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Megger STVI User Manual

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Page 1 SMRT/STVI/RTMS USER MANUAL...
Page 2 Model STVI Smart Touch View Interface – Handheld Controller Model SMRT 1 Single Phase Relay Test System Model SMRT 1D. Single Phase Relay Test System Model SMRT 33/36/43/46. Three Phase Relay Test System Model SMRT 36D. Three Phase Relay Test System...
Page 3 Declaration of Conformity Hereby, Megger Instruments Limited declares that the SMRT/STVI/RTMS, manufactured by Megger Instruments Limited described in this user guide, is following Directive 2014/53/EU. The full text of Megger Instruments EU declarations of conformity is available at the following internet address:...
Page 4 Printed in the USA. Megger reserves the right to alter the specification of its products from time to time without notice. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained within this document it is not warranted or represented by Megger Limited to be a complete and up-to-date description.
Page 5 Your “One Stop” source for all your electrical test equipment needs. Battery Test Equipment Megger is a leading global manufacturer and Cable Fault Locating Equipment supplier of test and measurement instruments used within the electric power, building wiring and Circuit Breaker Test Equipment telecommunication industries.
Page 6 Caution (refer to accompanying documents) WARNING: Under no circumstances should the operator or technician attempt to open or service any Megger instrument while connected to a power source. Lethal voltages are present and may cause serious injury or death! Part 81757...
Page 7 The purpose of this equipment is limited to use as described in this instruction manual. Should a situation arise that is not covered in the general or specific safety precaution please contact Megger regional representative or Megger, Dallas Texas. Safety is the responsibility of the user. Misuse of this equipment can be extremely dangerous.
Page 8 Multi- Phase Relay Test System ..............Error! Bookmark not defined. Revision History ..................Error! Bookmark not defined. Written and designed at Megger Limited, 4545 W Davis Street, Dallas, Texas 75211-3422 USA..Error! Bookmark not defined. Safety Precautions ............................. 6 Introduction ...........................
Page 9 2.3.1.3 Display Versions (Information Screen) ..................34 2.3.1.3.1 Command button ........................34 2.3.1.4 Update Firmware ........................34 2.3.1.5 Auto Frequency ........................34 2.3.1.6 Deviation Alarm ........................34 2.3.1.7 Change State Immediately / Change on Zero Cross / Change on Master Zero ....... 34 2.3.1.8 Standard Currents button ......................
Page 10 3.1.7.4 Impedance button ........................63 3.1.7.5 Differential button ........................63 3.1.7.6 Megger GOOSE Configurator button ..................63 3.1.7.7 Megger Sampled Values Configurator button ................63 3.1.7.8 Transducer button ........................63 3.1.7.9 Meter button ..........................63 3.1.7.10 Synchronizer button ........................63 3.1.7.11...
Page 11 3.1.11 Phase Vector Screen ........................ 72 3.1.12 Binary Input Dialog Box ......................72 3.1.12.1 More button ........................... 74 3.1.12.1.1 Simple Mode button ......................74 3.1.12.1.2 Advanced button ........................74 3.1.12.1.2.1 Harmonic Waveform selection button ................74 3.1.12.1.3 Custom button ........................75 3.1.12.1.4 Symmetrical button .......................
Page 12 3.5.4.1 Setting Values ........................106 3.5.4.1.1 Show Pre-fault Conditions button ..................106 3.5.4.1.2 Show Ramp Start button ..................... 106 3.5.4.1.3 Show Ramp Increment button .................... 106 3.5.4.1.4 Show Ramp End button ...................... 106 3.5.4.2 Smooth Ramp ......................... 107 3.5.5 Ramping Battery Simulator Output ..................107 3.5.6 Overcurrent Tests ........................
Page 13 3.5.8.4.1 Phase Pickup Button ......................133 3.5.8.4.2 Phase Timing Button ......................134 3.5.9 State Sequencer Test ....................... 135 3.5.9.1 Reclosing Relay Testing ......................135 3.5.9.2 Transient Earth-Fault (TEF) Simulator ................... 140 3.5.9.2.1 Transient Earth-Fault Relay Settings .................. 141 3.5.9.2.2 Transient Earth-Fault Test Settings ..................142 3.5.9.2.3 Performing Transient Earth-Fault Test ................
Page 14 Run Predefined Test button ....................173 3.6.8.7.9 Run button .......................... 173 3.6.8.7.10 Help button .......................... 173 3.6.8.7.11 Fault Selection button ......................174 3.6.9 Megger Characteristic Editor ....................174 3.6.9.1 Distance Parameters Settings ....................175 3.6.9.1.1 System Settings ........................175 3.6.9.1.2 Tolerance settings ....................... 175 3.6.9.1.3 Grounding Factors ......................
Page 15 3.6.9.11 Creating Impedance Characteristics ..................179 Testing Transducers with the STVI Software ................182 3.7.1 Transducer Setup Screen ......................183 3.7.1.1 Nameplate Section ......................... 183 3.7.1.2 Type Selection Section ......................183 3.7.1.3 Test Settings Section ......................184 3.7.1.4 Input Range Section ....................... 185 3.7.1.5...
Page 16 3.10.5.13 Origin Test Points option ..................... 227 3.11 Frequency Test ......................... 227 3.11.1 Frequency Relay Settings and Configuration Screen ..............227 3.11.1.1 Under Frequency Relay Test Settings ..................228 3.11.1.2 Over Frequency Relay Test Settings ..................230 3.11.1.3 df/dt ROCOF Relay Test Settings ..................232 3.11.1.4 VT and Relay Connections .....................
Page 17 Extended Actions List button ....................254 3.14.1.2 Wait on IRIG-B ........................255 3.14.1.3 Wait Contact ........................... 256 3.15 IEC 61850 Megger GOOSE Configurator (MGC) ..............256 3.15.1 GOOSE Message Description ....................256 3.15.1.1 IEC 61850 Relay Testing – General Description ..............257 3.15.2 MGC Menus ..........................
Page 18 Manipulating the IEC-61850 test attribute in the quality parameter in the published GOOSE messages by the SMRT / FREJA 5xx ...................... 283 3.16 IEC 61850-9-2 Megger SVA Configurator (SVA) ..............284 3.16.1 Testing Relays with Sampled Values ..................284 3.16.2 SVA Menu ..........................
Page 19 Warranty Statement ........................292 Service Data ..........................293 Preventive Maintenance ......................293 5.1.1 Examine the Unit ........................293 5.1.2 Upgrading the STVI Software ....................293 Service and Repair Instructions ....................295 5.2.1 Basic Troubleshooting ........................ 295 5.2.1.1 Power Input ..........................295 5.2.1.2...
Page 20 1.1.1 Top Panel ........................... 314 1.1.2 Front Panel ..........................315 Input Power ..........................316 1.2.1. Input Power Cord ........................316 Voltage Current Generator (VIGEN) Module ................317 1.3.1. Convertible Voltage/Current Amplifier ..................317 1.3.2. Current Amplifier ........................318 Binary Inputs and Outputs ......................318 1.4.1 Binary Inputs ..........................
Page 21 2.2.3 STVI Ethernet Port ........................338 2.2.3.1 Setting SMRT IP Address for Operation with STVI ..............338 2.2.4 IN - IEC61850 Ethernet Port ...................... 338 2.2.4.1 Setting SMRT IP Address for Networks or IEC 61850 Operations ......... 339 Current Sources ........................... 339 Parallel Operation ........................
Page 22 1.1.1 Top Panel ........................... 367 1.1.2 Front Panel ..........................369 Input Power ..........................370 1.2.1. Input Power Cord ........................370 Voltage Current Generator (VIGEN) Module ................371 1.3.1. Convertible Voltage/Current Amplifier ..................371 1.3.2. Current Amplifier ........................372 Binary Inputs and Outputs ......................373 1.4.1 Binary Inputs ..........................
Page 23 Setting SMRT IP Address for Operation with a PC ..............395 2.2.3 STVI Ethernet Port ........................396 2.2.3.1 Setting SMRT IP Address for Operation with STVI ..............396 2.2.4 IN - IEC61850 Ethernet Port ...................... 396 2.2.4.1 Setting SMRT IP Address for Networks or IEC 61850 Operations ......... 397 Current Sources ...........................
Page 24 Megger equipment like the MRCT, MVCT and legacy MPRT units. This section of the manual contains the information that you will need to set up and use your STVI with the SMRT Relay Test Systems. This section also includes a description of RTMS. The STVI uses the embedded version of RTMS.
Page 25 SMRT connection port. 5. STVI USB Interface ⑤ – the USB 2.0 Interface requires a Type A connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port. A USB cable may not be provided with the test set or in the optional accessories.
Page 26 1.2.2 Glossary of Terms The STVI display screens prompt the user to select, or set, various values. The values vary depending on the relay under test, and the relay setting screen. Many of the terms used are similar in nature and mean the same thing regardless of the type of relay. For example, the term Time Dial is commonly used to define the time dial setting on the relay under test.
Page 27 A numerical value normally associated with a TIME CURVE or defines the use of a specific time curve from a family of curves. Used when conducting a timing test. The TIME DIAL number also may be used in a Time-Curve algorithm in calculating the theoretical operating time of the relay under test. 1.2.2.3 Inst.
