Page 1 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone 1-888-NETGEAR SM-RT311NA-4 February 2001...
Page 2 In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.
Page 3: Customer Support
Read instructions for correct handling. Customer Support Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router. World Wide Web NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL) http://www.netgear.com.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Connecting the Router ...2-6 Connecting to your Local Ethernet Network ...2-6 Connecting the Model RT311 router to your Local Area Network ...2-6 Connecting the Model RT314 router to your Local Area Network ...2-6 Connecting to Your Internet Access Device ...2-7 Connecting the Serial Cable (Optional) ...2-7...
Page 6 Verifying Power ...2-8 Chapter 3 Preparing Your Network Preparing Your Personal Computers for IP Networking ...3-1 Configuring Windows 95 or later for IP Networking ...3-2 Configuring TCP/IP Properties ...3-4 Verifying TCP/IP Properties (Windows) ...3-4 Configuring the Macintosh for IP Networking ...3-5 Verifying TCP/IP Properties (Macintosh) ...3-6 Your Internet Account ...3-7 Login Protocols ...3-7...
Page 7 Software Upgrade ...6-4 Erase the Configuration ...6-5 Chapter 7 Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router Configuration Connecting for Configuration ...7-1 Connecting Through a Serial Port ...7-2 Connecting Through a Telnet Connection ...7-2 Using the Manager Interface ...7-4 Turning on Power to the Router ...7-4 Navigating the Manager ...7-6 Manager Menu Summary ...7-6 General Setup Menu ...7-8...
Page 8 Backing Up and Restoring the Configuration with a Serial Connection ...9-8 Backing Up and Restoring the Configuration Using FTP ...9-9 Software Update ...9-9 Updating Router Software Using a Serial Connection ...9-9 Updating Router Software Using FTP ...9-10 Command Interpreter Mode ... 9-11 Chapter 10 Configuring Filters Router Filter Structure ...10-1...
Page 9 Appendix A Technical Specifications General Specifications ... A-1 Appendix B Network and Routing Basics Basic Router Concepts ... B-1 What is a Router? ... B-1 Routing Information Protocol ... B-2 IP Addresses and the Internet ... B-2 Netmask ... B-4 Subnet Addressing ...
Page 10 Contents...
Page 11 Figure 2-1. RT311 Front Panel ...2-3 Figure 2-2. RT314 Front Panel ...2-3 Figure 2-3. RT311 Rear Panel ...2-5 Figure 2-4. RT314 Rear Panel ...2-5 Figure 4-1. Login window ...4-2 Figure 4-2. Browser-based configuration main menu ...4-2 Figure 4-3. Browser-based Setup Wizard, first screen ...4-3 Figure 4-4.
Page 12 Figure B-1. Three Main Address Classes ... B-3 Figure B-2. Example of Subnetting a Class B Address ... B-5 Figure B-3. Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ... B-8...
Page 13 Table 2-1. LED Descriptions ...2-4 Table 5-1. Dynamic DNS configuration fields ...5-2 Table 5-2. DHCP Setup Fields ...5-4 Table 5-3. LAN TCP/IP Setup Fields ...5-4 Table 5-4. Port Table Entries (Example) ...5-7 Table 5-5. Edit IP Static Route Fields ...5-9 Table 6-1.
Page 15: About This Guide
Technical Support For help with any technical issues, contact Customer Support at 1-888-NETGEAR, or visit us on the Web at www.NETGEAR.com. The NETGEAR Web site includes an extensive knowledge base, answers to frequently asked questions, and a means for submitting technical questions online.
Page 16 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers For more information about address assignment, refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
Page 17: Typographical Conventions
Typographical Conventions This guide uses the following typographical conventions: italics Book titles and UNIX file, command, and directory names. Screen text, user-typed command-line entries. courier font Initial Caps Menu titles and window and button names. [Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets. The notation [Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.
Page 19: Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers and discusses planning considerations for installation. About the Router The Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external single-user access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem.
Page 20 The Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers provide the following features: • Ethernet LAN connection at 10 megabits per second (Mbps) or 100 Mbps – Internal four port 10/100 switch (Model RT314 router) – Single 10/100 port (Model RT311 router) –...
Page 21: Autosensing 10/100 Ethernet
Free technical support seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day Autosensing 10/100 Ethernet The Model RT311 and RT314 routers connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. The local LAN interface is autosensing and is capable of full-duplex operation.
Page 22: Security
PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always-on connection by simulating a dial-up connection. Security The Model RT311 and RT314 routers are equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section. •...
Page 23: Maintenance And Support
• Visual monitoring The Model RT311 and RT314 routers’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity. Maintenance and Support NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the Model RT311 and RT314 routers: •...
Page 24 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers Introduction...
Page 25: Setting Up The Hardware
• Support Information Card If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the router for repair. Setting Up the Hardware...
