Page 1 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers N E T G E A R NETGEAR, Inc. A Bay Networks Company 48015 Warm Springs Blvd. Fremont, CA 94539 Part No. M-RT210NA-0 August 1996...
Page 2 In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.
Page 3 Certiﬁcate of the Manufacturer/Importer It is hereby certiﬁed that the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers have been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Contents Preface Purpose ........................... xv Audience .......................... xv Conventions ........................xvi Special Message Formats ..................xvi Use of Enter, Type, and Press ...................xvi Other Conventions ....................xvii Related Publications .......................xvii Customer Support ......................xviii World Wide Web ...................... xviii Chapter 1 Introduction About the Router ......................1-1 Features .........................1-1 Key Features ......................1-2 ISDN Support ......................1-3...
Page 6 Using PPP to Connect to Other Devices ..............1-7 Multilink PPP .....................1-7 Password Authentication Protocol ..............1-8 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol ..........1-8 Deﬁning Security Levels ...................1-8 Chapter 2 Installing and Connecting Package Contents ......................2-1 Site Preparation ......................2-2 Checklists ........................2-2 ISDN Services Checklist ..................2-3 European Services ....................2-3 North American Services ...................2-3 Network Checklist ....................2-4...
Page 7 Connecting to Another NETGEAR or Bay Networks Nautica Router .....3-10 Connecting to a Router Using Point-to-Point Protocol ...........3-11 Conﬁguring a PPP Path ...................3-12 Verifying Autocall Operation ...................3-13 Operating with a Single IP Address ................3-14 Caller Line Identiﬁcation (CLI) ..................3-14 Obtaining Additional Bandwidth ..................3-14 Subaddressing and Multiple Subscriber Numbering (MSN) .........3-15...
Page 8 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Using the Trace Window to Display System Messages ..........5-1 Understanding the ISDN Clearing Codes ...............5-2 Troubleshooting Your ISDN Line ..................5-4 Using the Ping Utility to Troubleshoot a TCP/IP Network ..........5-5 Testing the LAN Path to Your Router ................5-5 Testing the Path from Your Router to a Remote Device ...........5-6 Testing the Full Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ..........5-8 Testing the Voice Port .....................5-8...
Page 9 Appendix D Upgrading Software Obtaining the Latest Version of Software ............... D-1 Upgrading Through a PC ....................D-2 Upgrading Through a Remote Router ................D-3 Upgrading the Terminal Adapter Code ................D-4 Appendix E PPP Authentication Proﬁles Determining PPP Proﬁles ....................E-1 Glossary Index Contents...
Page 10 Contents...
Page 11 Figures Figure 2-1. Router connections ..................2-6 Figure 2-2. Connecting the NETGEAR Model RT210 router to ISDN in North America ..................2-9 Figure 2-3. Router connected to a hub ..............2-10 Figure 2-4. NETGEAR ISDN router ................2-11 Figure 4-1. Main Menu ....................4-2 Figure 4-2.
Page 12 Figures...
Page 13 PPP authentication proﬁles ..............E-2 Table E-2. PPP authentication proﬁles for NETGEAR, Nautica, and Bay products ................... E-2 Table E-3. PPP custom authentication proﬁles for NETGEAR, Nautica, and Bay products ................... E-3 Table E-4. PPP authentication proﬁles for other manufacturers ....... E-4 Tables...
Page 14 Tables...
Page 15: Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR Model RT210 ISDN router ™ or the Model RT211 ISDN router. The routers are part of the NETGEAR 200 Series router product family. The Model RT210 and Model RT211 routers provide connection for one or more computer workstations to the Internet or to the ofﬁce over inexpensive ISDN lines.
Page 16: Conventions
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Conventions This section describes the conventions used in this guide. Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages: Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Page 17: Other Conventions
(+) sign. ALL CAPS DOS ﬁle and directory names. Related Publication For more information about conﬁguring the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers using FirstGear™, refer to Getting Started Using FirstGear (part number M1-RT210NA-0). Preface...
Page 18: Customer Support
Fax: U.S./Canada: 510-498-2609 World Wide Web NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web Home Page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL) http://NETGEAR.baynetworks.com/home. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Mosaic or Netscape are required.
