel Buttons: 1, 2, 3, 4 Turns a channel on or off. These buttons activate the dialog that lets you change the channel's setup conditions including coupling, gain, and offset.

  • Page 49: On-Screen Toolbars, Icons, And Dialog Boxes

    Touch Screen Activates or deactivates the touch screen. (toggle switch) Clear Sweeps Clears data from multiple sweeps (acquisitions) including: persistence trace displays, averaged traces, parameter statistics, and Histicons. During waveform readout, cancels readout. ON-SCREEN TOOLBARS, ICONS, AND DIALOG BOXES Menu Bar Buttons The menu bar buttons at the top of the scope's display are designed for quick setup of common functions.

  • Page 50: Dialog Boxes

    Operator's Manual Dialog Boxes The dialog area occupies the bottom one-third of the screen. To expand the signal display area, you can minimize each dialog box by touching the Close tab at the right of the dialog box. ALTERNATE ACCESS METHODS The instrument often gives you more than one way to access dialogs and menus.

  • Page 51: Tool Bar Buttons

    Tool Bar Buttons The procedures also focus on the use of the menu bar at the top of the screen to access dialogs and menus. However, on several dialogs common functions are accessible from a row of buttons that save you a step or two in accessing their dialogs. For example, at the bottom of the Channel Setup dialog, these buttons perform the following functions: Calls up the Measure menu.

  • Page 52: Trace Descriptors

    Operator's Manual TRACE DESCRIPTORS Vertical and horizontal trace descriptors (labels) are displayed below the grid. They provide a summary of your channel, timebase, and trigger settings. To make adjustments to these settings, touch the respective label to display the setup dialog for that function. Channel trace labels show the vertical settings for the trace, as well as cursor information if cursors are in use.

  • Page 53: To Annotate A Waveform

    For each waveform, you can create multiple labels and turn them all on or all off. Also, you can position them on the waveform by dragging or by specifying an exact horizontal position. To Annotate a Waveform Touch the waveform you want to annotate, then Set label... in the pop-up menu. A dialog box opens in which to create the label.

  • Page 54: To Turn On A Channel Trace Label

    Operator's Manual Note 1: If the dialog for the trace you want to annotate is currently displayed, you can touch the label button at the bottom to display the Trace Annotation setup dialog. Note 2: You may place a label anywhere you want on the waveform. Labels are numbered sequentially according to the order in which they are added, and not according to their placement on the waveform.

  • Page 55: Screen Layout

    2. To turn on a math function trace, touch Math in the menu bar, then Math Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the On checkbox for the trace you want to activate. 3. You can also quickly create traces (and turn on the trace label) for math functions and memory traces, without leaving the Vertical Adjust dialog, by touching the icons at the bottom of the Vertical Adjust dialog: Whenever you turn on a channel, math, or memory trace via the menu bar, the dialog at the...
  • Page 56 Operator's Manual Signal Display Grid You can set up the signal display area by touching in the toolbar, then the tab. The display dialog offers a choice of grid combinations and a means to set the grid intensity. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 57: Installation

    INSTALLATION Hardware Instrument Rear Panel (1) Mouse; (2) Keyboard; (3) USB Port; (4) USB Port; (5) Centronics Port; (6) RS-232-C Port; (7) External VGA Monitor; (8) Ethernet Port; (9) USB Port; (10) USB Port; (11) Line In; (12) Speakers; (13) Microphone External Monitor Shut off power to the scope.

  • Page 58: Writable Cd Drive Option

    Operator's Manual Touch Enable External Monitor. Touch inside the Brightness field and adjust brightness as necessary. WRITABLE CD DRIVE OPTION If your scope is equipped with this option, follow these setup instructions to install the software. Note: Install the software only in WaveRunner scopes that have CD drive model SM-CD- W224EA installed.
  • Page 59 Select a language: Click Next when the Wizard appears: WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 60 Operator's Manual Select Complete setup: Click Install: ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 61: Software

    When installation is completed, the scope will need to be rebooted. The install Wizard places a shortcut icon on the desktop. Note: If in the future it is necessary to run recovery software, this Easy CD Creator 5 Basic installation software will need to be reinstalled also. Software Checking the Scope Status To find out the scope's software and hardware configuration, including software version and...

  • Page 62: Default Settings

    Operator's Manual Touch the tab. You can find information related to hard drive memory, etc. as follows: Minimize the instrument application by touching , then selecting Minimize in the drop-down menu. Touch the Start taskbar button and, per usual Windows® operation, open Windows Explorer.

  • Page 63: Adding A New Option

    ADDING A NEW OPTION To add a software option you need a key code to enable the option. Call LeCroy Customer Support to place an order and receive the code. To add the software option do the following: In the menu bar, touch In the dialog area, touch the tab.

  • Page 64: Restoring Software

    Operator's Manual RESTORING SOFTWARE Restarting the Application Upon initial power-up, the scope will load the instrument application software automatically. If you exit the application and want to reload it, touch the shortcut icon on the desktop: If you minimize the application, touch the appropriate task bar or desktop button to maximize it: Restarting the Operating System If you need to restart the Windows®...
  • Page 65 Proper Orientation of Drive WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 66: External Monitor

    Operator's Manual Protective Cover EXTERNAL MONITOR If your X-Stream scope's processor runs at greater than 1 GHz, the external monitor must be configured manually. You can find out your processor's speed by touching Utilities in the menu bar, then touching the Status tab of the "Utilities" dialog. If the speed is greater than 1 GHz, proceed as follows: 1.
  • Page 67 5. After boot-up, touch Display in the menu bar, then Display Setup... in the drop-down menu. 6. Touch the Monitor tab of the "Display" dialog: 7. Touch Enable External Monitor. 8. Touch inside the Brightness field and adjust brightness as necessary. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 68: Connecting To A Signal

    CONNECTING TO A SIGNAL PROBUS INTERFACE LeCroy's ProBus® probe system provides a complete measurement solution from probe tip to oscilloscope display. ProBus allows you to control transparent gain and offset directly from your front panel. It is particularly useful for voltage, differential, and current active probes. It uploads gain and offset correction factors from the ProBus EPROMs and automatically compensates to achieve fully calibrated measurements.

  • Page 69: Auxiliary Output Signals

    AUXILIARY OUTPUT SIGNALS In addition to a calibration signal, the following signals can be output through the AUX OUTPUT connector: Square Wave Trigger Out -- can be used to trigger another scope DC level -- a reference level Trigger Enabled -- can be used as a gating function to trigger another instrument when the scope is ready Pass/Fail -- allows you to set a pulse duration...

  • Page 70: Sampling Modes

    Operator's Manual SAMPLING MODES SAMPLING MODES Depending on your timebase, you can choose either Single-shot (Real Time) Sequence , or RIS mode sampling. To Select a Sampling Mode In the menu bar, touch Timebase, then Horizontal Setup... in the drop-down menu. In the "Horizontal"...

  • Page 71: Sequence Sampling Mode Working With Segments

    Because each instrument input channel has a dedicated ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), the voltage on each is sampled and measured at the same instant. This allows very reliable time measurements between the channels. On fast timebase settings, the maximum single-shot sampling rate is used. But for slower timebases, the sampling rate is decreased and the number of data samples maintained.

  • Page 72: To Set Up Sequence Mode

    Operator's Manual How the instrument captures segments To Set Up Sequence Mode 1. In the menu bar, touch Timebase, then touch Horizontal Setup... in the drop-down menu. 2. Touch the Smart Memory tab, then touch the Sequence mode button 3. Under Sequence Options, touch inside the Num Segments data entry field and enter the number of segments you want to display, using the pop-up keypad.

  • Page 73: Sequence Display Modes

    up numeric keypad. 9. Touch inside the Starting at field and enter a starting segment number, using the pop-up numeric keypad. Sequence Display Modes The instrument gives you a choice of five ways to display your segments: Adjacent Waterfall (cascaded) Mosaic (tiled) WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 74: To Display Individual Segments

    Operator's Manual Overlay Perspective The number of segments you choose to display (80 maximum) can be less than the total number of segments in the waveform. For example, in the pop-up images above, the number of display segments is 10, but the total number of segments entered in the timebase dialog's Num Segments field is 100.

  • Page 75: Ris Sampling Mode -- For Higher Sample Rates

    Touch one of the channel buttons under Select Waveform. Touch inside the Select Segment field and enter a segment number, using the pop-up keypad. RIS SAMPLING MODE -- FOR HIGHER SAMPLE RATES RIS (Random Interleaved Sampling) is an acquisition technique that allows effective sampling rates higher than the maximum single-shot sampling rate.

  • Page 76: Roll Mode

    Operator's Manual ROLL MODE Roll mode applies only to WavePro 7000 series scopes, and can be selected when the timebase mode is real time, time per division is > 200 ms/div, and the sampling rate is < 200 kS/s. Roll mode is not selected automatically when the above criteria are met. You must select Roll mode manually from the Timebase dialog each time you want to invoke it.

  • Page 77: Vertical Settings And Channel Controls

    VERTICAL SETTINGS AND CHANNEL CONTROLS ADJUSTING SENSITIVITY AND POSITION To Adjust Sensitivity Press the appropriate channel push button, for example to turn on channel 1. Or touch Vertical in the menu bar, then Channel 1 in the drop-down menu. Touch inside the Trace On checkbox to display the trace. Turn the volts per division knob for the selected channel.

  • Page 78: To Set Coupling

    PROBE ATTENUATION To Set Probe Attenuation LeCroy's ProBus® system automatically senses probes and sets their attenuation for you. If you want to set the attenuation manually, In the menu bar, touch Vertical, then select a channel from the drop-down menu.

  • Page 79: Linear And (Sinx)/X Interpolation

    LINEAR AND (SINX)/X INTERPOLATION Linear interpolation, which inserts a straight line between sample point, is best used to reconstruct straight-edged signals such as square waves. (Sinx)/x interpolation, on the other hand, is suitable for reconstructing curved or irregular waveshapes, especially when the sample rate is 3 to 5 times the system bandwidth.

  • Page 80: To Enable Variable Gain

    Operator's Manual However, when Variable Gain is enabled, you can increase or decrease the gain in increments as small as 1 mV, depending on the scale of the waveform. To Enable Variable Gain Touch the descriptor label for the waveform whose gain you want to vary. Touch the Variable Gain check box.

  • Page 81: Timebase And Acquisition System

    When you combine channels, uncombined channels like EXT BNC remain available for triggering, even though they are not displayed. Note: While channels can be combined on any WaveRunner 6000 Series model to increase memory, sample rate can only be increased on 1 GHz and 2 GHz bandwidth models.

  • Page 82: Autosetup

    Operator's Manual 2. Under Active Channels, touch 4, 2 or Auto. The maximum sample rate is shown alongside each button. AUTOSETUP When channels are turned on, Autosetup operates only on those turned-on channels. If no channels are turned on, all channels are affected. When more than one channel is turned on, the first channel in numerical order with a signal applied to it is automatically set up for edge triggering.

  • Page 83: Triggering

    A simple trigger, Edge trigger is activated by basic waveform features or conditions such as positive or negative slope, and holdoff. One of LeCroy's SMART Triggers®, Width trigger allows you to define a positive- or negative-going pulse width bounded by a voltage level, above or below which a trigger will occur.

  • Page 84: Determining Trigger Level, Slope, Source, And Coupling

    Operator's Manual The State trigger is a level-qualified SMART Trigger which requires that the qualifying signal remain above or below a specified voltage level for a trigger to occur. For Sate trigger, you specify the time or number of events after the signal has gone above or below the voltage level when you want the trigger to occur.

  • Page 85: Trigger Source

    Edge trigger works on the selected edge at the chosen level. The slope (positive or negative) is specified in the Trigger label permanently displayed below-right of the grid. Trigger Source The Trigger On source may be one of the following: The acquisition channel signal (CH 1, CH 2, CH 3 or CH 4) conditioned for the overall voltage gain, coupling, and bandwidth.

  • Page 86: Holdoff By Time Or Events

    Operator's Manual Holdoff by Time or Events Holdoff is an additional condition of Edge trigger. It can be expressed either as a period of time or an event count. Holdoff disables the trigger circuit for a given period of time or number of events after the last trigger occurred.

  • Page 87: Hold Off By Events

    Hold Off by Events Select a positive or negative slope and a number of events. An event is the number of times the trigger condition is met after the last trigger. A trigger is generated when the condition is met after this number, counted from the last trigger.

  • Page 88: To Set Up An Edge Trigger

    Operator's Manual The trigger location is shown by a marker below the grid Post-trigger delay is indicated by a left-pointing arrow below-left of the grid . The time value is given in the title line of the TimeBase label below-right of the grid. Vertical: Turn the Level knob in the TRIGGER control group to adjust the trigger's vertical threshold.
  • Page 89 Touch inside the Level data entry field . In the pop-up numeric keypad, enter a value in millivolts or use the up/down buttons increase or decrease the value in increments of 1 mV. Or, touch one of the preset value buttons: Max.
  • Page 90 Operator's Manual pop-up numeric keypad, enter a value and specify the unit of time , or use the up/down buttons to increase or decrease the time value in increments of 200 ps. Or, touch one of the preset value buttons: The preset Time values are as follows: Max.

  • Page 91: Smart Triggers

    SMART TRIGGERS IDTH RIGGER How Width Trigger Works Width trigger allows you to define a positive- or negative-going pulse width bounded by a voltage level, above or below which a trigger will occur. You can specify a pulse width and voltage range, within or outside of which a trigger will occur.