Page 26: Local Network Hardware Requirements
The Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router is intended for use in a network of personal computers (PCs) that are interconnected by twisted-pair Ethernet cables. PC Requirements To install and run the Model RT311 and RT314 routers over your network of PCs, each PC must have the following: •...
Page 27: The Router's Front Panel
The Router’s Front Panel The front panels of the Model RT311 router contain status LEDs. Key: 1 = PWR (Power) LED 2 = TEST LED 3 = LOCAL LAN LNK/ACT (Link/Activity) and 100M LEDs 4 = INTERNET LNK/ACT (Link/Activity) LED Figure 2-1.
Page 28 You can use some of the LEDs to verify connections. the front panel of the router. These LEDs are green when lit. Table 2-1. LED Descriptions Label Activity PWR (Power) TEST Blinking LOCAL LNK/ACT (Link/Activity) Blinking 100 (100 Mbps) INTERNET LNK/ACT (Link/Activity) Blinking Table 2-1...
Page 29: The Router's Rear Panel
The Router’s Rear Panel The rear panels of the Model RT311 router and Model RT314 router are shown in Figure 2-4. Refer to these diagrams to identify all the ports on the router when you attempt to make any connections.
Page 30: Connecting The Router
Connecting the Model RT311 router to your Local Area Network The Model RT311 router has a single port for connection to your local network. This port is wired as a host rather than a hub, and is intended to connect to a hub or switch in your network. To connect the Model RT311 router to your LAN: •...
Page 31: Connecting To Your Internet Access Device
Note: The attached modem device must provide a standard 10BASE-T Ethernet connection. The Model RT311 and RT314 routers do not include a cable for this connection. Instead, use the Ethernet cable provided with your access device or any other standard 10BASE-T Ethernet cable.
Page 32: Connecting The Power Adapter
Plug the other end into a serial port (such as COM1 or COM2) of your PC. Note: You must use a 9-pin to 25-pin adapter if your PC has only a 25-pin port available. Connecting the Power Adapter To connect the router to the power adapter: Plug the connector of the power adapter into the 12 VDC adapter outlet on the rear panel of the router.
Page 33: Preparing Your Network
This chapter describes how to prepare your PC network to connect to the Internet through the Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router and how to order broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP). Preparing Your Personal Computers for IP Networking The Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers use the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
Page 34: Configuring Windows 95 Or Later For Ip Networking
“Appendix B, “Networks, Routing, and Firewall The Model RT311 and RT314 routers are shipped preconfigured as a DHCP server. The router assigns the following TCP/IP configuration information automatically when the PCs are rebooted: •...
Page 35 You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks.
Page 36: Configuring Tcp/Ip Properties
The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from the internal DHCP server of the Model RT311 and RT314 routers. Note: If an ISP technician configured your PC during the installation of a broadband modem, or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP, you may need to copy the current configuration information for use in the configuration of your router.
Page 37: Configuring The Macintosh For Ip Networking
Select your Ethernet adapter. The window is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends: • The IP address is between 192.168.0.2 and 192.168.0.31 •...
Page 38: Verifying Tcp/Ip Properties (Macintosh)
TCP/IP Control Panel. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP. The panel is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends: •...
Page 39: Your Internet Account
Your Internet Account For access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using an external broadband access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a PC.
Page 40: Obtaining Isp Configuration Information (Windows)
As mentioned above, you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the Model RT311 and RT314 routers. Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information.
Page 41: Obtaining Isp Configuration Information (Macintosh)
As mentioned above, you may need to collect configuration information from your Macintosh so that you can use this information when you configure the Model RT311 and RT314 routers. Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information.
Page 42: Ready For Configuration
Ready for Configuration After configuring all of your PCs for TCP/IP networking and connecting them to the LOCAL network of your Model RT311 and RT314 routers, you are ready to access and configure the router. Proceed to the next chapter.
Page 43: Initial Configuration Of The Router
This chapter describes how to perform the initial configuration of your Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router using the Setup Wizard, which walks you through the configuration process. Configuring for Internet Access In order to use the browser-based Web Configuration Manager, your PC must have a web browser program installed such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.
Page 44 A login window opens as shown in Figure 4-1. Login window Type in the User Name box, admin If your router password was previously changed, enter the current password. In the opening screen, shown in Figure 4-2. Browser-based configuration main menu Figure 4-1 below:.