Page 19: Introduction
About the Router The Model RT210 and Model RT211 routers are remote routers that transport data from one network to another through wide area connections. The router compares the network addresses of data packets sent through the LAN to the entries in its address tables.
Page 20: Key Features
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Key Features The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers provide the following features: • Standard Basic Rate ISDN Connection — ISDN, 2B+D providing 2 x 64 KBps data channels and a 16 KBps control channel —...
Page 21: Isdn Support
One advantage of using ISDN to connect routers is that the connection is set up only if there is data to be sent to the remote network. The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers detect that a network exists on a remote unit that can be reached through ISDN. The routers set up a call, transfer the data, and then hang up automatically when the connection is no longer needed.
Page 22: Planning Considerations
Appendix D, “Upgrading Software.” Planning Considerations This section helps you plan the setup of the Model RT210 and Model RT211 routers. Basic Concepts The cost of installing and running a network and providing sufﬁcient bandwidth to communicate has generally been proportional to the distance that the network extends and the amount of bandwidth required.
Page 23: Routing Information Protocol
RIP is limited to 15 hops maximum. The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers support both RIP and RIP2. RIP2 has a number of enhancements, including the ability to transmit subaddress information with the routing table, allowing networks with variable length subnetwork numbers to be supported.
Page 24: Connecting To Isdn
In most areas, your ISDN equipment is connected to the telephone company by a four-wire S/T interface, such as the one provided by the Model RT210 router. The telephone company provides a network termination device commonly known as an NT1, which converts this four-wire S/T interface to a two-wire U interface for transmission over long lines to the central switch.
Page 25: Using Subaddressing And Multiple Subscriber Numbering
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using Subaddressing and Multiple Subscriber Numbering If the NETGEAR Model RT210 router shares an ISDN line with other ISDN devices, the router must identify and route incoming calls. You can use either subaddressing or Multiple Subscriber Numbering (MSN) as ways to identify where the incoming calls belong.
Page 26: Password Authentication Protocol
Deﬁning Security Levels Because ISDN is a public service, it opens your network to unauthorized access and security becomes an important issue. The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers are equipped with the following features designed to maintain security: •...
Page 27: Installing And Connecting
Chapter 2 Installing and Connecting This chapter provides instructions on installing the Model RT210 or Model RT211 router and connecting to the built-in interface through a serial or Telnet connection. If you are a PC user, you can conﬁgure the router either by an easy-to-use software program, the FirstGear ISDN router conﬁguration utility, or the built-in interface.
Page 28: Site Preparation
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • 9-pin D-connector to 25-pin D-connector adapter • RJ-45 two-way splitter • This guide • Getting Started Using FirstGear • Two 3.5-inch FirstGear installation diskettes • Four rubber feet • Four Velcro feet •...
Page 29: Isdn Services Checklist
North American Services In North America, you must conﬁgure your ISDN ports on the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers according to the type of switch your telephone company has in its local central ofﬁce. For further information, refer to Appendix C, “Ordering ISDN...
Page 30: Network Checklist
Installing and Connecting the Router You can install the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers on a ﬂat surface, such as a tabletop or desktop, or you can mount them on a computer housing or wall using the Velcro strips.
Page 31 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Apply the appropriate feet (rubber or Velcro) to the bottom of your router as follows: Peel the back from each foot. Apply one to each of the four marked locations on the bottom of your router.
Page 32: Figure 2-1. Router Connections
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers ISDN VOICE 9v DC 7289 Key: Router RJ-45 two-way splitter Station (PC, Macintosh, or UNIX workstation) ISDN wall connection AC power adapter Analog device (telephone, fax, or modem) 10BASE-T Ethernet cable (10-ft round cable) ISDN cable (10-ft ﬂat cable)
Page 33: Connecting To Isdn
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Connect the cables and power to the appropriate ports on the back panel of the router, as illustrated in Figure 2-1: Connect the AC power adapter (5) to the 9v-DC port. Connect the ISDN cable (8) to the ISDN port.
Page 34: Connecting To Isdn In North America
Model RT211 ISDN router. If the Model RT210 ISDN router or any device that does not have a U interface is connected to an ISDN line, the interface must be converted by using a network termination unit, known as an NT1.