  • Page 92: Glitch Trigger

    Operator's Manual field. Or touch the GreaterThan button and enter a pulse-width value in the Lower Limit data entry field. Or touch the InRange button. Touch the Delta button to set up a nominal range, plus or minus a delta value in seconds. Touch inside the Nominal Width and Delta data entry fields and enter values using the pop-up numeric keypads.
  • Page 93 Glitch Trigger: In this example triggering on a pulse width less than or equal to the width selected. The broken upward-pointing arrow indicates a potential trigger, while the bold one shows where the actual trigger occurs. To Set Up Glitch Trigger 1.

  • Page 94: Interval Trigger

    Operator's Manual 4. Touch inside the Level data entry field and enter a value using the pop-up numeric keypad. 5. Select positive or negative slope. 6. Define the width of the glitch you are looking for. You can trigger on any glitch less than a chosen pulse-width (Upper Limit);...
  • Page 95 Interval Trigger that triggers when the interval width is smaller than the selected interval. The broken, upward- pointing arrow indicates a potential trigger, while the bold one shows where the actual trigger occurs on the positive edge within the selected interval. Interval Greater Than: For this Interval Trigger, generated on an interval larger than the one that you set, select a minimum interval between two edges of the same slope.
  • Page 96 Operator's Manual Interval Trigger that triggers when the interval width is larger than the set interval. The broken upward-pointing arrow indicates a potential trigger, while the bold one shows where the actual trigger occurs on the positive edge after the selected interval. Interval In Range: This Interval Trigger is generated whenever an interval between two edges of the same slope falls within a selected range.
  • Page 97 Interval Trigger that triggers when the interval falls within the selected range: = range's lower time limit; t = range's upper limit. The broken upward-pointing arrow indicates a potential trigger, while the bold one indicates where the actual trigger occurs on the positive edge within the selected range.

  • Page 98: Qualified Trigger

    Operator's Manual 4. Touch inside the Level data entry field and enter a value using the pop-up numeric keypad. 5. Select positive or negative slope. 6. Touch the LessThan button and enter a pulse-width value in the Upper Limit data entry field.
  • Page 99 on the first signal. For State Qualified triggers the amplitude of the first signal must remain in the desired state until the trigger occurs. A qualified trigger can occur immediately after the validation, or following a predetermined time delay or number of potential trigger events. The time delay or trigger count is restarted with every validation.
  • Page 100 Operator's Manual Qualified First Trigger Qualified First trigger is intended to be used exclusively in Sequence Mode to speed up the trigger rate. With Qualified First trigger, a single valid trigger is sufficient to acquire a full sequence. Other than in Sequence Mode, Qualified First is identical to the Qualified triggers. In data storage applications, the index pulse can be defined as the qualifier signal and the servo gate signal as the trigger source.

  • Page 101: State Trigger

    Touch inside the field below the Qualify by: buttons and enter a value using the numeric keypad. To set up a Qualified First trigger, touch the Qualify first segment only checkbox if you are in Sequence mode. TATE RIGGER State trigger is another Qualified trigger; however, instead of using the edges of the qualifying inputs, State trigger uses the logic state of the inputs to qualify the trigger.

  • Page 102: Dropout Trigger

    Operator's Manual Touch the State trigger button Touch inside the Trigger On data entry field and select a source on which to trigger. Select Positive or Negative slope. Touch inside the has gone data entry field and select the qualifying signal source from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 103: Logic Trigger

    How Dropout Trigger Works Dropout Trigger: occurs when the timeout has expired. The bold upward-pointing arrows show where the trigger occurs. To Set Up Dropout Trigger In the menu bar, touch Trigger, then Trigger Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the Dropout trigger button Select Positive or Negative slope.
  • Page 104 Operator's Manual when the trigger state for CH 1 is high, CH 2 is low, and EXT is irrelevant (X or don't care). If any one of these conditions is not met, the pattern state is considered false. You can set holdoff limits from 2 ns to 20 s or from 1 to 1,000,000,000 events.
  • Page 105 true, touch one of the holdoff buttons 8. Touch inside the holdoff data entry field and enter a value using the pop-up numeric keypad. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 106: Display Formats

    Operator's Manual DISPLAY FORMATS DISPLAY SETUP 1. In the menu bar, touch Display; then touch Display Setup in the drop-down menu. 2. Touch one of the Grid combination buttons. Autogrid automatically adds or deletes grids as you select more or fewer waveforms to display. 3.

  • Page 107: Persistence Setup

    Touch inside the Starting at field and enter a value. Note: The maximum value that you can enter for Starting at depends on the Num Segments value you entered in the "Timebase" dialog. It also depends on the Num seg displayed value you entered here in the "Display" dialog. For example, if you had entered a value of 500 in Num Segments, and a value of 10 in Num seg displayed, the maximum value you can enter as a starting segment is 491so that 10 segments can be seen.

  • Page 108: 3-Dimensional Persistence

    Operator's Manual Color mode persistence, selected by touching , works on the same principle as the Analog persistence feature, but instead uses the entire color spectrum to map signal intensity: violet for minimum population, red for maximum population. A saturation level of 100% spreads the intensity variation across the entire distribution;...

  • Page 109: Show Last Trace

    Here is a monochrome (analog) view of the same waveform. The lightest areas indicate highest intensity, corresponding to the red areas in the solid view. Here is a shaded (projected light) view of the same waveform. This view emphasizes the shape of the pulses.

  • Page 110: Persistence Time

    Operator's Manual checkbox. However, if you are doing mask testing and want to see where the last trace is falling, turn Show Last Trace on. Persistence Time You can control the duration of persistence by setting a time limit, in seconds, after which persistence data will be erased: 0.5 s, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, or infinity.

  • Page 111: Screen Saver

    9. To create a 3-dimensional view, touch the 3d button . Then 10. Touch inside the Saturation data entry field and enter a whole number integer, using the pop-up numeric keypad. 11. Touch inside the Persistence time data entry field and make a selection from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 112: Zooming Waveforms

    Operator's Manual 2. Select Next Grid from the pop-up menu. Note: If you have more than one waveform displayed on only one grid, a second grid will open automatically when you select Next Grid. ZOOMING WAVEFORMS The Zoom button appears as a standard button at the bottom of the channel "Cx Vertical Adjust"...

  • Page 113: To Zoom A Single Channel

    When you zoom a waveform, an approximation of the zoomed area will appear in a thumbnail icon in the "Zoom" dialog: . The "Zoom" dialog appears alongside the math setup dialog when Zoom is the math or memory function selected. To Zoom a Single Channel In the menu bar, touch Vertical;...

  • Page 114: To Zoom Multiple Waveforms Quickly

    Operator's Manual Touch the "Action" tab and select Create a New Zoom Trace. For channel traces, select Update Acquisition Settings if you do not want to create a new zoom, but just want to update acquisition settings. For math function traces, you will be offered the choice of creating a new zoom trace or modifying the current trace.
  • Page 115 Touch the On checkbox to display each zoom you want to include in the multi-zoom. Touch the Multi-Zoom Setup button . The Multi-Zoom dialog opens: Touch the Multi-zoom On checkbox to enable Multi-zoom. Then touch the Include checkbox for each zoom trace you want to include in the time-locked multi-zoom: Here the user has chosen to include only F2 and F3 in the Multi-zoom, even though F4 is also a zoom function and is also displayed.

  • Page 116: Xy Display

    Operator's Manual To Turn Off Multi-Zoom In the menu bar, touch Math, then Math Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the Multi-Zoom On checkbox to turn off Multi-zoom. XY DISPLAY Use XY displays to measure the phase shift between otherwise identical signals. You can display either voltage on both axes or frequency on both axes.

  • Page 117: Save And Recall

    SAVE AND RECALL SAVING AND RECALLING SCOPE SETTINGS You can save or recall scope settings to or from hard disk, floppy disk, or LAN location. To Save Scope Settings In the menu bar, touch File; then touch Save Setup... in the drop-down menu. Or, press the Save/Recall front panel button, then touch the "Save Setup"...

  • Page 118: Saving Screen Images

    Operator's Manual The default settings are as follows: Vertical Timebase Trigger 50 mV/div 50.0 ns/div DC50 or AC1M (model dependent), C1, 0 mV trigger level 0 V offset 5.0 or 10.0 GS/s edge trigger (model dependent) positive edge 0 s delay Auto trigger mode SAVING SCREEN IMAGES You can send images to a hard copy printer or to storage media.
  • Page 119 in non-volatile RAM (M1M4). 4. Touch inside the Trace Title data entry field if you want to change the default name of your waveforms. Use the pop-up keyboard to type in the new name. Note: You can change the name but not the sequence number. CAUTION If you use a name that ends in a number instead of a letter, the instrument may truncate the number.

  • Page 120: Recalling Waveforms

    Operator's Manual Auto Save You can also enable Auto Save from this dialog by touching one of the Auto Save buttons : Wrap (old files overwritten) or Fill (no files overwritten). CAUTION If you select Fill, you can quickly use up all disk space on your hard disk. Recalling Waveforms 1.

  • Page 121: To Delete All Files In A Folder

    2. Touch the Delete button in the "Disk Utilities" dialog. 3. Touch inside the Current folder data entry field and use the pop-up keyboard to enter the path to the folder that contains the file you want to delete. Or touch the Browse button and navigate to the folder.

  • Page 122: Printing And File Management

    Operator's Manual PRINTING AND FILE MANAGEMENT PRINT, PLOT, OR COPY The instrument gives you the ability to output files to a printer or plotter, to print to file, or to e-mail your files. Any Windows 2000 supported printer is supported by your instrument. PRINTING To Set Up the Printer In the menu bar, touch File, then Print Setup...

  • Page 123: Changing The Default Printer

    Changing the Default Printer If you want to change the default printer, minimize the instrument application by touching File in the menu bar, then Minimize in the drop-down menu. Touch the Start button in the task bar at the bottom of the screen. Select Settings, then Printers.

  • Page 124: 100Base-T Ethernet Connection

    Operator's Manual 100BASE-T ETHERNET CONNECTION CONNECTING TO A NETWORK Use the Ethernet connector (item 8 in the rear panel diagram) to connect the instrument to a network. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 125: Communicating Over The Network

    Please follow these recommendations: Do not load any version of Windows not provided by LeCroy. If you load any Windows 2000 service packs from Microsoft, please be advised that LeCroy cannot guarantee trouble-free operation afterwards.

  • Page 126: Track Views

    Operator's Manual TRACK VIEWS CREATING AND VIEWING A TREND In the menu bar, touch Measure, then Measure Setup in the drop-down menu. Touch one of parameter tabs P1 through Px. Touch inside the Source1 data entry field and select an input waveform from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 127: Creating A Track View

    CREATING A TRACK VIEW This feature is available in the XMAP option. In the menu bar, touch Measure, then Measure Setup in the drop-down menu. Touch one of parameter tabs P1 through Px. Touch inside the Source1 data entry field and select an input waveform from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 128: Histograms

    Operator's Manual HISTOGRAMS CREATING AND VIEWING A HISTOGRAM Note: The number of sweeps comprising the histogram will be displayed in the bottom line of the trace descriptor label: To Set Up a Single Parameter Histogram From Measure Dialog In the menu bar, touch Measure, then Measure Setup. Touch the My Measure button.

  • Page 129: To View Thumbnail Histograms

    6. Touch inside the Graph with field and select Histogram from the pop-up menu. 7. In the dialog to the right, touch the Histogram tab. 8. Under "Buffer," touch inside the #Values data entry field and enter a value from 20 to 1000.

  • Page 130: Persistence Trace Range

    Operator's Manual on the software options loaded on your scope. See specifications.. Touch inside the Source1 field and select a source from the pop-up menu. Touch inside the Operator1 field and select Phistogram from the Select Math Operator menu. Touch the "Phistogram" tab, then touch inside the Slice Direction field and select Horizontal or Vertical slice from the pop-up menu.
  • Page 131 Example: WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 132 Operator's Manual fwxx Full Width at xx% Maximum Definition: Determines the width of the largest area peak, measured between bins on either side of the highest bin in the peak that have a population of xx% of the highest's population. If several peaks have an area equal to the maximum population, the leftmost peak is used in the computation.
  • Page 133 hist ampl Histogram Amplitude Definition: The difference in value of the two most populated peaks in a histogram. This parameter is useful for waveforms with two primary parameter values, such as TTL voltages, where hampl would indicate the difference between the binary `1' and `0' voltage values.
  • Page 134 Operator's Manual hbase Histogram Base Definition: The value of the leftmost of the two most populated peaks in a histogram. This parameter is primarily useful for waveforms with two primary parameter values such as TTL voltages where hbase would indicate the binary `0' voltage value. Description: The two highest histogram peaks are determined.
  • Page 135 hist rms Histogram Root Mean Square Definition: The rms value of the values in a histogram. Description: The center value of each populated bin is squared and multiplied by the population (height) of the bin. All results are summed and the total is divided by the population of all the bins.
  • Page 136 Operator's Manual hist top Histogram Top Definition: The value of the rightmost of the two most populated peaks in a histogram. This parameter is useful for waveforms with two primary parameter values, such as TTL voltages, where htop would indicate the binary `1' voltage value. Description: The two highest histogram peaks are determined.
  • Page 137 maxp Maximum Population Definition: The count (vertical value) of the highest population bin in a histogram. Description: Each bin between the parameter cursors is examined for its count. The highest count is returned as maxp. Example: Here, maxp is 14. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 138 Operator's Manual mode Mode Definition: The value of the highest population bin in a histogram. Description: Each bin between the parameter cursors is examined for its population count. The leftmost bin with the highest count found is selected. Its center value is returned as mode.
  • Page 139 pctl Percentile Definition: Computes the horizontal data value that separates the data in a histogram such that the population on the left is a specified percentage `xx' of the total population. When the threshold is set to 50%, pctl is the same as hmedian. Description: The total population of the histogram is determined.
  • Page 140 Operator's Manual Peaks Definition: The number of peaks in a histogram. Description: The instrument analyzes histogram data to identify peaks from background noise and histogram binning artifacts such as small gaps. Peak identification is a 3-step process: 1. The mean height of the histogram is calculated for all populated bins. A threshold (T1) is calculated from this mean, where: T1= mean + 2 sqrt (mean).
  • Page 141 WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 142 Operator's Manual range Range Definition: Computes the difference between the value of the rightmost and that of the leftmost populated bin. Description: The rightmost and leftmost populated bins are identified. The difference in value between the two is returned as the range. Example: In this example, range is 2 mV.
  • Page 143 totp Total Population Definition: Calculates the total population of a histogram between the parameter cursors. Description: The count for all populated bins between the parameter cursors is summed. Example: The total population of this histogram is 9. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 144 Operator's Manual xapk X Coordinate of xx Peak Definition: Returns the value of the xx peak that is the largest by area in a histogram. Description: First the peaks in a histogram are determined and ranked in order of total area (for a discussion on how peaks are identified see the description for the pks parameter).

