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Tektronix TriMode P7600 Series Technical Reference
Tektronix TriMode P7600 Series Technical Reference

Tektronix TriMode P7600 Series Technical Reference

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Summary of Contents for Tektronix TriMode P7600 Series

  • Page 1 T h e t e s t & me a s u r e me n t e q u i p me n t y o u n e e d a t t h e p r i c e y o u w a n t . A l l t e s t I n s t r u me n t s , I n c .
  • Page 2 P7600 Series TriMode™ Probes Technical Reference *P077068003* 077-0680-03...
  • Page 4 P7600 Series TriMode™ Probes Technical Reference www.tek.com 077-0680-03...
  • Page 5 Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material.
  • Page 6 Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.
  • Page 8 Table of Contents General safety summary ..................Preface ......................Theory of Operation....................Introduction..................... TriMode Operation .................... Operating Voltages..................... Input Impedance and Probe Loading ............... Scale Factor ....................Probing Techniques to Maximize Measurement Fidelity ..........Reference ......................Single-Ended Measurements Using A and B Modes ............. Differential Measurements...................
  • Page 9 Table of Contents List of Figures Figure 1: Adapters for the P7600 Series probes ..............Figure 2: Probe Tip Selection screen ................Figure 3: TriMode input structure ................Figure 4: Typical TriMode Probe Setup screen ..............Figure 5: Probe inputs ..................... Figure 6: Operating voltage window ................
  • Page 10 Table of Contents List of Tables Table 1: Offset ranges..................... Table 2: Warranted electrical characteristics ..............Table 3: Warranted environmental characteristics ............. Table 4: Typical electrical characteristics............... Table 5: Typical mechanical characteristics ..............Table 6: Nominal electrical characteristics ..............Table 7: Nominal adapter electrical characteristics............Table 8: TriMode probes replaceable parts ..............
  • Page 11 General safety summary General safety summary Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified. Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures. While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system.
  • Page 12 General safety summary Terms in this manual These terms may appear in this manual: WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life. CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property.
  • Page 13 General safety summary P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 14 Preface This manual discusses topics that are not covered in depth in the P7600 Series TriMode Probes Quick Start User Manual. The main sections are: Theory of Operation — Contains probe details not covered in the user manual. Reference — Contains information about differential measurements and how to increase measurement accuracy.
  • Page 15 Preface viii P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 16 Theory of Operation This section discusses operating considerations and probing techniques. For more detailed information about differential measurements and TriMode operation, refer to Reference. (See page 23.) Introduction The P7600 Series TriMode Probes are designed for use with DPO70000SX, MSO/DPO70000DX, and DPO/DSA70000D series oscilloscopes. These oscilloscope models feature an extended-bandwidth version of the TekConnect probe interface designed to support bandwidths up to 33 GHz.
  • Page 17 Theory of Operation A mechanical latch and retention thumbscrew hold the probe securely to the instrument during use. The thumbscrew is only intended to be finger-tightened, and is machined to prevent tools from being used to over-torque it. To remove the probe, loosen the thumbscrew counterclockwise, depress the latch button to release the probe, and then pull out the probe.
  • Page 18 Theory of Operation Figure 1: Adapters for the P7600 Series probes 1. P76CA-292: 2.92 mm Coax Adapter 2. P76CA-292C: 2.92 mm Coax Adapter with cables 3. P76CA-SMP: SMP Coax Adapter with cables 4. P76TA: P7500 TriMode Solder Tip Adapter (shown with P75PST Performance Solder Tip) Use the P76CA-292 adapter with high bandwidth, low skew (<2 ps) cable pairs that have short (<6 in) lengths and high-quality male 2.92 mm connectors at the...
  • Page 19 Theory of Operation P7500 Series solder tips. These tips are used with the P76TA adapter to make soldered connections to the DUT. You must manually choose the solder tip that you are using in the Probe Tip Selection screen. (See Figure 2.) This enables the correct DSP filtering to be used for your measurements.
  • Page 20 Theory of Operation Probe Input Architecture The input structure of the probe adapters differ between the coaxial and solder tip versions, and are discussed below. Coaxial Adapters. When a P76CA-xxx coaxial adapter is attached to a P7600 Series probe, it provides a low VSWR, 50 ohm terminated input for taking TriMode differential signaling measurements.
  • Page 21 Theory of Operation TriMode Operation The TriMode feature of the P7600 Series probes is designed for improved convenience and enhanced capability in measuring differential signal quality. Since a differential signal is composed of two complementary single-ended signals, full characterization of differential signal quality requires more than a simple differential measurement.