Page 35: Figure 2-2. Connecting The Netgear Model Rt210 Router To Isdn In North America
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers ISDN VOICE 9v DC 7288 Key: Model RT210 ISDN router ISDN cable S/T interface U interface NT1 device ISDN wall connection Figure 2-2. Connecting the NETGEAR Model RT210 router to ISDN in North America Installing and Connecting...
Page 36: Connecting To A Hub
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Connecting to a Hub Your router can be connected to a hub as illustrated in Figure 2-3, where a router is integrated with the NETGEAR Model EN108 10BASE-T hub. ISDN VOICE 9v DC...
Page 37: Power Connection
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Position the switch on the 10BASE-T Ethernet port on your hub to the uplink (or MDI) position. Connect the twisted-pair LAN cable from the 10BASE-T Ethernet uplink port on your hub to the TP port on the RJ-45 two-way splitter.
Page 38: Using The Firstgear Isdn Router Conﬁguration Utility
Using the FirstGear ISDN Router Conﬁguration Utility If you are using a PC, NETGEAR provides FirstGear, an easy-to-use Windows-based utility that leads you through a Quick Setup or an Advanced Setup menu for conﬁguring your router. For FirstGear instructions, refer to Getting Started Using FirstGear.
Page 39: Connecting Through A Serial Port
Setup” in Chapter 3. Connecting Through a Telnet Connection The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers are shipped with a default IP address of 1.1.1.1. If the router conﬁguration is cleared, the IP address reverts to the default address.
Page 41: Conﬁguring The Router
Chapter 3 Conﬁguring the Router This chapter contains information about conﬁguring your router through the built-in interface Quick Setup or Basic Setup. Conﬁguration Methods If you are using a PC, you have two options to conﬁgure your router, either through FirstGear or through the built-in interface.
Page 42: Using The Commands In The Interface
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Commands in the Interface When using the Quick Setup in the built-in interface, you are prompted as you move through the screens. When using the Basic Setup in the built-in interface, you need to know the commands that enable you to move through the screens.
Page 43: Table 3-3. Control Character Commands
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Table 3-3. Control character commands Control Action in the menu Action in the form Character(s) [Cntl]+ Same as in the form. Toggles VT100/Televideo Terminal Mode. [Cntl]+ Move to the previous page. None.
Page 44: Using The Built-In Interface Quick Setup
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Built-in Interface Quick Setup When using the built-in interface Quick Setup, you are prompted to: • Name your router with your account login name • Enter your IP address •...
Page 45 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Enter PASSWORD. PASSWORD must be typed within the brackets on the screen. You must enter the password in all uppercase letters in order to proceed. Enter Y when you are asked if you want to run Quick Setup.
Page 46 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Enter Y when you are asked if you want to use PPP. Use PPP unless you are only calling other NETGEAR routers. Enter the phone number your router is calling when you are asked to enter the remote ISDN number to dial.
Page 47: Using The Built-In Interface Basic Setup
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Built-In Interface Basic Setup This section shows you how to: • Name the router • Enter the network address • If in North America, conﬁgure the ISDN line • Connect to another NETGEAR or Bay Nautica Series router •...
Page 48: Naming The Router
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Naming the Router To name your router, follow these steps: Enter CO to display the Conﬁguration Menu. Enter SYS to display the Update System Parameters screen. Enter the login name of the router.
Page 49: Conﬁguring The Isdn Line
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Conﬁguring the ISDN Line If you are in an area other than North America, skip this section. For information that assists you in conﬁguring your ISDN line, refer to Appendix C, “Ordering ISDN Lines.”...
Page 50: Connecting To Another Netgear Or Bay Networks Nautica Router
3-11. To conﬁgure an ISDN path between two NETGEAR routers or between a NETGEAR and a Nautica Series router, set up a call between the two units. To set up a call between the two units, follow these steps: Enter STAT ISDN display the ISDN Port Status menu.
Page 51: Connecting To A Router Using Point-To-Point Protocol
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Connecting to a Router Using Point-to-Point Protocol Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a standard means of transporting multiprotocol datagrams over point-to-point links and has been adopted as a method of interoperation between different manufacturers.
Page 52: Conﬁguring A Ppp Path
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers To ensure that the router knows that routes are learned over an ISDN path, you must enter an ISDN number in the conﬁguration path. Any routes learned through this path are displayed with an I after the routing protocol R (RIP) in the routing table display.