  • Page 145: Histogram Theory Of Operation

    HISTOGRAM THEORY OF OPERATION An understanding of statistical variations in parameter values is needed for many waveform parameter measurements. Knowledge of the average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the parameter may often be enough, but in many cases you may need a more detailed understanding of the distribution of a parameter's values.

  • Page 146: Dso Process

    Operator's Manual The lowest-value bin with events is that with a sub-range of 3.0 to 3.1 V. As TTL high voltages need to be greater than 2.5 V, the lowest bin is within the allowable tolerance. However, because of its proximity to this tolerance and the degree of the bin's separation from all other values, additional investigation may be required.

  • Page 147: Parameter Buffer

    If you set the timebase for non-segmented mode, a single acquisition occurs prior to parameter calculations. However, in Sequence mode an acquisition for each segment occurs prior to parameter calculations. If the source of histogram data is a memory, saving new data to memory effectively acts as a trigger and acquisition.

  • Page 148: Histogram Parameters (Xmap And Jta2 Options)

    Operator's Manual Parameters Number of Events Captured duty, freq, period, width, time@lev, f@level, f80- All events in the acquisition 20%, fall, r@level, r20-80%, rise ampl, area, base, cmean, cmedian, crms, csdev, One event per acquisition cycles, delay, maximum, mean, minimum, nbph, nbpw, over+, over-, pkpk, npts, rms, sdev, dly Histogram Parameters (XMAP and JTA2 Options) Once a histogram is defined and generated, measurements can be performed on the histogram...

  • Page 149: Histogram Peaks

    pop @ x -- population of bin for specified horizontal coordinate range -- difference between highest and lowest data values total pop -- total population in histogram x at peak -- x-axis position of specified largest peak Histogram Peaks Because the shape of histogram distributions is particularly interesting, additional parameter measurements are available for analyzing these distributions.
  • Page 150 Operator's Manual Nevertheless, using more bins may require that you perform a greater number of waveform parameter measurements, in order to populate the bins sufficiently for the identification of a characteristic histogram distribution. In addition, very fine grained binning will result in gaps between populated bins that may make it difficult to determine peaks.

  • Page 151: Waveform Measurements

    WAVEFORM MEASUREMENTS MEASURING WITH CURSORS Cursors are important tools that aid you in measuring signal values. Cursors are markers — lines, cross-hairs, or arrows — that you can move around the grid or the waveform itself. Use cursors to make fast, accurate measurements and to eliminate guesswork. There are two basic types: Horiz(ontal) (generally Time or Frequency) cursors are markers that you move horizontally along the waveform.

  • Page 152: Full Setup

    Operator's Manual Full Setup In the menu bar, touch Cursors, then Cursors Setup. The "Standard Cursors" dialog opens. In the dialog area, touch the Cursors On check box to display them. Touch one of the Horizontal or Vertical mode buttons: Relative or Absolute. If you chose a Relative mode, also touch a readout parameter button: Y position, delta Y, or slope.

  • Page 153: Status Symbols

    Touching the row titles displays the top Measure dialog. Status Symbols Below each parameter appears a symbol that indicates the status of the parameter, as follows: A green check mark means that the scope is returning a valid value. A crossed-out pulse means that the scope is unable to determine top and base; however, the measurement could still be valid.

  • Page 154: Using X-Stream Browser To Obtain Status Information

    Operator's Manual Using X-Stream Browser to Obtain Status Information Example: Here is a case of an overflow condition, in which the amplitude of the waveform cannot be determined: 1. Minimize the scope display by selecting File Minimize. 2. Touch the X-Stream Browser desktop icon to open the browser.

  • Page 155: Statistics

    5. Read the status information in line StatusDescription. Statistics By touching the Statistics On checkbox in the "Measure" dialog, you can display statistics for standard vertical or horizontal parameters, or for custom parameters. The statistics that are displayed are as follows: value (last) mean min.

  • Page 156: To Apply A Measure Mode

    Operator's Manual number of cycles per waveform. Also, the "value" is equal to the measurement of the last cycle on the last acquisition. To Apply a Measure Mode In the menu bar, touch Measure, then Measure Setup. Choose a Measure Mode from the dialog. The parameters are displayed below the grid. Measure Modes The selections for Measure Mode allow you to quickly apply parameters for standard vertical and standard horizontal setups, and custom setups.

  • Page 157: Standard Horizontal Parameters

    Standard Horizontal Parameters These are the default Standard Horizontal Parameters: Horizontal freq period width rise fall delay duty npoints My Measure You can choose to customize up to eight parameters by touching My Measure. Parameter Math (XMATH or XMAP option required) To Set Up Parameter Math The instrument gives you the ability to perform arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) on the results of two parameter measurements.

  • Page 158: Excluded Parameters

    Operator's Manual Excluded Parameters Parameters that are already the result of parameter math operations are excluded. If they are included in a remote control setup command, an error message is generated and the setup canceled. Excluded parameters are as follows: delta clock-to-data near (DC2D) delta clock-to-data next (DC2DPOS) delta clock-to-data previous (DC2DNEG)

  • Page 159: Param Script Vs. P Script

    Param Script vs. P Script Param Script is a VBScript or JavaScript that operates on one or two waveforms and outputs a parameter measurement, as shown in the figure below. P Script, on the other hand, is another VBScript or JavaScript that takes as input one or two parameters and performs a math operation on them to produce another parameter output.

  • Page 160: To Set Up Parameter Math

    Operator's Manual To Set Up Parameter Math 1. Touch Measure in the menu bar, then Measure Setup... in the drop-down menu. 2. Touch the My Measure button in the "Measure" dialog. 3. Touch the Px tab for the parameter to which you want to apply parameter math. 4.

  • Page 161: Measure Gate

    Touch inside the Source1 and Source2 fields and select the parameters you want to apply math to (P1 to Px). If you are applying math to a single parameter (for example, invert), just touch inside the Source1 field and select a parameter (P1 to Px). Touch inside the Math Operator field and select P Script from the Select Measurement menu.
  • Page 162 Operator's Manual In this example, you can see that the Measure Gate includes only five rising edges. Therefore, parameter calculations for rise time are performed only on the five pulses bounded by the gate posts. The position of the gate posts is shown in the Start and Stop fields in the accompanying dialog.

  • Page 163: To Set Up Measure Gate

    To Set Up Measure Gate In the menu bar, touch Measure Setup... Touch the Px tab for the parameter you want to gate. A mini-dialog to the right of the main setup dialog opens. Note: If you already have the parameter of interest set up, you can simply touch the parameter Example Parameter Readout directly below the grid.

  • Page 164: Help Markers

    Operator's Manual Help Markers Help Markers clarify parameter measurements by displaying movable cursors and a visual representation of what is being measured. For the "at level" parameters, Help Markers make it easier to see where your waveform intersects the chosen level. This feature also displays the hysteresis band that you have set about that level.

  • Page 165: To Set Up Help Markers

    Standard Vertical Parameter Help Markers To Set Up Help Markers In the menu bar, touch Measure Setup... Select a Measure Mode: Std Vertical, Std Horizontal, or My Measure. Touch the Show All button to display Help Markers for every parameter being measured on the displayed waveform (C2 in the examples above).

  • Page 166: To Turn Off Help Markers

    Operator's Manual To Turn Off Help Markers 1. Touch the Clear All button to turn off Help Markers for all parameters. 2. To turn off Help Markers for individual parameters, touch the Px tab for the parameter in question. Then uncheck the Always On checkbox. When you close this dialog, the Help Markers for this parameter will no longer be displayed.

  • Page 167: From A Math Setup Dialog

    From a Math Setup Dialog 1. In the "Fx" dialog, touch the Measure button 2. Select a parameter from the pop-up menu. (The Actions for trace source defaults to the channel or trace whose dialog is open. If a parameter, it goes into the next "available" parameter, or the last one if all are used.) 3.

  • Page 168: Parameter Calculations

    Operator's Manual PARAMETER CALCULATIONS Parameters and How They Work Determining Top and Base Lines Proper determination of the top and base reference lines is fundamental for ensuring correct parameter calculations. The analysis begins by computing a histogram of the waveform data over the time interval spanned by the left and right time cursors.
  • Page 169 Determining Rise and Fall Times Once top and base are estimated, calculation of the rise and fall times is easily done (see Figure 1). The 90% and 10% threshold levels are automatically determined by the DDA-5005, using the amplitude (ampl) parameter. Threshold levels for rise or fall time can also be selected using absolute or relative settings (r@level, f@level).

  • Page 170: Determining Time Parameters

    Operator's Manual Determining Time Parameters Time parameter measurements such as width, period and delay are carried out with respect to the mesial reference level (see Figure 2), located halfway (50%) between the top and base reference lines. Time-parameter estimation depends on the number of cycles included within the observation window.

  • Page 171: Determining Differential Time Measurements

    Determining Differential Time Measurements The DDA-5005 enables accurate differential time measurements between two traces: for example, propagation, setup and hold delays (see Figure 3). Parameters such as Delta c2d± require the transition polarity of the clock and data signals to be specified.