  • Page 22 Theory of Operation Figure 3: TriMode input structure On oscilloscopes that provide full TriMode support, the oscilloscope-controlled probe GUI (graphical-user interface) can perform a Probe Compensation operation on all Input Modes and Attenuation Settings at once using the Probe DC Calibration fixture that is supplied with the P7600 Series probe.
  • Page 23 Theory of Operation Operating Voltages The P7600 Series probes are designed to probe low-voltage circuits. Before probing a circuit, take into account the limits for the operating voltages discussed in this section. Input voltage Operating voltage window Input signal dynamic range Offset voltage Termination voltage Figure 5: Probe inputs...
  • Page 24 Theory of Operation Operating Voltage Window The operating voltage window defines the maximum voltage that you can apply to each input, with respect to earth ground, without saturating the probe input circuitry. (See Figure 6.) A common-mode voltage that exceeds the operating voltage window may produce an erroneous output waveform even when the dynamic range specification is met.
  • Page 25 Theory of Operation Offset Voltage The probe A and B signal inputs are sensed, monitored, and averaged by probe internal circuitry and the sensed values are used by the automatic Offset Voltage Set control buttons. Two Set control buttons are available; set Individually and set to Mean.
  • Page 26 Termination Voltage When the probe is used with a coaxial tip, it operates like an SMA-input probe similar to the Tektronix P7313SMA differential probe. Like an SMA-input probe, the P7600 Series probe and a coaxial adapter features a user-adjustable termination voltage, VTERM, which can be controlled independently for both the A and B probe inputs.
  • Page 27 Theory of Operation Autoset of Offset and You can set both the offset and termination voltages to levels that are unique for each input mode. For reference, the TriMode Input Mode field displays the active Termination Voltage input mode in the Offset area of the Probe Setup screen. Figure 9: Probe Setup screen Offset Voltage.
  • Page 28 Theory of Operation Termination Voltage. The termination voltage control sets an adjustable DC voltage which drives the far end of the input termination resistor with a current limited DC termination voltage. It is generally used to minimize the DC loading of the probe on the input signal.
  • Page 29 Theory of Operation Input Impedance and Probe Loading When you connect the probe inputs to a circuit, you are introducing a new resistance, capacitance, and inductance into the circuit. Coaxial Adapters Each input of the P76CA–xxx adapters provides a 50 Ω transmission line signal path from its input connector to the termination resistor at the probe amplifier input.
  • Page 30 Theory of Operation Solder Tip Adapter The P76TA adapter provides a probe tip connection interface that enables P7500 Series TriMode probe tips to be attached to a P7600 Series probe. P7500 Series probe tips have a nominal 5X attenuation structure when used with a 50 Ω input termination device like the P7600 Series probes.
  • Page 31 Theory of Operation Scale Factor In many of the high-frequency signaling standards that the P7600 Series probes are designed for, a 50 Ω termination at the transmitter is in parallel with another 50 Ω termination at the end of the transmission line path, effectively making a 25 Ω...
  • Page 32 Theory of Operation Probing Techniques to Maximize Measurement Fidelity Measurement fidelity is an indication of how accurately a probe represents the signal being measured. The measurement fidelity of the probe is best when the probe is connected to the circuit with the P76CA-xxx probe adapters. The P76CA-292C and P76CA-SMP adapters both include a pair of 6 inch, low-loss, skew-matched cables.
  • Page 33 Theory of Operation SMD0402 damping resistors and a set of vias for wire attachment to the DUT (Device Under Test). The circuit board vias are designed for both 4 mil and 8 mil wire, and a special high tensile strength wire is supplied as part of the wire accessory kit.
  • Page 34 Theory of Operation Because of the limited mechanical strength of the wire interconnect and probe tip circuit board, the solder-down probe tip should be taped down at the DUT for strain relief. Although the accessory kit includes adhesive strips that can be used for the strain relief of the probe tip, the use of mylar tape will generally provide stronger attachment if room is available at the DUT.
  • Page 35 Theory of Operation DUT Connections. The lead length of the resistor leads and connection wires between the probe tip board and the DUT must be kept as short as possible to preserve the integrity of the measured signal. Typical wire lengths range from 0.010 in.
  • Page 36 Theory of Operation Figure 17: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.010 in. of tip wire Figure 18: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.050 in. of tip wire P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 37 Theory of Operation Figure 19: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.100 in. of tip wire Figure 20: P75TLRST solder tip with 0.200 in. of tip wire P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 38 Reference This section contains information about taking measurements with the probe and increasing measurement accuracy. Single-Ended Measurements Using A and B Modes A differential probe, such as a P7600 Series probe, can be used for single-ended measurements within the limits of its dynamic and offset voltage ranges. Single-ended probes such as the P7240 typically have a wider offset range than differential probes, but with much lower bandwidth performance.