Page 28 PoE Power Supply-Input Power Cord When the STVI is ordered with the SMRT1 the power cord that comes with the PoE Power Supply is based upon the power cord selection in the SMRT1 style number. Depending on the country, the...
Page 29 Megger of the damage. 2.1.1 Initial Start Up 1. With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit connect the STVI Ethernet Port on the SMRT33/43/36/46/410 unit to the Ethernet port on the top of the Smart Touch View Interface Part 81757...
Page 30 2.2.2 USB 2.0 Interface There are two USB 2.0 Interface ports on the STVI unit. These ports can be used for upgrading firmware to the SMRT unit or upgrading RTMS on the STVI using a USB Memory Stick. They may also be used in conjunction with a USB mouse for ease of manual control, even a USB wireless mouse can be used with the STVI.
Page 31 Ethernet port. RTMS will auto-detect the unit (does not require the user to input an IP address). Once the STVI hand-held controller detects and connects to the unit, the icon connection will turn green. The SMRT-D units will not require any action by the user. If using the PC version, it too can auto- detect the unit connected to the PC.
Page 32 RTMS for items such as language and phase angle rotation. Pressing this button will display the Configuration screen. Note: The following button descriptions vary depending on hardware configuration, and if using an STVI hand-held controller, or the PC version of RTMS. See the following Configuration Screen example. Part 81757...
Page 33 The user can select the output configuration. The connection picture will change with the selection indicating to the user how to connect the outputs. With the selection, the STVI display will also change in combination with the selected outputs. For example, if a user needs more than 60 A, the 4 Voltages –...
Page 34 Display Versions (Information Screen) This button is found in the Hardware Section. Pressing this button will display serial numbers, firmware, and driver versions, and build dates. This information is useful when calling Megger for service or technical support related issues. 2.3.1.3.1 Command button This button will open the Mini RTS Command Terminal.
Page 35 IP address). If the unit is on a network with a DHCP server, the user must use the Auto Discovery mode. Using RTMS on the STVI handheld controller, pressing the DHCP button will produce the IP Address Dialog box.
Page 36 Figure 9 PowerDB Instrument Configuration Screen 2.3.1.12 Advanced Mode - Convertible V/I Selection for Multi-Phase Current Output In the Hardware section of the Configuration Screen, click on the Advanced Mode button to access the number of voltage channels for conversion to current channels. Should you need more than 3, but less than 6 current channels, press this button to select how many voltage channels to convert.
Page 37 2.3.1.13 ? Help Button Press this button to access the built-in manual for help associated with the Configuration Screen. Figure 11 System Settings Screen 2.3.1.14 Phase Angles The Phase Angles control section can be found in the System Settings of the Configuration screen. Select the desired phase angle display for the Phase Vector Screen.
Page 38 Figure 13 Default Settings Options 2.3.1.15.1 Save as Default Press this button and all the changes made to the Configuration Screen and most of the default values for all screens are now saved as the power up defaults. 2.3.1.15.2 Restore Default Pressing this button provides the ability to restore the original system power up defaults.
Page 39 The PC version uses the PC time and date. 2.3.1.26 Logging Select this button to log commands sent to the SMRT units from RTMS when using the STVI. This information can be useful to the Megger Technical Support Group when troubleshooting. 2.3.1.27...
Page 40 Figure 14 CT/PT Ratios Input Selection Screen Select either ANSI or IEC graphics. Enter the appropriate Voltage and/or Current Primary and Secondary Values. CT Earthing Position button In the default position, the simulated secondary current from test system will be in phase with the primary current, which flows from the bus bar into the protected line.
Page 41 Figure 15 Primary Values kV and kA output test screen. The above figure displays the primary values. This allows the user to evaluate relays using Primary Values displayed on the test screen, while applying the secondary values to the device under test based upon the CT/PT ratios.
Page 42 For testing devices that require Low-Level voltage signals simulating Rogowski coils, voltage dividers, or other similar devices requires the Megger model MLLA low-level adapter interface, part number MLLA for three adapters, or V1013-611 for a single adapter. For testing relays like...
Page 43 Figure 18 MLLA Megger Low Level Adapter modules. The Rogowski mode will change the current channel from a current source to a voltage source. This will allow the current channel to simulate a low-level voltage source from a Rogowski coil. There are three ranges for the Rogowski outputs, 2, 10 and 40 V.
Page 44 2.3.1.29.2 Low Voltage Low Voltage Mode The Low Voltage Mode will change the voltage channel to an mV source. This will allow the voltage channel to simulate a low-level voltage source such as a Rogowski or a voltage divider. Press the High (300 V) button to select the Low (2 V), see figure below.
Page 45 Different relays have different amplitude and phase correction settings. Check your relay settings and enter the appropriate values in the windows provided. Press or click on the green check mark to return to the Configuration screen, then press or click on the green check mark to return to the Main Test screen.
Page 46 PowerDB.v1X.x and find the PdbCurveLib.crv file folder to paste a new/custom time curve. Contact Megger, or your Megger representative, if you have a curve or custom curve that you would like to have added to the curve library.
Page 47 If the user wants to ramp more than one channel, or change the increment, or change the value to be ramped (Amplitude, Phase or Frequency), on the STVI display screen press the Manual Ramp Options button (Control Knob icon, or Up Down Arrows Icon) to display the following screen.
Page 48 Figure 24 Channel Increment Selection Screen INCREMENT– Select the desired increment. Color change will indicate the value selected. CHANNEL – Select the desired channel(s). The channel button will change color indicating the selected channel(s) to be ramped. MODE – Select Amplitude, Phase, Frequency, or Battery as the value to be ramped. Press or click on the green check button to return to the test screen.
Page 49 (not on PC version). It provides the user the ability to save tests, or open saved tests. If using the PC version users will have the PowerDB file system to save test (job) files (see PowerDB Help). For STVI hand-held controller, or On-Board users,’ pressing on the File Folder presents the user with the following tool bar.
Page 50 To save results directly to a USB memory stick check the Save to USB button. To transfer test results from the STVI hand-held controller, or the SMRT-D series of units, to a USB memory stick use the up down blue colored buttons to select the desired test result to be transferred, and then press on the ðUSB button.
Page 51 ① Connection button 3.1.1 Press or click on the button and the PC, or STVI hand-held controller, will auto detect the SMRT unit connected and automatically set the IP address through the Ethernet ports. If the button shows two red X’s, it indicates that there is no communication to the SMRT unit. If the background color is yellow, it indicates that the unit is ‘on-line’...
Page 52 To access the File Management system, touch the File Folder top center of the test screen. This icon only appears on the STVI hand-held controller and the SMRT-D series of units (not on PC version). It provides the user the ability to save tests, or open saved tests, see Section 2.5 STVI File Management section for more information.
Page 53 Figure 30 Generic SEL Communication Screen Note that the typical default Read Commands, Passwords Level 1 and 2, and COM Port assignment and Baud rates are preset. 2. Click on GENERIC SEL button to select the relay under test, see the following figure. Figure 31 List of Available SEL Relays 3.
Page 54 Figure 32 Simulation Setting Download Message 12. Selecting Red Cross will attempt to read the settings from the relay. 13. There will be a logging into relay message banner to indicate the handshaking process has started. 14. Once all the settings are read from the relay, the user can then test the relay using the relay settings.
Page 55 3.1.6.1.1.2.1 Read from Modbus Relay with Serial Communications: 1. If using the serial port, connect a USB serial cable to the relay serial communication port. Press or click on the Modbus Relay button and a Modbus communication screen will appear like the following figure.
Page 56 1. Enter the Modbus address for the relay under test. Typically, it is either 1 or 254. It can be found in communication setup settings of the relay. 2. Enter the IP Address of the relay found under TCP/IP section of the relay Modbus settings. 3.
Page 57 4. Green Check button – This button will add settings in addition to the existing settings (if already read and stored before). Red Cross button- This button will overwrite existing settings (if already read and stored before). 3.1.6.1.5 Import ERL L-PRO File: Press this button to import relay settings in the ERL L-PRO relay file format.
Page 58 ii. export “Previous Import Settings” to CSV iii. eliminate unwanted settings using Excel iv. import RTMS CSV Figure 40 Example Excel RTMS CSV Export for Previous Imported Settings File 3.1.6.1.9 Import XML File: Press this button to import relay settings from ZIV relays in the XML file format.
Page 59 Integer is several whole values with no decimal. A decimal value placed in an Integer field in the Relay Settings will evoke an error message advising that an invalid entry has been attempted. Enumeration is to create an enumeration of variables and or values for a drop list of valid Values in the Relay Settings.
Page 60 Figure 43 Example Import Settings Edit Mode If all the settings are properly mapped and imported, then a green check ✔will appear in the right side of the display next to the Edit function button. Only settings that are already in the settings list with non-empty mappings will be matched.
Page 61 Hardware Option the Transducer Test. With the IEC 61850 GOOSE option enabled in the SMRT hardware the Megger GOOSE Configurator (MGC) provides mapping of the binary inputs and outputs of the SMRT test set to the desired GOOSE messages. With IEC 61850 9-2 LE Sampled Values...