  • Page 172: List Of Parameters

    Operator's Manual LIST OF PARAMETERS The following table describes the instrument parameters. Availability of some parameters depends on the options installed. See the comments in the "Notes" column of the table. Parameter Description Definition Notes Amplitude Measures the difference top base On signals not between upper and lower levels having two major...
  • Page 173 ringing do not affect returns same measurement. value as min. Standard parameter. Cycles Determines number of cycles of Number of cycles of periodic Standard a periodic waveform lying waveform parameter. between cursors. First cycle begins at first transition after the left cursor. Transition may be positive- or negative-going.
  • Page 174 Operator's Manual then touching the Cyclic checkbox. Standard parameter. cyclic Cyclic standard deviation: Where: v denotes Standard deviation of data measured sample Std dev values from mean value over values, and N = integral number of periods. number of data Contrary to sdev, calculation is points within the performed over an integral...
  • Page 175 Dtime@level t at level: Computes transition Time between transition Reference levels between selected levels or levels of two sources, or and edge- sources. from trigger to transition transition polarity level of a single source can be selected. Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data.
  • Page 176 Operator's Manual discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with JTA2 and XMAP options. Edge@level Number of edges in waveform. Reference levels and edge- transition polarity can be selected. Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with JTA2 and XMAP options.
  • Page 177 from 80% to 20%, averaged for levels (triangle or all falling transitions between saw-tooth waves, the cursors. for example), top and base can default to maximum and minimum, giving, however, less predictable results. Standard parameter. Fall@level Fall at level: Duration of pulse Duration of falling edge On signals not waveform's falling edges...
  • Page 178 Operator's Manual Frequency Frequency: Period of cyclic 1/period Standard signal measured as time parameter. between every other pair of 50% crossings. Starting with first transition after left cursor, the period is measured for each transition pair. Values then averaged and reciprocal used to give frequency.
  • Page 179 JTA2 and XMAP options. Hist ampl Difference in value between the Available with two most populated peaks in a DDM2, JTA2, and histogram. XMAP options. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Hist base Value of the left-most of the two Available with most populated histogram DDM2, JTA2, and peaks.
  • Page 180 Operator's Manual 5005A. Hist sdev Standard deviation of values in Available with a histogram. DDM2, JTA2, and XMAP options. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Hist top Value of the right-most of the Available with two most populated histogram DDM2, JTA2, and peaks.
  • Page 181 position is between two points, it gives the interpolated value. When the Nearest point checkbox is checked, it gives the vertical value of the nearest data point. Local base Value of the baseline for a local Hysteresis feature. argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data.
  • Page 182 Operator's Manual 5005A. Local number Number of local features Hysteresis (peak/trough pairs). argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with DDM2 option. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Local pkpk Vertical difference between the Hysteresis peak and trough of a local argument used to feature (lmax - lmin).
  • Page 183 Available with DDM2 option. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Local tmax Time of the maximum value of Hysteresis a local feature. argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with DDM2 option. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Local tmin Time of the minimum value of a Hysteresis local feature.
  • Page 184 Operator's Manual Local ttp Time between local feature Hysteresis trough and the next local peak. argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with DDM2 option. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Local tut Time a local feature spends Hysteresis under a user specified argument used to percentage of its peak-to-trough...
  • Page 185 acquisition. Computes horizontal axis location of rightmost non- zero bin of histogram -- not to be confused with maxp. Standard parameter. Max populate Peak with maximum population Available with in a histogram. DDM2, JTA2, and XMAP options. Standard in DDA- 5005A.
  • Page 186 Operator's Manual result may include contributions from more than one acquisition. Standard parameter. Mode Position of the highest Available with histogram peak. DDM2, JTA2, and XMAP options. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Nb phase Provides a measurement of the Available with phase at a specific frequency of DDM2 and XMAP a waveform (narrow band).
  • Page 187 for example), may not give predictable results. Standard parameter. Overshoot+ Overshoot positive: Amount of (max. - top)/ampl x 100 Waveform must overshoot following a rising contain at least edge specified as percentage one rising edge. of amplitude. On signals not having two major levels (triangle or saw-tooth waves,...
  • Page 188 Operator's Manual waveform. But with histograms, result may include contributions from more than one acquisition. Standard parameter. Percentile Horizontal data value that Available with divides a histogram so the DDM2, JTA2, and population to the left is xx% of XMAP options. the total.
  • Page 189 Phase Phase difference between Phase difference between Standard signal analyzed and signal signal and reference parameter. used as reference. You can set the output type to percent, degrees, or radians. After setting up the reference, touch the More tab for signal setups. Pop@X Population at bin for specified Available with...
  • Page 190 Operator's Manual a histogram. DDM2, JTA2, and XMAP options. Standard in DDA- 5005A. Resolution Ratio of taa for a high and low taa (HF)/mean taa (LF)*100 Hysteresis frequency waveform argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Standard parameter. Rise Rise time: Duration of rising Time at lower threshold...
  • Page 191 Standard parameter. Rise@level Rise at level: Duration of pulse Duration of rising edges On signals not waveform's rising edges between transition levels having two major between transition levels. levels (triangle or saw-tooth waves, for example), top and base can default to maximum and minimum, giving, however, less...
  • Page 192 Operator's Manual transition polarity can be selected. Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with JTA2 and XMAP options. Skew Time of clock1 edge minus time Reference levels of nearest clock2 edge. and edge- transition polarity can be selected.
  • Page 193 parameter. Average peak-to-trough Hysteresis amplitude for all local features. argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data. Available with DDM2 option. Standard in DDA- 5005A. TAA- Average local baseline-to- Hysteresis trough amplitude for all local argument used to features. discriminate levels from noise in data.
  • Page 194 Operator's Manual You can also use a mathematically derived Golden PLL to filter low frequency jitter. The cutoff frequency is user selectable. Time@level Time at level: Time from trigger Time from trigger to crossing Reference levels (t=0) to crossing at a specified level and edge- level.
  • Page 195 considered to consist of histograms. positive pulses and width the Standard time between adjacent rising parameter. and falling edges. Conversely, if falling edge, pulses are considered negative and width the time between adjacent falling and rising edges. For both cases, widths of all waveform pulses are averaged for the final result.

  • Page 196: Waveform Math

    Operator's Manual WAVEFORM MATH INTRODUCTION TO MATH TRACES AND FUNCTIONS With the instrument’s math tools you can perform mathematical functions on a waveform displayed on any channel, or recalled from any of the four reference memories M1 to M4. You can also set up traces F1 to Fx The number of math functions that can be performed at the same time depends on the software options loaded on your scope.

  • Page 197: Resampling To Deskew

    . The math function menu appears. Touch a menu selection; your new function is automatically assigned, with the same setups as were in place for the last function in that Fx position. If you want to change other setup items, like the source waveform, touch the appropriate Fx tab, for example .

  • Page 198: Rescaling And Assigning Units

    Operator's Manual Touch inside the Source1 field and select a source: channel, math trace, memory location. Touch inside the Operator1 field and select Deskew from the Functions category. In the dialog on the right, touch the Deskew tab. Touch inside the Delay by data entry field and type in a time value, using the pop-up keypad.
  • Page 199 Summed Averaging Summed Averaging is the repeated addition, with equal weight, of successive source waveform records. If a stable trigger is available, the resulting average has a random noise component lower than that of a single-shot record. Whenever the maximum number of sweeps is reached, the averaging process stops.

  • Page 200: To Set Up Continuous Averaging

    Operator's Manual sweep: new average = (new data + 4 * old average)/(4 + 1) = 1/5 new data + 4/5 old average sweep: new average = (new data + 4 * old average)/(4 + 1) = 1/5 new data + 4/5 old average sweep: new average = (new data + 4 * old average)/(4 + 1) = 1/5 new data + 4/5 old average...

  • Page 201: Enhanced Resolution

    ENHANCED RESOLUTION ERES (Enhanced Resolution) filtering increases vertical resolution, allowing you to distinguish closely spaced voltage levels. The functioning of the instrument's ERES is similar to smoothing the signal with a simple, moving-average filter. However, it is more efficient concerning bandwidth and pass-band filtering.
  • Page 202 Operator's Manual The opposite may be true if the noise is mostly at lower frequencies. SNR improvement due to the removal of coherent noise signals -- feed-through of clock signals, for example -- is determined by the fall of the dominant frequency components of the signal in the pass band. This is easily ascertained using spectral analysis.

  • Page 203: To Set Up Enhanced Resolution (Eres)

    To reduce noise: The example at left shows enhanced resolution of a noisy signal. The original trace (left top) has been processed by a 2-bit enhanced resolution filter. The result (left bottom) shows a "smooth" trace, where most of the noise has been eliminated. Note: Enhanced resolution can only improve the resolution of a trace;...

  • Page 204: Waveform Copy

    Operator's Manual WAVEFORM COPY The Copy math function makes a copy of your present waveform in its unprocessed state. While processing may continue on the original waveform, the copy enables faster throughput in some cases by preserving the original data. That is, no calculations need to be undone on the copy before additional math can be calculated.

  • Page 205: Interpolation

    Touch inside the Operator1 field and select Sparse from the Select Math Operator menu. Touch inside the Sparsing factor field and enter a value, using the pop-up keypad. Touch inside the Sparsing offset field and enter a value, using the pop-up keypad. INTERPOLATION Linear interpolation, which inserts a straight line between sample point, is best used to reconstruct straight-edged signals such as square waves.
  • Page 206 Operator's Manual Spectral analysis theory assumes that the signal for transformation is of infinite duration. Since no physical signal can meet this condition, a useful assumption for reconciling theory and practice is to view the signal as consisting of an infinite series of replicas of itself. These replicas are multiplied by a rectangular window (the display grid) that is zero outside of the observation grid.
  • Page 207 This variation in spectrum magnitude is the picket fence effect. The corresponding attenuation loss is referred to as scallop loss. LeCroy scopes automatically correct for the scallop effect, ensuring that the magnitude of the spectra lines correspond to their true values in the time domain.

  • Page 208: Improving Dynamic Range

    Operator's Manual attenuation (Flat Top and Blackman-Harris) provide maximum amplitude at the expense of frequency resolution. Whereas, Hamming and Von Hann are good for general purpose use with continuous waveforms. Window Type Applications and Limitations Rectangular These are normally used when the signal is transient (completely contained in the time-domain window) or known to have a fundamental frequency component that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency of the window.

  • Page 209: Record Length

    ERES low-pass filter and the noise shape (frequency distribution). LeCroy digital oscilloscopes employ FIR digital filters so that a constant phase shift is maintained. The phase information is therefore not distorted by the filtering action.
  • Page 210 Operator's Manual The first half of the spectrum (Re, Im), from 0 to the Nyquist frequency is kept for further processing and doubled in amplitude: = 2 x R _0 n < N/2 = 2 x I __0 n < N/2 The resultant waveform is computed for the spectrum type selected.

  • Page 211: Glossary

    then sums M 2 and counts the accumulated spectra. The total is normalized by the number of spectra and converted to the selected result type using the same formulas as are used for the Fourier Transform. GLOSSARY This section defines the terms frequently used in FFT spectrum analysis and relates them to the oscilloscope.
  • Page 212 Operator's Manual Frequency Bins The FFT algorithm takes a discrete source waveform, defined over N points, and computes N complex Fourier coefficients, which are interpreted as harmonic components of the input signal. For a real source waveform (imaginary part equals 0), there are only N/2 independent harmonic components.
  • Page 213 Number of Points The FFT is computed over the number of points (Transform Size) whose upper bounds are the source number of points, and by the maximum number of points selected in the menu. The FFT generates spectra of N/2 output points. Nyquist Frequency The Nyquist frequency is equal to one half of the effective sampling frequency (after the decimation): Delta f x N/2.

  • Page 214: Fft Setup

    Operator's Manual The table of Coefficients of Window Functions lists the coefficients a . The window functions seen in the time domain are symmetric around the point k = N/2. Coefficients of Window Functions Window Type Rectangular Hanning (Von –0.5 Hann) Hamming 0.54...
  • Page 215 Touch the Suppress DC checkbox if you want to make the DC bin go to zero. Otherwise, leave it unchecked. Touch inside the Output type field, and make a selection from the pop-up menu. Touch inside the Window field, select a window type. Touch inside the Algorithm field and select either Least Prime from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 216: Analysis

    Operator's Manual ANALYSIS PASS/FAIL TESTING OMPARING ARAMETERS Each Pass/Fail input (Qx) can compare a different parameter result to a user-defined limit (or statistical range) under a different condition. The conditions are represented by these comparison operators: At the touch of a button, test results can also be compared to these standard statistical limits: current mean mean + 1 SD mean + 3 SD...

  • Page 217: Mask Tests

    ESTS You have the choice to do mask testing by using an existing mask, or by using a mask created from your actual waveform, with vertical and horizontal tolerances that you define. Existing masks can be loaded from a floppy disk or from a network. You can set your mask test to be True for waveforms All In, All Out, Any In, or Any Out.

  • Page 218: Setting Up Pass/Fail Testing

    Operator's Manual The selection Pulse causes a pulse to be output through the Aux Out connector at the front of the scope. This pulse can be used to trigger another scope. You can set the amplitude and width of the pulse as described in Auxiliary Output Signals. Depending on your scope model, you can configure up to 8 pass/fail conditions.

  • Page 219: Comparing A Single Parameter

    Clear All button to quickly uncheck all checkboxes if you want to change your selections. Comparing a Single Parameter Touch Analysis in the menu bar, then Pass/Fail Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch a Qx tab; a setup dialog for that position will open. Touch inside the Source1 field and select a source from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 220: Comparing Dual Parameters

    Operator's Manual or WithinDeltaAbs from the Condition menu, you also have the choice of setting the limit by means of the statistical buttons at the bottom of the "ParamCompare" dialog: Comparing Dual Parameters Touch Analysis in the menu bar, then Pass/Fail Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch a Qx tab;...

  • Page 221: Mask Testing

    Touch inside the Limit field and enter a value, using the pop-up numeric keypad. This value takes the dimension of the parameter that you are testing. For example, if you are testing a time parameter, the unit is seconds. If you chose either WithinDeltaPct or WithinDeltaAbs from the Condition menu, touch inside the Delta field and enter a value.
  • Page 222 Operator's Manual If you are loading a pre-existing mask, touch the Load Mask tab, then the File button. You can then enter the file name or browse to its location. If you want to make a mask from your waveform, touch the Make Mask tab. Touch inside the Ver Delta and Hor Delta fields and enter boundary values, using the pop-up numeric keypad.

  • Page 223: Utilities

    UTILITIES STATUS The status read-only dialog displays system information including serial number, firmware version, and installed software and hardware options. To Access Status Dialog In the menu bar, touch Utilities. Touch the Status tab. REMOTE COMMUNICATION The Remote dialog is where you can select a network communication protocol, establish network connections, and configure the Remote Control Assistant log.

  • Page 224: To Configure The Remote Control Assistant Event Log

    Operator's Manual To Configure the Remote Control Assistant Event Log In the menu bar touch Utilities, then Utilities Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the Remote tab. Touch inside the Log Mode data entry field. Select Off, Errors Only, or Full Dialog from the pop-up menu. To export the contents of the event log to an ASCII text file, touch the Show Remote Control Log button: the "Event Logs"...

  • Page 225: E-Mail

    Choose File if you want to output the screen image to storage media such as floppy drive or hard drive. When outputting to floppy disk, be sure to use a preformatted disk. To Print to File In the menu bar touch Utilities, then Utilities Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the Hardcopy tab, then the File icon.

  • Page 226: Aux Output

    Operator's Manual AUX OUTPUT Refer to Auxiliary Output Signals. DATE & TIME The instrument gives you the choice of manually setting the time and date or getting it from the Internet. If you elect to get the time and date from the Internet, you need to have the scope connected to the Internet through the LAN connector on the rear panel.

  • Page 227: Options

    OPTIONS Use this dialog to add or remove software options. For information about software options, contact your local LeCroy Sales and Service office, or visit our Web site at http://www.lecroy.com/options. Options that you purchase, such as JTA2, add performance to you instrument. This added performance is seen in the new math functions or parameters that you can choose from when doing Measure or Math setups.