Page 53: Verifying Autocall Operation
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Press [Cntl]+E to apply the changes. Enter SAVE to save the changes. Enter STAT ISDN display the ISDN Port Status menu. Type CALL and the ISDN phone number. CALL must be followed by a space and the ISDN phone number of the other router. If the connection is on a 56 KBps line, preﬁx the number with “#”symbol.
Page 54: Operating With A Single Ip Address
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Operating with a Single IP Address Many Internet service providers (ISPs) supply a single 32 bit host address to the user instead of a netmask address. ISPs assign this address to the host PC or the workstation and do not leave an address free for the LAN port of the router.
Page 55: Subaddressing And Multiple Subscriber Numbering (Msn)
Subaddressing and Multiple Subscriber Numbering (MSN) If your NETGEAR Model RT210 ISDN router shares an ISDN line with other ISDN devices, the router must identify where the incoming calls belong. Subaddressing and MSN are the two methods for doing this and must be enabled by your ISDN provider.
Page 56 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers When an ISDN line has MSN enabled, a range of numbers is assigned to that line. The service provider usually provides ten. A number could be from 1 to 9 digits depending on the service. The number chosen for the router should be entered in the MSN parameter ﬁeld in the ISDN Port form.
Page 57: Menus And Commands
Chapter 4 Menus and Commands The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers have a built-in software management system that allows you to conﬁgure and manage your router. This section shows the menu hierarchy and describes the menus and forms.
Page 58: Figure 4-1. Main Menu
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Figure 4-1. Main Menu As illustrated in Figure 4-1, the Main Menu provides the following commands: • CONFIG CONFIG provides access to the conﬁguration facilities within the management system. • STATS STATS lets you view the status and statistical information maintained by the unit.
Page 59 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Figure 4-2 illustrates the built-in interface menu hierarchy Main Menu CONFIG Update System Parameters SYSTEM Name PATHS Old Password PORTS New Password Retype Password Time Since Reboot Configure Paths Menu Name Update Path Form...
Page 60: Using The Config Command
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the CONFIG Command The CONFIG command allows you to set general conﬁguration parameters. When you type this command in the Main Menu, the Conﬁguration Menu is displayed. Figure 4-3. Conﬁguration Menu...
Page 61: Using The Update System Parameters Form
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • This command lets you conﬁgure the IP routing table. • This command lets you conﬁgure the operating mode of the custom point-to-point protocol connection. Using the Update System Parameters Form The Update System Parameters Form provides a list of router parameters that let you name the router, change your password, and display the amount of time since the router was last rebooted.
Page 62: Using The Conﬁgure Paths Menu
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Conﬁgure Paths Menu Through several menus and forms, the path management screens assist you in connecting through ISDN, setting up protocols, conﬁguring paths, and calling other devices. Following are the menu command options and functions provided by the Conﬁgure Paths Menu: Caution: By pressing [Cntl]+E, Path parameter edits take effect immediately.
Page 63: Using The Update Path Form
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • CALL Highlight the required path and type CALL or type CALL [path name] to establish the path. You can also make switched circuit calls by typing CALL [circuit/telephone number] from anywhere except this menu.
Page 64 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • IPAddr&Mask Allows entry of the IP address and number of subnet mask bits for this interface. If a subnet mask is not speciﬁed, the unit adds the default mask for the class of address conﬁgured.
Page 65 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • MinBandwidth (bps) The minimum bandwidth that should be allocated to this path. A value of 0 initially uses the single channel capacity. Other values may cause the unit to make additional switched calls until the requirement is met for this path.
Page 66 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • IPAddr&Mask Allows entry of the IP address and number of netmask bits for this interface for numbered links. If a netmask is not speciﬁed, the unit adds the default mask for the class of address conﬁgured.
Page 67: Using The Conﬁgure Ports Menu
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Conﬁgure Ports Menu The port conﬁguration screens assist you in conﬁguring and updating the ports. Following are the menu command options and functions provided by the Conﬁgure Ports Menu: •...
Page 68 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • If Multiple Subscriber Numbering is in use, the number assigned to this unit must be entered here. Default: None • SubAddr If Subaddressing is in use, the subaddress number assigned to this unit must be entered here.