Page 45 In the first Wizard screen, enter your account’s Host Name and Domain Name, as shown in Figure 4-3 below: Figure 4-3. Browser-based Setup Wizard, first screen These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s services such as mail or news servers. If you leave the Domain Name field blank, the router will attempt to learn the domain automatically from the ISP.
Page 46 Click on Next to go to the ISP Parameters screen, shown in Figure 4-4. Browser-based Setup Wizard, second screen This screen determines whether a login program will be run. If your service provider does not require a login program, leave Encapsulation as Ethernet and proceed to Step 9.
Page 47 • If provided by your ISP, enter your PPTP IP Address and the Server IP Address of their PPTP Server. • If provided by your ISP, enter the Connection ID/Name for your service. Otherwise leave this field blank. Proceed to Step 9. If your service provider is RoadRunner AND you are required to run a RoadRunner login program, leave Encapsulation as Ethernet and select Service Type as either RR-Manager or RR-Toshiba.
Page 48 Click on Finish. Click on the NETGEAR website address to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute, refer to “Troubleshooting”. Your router is now configured to provide Internet access for your network. When your router and PCs are configured correctly, your router automatically accesses the Internet when one of your LAN devices requires access.
Page 49: Advanced Configuration Of The Router
Advanced Configuration of the Router This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router. These features can be found by clicking on the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.
Page 50: Dynamic Dns
To utilize this service, you must register with the Dynamic DNS service provider, who will give you a password or key. At this time, the Model RT311 and RT314 routers only support DynDNS service. For more information, visit www.dyndns.org.
Page 51: Lan Setup
LAN Setup Menu DHCP The Model RT311 and RT314 routers have the capability to act as a DHCP server, allowing them to assign IP, DNS, and default gateway addresses to attached PCs. The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router. IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu.
Page 52: Lan Tcp/Ip
Table 5-2 lists and describes the fields to use for setting up DHCP parameters.. Table 5-2. DHCP Setup Fields Field DHCP Server: Pool Starting Address Count Primary DNS Server Secondary DNS Server LAN TCP/IP Table 5-3 lists and describes the fields to use for setting up TCP/IP parameters for the LAN... Table 5-3.
Page 53 This field determines the format and broadcasting method of any RIP (Routing Information Protocol) transmissions by the router. The following RIP options are supported by the Model RT311 router: • RIP-1—The router sends RIP-1 messages only. • RIP-2B—The router sends RIP-2 messages in broadcast format.
Page 54: Configuring For Port Forwarding To Local Servers
Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers Although the router causes your entire local network to appear as a single machine to the Internet, you can make local servers for different services (for example, FTP or HTTP) visible and available to the Internet.
Page 55: Local Web And Ftp Server Example
Use the PORTS menu to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to IP addresses on your local network based on the port number. In addition to servers for specific protocols, you can also specify a Default (also called DMZ) Server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded.
Page 56: Local Game Host Or Videoconference Example
Local Game Host or Videoconference Example Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The Model Model RT311 and RT314 routers are programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well.
Page 57 To add or edit a Static Route, select a number and click the Edit button to open the Edit Menu, shown in Figure 5-4 Figure 5-4. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu Table 5-5 lists and describes the fields for the IP Static Route Edit menu. Table 5-5.
Page 58: Static Route Example
Table 5-5. Edit IP Static Route Fields (continued) Field Description Metric Enter the cost in ‘hops’ of transmission for routing purposes. IP routing uses hop counts as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of 1 for directly connected networks. Enter a number that approximates the cost for this link. The number does not have to be precise, but it must be between 1 and 16.
Page 59 In this case you must define a static route, telling your router that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192.168.100. The static route would look like Figure 5-5. Static Route Example In this example: • The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.
Page 60 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 5-12 Advanced Configuration of the Router...
Page 61: Maintenance
Chapter 6 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router. These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.
Page 62 This screen shows the following parameters: Table 6-1. Menu 3.2 - System Status Fields Field System Name Router Firmware Version WAN Port IP Address IP Subnet Mask DHCP LAN Port IP Address IP Subnet Mask DHCP Description This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. This field displays the router firmware version.