  • Page 228: Auto-Calibration

    Operator's Manual Auto-calibration You can choose to have your instrument automatically recalibrate itself whenever there is a significant change in ambient temperature. If you do not enable this option, the scope will only recalibrate at startup and whenever you make a change to certain operating conditions. In the menu bar touch Utilities;...

  • Page 229: E-Mail

    The choices are presented as a spectrum with highest values at the extremes: In the menu bar touch Utilities; then touch Preferences in the drop-down menu. Touch one of the optimization icons. E-mail Before you can send e-mail from the scope, it must first be configured. In the menu bar touch Utilities, then Preference Setup...

  • Page 230: Service

    In addition to these dialogs, summaries are also provided for XY setups, memory (M1-M4) setups, and time stamps for sequence mode sampling. SERVICE This button provides access to service dialogs, which are for the sole use of LeCroy service personnel. A security code is required to gain access. SHOW WINDOWS DESKTOP Touching the Show Windows Desktop button in the main "Utilities"...

  • Page 231: Customization

    CUSTOMIZATION CUSTOMIZING YOUR INSTRUMENT The instrument provides powerful capability to add your own parameters, functions, display algorithms, or other routines to the scope user interface without having to leave the instrument application environment. You can customize the instrument to your needs by using the power of programs such as Excel™, Mathcad™, and MATLAB™, or by scripting in VBS.

  • Page 232: Examples

    Operator's Manual Creating a new waveform without using any of the input data Creating a new parameter by manipulating the data of one or two input waveforms Changing a vertical scale or a horizontal scale from linear to non-linear You don’t have to use all the data from the input waveforms: you can select data from one or more segments, which need not be aligned in the two-input waveforms.
  • Page 233 Example 3 below doesn’t use the input data at all. The middle waveform (F2) is a "golden waveform", in this case a perfect sine (subject to 16-bit resolution), that was created using a VBScript. The lower trace (F3) is a subtraction of the acquired waveform (upper trace) and the golden waveform.
  • Page 234 (C3). By using a VBScript to create a clock waveform of the appropriate frequency (waveform F1), the customer was able to display and measure data-clock skew using a LeCroy instrument function and parameter. ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 235 Example 5 Next, a logarithmic vertical scale, for which the script can be found here. (Most scripts would be far simpler than this one.) Frequency response curves are frequently drawn on a logarithmic scale. The upper trace is a frequency spectrum of a square wave after enhanced resolution has been applied. It was created using instrument functions.
  • Page 236 Operator's Manual Example 6 ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 237: What Is Excel

    The examples above illustrate only the capability to use VBScript and MATLAB. The instrument with the LeCroy XMAP software option allows you to use Excel, Mathcad, MATLAB, and VBScript in this manner. Of course, you will need to load Excel, Mathcad, or MATLAB in the scope (VBScript does not require any additional software) to take advantage of the capability.
  • Page 238 Operator's Manual The following diagrams were made by changing a small part, in some cases just one line, of a standard VBScript. VBS is a well-known standard language, with excellent support documentation, and it is easy to use in several different environments. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 239: What Can You Do With A Customized Instrument

    These examples are purely illustrative, but you can easily imagine that with a VBScript you can add value to the scope in a very short time. This gives you an instrument that does exactly what you want, time after time, by using your stored setups and scripts. What can you do with a customized instrument? If you require a result that can be derived logically from the input waveform, you can do it.

  • Page 240: Calling Excel From Your Instrument

    Operator's Manual correct for that, too. You can also transform horizontal scales and vertical scales by manipulating the data. Logarithmic scales in amplitude and frequency are often required. Squaring and taking square roots are needed in certain applications. Here is a picture showing some graphs related to white noise, showing ways of detecting small deviations from the true distribution.

  • Page 241: How To Select A Math Function Call

    Therefore, make sure that your acquisition has less than this number of points if you are going to use an Excel calculation. To use this capability, you must have the LeCroy XMAP software option and Excel loaded in your instrument. Select Minimize from the instrument's File menu to access the Excel program directly.
  • Page 242 Operator's Manual Create Demo Sheet Calls up a default Excel spreadsheet. Add Chart Adds charts of your waveforms to Excel. You can go into Excel and create as many charts as you want. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 243: Organizing Excel Sheets

    Organizing Excel sheets The Cells tab allows you to organize your Excel chart. When placing the components in the sheet, be careful to avoid over-writing needed information, especially when you are using multiple input waveforms. As depicted here, the instrument panel has been pasted over the Excel sheet. There are three arrays of data for the three waveforms: up to two inputs and one output.

  • Page 244: Setting The Vertical Scale

    Operator's Manual Setting the Vertical Scale The vertical scale of the output waveform from Excel may be set in three ways: Automatic For each acquisition, the instrument fits the waveform into the grid. Manual For one acquisition, click Find Scale; the instrument fits the current waveform into the grid.

  • Page 245: Multiple Inputs And Outputs

    Multiple Inputs and Outputs If you invoke two or more instrument parameter functions or waveform functions that call Excel, you will find that they all refer to the same spreadsheet by default. Thus, your spreadsheet can use the data from several waveforms, and you can derive many different combinations of output parameters and waveforms, including some of each, from your spreadsheet.
  • Page 246 Operator's Manual The dialog is the one that controls the location of the data in the Excel worksheet. The input data are in columns A and B (though, only the first is used) and the output is in column C. All have been set to start at row 2, allowing space for a title in row 1. Columns D, E and F contain the headers for the three waveforms.
  • Page 247 In this figure, the panel has been pasted onto the Excel sheet for comparison: WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 248 Operator's Manual To get the output values in column C, we set C2 = - A2 and copy this formula down the column. This is the only action needed in Excel, and can be seen in the next figure: ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 249: Simple Excel Example 2

    Simple Excel Example 2 In this example we use Excel to invert or negate a waveform. The first figure shows a part of the instrument screen. The upper trace (C1) is the original signal. The lower trace (F1) is the result calculated in Excel and displayed on the screen.
  • Page 250 Operator's Manual Choose File, Minimize from the menu bar to minimize the instrument display and open the Excel program. Create your formula for each data point in column A (in this case, our formula for cell C2 is –A2, copied for the entire column), as shown here: ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...
  • Page 251 Retrigger the scope (if it is not currently triggering) Return to the program Note that the only action that was needed in Excel was to create the formula in column C for each data point in column A. The instrument automatically opens Excel, puts the waveform data in the correct columns, and returns the calculated data back to the display as the chosen F trace.

  • Page 252: Examples Of Excel Parameter Functions

    Operator's Manual Examples of Excel Parameter Functions Excel Example 1: Exponential decay constant of a pulse Excel Example 2: Parameter gated by a waveform ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 253: Examples Of Excel Waveform Functions

    Examples of Excel Waveform Functions Excel Example 3: Auto-correlation and cross-correlation Excel Example 4: Multiple traces (not returning a waveform to instrument) Excel Example 5: Using a Surface Plot Exponential Decay Time Constant Excel Parameter (Excel Example 1) This example calculates the time constant of an exponentially falling pulse, such as the light output of a phosphor.
  • Page 254 Operator's Manual Here we see the input data in column B (with a time scale in A) created using the contents of cell F9, Horizontal Per Step. The logarithmic data are in column D, with the time scale repeated in C. The output appears in cell H3, using the formula =1/SLOPE(D21:D51,C21:C51).

  • Page 255: Gated Parameter Using Excel (Excel Example 2)

    Gated Parameter Using Excel (Excel Example 2) This example calculates a parameter of a waveform, in a region of interest defined by the leading edges of two pulses in a separate waveform. This figure shows the instrument screen: The traces were made using VBS scripts in functions F1 and F2, based on pseudo-random numbers to provide noise and varying pulse widths.

  • Page 256: How Does This Work

    Operator's Manual The next figure shows a part of the Excel workbook. Here we see the gated waveform that has been created in Excel. The Mean parameter during the region of interest (ROI) is placed in cell H3. How Does this Work? The amplitude of the signal is about 0.3 volts, and the screen height is 0.4 volts, as derived from cells F7 and Fx.

  • Page 257: Correlation Excel Waveform Function (Excel Example 3)

    Required files: Setup: GatedParameterExcel.lss Function F1: RandomPulses22Apr.txt Function F2: RandomGate22Apr.txt Parameter P1: GatedMean.xls Correlation Excel Waveform Function (Excel Example 3) This example uses an Excel waveform function to examine the cross-correlation between two signals, which are both noisy sinusoidal segments. The correlation trace is, of necessity, shorter than the input traces.
  • Page 258 Operator's Manual This example used the CORREL (Array1, Array2) function of Excel, as depicted below: Required files: Setup: CorrelateExcel22Apr.lss Function F1: NoisySine22Apr.txt Function F2: NoisySine22Apr.txt Function F3: Correlate22Apr.xls ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 259: Multiple Traces On One Grid (Excel Example 4)

    Multiple Traces on One Grid (Excel Example 4) This example shows how you can place multiple traces in one picture, with only two operations in an Excel sheet. Depicted below is an example from an Excel spreadsheet. Here is an original instrument trace. The method is very simple.
  • Page 260 Operator's Manual Depicted below is the required Excel formula. In fact, the simple expression B374 + 0.02 comprises several components. The original instrument trace is in column B, and the plot is required to start at cell B134. The traces repeat at intervals of 250 cells.
  • Page 261 WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 262: Using A Surface Plot (Excel Example 5)

    Operator's Manual Required files: F1 is needed only as a simulator of signals. Instrument setup: LaserStartup25Apr.lss Function F1: LaserStartupApr25.txt Function F2: LaserStartupPulses.xls No offset LaserStartupPulses2.xls Vertical offset LaserStartupPulses3.xls Vertical and horizontal offset Using a Surface Plot (Excel Example 5) ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...
  • Page 263 Required files: Setup: LaserSurface1May.lss Function F1 Generator: LaserSurface2May.txt Function F2 Excel: LaserSurface2May.xls WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 264: Writing Vb Scripts

    Operator's Manual WRITING VB SCRIPTS VBScripting is one of the custom features of your instrument. Others include the ability to work with programs such as Excel, Mathcad and MATLAB. Types of Scripts in VBS The instrument's VBS provides two types of script. allows you to take the data from one or two The Waveform Function script traces and make a new trace whose values may depend on the values of...
  • Page 265 endData = OutResult.Samples LastPoint = endData - 1 ' because the last point is invisible. ReDim newArray(OutResult.Samples) ' to store the results unscaledData = InResult.DataArray(False) ' InResult.DataArray(False) provides ' integer data from -32768 to 32767. ' InResult.DataArray(True) provides real data ' in the same physical unit as the vertical scale of the input trace.
  • Page 266 Operator's Manual ' in the same unit as the vertical scale of the trace. Total = 0 For i = 0 To LastPoint Total = Total + (unscaledData(i)) ^ 2 Next NewArray(0) = Sqr (Total / (LastPoint + 1)) Place the result in the zeroth element.
  • Page 267 the vertical scale, such as volts. You get these by putting "True" instead of "False". If you want to make a section of the output trace invisible, you simply set the data values to full scale or bigger, top or bottom. You can start with the unscaled data (False) as input, and then set the output data to scaled data (True), and you can go from scaled to unscaled.

  • Page 268: The Default Parameter Function Script: Explanatory Notes

    Operator's Manual ' TODO add your custom code here accessing OutResult and InResult objects ' Here's a small example that just inverts the waveform. OutResult.Samples = InResult.Samples startData = 0 endData = OutResult.Samples newNumPoints = endData - startData ReDim newDataArray (OutResult.Samples) unscaledData = InResult.DataArray (False) For i = 0 To endData - 1 newDataArray (i) = - unscaledData (i)

  • Page 269: Scripting With Vbscript

    numParam = InResult.Samples ReDim newValueArray(numParam) scaledData = InResult.DataArray For i = 0 To numParam-1 newValueArray(i) = -scaledData(i)_' Change this to do something useful. Next OutResult.ValueArray = newValueArray 'only support raw data Your parameter script should include something like this: A. Do calculation to obtain your parameter value from the input data array. B.

  • Page 270: Variable Types

    Operator's Manual Variable Types VBS supports the following variable types: Integer signed 16 bit value in the range -32768 to 32767 Long signed 32 bit value in the range -2 to +2 Single real number or floating point number Double real number or floating point number Boolean Boolean or logical value...
  • Page 271 MaxRMS = FullScale / RootTwo ..If RMS < MaxRMS Then ..But to keep your scripts fast, leave definitions like this outside your loops. General usage Note that white space has no effect, so you can introduce spaces for clarity, except of course within variable names, function names and other keywords.

  • Page 272: Arithmetic Operators

    Operator's Manual Arithmetic Operators As with most other languages, the arithmetic operators are used as follows: Exponentiation A ^ B = A = A raised to the power B Division A / B = A divided by B Integer division A \ B = A divided by B, truncated to next integer below Multiplication...
  • Page 273 At this point, the quantity represented by A has not been changed. Only at the end of the calculation is the final value placed in the memory location labeled A. Note that you can write more than one statement on a line, separated by colons, like this A = B * Cos (34 * Theta) * Sin (55 * Theta) : B = A * A + Z * Z Order of Calculations Operations are performed in the following order:...

  • Page 274: Vbs Controls

    Operator's Manual These results are from file Brackets.Xls. You can make a copy of that file in order to experiment with different combinations of brackets. VBS Controls ... . Loop Loop Until .
  • Page 275 If A + B < C + D Then E = F : G = H_ 'No End Is needed if all on one line. If you need to perform a longer procedure, make this construction: If A >= 0 Then B = Sqr (A) C = 32766 * Sin ( TwoPi * B / PeriodOfSinusoid) End If...