Page 69: Using The Conﬁgure Ip Routes Menu
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • PPPProf This proﬁle determines the operating mode of PPP for incoming connections on this port and must match the proﬁle that is conﬁgured on the appropriate path. The various options are listed Table E-1 Appendix E, “PPP Authentication...
Page 70: Using The Update Ip Routes Form
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Update IP Routes Form You can Update IP Routes by using the IP Routes form. Following are the menu command options and functions provided by the Update IP Routes form: •...
Page 71 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • LCP Negotiate Determines whether the PPP LCP (Link Control Protocol) can negotiate the supported options with the remote system. Default: NO • LCP Authenticate Determines whether a remote unit is required to send a PAP authentication User Id and Password if PAP is selected, or if CHAP authentication is selected, a CHAP Challenge is sent to the remote unit.
Page 72: Using The Stats Command
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • ML Encapsulation Enables a variation of Multilink for implementation for particular vendors. Default: NO Using the STATS Command By using the STATS command, you can view the status and statistics of paths, the IP routes, the ISDN ports call status and the history of calls.
Page 73: Viewing Path Status
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • Displays the address resolution table. • ISDN Displays the ISDN ports call status. • HISTORY Displays the historical dialed call data. Viewing Path Status Following are the viewing options provided by the Path Status Menu: •...
Page 74: Viewing Ip Status
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Viewing IP Status Following are the viewing options provided by the IP Status Menu: • This is a number assigned by the system. • Dest For each IP connection, the destination IP address is shown.
Page 75: Viewing Isdn Port Status
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • The physical MAC address of the device. If this entry is blank, the device is on a remote network. If the entry is “aaaaaaaaaaaa,” an ARP request has been sent but no response has yet been received.
Page 76: Using The Telnet Command
The format is TELNET (IP address). The IP address that you type is the full network address of the target device. If the target device is another NETGEAR or Bay Nautica Series router, a remote management session is opened and the initial password prompt screen is displayed.
Page 77: Using The Quit Command
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers • Number of times to send the echo request packet. [4] • Transmit packets continuously. Halt with space bar. • Time to wait for a response (range 1 to 3276). [5 seconds] If the command is used without any options, the target IP address is pinged ﬁve times and the...
Page 79: Troubleshooting
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting This chapter provides a description of the command line utilities and a guide to troubleshooting the router. Using the Trace Window to Display System Messages The Trace Window displays messages that show how the internal processes of the unit are performing.
Page 80: Understanding The Isdn Clearing Codes
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers The Trace Window cannot be accessed by more than one “manager” (built-in interface) at a time. An example of multiple accessing is connecting at the same time by a serial connection and by Telnet, or connecting at the same time with two Telnet calls.
Page 81: Table 5-2. Isdn Internal Clearing Codes
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Table 5-1. ISDN clearing codes (continued) Reason Description Network out of order Temporary failure Switching equipment congestion Access information discarded Resources unavailable (unspeciﬁed) Requested facility not subscribed to Service or option not available...
Page 82: Troubleshooting Your Isdn Line
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Troubleshooting Your ISDN Line Correct provisioning of your ISDN line is important. Because there are many different service packages offered in North America, which all have different parameters set in the central ofﬁce switch, you might experience malfunctions in your ISDN line.
Page 83: Using The Ping Utility To Troubleshoot A Tcp/Ip Network
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Using the Ping Utility to Troubleshoot a TCP/IP Network Most TCP/IP terminal devices and routers contain a Ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device. The device then responds with an echo reply.
Page 84: Testing The Path From Your Router To A Remote Device
Physical connection To make sure that the physical connections are correct: Check that the ISDN port on your router is connected to your NT1 (for RT210) or to the ISDN wall outlet (for RT211). If using the RT210, make sure that any LEDs on your NT1 indicate a normal working line connection.
Page 85 Check the values you have entered for Switch Type, Directory Number, and SPIDs. If you are using the RT210, make sure that the power for the NT1 is turned on before the router.
Page 86: Testing The Full Path From Your Pc To A Remote Device
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Testing the Full Path from Your PC to a Remote Device After verifying that the LAN path and the remote path are set up correctly, test the full path from your PC to a remote device. From the Windows Run menu, type PING -n 10 followed by the IP address of the remote device you are calling.