Page 62 Figure 46 Standard and Enhanced Software Test Menu List See the following descriptions. 3.1.7.1 Ramp Selection buttons The Simple Ramp button is used for doing pick up or drop out tests on any type of relay. It can be used to perform a general-purpose linear step ramp, pulse ramp, or pulse ramp binary search. The Advanced Ramp button allows the user to perform a continuously smooth ramp with x/s increment/second, as well as other more complex ramps.
Page 63 3.1.7.6 Megger GOOSE Configurator button Pressing the Megger GOOSE Configurator button provides access to the MGC software for testing IEC 61850 relays. This feature is enabled when ordering the IEC GOOSE Hardware license at purchase or as an upgrade. Optional stand-alone MGC Software is available to test and commission IEC61850 compliant devices.
Page 64 3.1.7.11 Frequency button Press this button to go to the Frequency test screen for testing Frequency sensing relays. This software feature only appears with units that have RTMS Enhanced Option enabled. 3.1.7.12 COMTRADE button Press this button to go to the COMTRADE test screen. This software feature appears with units that have RTMS Enhanced Option enabled.
Page 65 Figure 48 Page 1 Select Relay Manufacturer screen. Press the red arrow inside the green button on the lower right corner to access page 2 listings. 3.1.8.2 Template Manager button Pressing the Template Manager button will provide the following figure. Figure 49 Example of Template Manager screen.
Page 66 The user can select a test template from those listed and open it by pressing this button. ⑨ Predefined Test button 3.1.9 Pressing the Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined Tests, created by either Megger or users, in Pdb Tst file structure, see the following example on a PC. Part 81757...
Page 67 Figure 50 Preconfigured Test File Folders These test plans can be more generic or extremely specific. Users can perform manual or automated tests, save them in the database, and then reselect them to reuse as a Predefined Test. If no tests have previously been executed, pressing this button will provide the following screen.
Page 68 Figure 52 Preconfigured Tests for Overcurrent Relays As shown in the above figure, the Test Groups are Overcurrent, and Tests are listed in the right half of the screen. The following are descriptions for the tools. 3.1.9.1 Run Test button Press the Run Test button to execute the highlighted individual test.
Page 69 3.1.9.3 View Results button Press the View Results button to view the test report. 3.1.9.4 Go to Test Screen button Press the Go to Test Screen button to go to the selected test. 3.1.9.5 View/Edit Notes button Press the View Edit Notes button to view the test notes or to add notes. Figure 54 Test Notes Screen Pressing the No Action button at the bottom of the note screen will provide options as shown in the following figure.
Page 70 If the test uses a script file, the script will appear on the screen. In the example above the test is a Megger test file, therefore, no script appears. The user can change the Group and Test names. Checking the Optional button will exclude this test from Pass/Fail evaluation in the Test Report.
Page 71 Figure 57 Change Sub form Options in the Test Edit and Attributes Screen Selecting any of the listed options will present the user with multiple lists of print labels. 3.1.9.8 Extended Actions List button Pressing this button will provide a list of extended actions that the user may want to use, see the following.
Page 72 ⑩ Help button 3.1.10 Pressing this button will provide Help for both software and hardware, including a hardware system reset. Figure 59 Help List For some test screens the Help button is sensitive to the test. For example, in the Click on Fault Impedance test screen pressing the Help button will bring up information relative to testing impedance relays.
Page 73 Figure 60 A Binary Input #2 Monitor Mode/60 B Binary Input #1 Time Trip Mode Binary Input #2 in Monitor Mode is sensing for closing of normally open relay contacts, as displayed by the icon in the Input Type window or opening of normally closed relay contacts. When the contacts close the LED for the selected binary input on the connected unit will light up.
Page 74 This provides auto off, of the voltage, current or voltage & current channels upon tripping of the relay. For most timing applications the timer should be set to Latched Input (enabled) mode, which means the timer will stop on the first contact closure. The Latched Input (disabled) mode means if the contact bounce the timer will include the bounce time.
Page 75 To clear all harmonics either set the harmonic values to zero or press the Clear All Harmonics button. 3.1.12.1.3 Custom button: Allows users to customize values displayed by writing a script file. 3.1.12.1.4 Symmetrical button: Symmetrical Values, Positive, Negative, and Zero sequence values will be displayed for both voltage and current next to the Vector Test screen, see Fault Calculator button for more information.
Page 76 3.1.12.1.6 Phase to Phase Voltage button: Phase to Phase Voltage values will be displayed. Figure 66 Example for Phase-to-Phase Voltage Values Displayed Note: If you want the values displayed in the vector screen (as shown above), select Phase to Phase Voltage in the System Configuration screen.
Page 77 Figure 68 Example for Primary with Secondary Values Displayed ⑬ Maximum Test Time/Prefault Time/Post Fault Time Settings button 3.1.13 Pressing this button will present a setting window, which allows the user to enter the amount of time in seconds for Maximum Test Time, Prefault Time and Post Fault Time values that should be applied. In addition, when the Ramp On button is enabled, the user can also set the selected channels to ramp up from the default values to the Prefault values at the selected V/s and A/s.
Page 78 ⑰ Manual Ramp Options button 3.1.17 If using the PC version, the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller, or if using a SMRT-D series of units, the Control Knob icon will be displayed. Pressing either of these two...
Page 79 Figure 69 Mode Options 3.1.19.1.1 Overcurrent Mode button: The default selection window will present Overcurrent Mode. There are two fields available to enter values, Normal (Prefault) and Fault Values. Enter in the provided windows the desired values of amplitude, and phase angle. Depending on the Selected Fault Type, upon pressing or clicking on the green check mark, the Fault values will appear in the appropriate value windows in the manual test screen.
Page 80 3.1.19.1.3 Frequency Mode button: Press or click on the Frequency Mode button. The Fault (Frequency) Values entry window will be provided. Enter the desired fault frequency. The Prefault Frequency will be the default value. 3.1.19.1.4 Impedance Mode button: Press or click on the Impedance Mode button. Pressing A Phase to ground fault the user will see the following screen.
Page 81 In this screen the user is required to input the source impedance and angle. The fault calculator will calculate the resistive and reactive values based upon the user inputs. Upon returning to the test screen the test values of fault voltage(s), current(s) and angles will be displayed. 3.1.19.1.4.3 Compensation button: This button only appears when you select the Phase to Ground Fault type.
Page 82 desired negative Sequence values of Voltage and Current and upon returning to the test screen all the three phase values will be calculated and displayed ready for testing. 3.1.19.1.6 Power Swing Mode button: Press or click on the Power Swing Mode button to access the Power Swing input setting screen.
Page 83 The first parameter calculated is how long a complete power swing cycle will take, t . This is Swing calculated using Eq. 1. & �� (��) Eq. 1 !"#$% " & �� = 1 �� Eq. 2 !"#$% )*(+, When applying this method to any type of test routine, t should be the maximum time set for how Swing long the swing should be applied.
Page 84 The time can also be set to a multiple of the swing duration. In this case, 2, 3, or 4 s would also work. A time of 0.5 s will not work. 3.1.19.1.7 Fault Location Mode button: Press or click on the Fault Location Mode button to access the Fault Location input setting screen, see the following figure.
Page 85 Consider each V/I Generator module as a vector generator. Each module has an internal zero reference to which it references its phase angle settings as displayed on the STVI touch screen or the PC display. This applies to phase angle settings between the voltage and current outputs. When setting a phase angle between two outputs, it is recommended that one output be set at 0°...
Page 86 Figure 80 Positive Phase Sequence Rotation Using ± 180˚. For example, using 0-360 Lag (0, 120, 240) setting an angle of 30° between the two outputs would look like: The reference output is 0° and the second output is rotated 30° clockwise. In other words, the angle is lagging the referenced source by 30°.
Page 87 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 88 ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller, or the SMRT-D series of units, Part 81757...
Page 89 ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller, or the SMRT-D, the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 90 ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller, or the SMRT-D series of units, the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 91 For the floating common units, the user must connect the associated voltage channels black common returns together, when series operation is required (see the following figures). Remove external commons when testing is completed. DO NOT attempt to series more than two voltage channels together since the voltage leads are rated for a maximum of 600 Volts.
Page 92 3.4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta Two methods of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source are available. The Open-Delta configuration is easier to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly. No calculations are necessary. When using the Open-Delta configuration, it is suggested to use voltage channel #1, designated V and voltage channel #2, designated V , while the COMMON binding post is designated V...
Page 93 Ð 0 Set V Ð 300 Set V (360 Lag configuration) 3.4.2.1.1 Unbalanced Open Delta When setting up an Unbalanced Open-Delta configuration, the desired phase-to-phase fault voltage, is set using voltage channel #1 with its phase angle set to 0°. Phase-to-phase voltage V and its phase angle relationship for voltage channel #2, must be calculated using the Law of Cosines, where for any triangle the following formula applies:...
Page 94 3.4.2.2 T Connection The second method of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source is the so-called T- Connection. The method, shown in the following figure, is easier to use when obtaining an unbalanced, phase-to-phase fault simulation since it eliminates calculations. To reduce confusion when using the T-Connection, the voltage output #1 is designated V and its phase angle set at 0°, voltage output #2 is designated V...
