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The distortion observed in Figure 1.11 can be modeled as the sum of several sinusoidal waveforms
of frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental 60 Hz frequency. This modeling is performed
by mathematically disassembling the distorted waveform into a collection of higher frequency
waveforms. These higher frequency waveforms are referred to as harmonics. Figure 1.12 shows the
content of the harmonic frequencies that make up the distortion portion of the waveform in Figure
1.11.
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The waveforms shown in Figure 1.12 are not smoothed but do provide an indication of the impact of
combining multiple harmonic frequencies together.
When harmonics are present it is important to remember that these quantities are operating at higher
frequencies. Therefore, they do not always respond in the same manner as 60 Hz values.
Electro Industries/GaugeTech
Total A Phase Current with Harmonics
33
Figure 1.11: Distorted Current Wave
Expanded Harm onic Currents
2 Harmonic Current
3 Harmonic Current
7 Harmonic Current
A Current Total Hrm
Figure 1.12: Waveforms of the Harmonics
Doc # E107706 V1.25
65
5 Harmonic Current
1-11
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