  • Page 39 Reference Differential Measurements A differential probe is optimized to measure high speed differential signals. Differential signals are formed from two complementary signals with a common reference voltage. (See Figure 21.) Devices designed for differential measurements avoid problems presented by single-ended systems. These devices include a variety of differential probes, differential amplifiers, and isolators.
  • Page 40 Reference Figure 22: Typical CMRR Assessing CMRR Error The CMRR of the P7600 Series probes is shown in graphs assuming a sinusoidal common-mode signal. A quick way to assess the magnitude of CMRR error when the common-mode signal is not sinusoidal is to connect both leads to the same point in the circuit.
  • Page 41 Reference Channel Isolation Under ideal conditions when taking single-ended measurements with a differential probe, no part of a signal applied to one input of the probe would appear on the other input. In reality some portion of the signal on one input does “bleed” over to the other input, and this effect increases with frequency.
  • Page 42 Specifications Specifications These specifications apply to the P7600 Series probes when installed on a DPO70000SX, DPO/DSA73304D, or MSO/DPO73304DX oscilloscope. The probe and oscilloscope must have a warm-up period of at least 20 minutes and be in an environment that does not exceed the allowed limits. (See Table 3.) Specifications for the P7600 Series TriMode Probes fall into three categories: warranted, typical, and nominal characteristics.
  • Page 43 Specifications Coaxial adapters Solder tip adapter Characteristic P76CA-292 P76CA-292C P76CA-SMP P76TA Input impedance Differential 450 Ω @1 GHz 200 Ω @10 GHz 150 Ω @25 GHz Single-ended 225 Ω @1 GHz 150 Ω @10 GHz 100 Ω @25 GHz Input return loss Freq to 5 GHz >20 dB >20 dB...
  • Page 44 Specifications Table 3: Warranted environmental characteristics Characteristic Specification Temperature Operating 0 to 40 °C (+32 to +104 °F) Nonoperating –20 to +60 °C (–4 to +140 °F) Humidity Operating 20–80% RH, at up to +40 °C (+104 °F) Nonoperating 5–90% RH Altitude Operating 3000 meters (10,000 feet)
  • Page 45 Specifications Table 4: Typical electrical characteristics (cont.) Coaxial adapters Solder tip adapter Characteristic P76CA-292 P76CA-292C P76CA-SMP P76TA Rise time, probe only P7633 10% –90% <14 ps <14 ps <14 ps 20% –80% <11 ps <11 ps <11 ps P7625 10% –90% <18 ps <18 ps <18 ps...
  • Page 46 Specifications The following figures show the typical rise time and frequency response of the probes. Figure 24: Typical rise time Figure 25: Typical frequency response P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 47 Specifications Figure 26: Probe body and control box dimensions P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 48 Specifications Figure 27: P7600 Series Probe adapter dimensions Figure 28: P75PST and P75TLRST solder tip dimensions P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 49 Specifications Nominal Characteristics Nominal characteristics describe guaranteed traits, but the traits do not have tolerance limits. Table 6: Nominal electrical characteristics Coaxial adapters Solder tip adapter Characteristic P76CA-292 P76CA-292C P76CA-SMP P76TA Maximum power dissipation Termination resistor 125 mW 125 mW 125 mW N.A.
  • Page 50 This section covers troubleshooting and probe maintenance. If your probe does not meet the specifications listed in the Specifications, you can send the probe to Tektronix for calibration and repair. (See page 41, Preparation for Shipment.) Error Condition The LEDs on the probe alert you to error or status conditions affecting the probe.
  • Page 51 User Service Replacing the Bullet The bullet contacts in the head of the P7600 Series TriMode Probes and the P76TA adapter should be replaced every 200 insertion cycles. The bullet contacts Contacts and removal tool differ in size between the two and cannot be interchanged. The P76TA components are larger, but the procedures are similar for both the probe and adapter.
  • Page 52 User Service Figure 29: Removing the bullets P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 53 User Service Install. When both bullets have been removed, install new bullets by doing the following: 1. Squeeze the tool plunger to extend the holder tangs. 2. Insert a new bullet into the tool so that the holder tangs surround the bullet. 3.
  • Page 54 NOTE. Axial-leaded tip resistors (included in the TriMode resistor replacement kit, Tektronix part number 020-2937-xx), should not be used in place of wires with the P75PST and P75TLRST probe tips unless the surface-mount, SMD0402 resistors are also changed. The total probe tip resistance for the P7500 Series solder tips is designed to be 175 Ω.
  • Page 55 User Service Use the following precautions when you solder the tips: For best soldering results, use a microscope to examine the quality of the solder joints. Use a low-wattage, temperature-controlled soldering iron and a small mass soldering iron tip. The soldering iron temperature should be set as low as possible, while still providing a reliable solder joint.
  • Page 56 3. Place the probe into the box and stabilize it with lightweight packing material. 4. Seal the carton with shipping tape. 5. Refer to Contacting Tektronix on the copyright page of this manual for the shipping address. P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 57 User Service P7600 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 58 Index Autoset, 12 Input impedance, 14 Replaceable parts, 35 Input signal dynamic range, 9 Rise time, 31 Input voltage, 8 Channel isolation, 26 Characteristics Safety Summary, iv Mechanical, 31 Offset voltage, 10, 12 Scale factor, 16 nominal, 34 Operating voltage window, 9 Single-ended measurements, 23 CMRR, 24 Specifications...

This manual is also suitable for:

Trimode p7240Trimode p7513Trimode p7516Trimode p7520