Page 63 Click on the “Show Statistics” button to display router usage statistics, as shown in below: Figure 6-2. Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics:. Table 6-2. Router Statistics Fields Field Description Port The statistics for the WAN (Internet) and LAN (local) ports. For each port, the screen displays: Status The link status of the port.
Page 64: Dhcp Table
Software Upgrade The routing software of the Model RT311 and RT314 routers is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR. Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear's website. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the binary (.BIN) file before sending it to the router.
Page 65: Erase The Configuration
Note: When uploading software to the Model RT311 and RT314 routers, it is important not to interrupt the Web browser by closing the window, clicking a link, or loading a new page. If the browser is interrupted, it may corrupt the software. When the upload is complete, your router will automatically restart.
Page 66 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers Maintenance...
Page 67: Using The Manager Interface For Initial Router Configuration
Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router This chapter contains information about basic configuration for your Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router using the internal Manager interface. The initial configuration consists of: – accessing the Manager, – naming the router, –...
Page 68: Connecting Through A Serial Port
Connecting Through a Serial Port You can access the internal Manager interface through a serial port by using a VT100 terminal or by using a terminal-emulation program on your PC or workstation. If you are using Windows, for example, Microsoft ®...
Page 69 Click on OK. The router should respond with a “Password:” prompt. Type the current password to access the Manager interface. The default password is 1234. .When using Telnet, consider the following restrictions: • Single administrator To prevent confusion and discrepancy on the configuration, the router allows only one terminal connection at any time.
Page 70: Using The Manager Interface
Using the Manager Interface Turning on Power to the Router When power is first applied to the router, several internal tests are performed by the router. Your Internet line is initialized at this time. During the initialization, the start-up display is transmitted over the serial Manager port, as illustrated in visible from a serial connection, as the router will not accept a Telnet connection until initialization is complete.
Page 71 [Enter] to display the password screen again. If you are logged out of a Telnet session, you must open a new Telnet session. Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router Configuration RT311 Main Menu Advanced Management 21. Filter Set Configuration 23.
Page 72: Navigating The Manager
Navigating the Manager The Manager is the interface that you use to configure your router. commands that enable you to navigate through the Manager menus. Table 7-1. Manager Menu Commands Action Description Move forward to Enter the number of the submenu and press [Enter]. another menu Move back to a Press [Esc].
Page 73 Table 7-2. Manager Menu Summary (continued) Number Menu Title Internet Access Setup Remote Node Setup Static Routing Setup SUA Server Setup Filter Set Configuration Set up filters to be used in Menu 3 and Menu 4 to provide security System Password System Maintenance Exit Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router Configuration...
Page 74: General Setup Menu
General Setup Menu The General Setup Menu contains administrative and system-related information, such as the router name. To enter administrative and system-related information: Enter 1 from the Main Menu to display Menu 1 - General Setup, as illustrated in Figure 7-3.
Page 75: Wan Setup
WAN Setup Menu 2 enables you to configure the 10 Mbps Ethernet port to a broadband modem device, such as a cable or DSL modem. This port is labeled INTERNET on the rear panel of the router. Figure 7-4 shows Menu 2 - WAN Setup. Menu 2 - WAN Setup MAC Address: Assigned By= Factory default...
Page 76: Lan Setup
LAN Setup Menu 3 enables you to configure the Ethernet LAN parameters, including filters, DHCP, and IP address information. These parameters specify the behavior of the router’s local port. From the Main Menu, enter 3 to display Menu 3 - LAN Setup Menu 3 - LAN Setup 1.
Page 77: Tcp/Ip And Dhcp Setup
Device Filters TCP/IP and DHCP Setup The Model RT311 and RT314 routers have the capability to act as a DHCP server, allowing them to assign IP, DNS, and default gateway addresses to attached PCs or workstations. The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router, as set in the TCP/IP section. Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN.
Page 78 Table 7-5 lists and describes the fields to use for setting up TCP/IP and DHCP parameters in Menu 3.2. When you finish entering information in all of the fields, press [Enter] at the prompt Press ENTER to Confirm. Your selections are saved. Press [Esc] at any time to cancel the entries you have made.
Page 79: Manager Password Setup
This field determines the format and broadcasting method of any RIP (Routing Information Protocol) transmissions by the router. The following RIP options are supported by the Model RT311 router: • RIP-1—The router sends RIP-1 messages only. • RIP-2B—The router sends RIP-2 messages in broadcast format.