Page 87: Technical Speciﬁcations
Appendix A Technical Speciﬁcations This appendix provides technical speciﬁcations for the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers. General Speciﬁcations Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility WAN Protocols: PPP, Multilink PPP Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, IP RIP-1 ISDN Standard: Bellcore National ISDN-1 (USA) AT&T 5ESS...
Page 88 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Physical Speciﬁcations Dimensions: 131 x 138 x 39 mm (5.1 x 5.4"x 1.5 in.) Weight: 0.3 kg (0.7 lb.) Environmental Speciﬁcations Operating temperature: 0 C to 40 C Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity,...
Page 89: Appendix Btcp/Ip Routing
Appendix B TCP/IP Routing This Appendix provides information on the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP is the name of communications protocols used to connect computers and data communications equipment into computer networks. IP Addressing Because TCP/IP networks are used so widely across the world, they need a unique addressing structure to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination.
Page 90: Figure B-1. Three Main Address Classes
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node 7261 Figure B-1. Three main address classes Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an 8 bit network number and a 24 bit node number.
Page 91: Subnet Addressing
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefﬁcient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number.
Page 92: Address Resolution
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Address Resolution An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one device to another on a LAN. In order for data to be sent from one point in the network to a destination elsewhere, we must convert the IP address.
Page 93: Routing Ip Over Isdn
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Routing IP Over ISDN The NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers are able to connect to other networks using ISDN just as if the network were attached with a leased line. When data is to be sent to the remote network, the router automatically dials the ISDN number of the router with the router that is advertising the destination IP network address.
Page 94: Connecting To Other Routers
PPP does not have a mechanism for arbitrating certain features such as compression. This minimal feature implementation was developed by the IP community and adopted for router interoperability. If using PPP, the NETGEAR router can also use PAP and CHAP for security.
Page 95: Appendix C Ordering Isdn Lines
Appendix C Ordering ISDN Lines This appendix provides you with information you need before you order a basic rate ISDN line. Ordering an ISDN Line Before ordering an ISDN line, there are several things you should know about the different kinds of services and the many options that are available.
Page 96: Connecting To Isdn In North America
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Connecting to ISDN in North America National ISDN is a series of standards designed to make it easier to order ISDN services from your telephone company. The National ISDN (NI) standards published by Bellcore are known as NI-1, NI-2, and NI-3.
Page 97: Switch Types
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Switch Types Even with the development of National ISDN, it is still necessary to know what kind of switch your telephone company uses locally, because National ISDN is still not available everywhere.
Page 98: National Isdn Service Packages
The combination of voice and data capabilities required on the B channels When used with NETGEAR or other Bay products, both B channels should be provisioned so that they can carry data. Some phone companies insist that at least one of the B channels also be capable of carrying voice trafﬁc.
Page 99: Hunt Groups
To simplify ordering in North America, National ISDN provides a set of ISDN Ordering Codes (IOCs) that allow service packages to be ordered. When there is only a NETGEAR router on a line, we recommend that you use the IOC called Capability J, which provides the following: •...
Page 100: Connecting To Isdn In Europe
ISDN switches for the newer Euro-ISDN. The NETGEAR Model RT210 router is approved to attach to both the French and German Euro-ISDN networks. The French and German Euro-ISDN networks differ slightly from the standard Euro-ISDN network approvals.
Page 101: Line Ordering Summary For European Users
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Line Ordering Summary for European Users When ordering your ISDN line, you should do the following: Call your telephone company and ask what type of ISDN service is available in your area.
Page 103: Appendix D Upgrading Software
PC or from a remote router of the same type. The internal software on the NETGEAR Model RT210 and Model RT211 ISDN routers can be updated as new versions are released by NETGEAR. There are two components of the internal software: the routing software and TA software.
Page 104: Upgrading Through A Pc
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Upgrading Through a PC Upgraded routing software can be installed by connecting a computer to your router through a LAN connection. To install the software through a LAN connection, you need a computer equipped with the following: •...
Page 105: Upgrading Through A Remote Router
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Connect to the built-in interface and type BOOTMODE on the command line to place the router in the updating state. Alternatively, turn on the power with pins 7 and 8 of the LAN interface shorted. When in boot mode, the LED on the router ﬂashes orange.