Page 95 Balanced 3 , 4 Wire Y-Connection = Desired Fault Voltage Ð ° Ð ° Ð ° Note: If an F or C appears in the 5 digit of the style identification number (i.e., XXXXFXXXXX) the voltage returns are floating (isolated from each other and ground). Those units with a style number G or E the voltage returns are common together internally and connected to earth ground.
Page 96 Figure 90 SMRT36D with Floating Returns, Three Phase Four Wire Test Connections For the earth grounded common return (G) units, there is an internal common ground between the voltage and current channel return terminals. Therefore, only one return lead is required for the voltage channels.
Page 97 3. Connect the desired Binary Input terminal to sense the relay contacts closing or opening. Select the Binary Input ⑫ and set the appropriate sensing Continuity or Voltage modes (see Figure 55A). 4. Press the Output Selector Adjustment icon ⑰, and enter the increment, channel number(s), and whether Amplitude, Phase and Frequency.
Page 98 Figure 92 Example PowerDB Report If using the STVI, or the SMRT-D units, use the Control Knob to scroll up and down to view all results. Note that there is a space in the upper right corner for company logos to provide a finished and professional look (see Configuration Screen).
Page 99 Figure 93 Report Options Screen The results can be moved up or down to change the order of the results presentation. The result can be deleted, or a retest performed by pushing the blue Run Test button. In addition, the user can add or hide Comments or Deficiencies.
Page 100 Figure 94 Simple Ramp Test Screen There are three added buttons across the tool bar. The Report All button will include all ramps in the report. If not enabled, it will only record the last pick up or drop out value. The Binary Input button will open to the Binary Input dialog box;...
Page 101 Figure 96 Simple Ramp Options 3.5.3.1 Configuring of Multiple Ramps Multiple ramps may be performed to provide a finer resolution of the pickup or drop out value, by ramping up or down in large increments, then changing to a smaller increment on the second or third ramp.
Page 102 Figure 98 Stair Step Ramp Setting Example In the above example, 5 A was set as the Expected pickup value, with an Increment of 0.01 A (A) and a Delay (B) time of two hundred ms between each increment. To start the auto ramp, push the blue Run Test button.
Page 103 3.5.3.4 Pulse Ramp Binary Search Example The third selection ƒ on the tool bar is Pulse Ramp Binary Search. The Pulse Ramp Binary Search is used to quickly determine the pickup value of a relay with a questionable or unknown set point or operating characteristic.
Page 104 The basic operation of the test is that the test set will apply twice (10 A) of the Expected value of 5 A for a prefault duration of 1 s. This will allow the EM disk to turn and close the trip contacts. A longer prefault duration might be required depending on the Time Dial setting.
Page 105 3.5.3.6 Instantaneous Pickup Example This example will use a pulse ramp to determine the trip contact pickup point of an instantaneous overcurrent relay. The example relay has a tap setting of 25 A, and the trip contacts are Normally Open. Figure 104 Instantaneous Pickup Example The basic operation will apply a percentage (using the default setting of 85%) of the Expected value when ramping starts (for the above example 21.25 A).
Page 106 Figure 105 Advanced Ramp Test Screen Advanced Ramp has similarities to the Simple Ramp. The primary differences are the Start, Increment, Stop values, and the addition of the Smooth Ramp. 3.5.4.1 Setting Values Pre-Fault, Ramp Start, Ramp Increment, and Ramp Stop values are entered by clicking on the appropriate button as shown in the following figure.
Page 107 Start point to the Stop point. 3.5.5 Ramping Battery Simulator Output 1. On the STVI display screen press the Manual Ramp Options button. In Channel Increment Selection Screen press or click on the Battery button. Select the desired increment level of the Battery Simulator, 1 or 5 V increments.
Page 108 Figure 107 Relay Tolerance Setup Screen The user will see three buttons on top of screen: 1. Electromechanical 2. Include Pickup Tests 3. Include Instantaneous Pickup Tests The user can check one, two or all buttons or uncheck them to add or not to add the respective test button to the List of Tests to Run.
Page 109 Scaling: Used to scale instantaneous currents greater than 60 A (for SMRT). As an example, if the instantaneous setting is 75 A, setting the scaling to two will result in a message appearing to parallel current channels 1 and 2 together. The test current will be divided equally between the two currents. Multiples of Tap.
Page 110 Figure 110 Phase Setting Screen First, it should be noted that the Phase to Phase and 3 Phase Element buttons in our previous examples have been added to the row next to Phase button. Therefore, any Elements added will appear here to enter settings. Selecting the double ramp will open the Dropout value window as shown in the above example.
Page 111 Figure 112 Relay Model by Brand Selection Screen 3.5.6.1.2 Relay’s Curve and Direction per Element – Selection and Configuration Press Definite Time to select the appropriate time curve for the relay under test. Figure 113 Curve Button location (Red boxed) for the GE SR745 Phase Screen Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 112 Figure 114 Available Curves List (Options depends on previously selected relay) Press Direction Button in Relay Settings Screen to select the element of protection, namely Directional (Forward or Reverse) and Bidirectional depending on type of relay under test. Figure 115 Direction Button location (Red boxed) for the GE SR745 Phase Screen Three options can be selected: None, Reverse and Forward.
Page 113 Selecting Reverse or Forward button, user will be able to perform a test on a directional relay (67). MTA, Blinder, and Reference Voltage options are available when one of these buttons is pressed. See the following figure. Figure 117 Directional Parameters Screen Directional: For testing directional overcurrent relays which require a voltage to be applied to polarize and close the directional element, click on the Direction button to provide the directional settings.
Page 114 Reference V: Allows the user to define the reference voltage level and angle for directional elements. User can select phase to earth, phase to phase, or Zero sequence. Figure 118 Phase Reference Selection Buttons Directional Ref: Defaults to Reference, where A Phase voltage will be reference angle in the phase angles displayed in the directional tests.
Page 115 IA = Operating Current MTA = Element Characteristic Angle at 30° If user use a reference voltage angle VAG, the current operating will be calculated the same way than VAB reference voltage angle. The relay will operate by comparing the angle between current and polarizing voltage.
Page 116 3.5.6.1.5.5 ⑤ Report Options button Press or click on this button to view or delete current test results. 3.5.6.1.5.6 ⑥ Run a Predefined Test button Pressing the Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined Tests, created by either Megger or users. 3.5.6.1.6 Performing Tests The system is ready to select and perform tests.
Page 117 3.5.6.1.6.1 Phase Pickup Button Press this button to go to Phase Pickup Test Screen Figure 122 Example Phase Pickup and Dropout Test Screen This example includes the dropout test, see Figure 81 for example selection and settings. 3.5.6.1.6.2 Phase Timing Button Press this button to go to Phase Timing Test Screen Figure 123 Example Phase Timing Test Screen This screen allows the user to run phase time overcurrent test previously configured and see the test...
Page 118 software will automatically calculate the min and max allowable time based upon the manufacturer’s time curve. If user runs a phase timing overcurrent test and the test reaches the max time on, then a text box will appear “max time on exceeded.” The test example above shows only single-phase time elements.
Page 119 Figure 126 Phase Directional Test Screen In this screen user can execute the Phase Directional test by pressing the Run Single Test button. In the right hand side of the test screen, the user will see the test phasor moving in real time, and in the left hand side see the actual test values changing.
Page 120 This is a Trip or No Trip test. Up to fifty test points can be selected. Note that additional pages will be added with more test points. Execute the test by pressing the Blue Run Test button. When the test is completed, Pass/Fail is indicated in the right column with a ✔...
Page 121 For ground timing overcurrent test, the user can execute the test by pressing the Run Single Test Button , it opens the dialog box to choose among the options available. The user can change value of the test Multiple by clicking in the desired cell to change the value of multiple (times pickup). To add more test points the user presses or clicks on the blank Multiple windows and enters the desired value.
Page 122 Figure 132 Example Ground Directional Test Screen In this screen user can execute the Ground Directional test by pressing the Blue Run Test button. In the right hand side of the test screen the user will see the test phasor moving in real time, and in the left hand side see the actual test values changing.
Page 123 test is completed, Pass/Fail is indicated in the right column with a ✔ or ✘. View Test Report by pressing the Report Options button. 3.5.6.1.6.9 Ground DC Target and Seal-In Button Press this button to go to Ground Target and Seal-In Test Run Screen Figure 134 Example Ground Target and Seal In test screen.
Page 124 The user will see three buttons on top of screen: 1. Electromechanical 2. Include Pickup Tests 3. Include Instantaneous Pickup Tests The user can check one, two or all buttons or uncheck them to add or not to add the respective test button to the List of Tests to Run.
Page 125 Figure 137 Overvoltage Phase Element Setting Screen Note the Element Name can be changed by clicking in the Element Name window, and a virtual keyboard will appear. Selecting the double ramp will open the Dropout value window as shown in the above example. Therefore, when performing the Phase Pickup test, both pickup and dropout tests will be performed.