  • Page 276: Summary Of If

    Operator's Manual Else_ If A > 3 Then Z = 63 Else Z = 127 End If End If If A > 0 Then If B > 0 Then Z = Y End If End If This is equivalent to: If ( (A >...

  • Page 277: Select Case

    If A > 6 Then VBScripting3 If A > 4 Then VBScripting4 If A > 3 Then VBScripting5 If A > 1 Then VBScripting6 Be very careful when testing for equality. There will be no trouble with Integers, Long Integers, and Strings, but Real numbers are different.

  • Page 278: Summary Of Select Case

    Operator's Manual This is very much neater than a string of Ifs and Elses, but remember: you cannot use Select Case unless you are sure of exact equality, which allows you to compare integers and strings only. You cannot put Case > 5, for example. File for this example: SelectCase.Xls Summary of Select Case .

  • Page 279: While

    To make a pause of 10 seconds you can write: NewTime = Timer + 10.0 Do Loop Until Timer >= NewTime where Timer is a clock function in the PC, which has a resolution of one second. Example file for these constructions: DoLoops.Xls While .

  • Page 280: Vbs Keywords And Functions

    Operator's Manual For K = 3 To 82 Step 4 AnyVBScripting Next K You may place loops inside one another (nested loops), but they must all use different control variables. Example: For K = 0 To N VBScriptingK For L = - 7 To 17 VBScriptingL For M = S To T VBScriptingM...
  • Page 281 Make the cosine of an angle expressed in radians. Csng Convert a number to single precision floating point. Cstr Convert a variable to a string. Raise e to the power of the input. Get a value from a file. Input Get some ASCII data from a file.

  • Page 282: Other Vbs Words

    Operator's Manual Get the ASCII value of a string beginning with numerical characters. Other VBS Words Define a constant value. Const Dimension a variable. Redim Dimension a variable again. Boolean Boolean variable Double Double precision real variable. Integer Integer in the range -32768 to + 32767 Long Long integer in the range -2 to + 2...

  • Page 283: Hints And Tips For Vbscripting

    that is never greater than plus one or less than minus one. CSng CSng (A) calculates a single precision real variable equal to A. Exp (A) calculates the value of e Cint (A) calculates the integer value next below A, which can be any acceptable VBS number.
  • Page 284 Operator's Manual Do not put the final statement in a loop, hoping that you can see a progressive result as some parameter changes. No output will be seen on the screen of the instrument until the script has been completely run and quitted, so only the final result will appear. If the loop runs many times, you will think that the scope has hung up.

  • Page 285: Errors

    to show several versions of a function at the same time, without having to set up a separate script for each one. If your program structure is complicated, consider typing all the IFs, ELSEIFs, ENDIFs, FORs, NEXTs, etc and then clicking Apply. You wont get any output, but the system will tell you if the structure is acceptable.
  • Page 286 Operator's Manual ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 287: Error Handling

    Error Handling Note that the construction OnError GoTo Label: is not allowed in VBS. In fact no GoTos or labels are allowed. Therefore there is no way for you to provide handlers to deal with errors and exceptions. You must be aware of all possibilities at all points in your program, and you must either be certain that errors will not occur, or you must take action to ensure that they do not.

  • Page 288: Scripting Ideas

    Operator's Manual Y = Cos (X (K) ) * Sin (X (K) ) * Sqr (X (K) ) End If Next To do the same thing we could also write this, using the index only once: OldXK = X (0) For K = 1 To Total XK = X (K) If XK >...

  • Page 289: Example Parameter Scripts

    Example Parameter Scripts Decay Parameter Calculating the rate of decay of a damped sine. Locating Pulses Finding pulses in a pulse train. Debugging Scripts Until we have integrated a more comprehensive debugger for VBScript there is a workaround. 1. Download the Windows Scripting Debugger for Windows 2000 from here: http://download.microsoft.com/download/winscript56/Install/1.0a/NT45XP/EN- US/scd10en.exe 2.

  • Page 290: Vertical Control Variables

    Operator's Manual Vertical Control Variables InResult.VerticalOffset Double precision Vertical shift of input waveform on grid OutResult.VerticalOffset Double precision Vertical shift of output waveform on grid InResult.VerticalPerStep Double precision Difference between successive possible levels in the input waveform memory OutResultVerticalPerStep Double precision Difference between successive possible levels in the output waveform memory 1 / 65536 of vertical full scale...
  • Page 291 [out, retval] VARIANT *pArray); DataArray([in, defaultvalue(TRUE)] BOOL arrayValuesScaled, [in, defaultvalue(LEC_ALL_DATA)] int numSamples, [in, defaultvalue(0)] int startIndex, [in, defaultvalue(1)] int sparsingFactor, [in] VARIANT array); HorizontalUnits([out, retval] BSTR *pVal); HorizontalUnits([in] BSTR newVal); Samples([out, retval] int *pVal); Samples([in] int newVal); HorizontalResolution([out, retval] double *pVal); HorizontalResolution([in] double newVal); HorizontalPerStep([out, retval] double *pVal);...

  • Page 292: Communicating With Excel From A Vbscript

    Operator's Manual Communicating with Excel from a VBScript Although there are direct instrument calls to Excel and other programs, you may wish to do this from a VBScript. Here is an example: OutResult.Samples = InResult.Samples startData = 0 endData = OutResult.Samples ReDim newData(OutResult.Samples) USD = InResult.DataArray(False) LastPoint = endData - 1...

  • Page 293: Calling Matlab From The Instrument

    CALLING MATLAB FROM THE INSTRUMENT Calling MATLAB Note: Load MATLAB version 6.5 just as you would on any PC. Once it is loaded, open MATLAB from the desktop, then close it again, before you attempt to open it from the instrument application.

  • Page 294: How To Select A Waveform Function Call

    Operator's Manual How to Select a Waveform Function Call The MATLAB Waveform functions are selected from the Select Math Operator menu. Please note that once you have clicked on "MATLAB Wave" there will be a slight pause before MATLAB starts. Source 1 and Source 2 are the waveforms that MATLAB will use.

  • Page 295: The Matlab Waveform Control Panel

    The MATLAB Waveform Control Panel Once you have invoked a MATLAB waveform call, you will see the zoom dialog at the right of the screen. Touch the MATLAB tab to see a panel like this: Touch Find Scale to make your output fit the grid, or use the text boxes to choose a scale. MATLAB Waveform Function Editor -- Example By touching Edit Code, you can reach the MATLAB Editor where you will see the default waveform function.
  • Page 296 Operator's Manual This is the default waveform function, with one important change – the semi-colon (;) has been removed from the end of the line. If the semicolon is present, your function will run much faster, because the output values will not be shown in MATLAB Response. With a long waveform, the time needed to display it could be quite long.
  • Page 297 You can write statements such as these: WformOut(5) = WformIn(5) WformOut(89) = WformIn(144) WformOut(34:55) = WformIn(34:55) WformOut(233:377) = WformIn(100:244) WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 298 Operator's Manual This very simple example adds a rescaled copy of Channel 2 to a copy of Channel 1, and then rescales the result. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 299: Matlab Example Waveform Plot

    MATLAB Example Waveform Plot If you touch the MATLAB Plot checkbox you will see a MATLAB plot like this one. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 300: How To Select A Matlab Parameter Call

    Operator's Manual How to Select a MATLAB Parameter Call Menu position for MATLAB parameter call in Select Measurement menu. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 301: The Matlab Parameter Control Panel

    The MATLAB Parameter Control Panel Once you have invoked a MATLAB parameter call, a mini-dialog to the right of the main dialog will appear: You can touch the MATLAB Plot checkbox if you want to see a plot in MATLAB as well as getting a result in the instrument.

  • Page 302: The Matlab Parameter Editor

    Operator's Manual The MATLAB Parameter Editor By touching Edit Code, you can reach the MATLAB Editor: This simple example shows the MATLAB function Standard Deviation acting on input channel 1, and the result would be shown in the MATLAB Response pane for an amplitude of 0.15 volt. You can load an existing MATLAB program, using the Load Code button, and you can save the current program, using the Save Code button.

  • Page 303: Matlab Example Parameter Panel

    MATLAB Example Parameter Panel The next example calculates the ratio of the number of data points that are above a given level to the number of points below the level, in this case one half of the amplitude. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 304 Operator's Manual ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 305: Further Examples Of Matlab Waveform Functions

    Further Examples of MATLAB Waveform Functions Negate the input signal. Square the input signal. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 306 Operator's Manual Create pulses from a sinusoid. Create pulses at the zero crossings of the signal. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...
  • Page 307 Convolve two signals. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 308: Creating Your Own Matlab Function

    Operator's Manual Creating your own MATLAB function The procedure is simple. Create a MATLAB function using any text editor, and save it as a MATLAB m-file by giving it a name of the form Filename.m. Call the function using the MATLAB math editor or the MATLAB parameter editor as appropriate.

  • Page 309: Customdso

    CUSTOMDSO CUSTOM DSO Introduction – What is CustomDSO? CustomDSO, in its Basic mode, allows you to create DSO setups that can be called by the touch of a single button. The recalled setups can themselves include calls to other setups. A very simple example would be a toggle between two setups.

  • Page 310: Customdso Basic Mode

    Operator's Manual If CustomDSO is already in Basic mode, the following dialog will be displayed: CustomDSO Basic Mode The Basic CustomDSO mode offers eight Action buttons, each of which can call a different setup when touched. The "Action Definition" dialog is used to enter a CustomDSO setup file name by means of the pop-up keyboard.
  • Page 311 In the example used here, three setup files were made, called CustomA.lss, CustomB.lss and CustomC.lss. Fragments from all three are shown below. 1160 Set CustomDSO = XStreamDSO.CustomDSO 1161 ‘ CustomDSO Setup A.lss 1162 CustomDSO.ActionScript1 = “c:\LeCroy\XStream\CustomDSO\A.lss” 1163 CustomDSO.ActionEnable1 = False 1164 CustomDSO.ActionScript1 = “c:\LeCroy\XStream\CustomDSO\B.lss” 1165 CustomDSO.ActionEnable1 = True 1166 CustomDSO.ActionScript1 =...

  • Page 312: Creating A Customdso Setup File

    If you then touch Yes, the DSO will display a file like this: ' XStreamDSO ConfigurationVBScript ... ' Created by CustomDSO ... On Error Resume Next set dso = CreateObject("LeCroy.XStreamDSO.1") ' dso.Display.GridMode = "Dual" ' dso.Acquisition.C1.VerScale = 0.1 ' dso.Acquisition.Horizontal.HorScale = 1e-6 ' dso.Acquisition.TriggerMode = "Auto"...
  • Page 313 Create code for the buttons. A. Double click on the Single button. B. In the resulting code window, insert code to make the following subroutine: Private Sub SingleButton_Click() Dim app as Object Set app = CreateObject(“LeCroy.XStreamApplication”) app.Acquistion.TriggerMode = “Stopped” End Sub Double click on the Auto button.

  • Page 314: Properties Of The Control And Its Objects

    Operator's Manual Project1.ocx from the File menu. Install the PlugIn in the instrument. A. Start the instrument. B. Select ActiveDSO in the Analysis Menu. C. Select PlugIns mode. D. Type “Project1.UserControl1” in the “COM ProgID of Plug-In” text box. E. Click the Install button under the text box. Now Click the new Auto and Single buttons to see their effects.
  • Page 315 In the next example you can see a command button, a picture box, a list box and a Tabbed Dialog Control. The Tabbed Control (arrow) is not in the basic tool box. To gain access to it, right click in the tool box at left (but not on an icon.) You will see this menu: WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 316 Operator's Manual Now select the Microsoft Tabbed Control as shown below, and click on Apply. The control will be added into the toolbox at the left of the screen, where you can double click on it as usual. The new control is shown below (arrow). ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...
  • Page 317 The system is very versatile, and you can place controls on the tabs of the Tabbed Control. Look in the properties window to see how you can customize your tabs, as illustrated below. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 318: Removing A Plugin

    Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim wm As Object Set wm = CreateObject("LeCroy.XStreamApplication") Set acq = wm.Acquisition ' To save typing Set mat = wm.Math ' To save typing...
  • Page 319 ‘ Create an array of objects to allow looping. Set t(1) = acq.C1 : Set t(2) = acq.C2 Set t(3) = acq.C3 : Set t(4) = acq.C4 Set t(5) = mat.F1 : Set t(6) = mat.F2 Set t(7) = mat.F3 : Set t(8) = mat.F4 Set t(9) = mat.F5 : Set t(10) = mat.F6 Set t(11) = mat.F7 : Set t(12) = mat.F8 Dim trace As Integer...
  • Page 320 Operator's Manual Here is the result after seven swaps. The counting method could be useful in any routine where numerous operations, such as triggers, have to be performed. In fact, the caption of the button could have been used to show the number of operations. ActiveX offers a large range of standard controls, including list boxes for selection from a list, and picture boxes for drawing graphs and charts.