Page 80 Menu 23 - System Password Old Password= ? New Password= ? Retype to confirm= ? Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL: Figure 7-6. Menu 23 - System Password Enter your previous system password, and press [Enter]. Enter your new system password, and press [Enter]. Enter your new system password again for confirmation, and press [Enter].
Page 81: Internet Access Configuration
Using the Manager Interface to Configure the This chapter describes how to configure your Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers for Internet access using the internal Manager interface. For information about using the Manager interface, refer to Chapter 7, “Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router Configuration.”...
Page 82 Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup ISP's Name= ChangeMe Encapsulation= Ethernet Service Type= Standard My Login= N/A My Password= N/A Login Server IP= N/A IP Address Assignment= Dynamic IP Address= N/A IP Subnet Mask= N/A Gateway IP Address= N/A Single User Account= Yes Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel: Figure 8-1.
Page 83: Configuration For Local Servers
Select Standard. If your Service Type is RoadRunner and your RoadRunner region requires the login program: Select the RoadRunner login program used in your region. Enter the login name and password provided by RoadRunner. If RoadRunner provided an authentication server address, enter it as Login Server IP address.
Page 84: Local Web And Ftp Server Example
Use Menu 15, SUA Server Setup, to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to IP addresses on your local network based on the port number. In addition to servers for specific protocols, you can also specify a default server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded.
Page 85: Local Game Host Or Videoconference Example
Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The Model Model RT311 and RT314 routers are programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, one local PC can run the application properly if that PC’s IP address is entered as the default...
Page 86 Press [Enter]. The command interpreter displays the static IP routing table as shown in the example in Figure 8-3. ras> ip rout stat Dest FF Len Interface 192.168.0.0 00 24 enif0 default 00 0 enif1 ras> Figure 8-3. IP Static Routing Table Example In this example, the first route shown is the local Ethernet subnet connected to the LOCAL interface (enif0).
Page 87 Menu 12.1 - Edit IP Static Route Route #: 1 Route Name= ? Active= No Destination IP Address= ? IP Subnet Mask= ? Gateway IP Address= ? Metric= 2 Private= No Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel: Figure 8-4. Menu 12.1 - Edit IP Static Route Enter settings for the static route entry.
Page 88: Static Route Example
• Your company’s network is 134.177.0.0. When you first configured your Model Model RT311 and RT314 routers, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.x.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the 134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the...
Page 89 Menu 12.1 - Edit IP Static Route Route #: 1 Route Name= company Active= Yes Destination IP Address= 134.177.0.0 IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.0.0 Gateway IP Address= 192.168.0.10 Metric= 2 Private= Yes Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel: Figure 8-5. Static Route Example In this example: •...
Page 90: Dynamic Dns
Dynamic DNS You can configure your router to register its dynamically assigned IP address with a dynamic DNS service by configuring Menu 1.1, shown in account with DynDNS.org. Refer to www.dyndns.org for more information. Menu 1.1 - Configure Dynamic DNS Service Provider= WWW.DynDNS.ORG Active= No Host=...
Page 91: Using The Manager Interface For System Maintenance
Using the Manager Interface for System Maintenance The Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router provides tools for maintenance and diagnostics. These tools include displays of system status and connections, log and trace capabilities, and upgrades to the system software. This chapter describes the use of these tools.
Page 92 100M/Full Port Ethernet Address 00:a0:c5:e0:a0:a5 00:a0:c5:e0:a0:a4 System up Time: 0:26:05 Name: RT311 Routing: IP RAS F/W Version: V3.00(M.00) | 5/31/2000 COMMANDS: 1-Drop WAN Figure 9-2. Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance - Status System Status System Information and Console Port Speed...
Page 93 Table 9-1 lists the commands used in the System Maintenance - Status menu. Table 9-1. System Maintenance Status Command Field Name Enter 1 Drop WAN Enter 9 Reset counters [Esc] Table 9-2 lists the fields for Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance Status. These fields are read-only fields.
Page 94: Terminal Baud Rate
Terminal Baud Rate You can change the baud rate of the serial Manager connection using Menu 24.2.2 - System Maintenance - Change Console Port Speed. The router supports 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115200 bits per second (bps) for the serial connection. To change the rate, toggle the selection using the space bar.
Page 95: Syslog And Accounting
Syslog and Accounting Syslog and Accounting can be configured in Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting. Menu 24.3.2 configures the router to send UNIX system logs to another machine. You must configure the parameters to activate syslog Table 9-4.
Page 96: Diagnostic Menu