Page 126 Figure 139 Example ABB/WEST Relay Model Selection Screen 3.5.7.3 Run Test Screen The depending on the Elements, by default the first test will start with the Phase Pickup. Figure 140 Overvoltage Phase Pickup Test Screen 3.5.7.3.1 Change Test Button Pressing this button ① the user will be presented with a list of available tests depending on what Elements were originally defined by the user.
Page 127 3.5.7.3.6 Pressing the Run Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined test plans, created by either Megger or users, in Pdb.Tst file structure. 3.5.7.4 Performing Tests The system is ready to select and perform tests. The following are example tests for Phase Elements.
Page 128 Figure 143 Example Phase Pickup and Dropout Test Screen This example includes the dropout test. 3.5.7.4.2 Phase Timing Button Press this button to go to Phase Timing Test Screen Figure 144 Example Phase Timing Test Screen This screen allows the user to run phase time over voltage test previously configured and see the test results.
Page 129 elements. You can also have phase to phase and/or three phase timing tests depending on the user inputs. 3.5.7.4.3 Phase Instantaneous Button Press this button to go to Phase Instantaneous Test Screen Figure 145 Example Phase Instantaneous Test results. For phase instantaneous over voltage tests, the user can execute them pressing the Run Single Test Button , it opens the dialog box to choose among the options available.
Page 130 Figure 147 Test Selection Buttons When Electromechanical Button is checked, Include Target and Seal-In Tests Button will appear and is available to be checked or leave it unchecked. If checked it provides the user with the appropriate outputs necessary (typically 0.2, or 2 A) to do a pickup and dropout test on an electromechanical DC Target and Seal In relay.
Page 131 Figure 148 Under Voltage Phase Element Setting Screen Any Elements added will appear here, next to the Undervoltage button, to enter settings. Note the Element Name can be changed by clicking in the Element Name window, and a virtual keyboard will appear.
Page 132 Figure 150 Example ABB/WEST Relay Model Selection Screen 3.5.8.3 Run Test Screen The depending on the Elements, by default the first test will start with the Phase Pickup. Figure 151 Run Test Screen 3.5.8.3.1 Change Test Button Pressing this button ① the user will be presented with a list of available tests depending on what Elements were originally defined by the user.
Page 133 Press or click on this ⑤ button to view or delete current test results. 3.5.8.3.6 Run Predefined Test button ⑥ Pressing the Run Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined test plans, created by either Megger or users, in Pdb Tst file structure. 3.5.8.4 Performing Tests The system is ready to select and perform tests.
Page 134 Figure 154 Example UV Phase Pickup Test Screen 3.5.8.4.2 Phase Timing Button Press this button to go to Phase Timing Test Screen Figure 155 Example UV Phase Timing Test Screen This screen allows the user to run phase time under voltage test previously configured and see the test results.
Page 135 only single-phase time elements. You can also have phase to phase and/or three phase timing tests depending on the user inputs. 3.5.9 State Sequencer Test 3.5.9.1 Reclosing Relay Testing These tests should be conducted in accordance with the manufacturers relay specifications. Press the Select New Test button to get access to the State Sequencer Test.
Page 136 Figure 157 Sequence Timers Settings and Labels Screen Example Note that the Total Time to Lockout is also included in the setting and indicates where the total timer starts and stops. This allows for 1, 2, 3, 4 or more shots to lockout including reclose times. To change the Start and Stop conditions, press, or click the appropriate windows.
Page 137 Figure 159 State Sequence Conditional Setting Screen Wait ms – The unit will wait for the ms entered in the window before changing to the next state in the sequence. Wait Cycles – The unit will wait for the Cycles entered in the window before changing to the next state in the sequence.
Page 138 Application Note: Use of the Reset Phase button is recommended when performing an End-to- End test, so that both test systems are in the same known phase angle relationship at the start of the test. This is also useful when the frequency of a generator is changed from one state to another, its phase relationship to the other generators will be unpredictable.
Page 139 Figure 161 State Sequence “Split View” Preview Screen There are two views available to the user. One view is called the “Single View” where all the voltages, currents, binary inputs, and outputs are overlaid. In the above figure a single phase 4 trip and reclose is shown in the “Split View”, where the voltages, currents, binary inputs, and outputs are split up like a fault recording.
Page 140 Figure 162 Example Sequencer 3 Shot Trip and Reclose 3.5.9.2 Transient Earth-Fault (TEF) Simulator The Transient Earth Fault simulator is designed for testing the directional operating characteristics of transient and intermittent transient earth fault relays by simulating residual current I and residual voltage V transient signals.
Page 141 Figure 163 Transient Earth-Fault Settings Screen 3.5.9.2 Transient Earth-Fault Relay Settings The following are typical settings found in Transient Earth Fault relays, and how they are interrelated to the TEF simulation. Operation: On or Off Operation Mode: There are two mode settings, Transient Mode, and Intermittent Mode. In the Transient Mode, when the relay detects the transient, and the V level meets the Voltage Start Value (Vs) settings, the timing is activated.
Page 142 Peak Counter Limit: Default setting is two. The relay transient detector will determine when a transient peak is counted, and when the number of transients meets or exceed this limit the relay operation will start. The maximum number the user can enter is seven. The No. of Transient States will automatically change in the Test Settings to match.
Page 143 Generic. Pressing the Generic button will provide a library of generic impedance relay characteristics to choose from. Pressing the MCE/RIO button, characteristics that exist in Megger Characteristic Editor/RIO file formats may also be imported and used in the COF Test Screen. Pressing the predefined test button, the user can select from a list of predefined impedance relay tests that were previously saved to the database.
Page 144 3.6.1.1 Tolerance Settings Figure 164 Tolerance Settings Dialog Box Enter Maximum and Minimum Percentages or enter the maximum and minimum Ohmic and Time values for Pass / Fail evaluation of the test results. Z = % of Impedance in Ohms, and Time values are in % of Expected Trip Time setting.
Page 145 The user can select which Zone they wish to define, with up to 20 Zones selectable. When more than one Zone is defined; to view multiple zones all in the same graphic window press the multi-zone display button. When pressing the icon, the background color will change, and you will see the multiple zones displayed in the impedance plane display.
Page 146 Figure 166 Ground Compensation Settings Dialog Box The default screen is for KN. To select other compensation values, press the Type (KN) button. Where the compensation factors are part of the relay settings (such as the Relay Library AREVA Quadramho) the Compensation button will not be provided, but the values will be calculated based upon the actual relay settings.
Page 147 3.6.2.1 Generic MHO Setting Screen Figure 167 Generic MHO Setting Screen There are three basic settings; REACH, ANGLE, and OFFSET that will define the relay operating characteristic. REACH is a value in Ohms. ANGLE is a value in degrees normally associated with the maximum torque angle, line, or characteristic angle setting of the relay.
Page 148 The setting screen defaults to MHO characteristic. Press the Vertical button to select for a Vertical characteristic. To enable selective fault types, press the appropriate button. It will change to yellow background and a checkmark will appear in the box. Enter the appropriate ohmic values and angles to achieve the desired characteristic.
Page 149 3.6.2.3 QUAD Setting Screen Figure 170 Generic QUAD Setting Screen There are eight basic settings; X, R, -X, -R, RCA, -X Angle, -R Angle, and Blinder Angle that will define the relay operating characteristic. X and R are values in Ohms associated with the X and R axis, in an RX Impedance plane.
Page 150 Figure 171 Example Load Encroachment Setting Screen for Generic QUAD To enable selective fault types, press the appropriate button. It will change to yellow background and a checkmark will appear in the box. Enter the appropriate ohmic values and angles to achieve the desired characteristic.
Page 151 PsImpRch Positive Impedance Reach - defines the positive reach in Ohms representing the line impedance. PsImpAng Positive Characteristic Angle – this is the line impedance angle in the forward direction (first quadrant). This angle is measured counterclockwise from the positive R-axis. PsReactAng1 Positive Reactance Angle 1 to the right of the line impedance This angle is measured clockwise from the horizontal line going through the reactive reach on the X-axis.
Page 152 Model identifier. Future software updates will include more relay specific library files; see Upgrading RTMS for more information on downloading RTMS from the Megger website. Figure 174 Relay Library Selection Screen RTMS supports the import of relay settings in various file formats; see section 3.1.6, Relay Settings Import.
Page 153 Click on Fault Configuration Screen. Requires user to import the desired RIO files, in advance, into a RIO file folder under the MY Documents/PowerDB directory. Impedance characteristics developed using the Megger Characteristic Editor can be saved to the same directory. Part 81757...
Page 154 Figure 175 Impedance Relay, Click on Fault Configuration Screen 3.6.5.1 Prefault Dialog Box The prefault values will be applied to the relay under test prior to ramping. If using Pulse Ramp the prefault values will be applied between each pulse increment. The contains four edit Prefault Dialog box fields:...
Page 155 3.6.5.3 Ramp/Shot Options This dialog box provides three different ways to determine the operating characteristic of impedance relays. Shots are used to create one or more test points to replicate a fault at a particular magnitude and angle. points Trip (inside the operating characteristic) and/or No-Trip (outside the operating characteristic) may be selected for each Fault Type.