Page 106: Upgrading The Terminal Adapter Code
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Upgrading the Terminal Adapter Code To display the version of the TA code, from the manager command prompt, issue the following commands: Type %TA% 1 60 and press enter twice. #00:ERROR> is displayed on the screen.
Page 107: Ppp Authentication Proﬁles
Appendix E PPP Authentication Proﬁles This appendix gives you information on determining Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) proﬁles when conﬁguring your router. Determining PPP Proﬁles If you are dialing out into an Internet Service Provider or dialing into a central ofﬁce, the use of PAP, CHAP, or Multilink is determined by the system administrator of the ISP or central ofﬁce.
Page 108 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Table E-1 through Table E-4 to determine the appropriate PPP proﬁle for your router based on security level, features, and the type of the connecting router. Table E-1. PPP authentication proﬁles Proﬁle...
Page 109: Table E-3. Ppp Custom Authentication Proﬁles For Netgear, Nautica, And Bay Products
Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Table E-3. PPP custom authentication proﬁles for NETGEAR, Nautica, and Bay products Operating Mode Custom Default Custom 1 Custom 2 Custom 3 CHAP LCP Negotiation LCP Authentication None None Both Ways Incoming...
Page 110 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Table E-4. PPP authentication proﬁles for other manufacturers Manufacturer Operating Mode Authentication Proﬁle Ascend STANDARD PAP Ascend PAP & Multilink PPP STANDARD PAP Ascend CHAP STANDARD CHAP Ascend CHAP & Multilink PPP...
Page 111: Glossary
Glossary 10BASE-T 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. B channel A 64 KBps “Bearer” channel used to carry voice or data over the ISDN network. The ISDN Basic Rate Interface, composed of two B channels and one D channel. See Caller Line Identiﬁcation.
Page 112 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers ISDN See Integrated Services Digital Network. Internet Service Provider. Integrated Services Digital A digital telephone network for transmission of voice and data. Network Internet Packet Exchange Novell’s internetworking protocol. Internet Protocol The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet. Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol (TCP) to form TCP/IP.
Page 113 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers NT1 Network Termination device that connects the user’s equipment to the ISDN Termination 1 network. Converts the local equipment’s four-wire S/T interface to the two-wire telephone company interface. The NT1 is provided by the telephone company in most of the world, but by the user in North America.
Page 114 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Service Proﬁle Identiﬁer A number assigned by the telephone company to an attached device, used to identify the characteristics of that device. subnet mask A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which is a subnet of host addresses.
Page 115: Index
Index CLAMPROG command, D-3 analog voice module, 1-2 Class B address, B-3 ARP table, B-4 clearing codes, 5-2 AT&T 5ESS, C-3 clearing codes, internal, 5-3 autocall operation, 3-13 CLI. See Caller Line Identiﬁcation, 3-14 Conﬁguration Menu, 3-8 IP routes list, 4-13 B channel PPP custom parameters, 4-14 conﬁguring with basic setup, 3-9...
Page 116 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Declaration of Conformance, ii installation package contents, 2-1 DEFCON command, D-3 router, 2-4 determining PPP proﬁles, E-1 site preparation, 2-2 dialing remote device, 3-6 integrated services digital network. See ISDN directory number, basic setup, 3-9...
Page 117 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers multiple subscriber numbering, 1-7 Multilink PPP, 1-3 national standards, C-2 multilink. See multilink PPP ordering a line, C-1 multiple subscriber numbering. See MSN ordering line in Europe, C-7 ordering line in North America, C-6...
Page 118 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers Point-to-Point Protocol. See PPP routing across ISDN, 1-6 ports deﬁnition, 1-4 conﬁguring, 4-11 IP over ISDN, B-5 updating, 4-11 protocol time-out, 1-6 updates, 1-5 authentication proﬁles, E-2 Routing Information Protocol. See RIP conﬁguring a path, 3-12...
Page 119 Reference Guide for the Model RT210/RT211 ISDN Routers subnet addressing, B-3 support,customer. See customer support switch types, C-3 TCP/IP conﬁguration requirements, 2-4 routing, B-1 support, 1-3 using, 1-7 Telnet connection, 2-13 connecting to built-in interface, 2-13 setting IP address, 2-13...

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