Reboot the router. From the Main Menu, enter 24 to display Menu 24 - System Maintenance. Enter 4 to display Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic, shown in / name_of_log_file /var/log/rt311.log Figure Using the Manager Interface for System Maintenance 9-3.
Page 97 Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance- Diagnostic TCP/IP 1. Ping Host 2. WAN DHCP Release 3. WAN DHCP Renewal 4. Internet Setup Test System 11. Reboot System Enter Menu Selection Number: Figure 9-3. Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic From the Main Menu, enter 24 to display Menu 24 - System Maintenance. Enter 4 to display Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic.
Page 98: Back Up And Restore Configuration
You can also use the configuration file to configure a new router of the same type if it becomes necessary to replace the router. NETGEAR highly recommends backing up your router configuration after the router is functioning. You can perform the backup and restore operations through a serial connection using a terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerm), or over the LAN using the Telnet protocol and a third-party FTP program.
Page 99: Backing Up And Restoring The Configuration Using Ftp
The procedure for receiving or sending the configuration file varies depending on the type of terminal software used to access the router. Backing Up and Restoring the Configuration Using FTP To back up or restore the configuration file over the LAN, you must have an FTP client program. Windows includes an FTP client program that can be accessed using the Start button and Run menu.
Page 100: Updating Router Software Using Ftp
Note: NETGEAR recommends that you change the Manager port baud rate to 38400 or higher before updating the software using the serial port. Doing so results in an update time of 5 to 10 minutes. To update the software: Establish a serial connection with the router.
Page 101: Command Interpreter Mode
This mode allows you to diagnose, test, and configure your router using a script or specified set of commands. To see a list of valid commands, type “help” at the command prompt. For more detailed information, go to the NETGEAR Web site, www.netgear.com. Using the Manager Interface for System Maintenance...
Page 102 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 9-12 Using the Manager Interface for System Maintenance...
Page 103: Configuring Filters
Windows PC in a file called \windows\services. The Model RT311 and RT314 routers allow you to customize filter sets according to your needs. The following sections describe how to configure the filter sets for your router.
Page 104: Configuring A Filter Set
When implementing these filter sets, you can link up to four of the filter sets to screen the data packet. Therefore, with each filter set having up to six rules, you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single filtering application. Configuring a Filter Set To configure a filter set: Select option 21 from the Main Menu.
Page 105 When you have finished filling in the Edit Comments field, press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Confirm... prompt to confirm your selections, or press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections. The new information is displayed in the read-only section of Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration.
Page 106 Table 10-1. Abbreviations Used in Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary (continued) Abbreviation Description Refers to Action Matched. F means to forward the packet, D means to drop the packet, and N means to check the next rule. Refers to Action Not Matched. F means to forward the packet, D means to drop the packet, and N means to check the next rule.
Page 107 Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule Filter #: 1,1 Filter Type= TCP/IP Filter Rule Active= Yes IP Protocol= 17 Destination: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0 Source: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0 TCP Estab= N/A More= No Action Matched= Drop Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel: Figure 10-3.
Page 108: Configuring A Filter Rule
Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers Configuring a Filter Rule You can configure two types of filter rules. Some of the parameters differ depending on the type of rule. When you first enter the filter rule menu, Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule is displayed.
Page 109 Table 10-4. TCP/IP Filter Rule Fields Field Descriptions Active Make the filter rule active (Yes) or inactive (No). IP Protocol Protocol refers to the IP-specific number of the protocol. The range for the value entered in this field should be between 0 and 255 (for example, 6 refers to the TCP protocol).
Page 110 Table 10-4. TCP/IP Filter Rule Fields (continued) Field Descriptions TCP Estab This field is dependent upon the IP Protocol field. This field is inactive (N/A) unless the value in that field is 6 (TCP protocol). Determine what type of TCP packets to filter, from the following two options: •...
Page 111: Generic Filter Rule
Generic Filter Rule This section provides information about configuring the protocol-independent parameters for a generic filter rule for your router. Menu 21.1.1 - Generic Filter Rule, press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Confirm... prompt to confirm your selections. Press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections. The data entered is displayed on Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary.