Page 156 Figure 176 Report Options Selection Menu % Error – Adds the % error of the selected test in the test screen and to the report page. No % Error (ACTIVE) – Removes the % error from the selected test and from the report. % Error &...
Page 157 Pressing the home button will return you to the manual test screen. ② Configuration button 3.6.6.2 Press the button to go to the STVI Configuration Screen. See Section 2.2.1 Configuration for more information about the Configuration Screen. ③ Battery Simulator button 3.6.6.3...
Page 158 ⑤ Binary Input Setting button 3.6.6.5 Press this box to reveal the Binary Input Dialog box. The default settings are Binary Input 1, dry contacts as indicated by the Input Type, and Input Action defaults to show the Closing of the Normally Open contacts. To change the Input Type from dry contacts to Voltage, press the Input Type icon, and it changes to voltage.
Page 159 ⑩ Run Predefined Test button 3.6.6.10 Pressing the Run Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined test plans, created by either Megger or users, in Pdb Tst file structure. ⑪ Run Test button 3.6.6.11 Pressing or clicking the blue Run Test button will apply the Prefault vector for the specified Time, then step to the Fault values and look for the relay under test to operate using either a Pulse Ramp or Pulse Ramp Binary Search.
Page 160 The user may select the desired number of test points by pressing the Test Points button and select from the list. Then the user may select the desired phase rotation between the selected number of test points by pressing the Degrees to Rotate button. If none of the standard phase rotations meets the user’s needs, press the Degrees to Rotate button in the list and enter the desired phase rotation in the window provided.
Page 161 Figure 181 Quick Test - Auto Generate Test Line Options Selecting Less Lines, three test lines will be drawn. One test line will be drawn at 0 degrees, another at 90 degrees, and one along the Line Angle setting in the Settings screen. Pressing or clicking on the More Lines button, up to nine test lines will be drawn.
Page 162 Clear All Fault Types: Clears all tests associated with the Fault. Note: There is no going back; once you clear a test there is no way to recover the tests unless you have saved the test to the internal memory. ⑰...
Page 163 3.6.7.1 Easy Z Impedance Relay Setting and Test Screen Figure 185 Easy Z Setting and Test Screen ① Binary Input Setting button 3.6.7.1.1 Press this box to reveal the Binary Input Dialog box. The default settings are Binary Input 1, dry contacts as indicated by the Input Type, and Input Action defaults to show the Closing of the Normally Open contacts.
Page 164 This button will add the present test result to the report. It also displays the report and allows the user to name the test, enter limits, comments, or deficiencies. Reports can be saved to the STVI, SMRT-D internal memory, and transferred to PowerDB via a USB memory stick. Previous tests results can be loaded, and the ‘Retest’...
Page 165 Figure 186 Clear Tests Options Dialog Box Clear Current – Clears the currently selected test. Clear All: - Clears all tests associated with the Fault. Note: There is no going back; once you clear a test there is no way to recover the test unless you have saved the test to the internal memory.
Page 166 Residual compensation factor, KN, is a complex number that is used to express the earth-return impedance, ZN, in terms of the positive-sequence impedance reach setting, Z1. This factor is calculated as: KN = ZN/Z1 = (Z0 – Z1)/(3Z1) Where: Z0 is the zero-sequence impedance polar reach of the zone Z0Z1 Ratio = the complex ratio of Z0/Z1, also referred to as K0=Z0/Z1 For QUAD (quadrilateral) there are: KN, Z0Z1, RE/RL XE/XL and R0 X0 R1 X1.
Page 167 Application Note: It is recommended to use Prefault current = 0 when testing distance protection relays, as the simulated power system is a radial feeder without any superimposed load, hence the simulation of the load current that will vanish during the fault condition is not a realistic representation of the power system.
Page 168 3] The step increment (or decrement) is chosen by pressing or clicking on the control wheel icon button. 4] The generation is activated by the ALL ON/OFF button When relay starts or operates, the injection is stopped (if the binary input is used to stop the ramp). Application Note: Make sure the time interval between the two steps is larger than the operating time of the zone being tested.
Page 169 3.6.8 Unknown Impedance Characteristic Figure 189 Unknown Impedance Characteristic Setting Screen 3.6.8.1 Prefault Dialog Box The prefault values will be applied to the relay under test prior to ramping. If using Pulse Ramp the prefault values will be applied between each pulse increment. The contains four edit Prefault Dialog box fields:...
Page 170 3.6.8.3 CT PT Ratios This dialog box provides user selection for plotting the operating characteristic in either Primary or Secondary Ohms. 3.6.8.4 Relay Button The user can input some basic knowledge, or best guess, of the relay to be tested. Figure 190 Relay Estimated Settings There are three selections available for the relay type, MHO, QUAD, or NONE.
Page 171 3.6.8.5 Ramp Options This dialog box provides two different ways to determine the operating characteristic of impedance relays. Selection of the type of Ramp is dependent on the relay. To test Multi-Zone relays, use the Pulse Ramp Search. The software will automatically calculate the increment required in V, I, and phase angle.
Page 172 Pressing the home button will return you to the manual test screen. ② Configuration button 3.6.8.7.2 Press the button to go to the STVI Configuration Screen. See Section 2.2.1 Configuration for more information about the Configuration Screen. ③ Battery Simulator button 3.6.8.7.3...
Page 173 ⑧ Run Predefined Test button 3.6.8.7.8 Pressing the Run Predefined Test button provides access to Predefined test plans, created by either Megger or users, in Pdb Tst file structure, ⑨ Run Test button 3.6.8.7.9 Pressing or clicking the blue Run Test button will run the selected Ramp to determine the unknown characteristic.
Page 174 Ground, Phase to Phase, and Three Phase. 3.6.9 Megger Characteristic Editor The Megger Characteristic Editor, MCE, is accessed from the Impedance Relay Library, see the following figure. Figure 193 Impedance Relay Library List The MCE is a tool for creating impedance relay operating characteristics using combinations of Lines, Arcs, and/or MHO circles.
Page 175 Figure 194 Megger Characteristic Editor Distance Parameters Screen ① Distance Parameters Settings 3.6.9.1 The Distance Parameters settings are the values used in defining the System, Tolerance, and Grounding Factors used for testing the relay. Some of these values are imported into the Click on Fault relay settings window.
Page 176 Time (Abs -): Enter timing accuracy in negative absolute error in ms. The default is - 50 ms. Z (Relative): Enter the relative accuracy of the impedance measuring element (in Ohms) in the relay as a percentage. Z (ABS): Enter the impedance measuring element in absolute value in Ohms. 3.6.9.1.3 Grounding Factors For single phase to ground faults a pull-down selection list is available.
Page 177 V Primary: Enter the PT primary voltage level of the line being protected. This value will be imported into the Click on Fault CT PT settings windows and provides for plotting the operating characteristic in either Primary or Secondary Ohms. V Secondary: Enter the PT secondary voltage level being applied to the relay under test.
Page 178 Figure 196 Impedance Segment Elements Element selection line segments can be defined as follows. Line (Cartesian): Used with relays that are defined using R and X values only, or combined segments using R and Z, see Line (Polar). Enter X and Y in Ohms with an Angle. Line (Polar): Used with relays that are defined using Z values, or combined segments using Z and R values.
Page 179 ⑩ Defining Impedance Operations Row 3.6.9.10 Label: Click in the window to provide a label for the created impedance characteristic. It is recommended to limit the number of characters to ten. Trip Time: Click in the window to enter the trip time in seconds. This information will be imported into the Click on Fault test screen and used in the test report.
Page 180 Line Length: fifty Ω. Line Angle: 85° Time Tolerance: 5% with +/- 5 ms ABS Z Relative: 5% Z Absolute: ten mΩ Ground Compensation Factors: 720 mΩ, - 3.69°. The first two zones are MHO circles. For Zone 1, Segment #1, select + Mho Circle. Application Note: Clicking on the + Mho button will add the Mho circle as Zone #2.
Page 181 Radius = 1 Ω. Therefore, what you will see is a half-moon characteristic centered on the origin, with a radius of one Ω (a combination of the 30° line and the 1 Ω circle at the origin). 3. The next step is to set the forward reach of the Zone 3 characteristic. The forward reach will be a combination of Z, Phi, and Radius.
Page 182 Figure 201 Example 3 Zone Impedance Characteristic with Load Encroachment 5. To save the created characteristic, click on File, Save As, give it a name. The impedance characteristic is now saved for use in the Click on Fault test screen. 3.7 Testing Transducers with RTMS In conjunction with the Transducer Hardware Option in the SMRT units, the Transducer Test provides a quick approach to testing all types of single phase and three phase electrical transducers.
Page 183 The test screen defaults to three test points set at 5, 50, and 95% of Full Scale. To change the number of test points, the percentage for each test point, or select the type of transducer to test, press the settings button.
Page 184 and currents needed to test the selected transducer. For example, selection of a single element Watt transducer, V1 and I1 sources will automatically be selected for you. In the case of a three-phase 3 element transducer V1,V2, V3, I1, I2 and I3 will be preselected for your use.
Page 185 Aux. Voltage: If the transducer uses an Auxilary Voltage source for power, enter the voltage value here. Power Factor: Pressing the Power Factor button in the Type window will provide default test values of 69 Volts and 1 A in the Test Settings window. The Power factor test will be performed using these values unless the user changes them.