  • Page 321: Second Example Plugin - Log-Log Fft Plot

    Second Example PlugIn – Log-Log FFT Plot A frequent requirement is to plot a frequency spectrum on two logarithmic scales. The instrument provides a vertical scale, so CustomDSO has only to change the horizontal one. Here is an example. The first figure has been truncated on the right side. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 322 Operator's Manual These examples were made with two different instrument setups: in the second, the FFT was zoomed vertically. The graph has a red line to represent the theoretical envelope for the peaks. This has great potential for testing the transmission characteristics of amplifiers and filters, since the output can be compared with a theoretical curve.
  • Page 323 Private Sub Command1_Click() Draw a DSO trace on a logarithmic horizontal scale. Dim WM As Object Set WM = CreateObject("LeCroy.XStreamApplication") Dim Samples As Long Samples = WM.Math.F1.Out.Result.Samples Samples = Samples - 1 ' Make it a round number.

  • Page 324: Control Variables In Customdso

    End Sub Here is an example showing a simple one-pole roll-off compared to a curve. Control Variables in CustomDSO The simplest way to select variables for use in CustomDSO is to use LeCroy’s X-Stream Browser. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 325: Jta2 Option

    JTA2's math and parameter selections will appear in the Math and Measure menus. TIMING FUNCTIONS JitterTrack, PersistenceHistogram and PersistenceTrace are timing functions in LeCroy’s JitterPro and JTA jitter and timing analysis packages. The JitterTrack feature is key to identifying the source of excessive jitter or non-normal jitter characteristics.

  • Page 326: Timing Parameters

    Operator's Manual TIMING PARAMETERS Timing parameters can also be used to measure cycle-to-cycle jitter, the width of positive and negative pulses, the duty cycle of either polarity, and an infinite number of cycles on long records. Pulses or cycles can be counted using one of these parameters. As interpolation filtering is applied to signal edges in the vicinity of measurement points, timing parameters operate on acquired waveform levels that may be selected in either volts or percentage of signal amplitude.
  • Page 327 How JitterTrack’s Interval Error works when “Clock” Mode is selected WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...
  • Page 328 Operator's Manual When “Data” Mode is selected. Set the desired reference clock frequency for an ideal position against which the signal is to be compared, or use “Find Frequency.” Specify the level at which the jitter measurement is to be made, as well as the rising or falling edge on which the measurement is to start.

  • Page 329: When To Use Jittertrack

    WHEN TO USE JITTERTRACK The JitterTrack Function charts the evolution in time of these waveform attributes: Cycle-to-Cycle deviation Duty Cycle Interval Error Period Pulse Width Frequency Each is time-correlated to its source trace and contains the same number of points as the waveform.
  • Page 330 Operator's Manual When you need to Use… monitor the evolution of a waveform parameter Trend — Jitter works only on one acquisition at or attribute over several acquisitions... a time time-correlate an event and a parameter value... JitterTrack monitor an evolution in the frequency domain... JitterTrack — Trend points are not evenly spaced in time and therefore cannot be used for FFT (Fast Fourier Transform).

  • Page 331: Clock Or Data

    CLOCK OR DATA? For most waveform attributes, JitterTrack offers the choice of Clock or Data modes for measuring clock signals or data streams. "Data" should be used (where available) when the pulse widths, intervals, periods or other significant instants being measured are randomly distributed and contain multiples of the clock period.
  • Page 332 Operator's Manual Modes CLOCK DATA Jitter Range << 3 Resolution coarse fine Comparing a Random Data Stream Analyzed Using Clock and Data Modes. ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 333: Setting Up Jitter Measurements

    SETTING UP JITTER MEASUREMENTS Jitter Math Setup 1. Touch Math in the menu bar, then Math Setup... in the drop-down menu. 2. In the "Math" dialog, touch an unused Fx button to simply make a selection from the Select Math Operator menu. Or, touch an Fx tab for more setup options.

  • Page 334: Setting Up Persistence Histograms

    Operator's Manual In contrast to this, the histogram as statistical tool simply graphs waveform parameters such as amplitude, frequency, or pulse width on an acquisition or series of acquisitions. Both Histogram and Persistence Histogram bar charts are divided into intervals, or bins. While each bin in the histogram bar chart contains a class of similar parameter values, the Persistence Histogram analyzes both vertical and horizontal "slices"...

  • Page 335: Setting Up The Histogram

    Setting Up the Histogram The mini-dialog contains setup fields for your histogram. Selecting the Cut Touch inside the Cut Direction field and select either Vertical or Horizontal. If you choose to cut a vertical slice, the units of the center and width of the slice are given in nanoseconds.

  • Page 336: How To Trace Persistence

    Operator's Manual HOW TO TRACE PERSISTENCE A persistence waveform created by turning on persistence is show here. rom this waveform, you can create three types of shapes on which waveform processing can be performed. From left to right are shown Average, Range, and Sigma An Innovative Visual and Processing Tool With this timing function, not only can waveform noise and jitter be displayed but further processing can also be done.

  • Page 337: To Set Up Trace Persistence

    Displaying data acquired from multiple sweeps of the waveform, Persistence Trace computes a vector trace based on the bit map of the underlying signal acquisitions. Detail is then shown in a choice of three shapes: average, range, and sigma. These are created without destroying the underlying data, allowing the display of analytical results from raw data.
  • Page 338 Operator's Manual Function Options How It Works Ptrace Mean Clear Sweeps For each vertical time slice on the persistence map, Ptrace Mean calculates and plots a trace corresponding to the map’s mean value. Single-shot signals sampled at or above 2 GS/s and accumulated in the persistence map can be traced at a resolution of 10 ps (100 GS/s equivalent sampling).

  • Page 339: Choosing A Timing Parameter

    CHOOSING A TIMING PARAMETER This table lists the Jitter and Timing Analysis (JTA) parameters and the tasks that they can perform. Additional analysis and processing of the waveform can be carried out by activating Statistics and using histogram parameters. For some parameters, one of the variants of JitterTrack can perform the same task.

  • Page 340: To Set Up And Configure Trend

    Operator's Manual Apply a timing parameter: period at level (p@lv), for example. Plot the trend of the parameter. To Set Up and Configure Trend Parameter Setup Before a Trend can be plotted, the timing parameter must be selected, as follows: Touch Measure in the menu bar, then Measure Setup...
  • Page 341 In the "Measure" dialog, touch the My Measure button Touch an unused "Px" button: . The Select Measurement menu opens. Touch the Jitter button on the Select Measurement menu and select a Jitter parameter. The setup dialogs for the Px position open. Touch the Measure On Waveforms button if you want to make a direct measurement on the source waveform.
  • Page 342 Operator's Manual A second setup dialog opens to the right of the main with more setup options. The options offered depend on the parameter you chose, but all include Level is, Percent Level, Slope, and Hysteresis. A Find Level button is also provided in this mini-dialog. Option Field Settings Level Is...

  • Page 343: Math Setup

    Math Setup Now that the parameter setups are done, you have to set up the Trend math function. Touch Math in the menu bar, then Math Setup... in the drop-down menu. In the "Math" dialog, touch the Fx tab for the math trace you chose to display the trend.

  • Page 344: Parameter Buffer

    Operator's Manual However, in segment mode an acquisition for each segment occurs prior to parameter calculations. If the source of the Histogram or Trend data is a memory, storing new data to memory effectively acts as a trigger and acquisition. Because updating the screen can take significant processing time, it occurs only once a second, minimizing trigger dead-time.

  • Page 345: Zoom Traces And Segmented Waveforms

    Parameter Number of Events Captured Timing Parameters: p@lv, freq@lv, wid@lv, Unlimited number of events per acquisition p@lv, edge@lv, duty@lv, tie@lv, skew@lv, setup@lv, hold@lv data All data values in the region analyzed duty, freq, period, width Up to 49 events per acquisition ampl, area, base, cmean, cmedian, crms, One event per acquisition csdev, cycles,...

  • Page 346: Binning And Measurement Accuracy

    Operator's Manual Determining such peaks is very useful because they indicate dominant values of a signal. However, signal noise and the use of a high number of bins relative to the number of parameter values acquired can give a jagged and spiky histogram, making meaningful peaks hard to distinguish.
  • Page 347 The instrument’s parameter buffer is very effective for determining the optimal number of bins to be used. An optimal bin number is one where the change in parameter values is insignificant, and the histogram distribution does not have a jagged appearance. With this buffer, a histogram can be dynamically redisplayed as the number of bins is modified by the user.
  • Page 348 Operator's Manual ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 349: Dfp2 Option

    With Digital Filter Package 2 (DFP2), LeCroy provides a solution that combines the best of both worlds. This package includes seven of the most useful finite impulse response filters (FIR), in addition to a custom design feature.

  • Page 350: Enhanced Solutions

    60 Hz component. Enhanced Solutions DFP2 can be coupled with other LeCroy software products such as JTA2 or DDM2 to enhance the capabilities of these products and to provide improved solutions. For Jitter Measurement, for example, the DFP2 Band-pass Filter can be coupled with the JTA2 package to measure jitter over a narrow frequency range.

  • Page 351: Kinds Of Filters

    KINDS OF FILTERS Low-pass Filter Low-pass filters are useful for eliminating accumulated high-frequency noise and interference, and for canceling high-frequency background noise. Sample applications are in datacom, telecommunications, and disk drive and optical recording analysis for accurate RF signal detection. Band 1: Pass Band —...
  • Page 352 Operator's Manual Band-pass Filter Band-pass filters are useful for emphasizing a selected frequency band. Sample applications include radio channel identification, broadband transmission, ADSL, clock generators (i.e., eliminating the central frequency and displaying harmonics only), and telecommunications (Jitter measurement over a selected frequency range).

  • Page 353: Communications Channel Filters

    Communications Channel Filters These filters belong to the low-pass filter category (with Raised Cosine (a low-pass filter) a variety of shapes). Raised cosine is one of a class of filters used to minimize intersymbol interference: the time domain impulse response crosses zero at all bit time intervals except the one with the impulse.
  • Page 354 Operator's Manual Raised Root Cosine (a low-pass filter) Band 1: Pass Band — DC to corner frequency minus half width; signal passes unattenuated. Band 2: Transition Region — corner minus half width to corner plus half width; attenuation increases with frequency with a rolloff shape of 0.5[cos(a) + 0.5]½, where a ranges from 0 to p over the transition region.

  • Page 355: Iir Filters

    IIR Filters Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters are digital filters that emulate analog filters. The four types offered by the DFP2 option are as follows: Butterworth Chebyshev Inverse Chebyshev Bessel The Butterworth or "maximally flat" filter has the flattest amplitude response of all the available filters.

  • Page 356: Filter Setup

    Operator's Manual In the setup of these filters, you have control of cutoff frequencies, transition region width, and stop band attenuation. FILTER SETUP To Set Up a DFP Filter Touch Math in the menu bar then Math Setup... in the drop-down menu. Touch the Fx tab (F1 for example) for the math trace you want to display your filtered waveform.

  • Page 357: Multirate Filters

    Although the LeCroy DFP option provides many filter types, the correlation between edge frequencies and sample rate may be a limiting factor: edge frequencies are limited from 1% to 49.5% of the sample rate, while the minimum transition width region is 1% of the sample rate.

  • Page 358: Custom Filters

    Operator's Manual 1. A noisy sine wave with a frequency of 3 MHz. 2. The first low-pass filter with 20 MHz edge frequency and 30 MHz transition region is applied. 3. A sparsed version of trace A. 4. A second low-pass filter with an edge frequency of 5 MHz and a transition region width of 6 MHz is applied to the sparsed trace in 3.
  • Page 359 200 point sin(x)/x, a low-pass filter. Note: Real world filters would either be windowed or made by the Remez exchange algorithm. The point of this example is to show how to transfer a filter to the scope. check = 0.987 This is the DC gain of the filter Now create an ASCII file containing the coefficients: FirFilter.txt Writing Data to a Data File...

  • Page 360: Example 2: Creating An Iir Filter Coefficient File Using Mathcad

    Operator's Manual the Mathcad variable containing the data that will be written to the data file. When you click outside the component, the values in the Mathcad variable will be written to the filename you specified. Each time you calculate the worksheet, the data file is rewritten. On the instrument, when the Custom filter kind is selected, a file selection box will appear.

  • Page 361: Specifications

    Select File Read or Write from the list and click Next. This launches the first part of the File Read or Write Setup Wizard. Choose Write to a data source and press Next to go to the second page of the Wizard: From the File Format drop-down list in this Wizard, choose Tab Delimited Text.

  • Page 362: Pma2 Option

    INTRODUCTION TO PMA2 The Tools and What They Do When combined with a LeCroy digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) and current and differential measurement tools, the PowerMeasure Analysis 2 (PMA2) software package provides a complete set of hardware and software tools for the design and analysis of power conversion circuits, as well as current and differential voltage measurement tools.

  • Page 363: Deskewing Voltage And Current

    Source allow the propagation delay differences in the voltage and current signals to be matched. The LeCroy DCS015 Deskew Calibration Source is provided for this purpose. Note: The time delay of a DA1855/DXC100 (A or non-A versions) connected to the DSO with a 1.2 m 50 coaxial cable is the same as the AP015 Current Probe’s delay, and no deskew...
  • Page 364 Operator's Manual Checking Channel-to-Channel Time Skew Decide which DSO channels are to be used as the voltage and current inputs, and connect the voltage and current probes to those channels. Connect the DCS015 Deskew Calibration Source to the DSO’s calibrator output or to one of the unused channels. Connect the voltage and current probes to the DCS015 as shown.