Page 112: Applying A Filter Set
Table 10-5. Generic Filter Rule Fields (continued) Field Description Determine if you want to log the results of packets attempting to pass the filter rule. These results are displayed on the System Log (see Seven options are available: • None—No packets are logged (default). •...
Page 113: Default Filters
Default Filters The Model RT311 router is preconfigured with the three filters shown in and in this section. Filter 1: NetBIOS_WAN The NetBIOS_WAN filter is an IP protocol filter used to prevent the sending of Windows NetBIOS name service packets to the ISP. The ports used by NetBIOS name service are: •...
Page 114 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers Press ENTER to display Menu 11.5. Note: When you have made changes to Menu 11.5, you must also save Menu 11.1 in order for your changes to be saved.
Page 115: Troubleshooting
• Check that you are using the 12 V DC power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product. If the error persists, you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.
Page 116: Test Led Never Blinks Or Led Stays On
— If you are connecting a Model RT311 router directly to a workstation or to the uplink (MDI) port of a hub, use the red crossover cable. — If you are connecting a Model RT311 router to a normal (MDI-X) hub port, use the white straight-through cable.
Page 117: Troubleshooting The Isp Connection
Manager interface. To check the WAN IP address from the browser interface: Launch your browser and select an external site such as www.netgear.com Access the Main Menu of the router’s configuration at http://192.168.0.1 Troubleshooting to find your PC’s IP address.
Page 118 Under the Advanced heading, click on Maintenance Check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port If 0.0.0.0 is shown, your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP. To check the WAN IP address from the Manager interface: If your system uses a login script such as PPPoE or RoadRunner, go to Manager interface Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic and select Internet Setup Test.
Page 119: Troubleshooting A Tcp/Ip Network Using A Ping Utility
Configure your router to spoof your PC’s MAC address. This can be done in Manager Menu 2, or in the browser-based Setup Wizard. If your router can obtain an IP address, but your PC is unable to load any web pages from the Internet: •...
Page 120 You should see a message like this one: Pinging <IP address> with 32 bytes of data If the path is working, you see this message: Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx If the path is not working, you see this message: Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems: •...
Page 121: Testing The Path From Your Pc To A Remote Device
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device After verifying that the LAN path works correctly, test the path from your PC to a remote device: • From the Windows run menu, type PING -n 10 followed by the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP’s DNS server.
Page 122: Restoring The Default Configuration And Password
You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults by uploading the utility file romfile0.311, which can be found in the directory in which FirstGear was installed. This file is also available on the NETGEAR Web site. This procedure restores the Manager password to 1234 and sets the Manager baud rate to 9600.
Page 123: Using Ftp
Starting XMODEM upload... From your terminal program, send the binary file romfile0.311 using XMODEM transfer protocol. Wait for the following message: Programming successful... Restart the router. Using FTP To restore the configuration file over the LAN, you must have an FTP client program. Windows includes an FTP client program that can be accessed using the Start button and Run menu.
Page 124 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 11-10 Troubleshooting...
Page 125: Technical Specifications
This appendix provides technical specifications for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers. General Specifications Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols: Power Adapter North America: United Kingdom, Australia: Europe: Japan: All regions (output): Technical Specifications...
Page 126 Physical Specifications Dimensions: Weight: Environmental Specifications Operating temperature: Operating humidity: Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of: Interface Specifications LAN: WAN: Manager: 253 by 181 by 35 mm 9.95 by 7.1 by 1.4 in. 1.1 kg 2.5 lb. 0 to 40 C 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing FCC Part 15 Class B VCCI Class B...
Page 127: Network And Routing Basics
Appendix B Network and Routing Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks and routing. Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network (LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive.
Page 128: Routing Information Protocol
Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of physical WAN connection they support. The FR314 Cable/DSL Firewall Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broadband connection. Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
Page 129 There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP software to identify the address class.
Page 130: Netmask
• Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are in this range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. • Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use. This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network.
Page 131: Subnet Addressing
Reference Guide for the Model FR314 Cable/DSL Firewall Router Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number.
Page 132 Note: The number 192.68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the first subnet. The number 192.68.135.128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet. The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits.
Page 133: Private Ip Addresses
Netmask Formats 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.254 255.255.255.255 NETGEAR strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons: • So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address.
Page 134: Single Ip Address Operation Using Nat
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past, if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously, you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP. This type of Internet account is more costly than a single-address account typically used by a single user with a modem, rather than a router.
Page 135: Mac Addresses And Address Resolution Protocol
Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www.NETGEAR.com. This addressing is very helpful at the application level, but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource. Just as...
Page 136: Ip Configuration By Dhcp
IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP-based local area network is installed, each PC must be configured with an IP address. If the PCs need to access the Internet, they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses. As an alternative to manual configuration, there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information.
Page 137: Uplink Switches And Crossover Cables
Reference Guide for the Model FR314 Cable/DSL Firewall Router Uplink Switches and Crossover Cables In the wiring table, the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC. For example, the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2. At the hub, the perspective is reversed, and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2.
Page 138 Reference Guide for the Model FR314 Cable/DSL Firewall Router B-12 Network and Routing Basics...
Page 139: Glossary
See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. See Domain Name Server. Domain Name Server A Domain Name Server (DNS) resolves descriptive names of network resources (such as www.netgear.com) to numeric IP addresses. Dynamic Host An Ethernet protocol that provides a centralized administration point for Configuration assigning network configuration information.
Page 140 See local area network. local area network A communications network serving users within a limited geographical area, such as one floor of a building, controlled by a network operating system and using a transport protocol. MAC address Media Access Control address. A unique 48-bit hardware address assigned to every Ethernet node.
Page 141 Request For Comment. Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. RFCs can be found at www.ietf.org. See Routing Information Protocol. router A device that forwards data between networks. An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses.
Page 142 Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers Glossary...
Page 143 Action Matched/Not Matched field Generic Filter Rule menu 10-10 TCP/IP Filter Rule menu 10-8 Active field Edit IP Static Route menu 5-9, 8-7 Generic Filter Rule menu 10-9 Syslog and Accounting menu 9-5 TCP/IP Filter Rule menu 10-7 Address Resolution Protocol B-9 Alcatel ANT 4-4 cables 2-7 cables, pinout B-10...
Page 144 filter type, Generic IP 10-4 filters, configuring 10-1 front panel 2-3 FTP 9-9, 11-9 FTP, updating the router software 9-10 gateway address 3-8, 3-9 Gateway IP Address field, Edit IP Static Route menu 5-9, 8-7 General Setup menu 7-8 Generic Filter Rule menu 10-9 host name 4-3, 7-8 IANA contacting B-2...
Page 145 DHCP 1-3, B-10 Routing Information 1-3, B-2 support 1-2 publications, related xv RAS S/W Version, System Maintenance menu 9-3 rear panel 2-5 rear panel, RT311 2-5 rear panel, RT314 2-5 requirements access device 2-2 hardware 2-2 restore factory settings 6-5...
Page 146 Setup Wizard 4-1 single user account, configuring for 8-3 software, updating 9-9 Source field, TCP/IP Filter Rule menu 10-7 static route setup 8-5 subnet addressing B-5 subnet mask 3-8, 3-9, B-5 Syslog and Accounting menu 9-5 Syslog IP Address field, Syslog and Accounting menu syslogd 9-5 System Maintenance menu 9-1, 9-3 TCP Estab field, TCP/IP Filter Rule menu 10-8...

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Rt314

NETGEAR RT311 Reference Manual

About this Guide

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Setting up the Hardware

Chapter 3 Preparing Your Network

Chapter 4 Initial Configuration of the Router

Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration of the Router

Chapter 6 Maintenance

Chapter 7 Using the Manager Interface for Initial Router Configuration

Chapter 8 Using the Manager Interface to Configure the Router for Internet Access

Chapter 9 Using the Manager Interface for System Maintenance

Chapter 10 Configuring Filters

Chapter 11 Troubleshooting

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Appendix B Network and Routing Basics

Glossary

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

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