Page 186 In this example, a value of 1500.0 was entered as the maximum input. The Output Range was set 0 to 1.00 mA. Therefore, the scaling factor will be, 0 mA = 0.0 W, and 1.000 mA = 1500.0 W or, 1mA/1500.0 W = 0.00066666 mA/W Therefore, if the transducer had a measured output of .250 mA, then the equvilent Watts output would be,...
Page 187 Therefore, a test value of 95 V appears for V1 output. The default frequency will also be preset. If a DC transducer had been selected, the Freq. Window for the selected voltage or current would read DC. 3.7.2.2 Transducer Output Section In the following example, a 3 Element 1,500 W transducer was selected in the Setting Screen.
Page 188 2. Select the transducer type to be tested. 3. Enter the transducer's output in DC V or mA. Include the min. and max. values for the type of output, which correlates to the voltage or current. Input the transducer's accuracy value.
Page 189 Example: The default voltage is 120.00 VAC, and the user inputs 500 W as Max. Value. The current required for full scale output from the transducer is, 120 * I1 * COS 0° = 500 W simplifing, I1 = 500/120, or I1 = 4.1667 A Note that the first default test point is set to 90% of Full Scale, which will result in a test current of 3.750 A.
Page 190 3.7.5.2 Power Factor 1 Element The single element power factor transducer requires 1 voltage and 1 current to test. The test set will automatically select the first voltage and current channels available, V1 and I1. The test will initially start at the default values for voltage and current . For example, 120 V L-N, and 5 A.
Page 191 For this example, let's assume the measured output current from the transducer is - 0.489 mA DC. Based on a Lead/Lag value of ± 1 mA equals ± 0.5 PF, the scaling would be equal to 0.5 PF = COS 60° 1 mA/60°...
Page 192 120 * I1 * COS 0° + 120 * I2 * COS 0° = 1000 W Since each phase contibutes half of the power, we can simplify to, I1 = 500 W/120 V, or I1= I2 = 4.1667 A Therefore, when the user inputs 1000 W in the MAX. value window, in the Test Screen the test set should automatically show a test current value for I1 of 4.167 A at an angle of 0°, and I2 will be 4.167 A at an angle of 180°.
Page 193 angle of 0°, and V3 will be 120 V at 300° (delta connected PT's). This assumes that the default phase angle is 0 - 360° lag, and not +/- 180°. If the +/- 180° phase angle option is used, then V3 will be at + 60°. I1 and I3 will be phase shifted 30° with their respective voltages, or I1 at 30°...
Page 194 If this were a 0.5% transducer, then the firmware would compare the accuracy values between the Setting Screen and the Test Screen and would display PASS in the Transducer Output section of the test screen. If the user adjusts the phase angle in the lagging direction by an additional 30°, then the Watts output changes.
Page 195 Where Æ is the incremental angular change between V1 and I1 and V3 and I 3, with I2 changing at the same incremental angle as I1 and I3. Example: The default voltage is 120.00 VAC, and the user inputs 1500 W as Max. Value. The current required for full scale output from the transducer is, 120 * I1 * COS 0°...
Page 196 Using the formula, V1 * I1 * (COS Æ) + V3 * I3 * (COS Æ) + V1 * I2 * (COS 60° + Æ) + V3 * I2 * (COS 60° - Æ) = Total W Where Æ is the incremental angular change of 30° between V1 and I1 and V3 and I3 etc. , then, 120 * 4.1667 * COS 30°...
Page 197 120 * I1 * COS 0° + 120 * I2 * COS 0 + 120 * I3 * COS 0° = 1500 W I1 = 500 W/(120 V * COS 0°), or I1 = 500/120 then I1, I2 and I3 will be 4.1667 A each Therefore, when the user inputs 1500 W in the MAX.
Page 198 120.01* 4.1666 * COS 30° + 120.01 * 4.1666 * COS 30° + 120.01 * 4.1666 * COS 30° or, 433.0418 + 433.0418 + 433.0418 = 1299.13 W Note: All of the calculations are very similar when testing VAR 3 Element transducers. The primary difference is replacing the COS function with the SIN function.
Page 199 Example: The default voltage is 120.00 V and current is 5 A AC, and the user inputs a Power Factor of ± 0.3 as LEAD and LAG Values. The angles required for full scale output from the transducer is, 0.3 Power Factor = COS 72.5° or, + 72.5°...
Page 200 If the accuracy of the transducer were a ± 0.01 PF, then the firmware would compare the accuracy values between the Setting Screen and the Test Screen and would display PASS in the Transducer Output section of the test screen. 3.7.6 Single Phase Applications As previuously described, transducers come in three-phase and single phase configurations.
Page 201 If this were a 0.2% transducer, then the firmware would compare the accuracy values between the Setting Screen and the Test Screen and would display PASS in the Transducer Output section of the test screen. Note: All of the calculations are very similar when testing DC Voltage transducers 3.7.6.2 AC and DC Current Transducers The single phase AC or DC current transducer requires 1 current to test.
Page 202 3.7.6.3 Frequency Transducers The frequency transducer requires 1 voltage output channel to test. The software will automatically select the first voltage channel available, V1. The test will initially start at the default value voltage and frequency that is set in the Default Setting Screen. For example, 120 V L-N, 60.000 Hz.
Page 203 Figure 206 Meter Test Screen The user simply selects the output channels like the manual vector test screen. Values can be in secondary (default) or Primary by clicking on the Primary Ratios windows and entering the CT and VT ratios (see Primary Ratios in the Configuration screen section for details). Enter the desired allowable error in % of reading in the window provided (be sure to take into consideration that this is the total error of the test set plus the error of the relay).
Page 204 Figure 208 SEL Serial Communication Screen Select the appropriate relay by pressing the Relay button (defaulted to SEL 321). Press the Read from Relay button to automatically download the meter values. The software will automatically calculate the percentage error. Click on the test report button to add the Meter test results to the test report.
Page 205 Figure 209 Select (number of) Instances. For the example above, press 1 then select the first type of differential you want to test, i.e., 3 Phase Generator Differential. Input relay settings. Run the entire test that you want for the relay. Then select the Home button and select the Select New Test button.
Page 206 Figure 210 ANSI Transformer Nameplate Model with Interposing CT’s and Io Elimination Selected By entering the known values for the transformer and CT configurations the software will automatically calculate the appropriate three phase primary and secondary current values for testing the relay under test.
Page 207 Figure 211 Primary Winding Selection Box Press or click on the appropriate button that represents the primary winding. Available selections are Y, Yn (grounded Y), D (delta), Dn (grounded Delta), Z, Zn (grounded Z), or Compensated CT’s. The letter ‘n’ signifies a neutral/earthed star-point in which a 1.5 constant will be applied to the single-phase tests.
Page 208 Press or click on the appropriate button that represents the secondary winding. Available selections are y, yn (grounded Y), d (delta), dn (grounded Delta), z, zn (grounded Z), or compensated CT’s. The Compensated CT’s selection tells the software to simulate externally connected CT’s that perform all magnitude and phase compensation, therefore, no compensation, whether magnitude or phase will be applied internally by the software.
Page 209 Transformer Vector Groups and Interposing CT Selection Guide Transformer Vector Groups Interposing Interposing CT Selection CT Selection YNy0, Yy0, Ydy0, Yndy0, Yyn0, YNyn0, Ydyn0, Yndyn0, Dz0 Ydy0, 0° Ydy0,0° Yd1,YNd1 Yd1, -30° Yy0,0° Yd1, YNd1 + Grounding (Earthing) Transformer Yd1, -30° Ydy0,0°...
Page 210 I0 Elimination button – Press the button to enable the zero- sequence elimination feature. For relays with neutral/earthed star-point connections, a 1.5 constant will be applied to the single-phase tests. This is required for elimination of any zero sequence currents introduced when testing single phase to ground faults. If the relay being tested does not adopt this approach, then Io elimination should be disabled.
Page 211 opening time of the breaker associated with the transformer being protected. If the operating time is unknown use the default time of 50 ms. Through Fault: Is set in percent of Full Load Current as seen by the relay on both the primary and secondary sides of the transformer.
Page 212 Line Segments: The Line Segments option allows for any slope characteristic design with up to four segments. When Line Segments is selected the window provides up to four slope options. Setting values vary such as knee points and % slope. Check relay settings for actual setting values.
Page 213 Slope From Base Point: The Slope 1 line segment starts where the X Axis I restraint (pu) value entered in the Line Segment window intersects with the Minimum Pickup (represented by the lower flat line of the graph) and rises at the Gradient % setting. Slope Line 1 segment stops where at the Slope Line 2 segment IBias (p.u.) setting in the Slope Line Segment window.
Page 214 ⑩ IBias Equation: Pressing or clicking on the button will present the user with a list of nine different biasing (restraint) equations. Different relay manufacturers use different methods for restraining the operation of the differential element. Consult the relay manufacturer’s instructional information to verify which equation to use. The following are some example relays and associated equations.