  • Page 365: Initial Setup

    Initial Setup Set the time/div, trigger delay, trigger level, voltage, and current channel coupling to obtain the display shown above. It is important to trigger on the negative slope of the voltage waveform. In the Utilities Preferences Setup Offset/Delay dialog, set the Delay Setting Constant to Div. Position both traces around center screen, and set the trigger level and delay as shown.
  • Page 366 Operator's Manual The voltage and current displays should look similar to this: ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...
  • Page 367 Channel-to-Channel Propagation Delay (Skew) Matching After the voltage and current channels are properly set up, proceed as follows to deskew the voltage and current signals. Be sure to deskew on the negative edge: Touch the Timebase descriptor label to open the "Horizontal" setup dialog; then touch the Set To Zero button under "Delay"...
  • Page 368 Operator's Manual The signal time skew will be shown as delay difference between the voltage and current waveform. By changing the value of deskew (either by directly entering a number using the pop- up keypad or by adjusting the number with the Adjust knob), the current waveform will be moved to the right (positive deskew) or left (negative deskew) to a maximum of +/- 100 ms.

  • Page 369: Clearing The Deskew Setup

    PowerMeasure descriptor labels Clearing the Deskew Setup If you are not going to be using the PMA2 application immediately, you should turn it off so as to undo modifications made during the deskew process. Touch Analysis in the menu bar, then PowerMeasure in the drop-down menu. Alternatively, touch one of the PowerMeasure descriptor labels Under "Analysis,"...

  • Page 370: Using Power Device Analysis

    Operator's Manual USING POWER DEVICE ANALYSIS Setup and Configuration for Power Device Analysis The Power Device Analysis portion of PMA2 lets you make difficult measurements on the devices while they operate in circuit. The exact setup for each measurement will differ depending on what device type is to be analyzed and where it is located in the circuit.

  • Page 371: Initial Setup (Optional Event Trigger)

    procedure contained in the Matching the Time Delay in Your Measurement System to correct any delay between the current and voltage. Connect the voltage and current probes to the appropriate points in the circuit under test. The figure above can be used as a guide. If measurements are to be made on the device as a function of an event such as load change or start-up, select a signal to be used as a trigger for this event.

  • Page 372: Initial Setup (Main Trigger)

    Operator's Manual In this example, Channel 4 is used to acquire a signal that indicates the power supply load’s changing from maximum to minimum. Set up the trigger so the acquisition of a record can be initiated from this event. The Load Change "EVENT" trigger shown in the figure above was used for this example.

  • Page 373: Setup For Power Device Analysis

    Set the time/div, trigger delay, trigger level, and voltage channel coupling to obtain a display similar to that shown above. It is usually desirable to trigger on the negative slope of the voltage waveform. But you should set your trigger on either the voltage (shown) or current waveform in order to obtain a stable display.
  • Page 374 Operator's Manual Touch inside the Attenuation field and select an attenuation factor from the pop-up menu. Touch the Current tab, then touch inside the current Source field and select a channel, memory, or math trace from the pop-up menu. Touch inside the Fine Adjust DC Level field and enter a value, using the pop-up keypad. Touch inside the Current probe type field and make a selection from the pop-up menu.

  • Page 375: Power Device Analysis Measurements

    Power Device Analysis Setup (Deskew Value Check) After the voltage and current channels are assigned, the value of time delay correction required between the two can be set by touching inside the Deskew field in the "Current" dialog. The deskew value can be changed in this dialog by turning the front panel Adjust knob or by using the pop-up keypad.
  • Page 376 Operator's Manual Instantaneous Power Measurement – Steady State Note: The previous sections should be completed before you make these measurements. Selecting Instantaneous Power from the Analysis menu brings up the following display: The deskewed current waveform (I) and the voltage waveform (V) are displayed in the first grid.
  • Page 377 Instantaneous Power Measurement – Event Triggered Note: The previous sections should be completed before you make these measurements. To analyze the instantaneous power of the power device during transitions such as turn-on and load change, trigger the acquisition on an "event" trigger: The above is a 10 ms window of a power FETs drain-source voltage, drain current (deskewed), and instantaneous power dissipation that occurs during the circuit’s transition from maximum to minimum load.
  • Page 378 Operator's Manual Safe Operating Area Measurement – Steady State Note: The previous sections should be completed before you make these measurements. Selecting Safe Operating Area in the "Functions" menu brings up the following display. The voltage waveform (V) is displayed in the first grid and the deskewed current waveform (I) is displayed in the second grid.

  • Page 379: Saturation Voltage And Dynamic On-Resistance Measurement

    Safe Operating Area Measurement – Event Triggered Note: The previous sections should be completed before you make these measurements. To analyze the safe operating area performance of the power device during a transition, such as turn-on or load transition, trigger the acquisition on an "event" trigger. The above is a 10 ms window of a Power FET’s drain-source voltage, drain current (deskewed), and safe operating area measurement that occurs during the circuit’s transitioning from maximum to minimum load.
  • Page 380 Operator's Manual Selecting Dynamic On-Resistance in the Functions menu brings up the above display. The deskewed voltage (V) and current (I) waveforms are displayed in the first grid. The delay between the voltage and current waveforms has been removed by the deskew function. By changing the DSO’s V/div setting and adjusting the trigger level, the voltage waveform displayed is the device saturation voltage.

  • Page 381: Fine Dc Level Adjustment

    Fine DC Level Adjustment Measurement errors caused by channel-to-channel time delay differences can be corrected using PMA2’s deskew capability. Another major cause of errors is DC offset in the measurement equipment. Minor DC offset errors in the current or voltage channel can cause major errors in power calculations.

  • Page 382: Example

    Operator's Manual Example: To measure the saturation voltage of a device to 100 mV accuracy when the off voltage is 400 V requires 250 ppm measurement capability. The DSO input, or an input preamplifier such as the DA1855A, needs to recover and settle to a value greater than 250 ppm before the measurement can be made.
  • Page 383 Figure A: The voltage probe appears to be properly compensated on a 400 V square wave when viewed at 100 V/div. Figure B: When viewed at 500 mV/div, the same 400 V square wave shows the probe compensation to be slightly peaked. WR6K-OM-E Rev A ISSUED: October 2003...

  • Page 384: Clearing The Power Device Analysis Setup

    Operator's Manual Figure C: When the horizontal time per division is decreased to a value normally used to view 20 to 150 kHz swictchmode power conversion circuits, the slightly peaked LF compensation appears as a DC level shift. Figure D: Viewing a power FET’s saturation voltage with the slightly peaked LF compensation makes the voltage appear to go negative.

  • Page 385: To Access Dv/Dt

    To Access dv/dt Under "Functions," touch the dV/dT button. The derivative of your voltage waveform will be displayed with a cursor that you can click and drag. Touch the dV/dT tab if you want to zoom in on the derivative. In the example above, a power device’s Drain-to-Source Voltage (VDS) signal (V) is displayed in the first grid.

  • Page 386: Using Modulation Analysis

    Operator's Manual USING MODULATION ANALYSIS How Modulation Analysis Works Switchmode power conversion circuits use some method of transferring energy from an unregulated source to regulated outputs on a cycle-by-cycle basis. Output regulation is achieved by modulating the amount of energy transferred in each cycle. The most common modulation method used is Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
  • Page 387 (B) Gate drive pulse width at full load (C) Analog Persistence display shows pulse widths at minimum and maximum load, as well as other pulse widths that occur during load transition When operating in steady state, a power supply’s pulse width will be narrow during periods of low load, and wider when the load is higher.
  • Page 388 Operator's Manual harder to see. The use of Analog Persistence mode yields more information about the supply’s step response, but does not display the change in width as a function of elapsed time. Modulation Analysis provides you with a method of seeing the information contained in the modulated signal.

  • Page 389: The Modulation Analysis Display

    The following diagram shows a typical setup used to acquire the modulated signal at the power FET’s gate in an off-line switching power supply. The LeCroy DA1855A Differential Amplifier is used to acquire the device’s gate drive signal.

  • Page 390: Setup For Modulation Analysis Measurements

    Operator's Manual Typical connections to a circuit under test needed to acquire the power device’s gate drive signal from which the circuit’s Pulse Width Modulation can be obtained. The circuit shown is an off-line flyback power supply. Examples in this section are based on connections to a circuit of this type.

  • Page 391: Trigger Setup - The Event Trigger

    Typical connections to the circuit under test for acquiring a source of the feedback modulation and various EVENT trigger sources. Trigger Setup – The Event Trigger 1. Determine the event around which the acquisition of an extended signal modulation record will be required. Triggering the acquisition of the modulated signal on these events can test the circuit’s response to events such as line voltage change, turn-on, turn-off, and load change.

  • Page 392: Initial Setup - The Modulated Signal

    Operator's Manual Initial Setup – The Modulated Signal 1. Set up a stable display of the signal that will be used as the source of the modulation information. Ensure that a clean signal can be acquired that will allow the signal’s width (or other characteristic) to be readily measured.

  • Page 393: Modulation Analysis Controls

    Touch the Voltage tab to select the previously set up modulated signal voltage channel. Touch the Modulation tab, then the Width button. Touch the Trace On checkbox. Modulation Analysis Controls Touch the Timebase descriptor label , and change the horizontal Time/Division to a value that will allow the capture of a modulated signal record sufficiently long to cover the time of interest.

  • Page 394: Optimizing The Display

    Operator's Manual Optimizing the Display Using the Zoom mini-dialog to the right of the screen, optimize the display. The modulated signal (V) is displayed in the first grid (the gate drive voltage waveform in this example). The waveform that results from measuring the width of each pulse (Mod) is displayed in the second grid, and zoom traces (F1) and (F2) of the modulated signal (V) are displayed in the third and fourth grids.

  • Page 395: Using Line Power Analysis

    Harmonic Current Emissions. EN 61000-3-2, Harmonic Current Emissions LeCroy encourages you to refer to the latest version of EN 61000-3-2 for full definitions and limits set forth by the standard. The following information is abstracted for your convenience. Classification of Equipment...

  • Page 396: Configuration For Line Power Analysis

    Operator's Manual Configuration for Line Power Analysis SETUP: To make line power analysis measurements, the equipment should be set up as shown here. In the examples below, Channel 2 is used for voltage and Channel 3 is used for current. But any channel can be used for voltage or current.
  • Page 397 EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST: The equipment being tested for power consumption and line harmonics. LINE POWER SOURCE: The power source should be low distortion. EN 61000-3-2 specifies maximum crest factor and harmonic distortion for the power source while it is connected to the equipment under test.

  • Page 398: Setting Up The Line Voltage And Current Signals

    Operator's Manual Setting Up the Line Voltage and Current Signals ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 399: Activating The Line Power Analysis Menu

    Set up a stable display of the line voltage and current signals similar to those shown. Set the time/division, trigger delay, trigger level, and voltage channel coupling to obtain a display similar to that shown above. Polarity of the current waveform must match that of the voltage waveform. Make sure that your current probe is connected so that this is the case.

  • Page 400: Line Harmonics Measurement

    Operator's Manual degauss the current probe. The polarity of the current probe should match the voltage waveform. After the Voltage and Current selections have been made, the display screen shows the line voltage and current waveform, as well as the power and energy waveforms. Parameters displayed are apparent power (apwr) and power factor (pf).
  • Page 401 In the PowerMeasure dialog, touch the Harmonics button, then the Harmonics tab. Menu selections are provided to select the class of the equipment under test (EN 61000 A, B, C, or D classification) and the line frequency at which it is operating (50, 60 Hz). Touch inside the Class field and select an EN 61000 classification: A, B, C, or D from the pop-up menu.
  • Page 402 Operator's Manual ISSUED: October 2003 WR6K-OM-E Rev A...

  • Page 403: Using Non-Probus Probes

    PMA2 dialogs give you maximum flexibility by providing the correct units and scaling for power measurements. When LeCroy probes equipped with the ProBus interface are used, correct units and scaling are automatic. When non-ProBus current or voltage probes are used, PMA2 software provides methods to enter the correct units and scaling for a variety of current and voltage probes.

  • Page 404: Current Input Setup Menus

    Operator's Manual Effective gain of a voltage or current probe can be set from /1000 attenuation to X10,000 gain. Current Input Setup Menus Adjusting Current with No Amplifier Normalization Factor When a non-ProBus current probe is used that has no normalization factor, proceed as follows: Touch the Current tab.

  • Page 405: Voltage Input Setup Menus

    This setup is useful when a non-ProBus voltage probe is used on the voltage input channel, and when a non-A model LeCroy DA1855 Differential Amplifier is used to measure the voltage. It also can be used for other voltage probes and amplifiers.

  • Page 406: Processing Web

    Operator's Manual PROCESSING WEB PROCESSING WEB The Processing Web provides a graphical way to quickly and easily set up math functions and parameter measurements. Using the Processing Web, you can chain together many more math- on-math functions than you can using the Math Setup dialog, where you are limited to two functions.
  • Page 407 However, you can cancel web processing within the "Math Setup" dialog by touching the single function, double function, or graph button. Touch the Measure tab, then touch the Web Edit button, if you want to dedicate a parameter location (P1 to Px) for web processing: The parameter location you choose will display "Web Edit"...
  • Page 408 Operator's Manual Touch the Web Editor tab to return to the web setup dialog. The math and parameter locations you selected appear as outputs at the far right: You may have to scroll up or down to see it. Touch the Add Math button and select a math function from the Add Math Processor menu.
  • Page 409 Adding Parameters Add parameter measurements in the same way as for math functions. Parameters can be connected to any math function in the web. Adding Previews 1. Touch the Add Preview button: . A scope-like icon will appear: 2. Touch the output arrow on the math function or parameter icon and drag a line to the input arrow of the preview icon.

This manual is also suitable for:

Waverunner 6000 series

Table of Contents