Page 215 ⑯ Add Settings to Report: Press or click on this button to include the relay settings into the test report. ⑰ ICT Correction button is used when testing Reyrolle Duo bias transformer protection relays with interposing current transformers. When the IEC model ① is selected, and the Interposing CT’s ④...
Page 216 3.9.2.1 Stabilization Test The stability test verifies the relay being tested is stable for external 3-phase faults. Settings that affect stability test are: Power transformer, current transformer, vector group combination settings: these settings will determine the correct magnitude and phase angles to be injected on all phases for both windings of the relay.
Page 217 Trip time – This is the expected trip time for the relay to operate. This value should be verified from the relay. If the relay does not trip, the software will inject the fault vector for two* the expected trip time and then automatically stop the test. Prefault Level/Prefault Duration –...
Page 218 relay. The vector group settings will determine the single-phase pick-up factors, which adjusts the Ampere value injected to compensate the vector magnitudes based on a wye, delta, or zigzag- connected transformer. Pickup – This is minimum pickup Per Unit value required for the relay to operate. The search routine will begin from 85% of the minimum pickup and pulse ramp until it finds the operating point.
Page 219 Prefault Level/Time – these values configure the prefault vector that will be injected before any fault vectors. Fault Duration – this setting defines the number of cycles the fault vector will be applied for. Creating Search Lines Upon selecting the Slope Test the user will be taken to the Slope Test Screen, which includes the graphic display of the relay Slope Characteristic.
Page 220 test line. If the test point is outside the acceptable tolerance a red X will appear, the % error will be displayed in the test table with the Fail declaration. 2. To View the test result, press the Add to Reports button.
Page 221 Prefault Level/Time – these values configure the prefault vector that will be injected before any fault vectors. Fault Duration – this setting defines the number of ms the fault vector will be applied. Make sure that this value is slightly more than the operating time of the relay to insure that the test set will see the trip contacts pickup.
Page 222 Harmonic Content – If this value is not entered correctly in the settings screen, the test routine will be performed incorrectly. 1. Connect the appropriate output terminal(s) for the selected channel(s) to be used. 2. Connect the desired Binary Input terminal to sense the relay trip contacts. Press the selected Binary Input.
Page 223 3.10.1 Synchronizer Relay Settings and Configuration Screen Figure 216 Synchronizing Relay Settings and Configuration Screen ① Device Nameplate – System Settings 3.10.1.1 The relay test system voltage channels are used to simulate the two systems being synchronized together, as represented as System 1 and System 2. Enter the appropriate System Values in the windows provided.
Page 224 ④ Test Parameters 3.10.4 If the relay requires Prefault values to be applied prior to starting the test, press or click on the Inject Prefault button to select yes. As mentioned previously the linear mode uses the dv/dt and df/dt to control the system outputs.
Page 225 ② Battery Simulator button 3.10.5.2 The Battery Simulator button – Turns the Battery Simulator ON and OFF by pressing the button, the color changes red for ON and black for OFF. The voltage to be applied is displayed in the button and can be changed by pressing the configuration button.
Page 226 ⑦ Predefined Test button 3.10.5.7 Pressing the predefined test button, the user can select from a list of predefined frequency relay tests that were previously saved to the database. ⑧ Run Test button 3.10.5.8 Pressing or clicking the blue Run Test button will apply the Prefault vector for the specified Time, and then will play all the test lines on the test screen.
Page 227 Figure 218 Run/Edit Button Options The user can; Edit the Start and End values, Run the selected test individually, Run the Remaining tests, Delete the selected test, or Delete All Tests. Press the red X to exit. ⑫ Dynamic Points option 3.10.5.12 The Dynamic Points option provides eight test lines.
Page 228 Figure 219 Frequency Relay Test Settings Screen There are three types of frequency relay test options, Under Frequency, Over Frequency, and df/dt. If your relay is Under frequency only, simply press or click on the Over and df/dt buttons to deselect these settings windows.
Page 229 Figure 221 Timer Start At Selection List Starting the timer at pickup simply means that the timer will start running when the test frequency crosses through the pickup frequency point either as a ramp or as a step function. Starting the timer with binary input simply means the timer will be started from an external contact closing.
Page 230 consult the relay manufacturer’s documentation to know what value of time to enter in the window. Note: changing the Prefault Duration time to Cycles will change the start time to Cycles. Reset Ratio: This is a min and max allowable tolerance associated with the dropout reset setting, which is associated with the double ramp pickup test.
Page 231 Figure 225 Binary Input Screen The default settings are Binary Input 1, dry contacts as indicated by the Input Type, and Input Action defaults to show the Closing of the Normally Open contacts. To change the Input Type from dry contacts to Voltage, press the Input Type icon, and it changes to voltage.
Page 232 ③ df/dt ROCOF Relay Test Settings 3.11.1.3 Figure 226 df/dt Test Setting screen. df/dt >: The rate of change is defined as the df/dt setting in Hz/s. Enter the relay Hz/s setting here. The change in frequency happens when the frequency passes through the positive going zero- crossing of the voltage output waveform.
Page 233 Figure 227 Binary Input Screen The default settings are Binary Input 1, dry contacts as indicated by the Input Type, and Input Action defaults to show the Closing of the Normally Open contacts. To change the Input Type from dry contacts to Voltage, press the Input Type icon, and it changes to voltage.
Page 234 the timing test will be performed by ramping the frequency from the prefault value to the fault value at a pre-calculated ramp rate starting the timer at the Fault Frequency and stopping the timer upon relay trip contact sensing. 3.11.1.6 Prefault Settings The Prefault Values will be the values applied to the relay for the specified Duration time.
Page 235 ④ Test List button 3.11.2.4 Press or click on this button to View the available tests, i.e., Pickup or Timing. ⑤ Return to Frequency Relay Test Settings Screen button 3.11.2.5 Return to the Frequency Relay Test Settings Screen button provides access back to the relay and test settings screen.
Page 236 3.11.4 Frequency Relay Timing Test Screen There are two types of Timing Test available to choose from. To do a Classic Timing test, press or click on the Classic button. The Classic test is a step test from the Prefault to a value slightly greater or less than the specified pickup value.
Page 237 Figure 232 COMTRADE Dialog Box From this dialog box a user can convert digital fault recorder data in COMTRADE format to hexadecimal files compatible with SMRT waveform generators, select the channels and ranges to be uploaded to SMRT unit, and upload and output the waveforms. 3.12.1.1 Processing a COMTRADE File The IEEE Power System Relaying Committee has established a standard called COMTRADE (common transient data exchange) see IEEE C37.111.
Page 238 It also displays the report and allows the user to name the test, enter limits, comments, or deficiencies. Reports can be saved to the STVI internal memory and transferred to PowerDB via a USB memory stick. Previous tests results can be loaded, and the ‘Retest’ option can be used to repeat the test using the same parameters as the previous test.
Page 239 ⑥ Configure Timer button 3.12.2.6 Press the Configure Timer button to view the Timer Setup screen and Labels. The user can view and set where each timer starts and stops (see the following figure). Figure 234 Sequence Timers Settings and Labels Screen Timer Start options provide the starting of multiple timers associated with a change of state on a timer post, Start on the beginning of Playback, start the position of the cursor on the waveform, start on trigger (normally associated with end-to-end test.
Page 240 Figure 236 COMTRADE Timer Stop Options ⑦ Sample Rate 3.12.2.7 The Sample Rate indicates the Sample Rate of the recorded data. The sample rate is taken from the configuration (.cfg) file. If no sample rate is shown in the configuration file (some relay COMTRADE files are missing the sample rate), RTMS will calculate it from the data file.
Page 241 trigger time 1 minute into the future. Pressing or clicking on the green check button will set the trigger time as displayed. ⑪ Binary Input Setting button 3.12.2.11 Press this button to reveal the Binary Input Dialog box. ⑫ Run Predefined Test button 3.12.2.12 Pressing the run predefined test button, the user can select from a list of predefined relay tests that were previously saved to the database.
Page 242 ⑰ 3.12.2.17 Analog Voltage and Current Values The software will display the first three analog channels as defined by the Configuration file. To select other channels, simply click or press on the name window provided and a list of available channels will be provided to select from.
Page 243 Figure 239 Changing Ratios Dialog Box The software will ask if you want to Apply All or Apply To This Phase only. Upon pressing the appropriate application button, you will see the Maximum RMS voltage and/or current that will be applied during the test.
Page 244 Click on the desired digital channels, which will be associated with the appropriate Binary Output channel, see the following example. Figure 241 Assigning Three Digital Channels for Playback Once all the appropriate channels have been selected, with proper ratios set, and scaling completed you have completed the creation of a test.
Page 245 3.12.3.2.1 Zoom and Cursor Controls Use the Zoom in and out buttons to zoom on the waveforms. The forward and backwards buttons will move the waveform along the time axis so that the user can view the whole waveform while zoomed in.
Page 246 Figure 244 Using Cursors 3.12.3.2.2 Cropping button The second to last button in the top row is the cropping button. This will let you crop a waveform to what is between the cursors. If you press the Run Test button, it will only play back what is between the two cursors.
Page 247 Figure 245 Power Swing Input Setting Screen The Power Swing simulation tool is like the Power Swing tool in the Fault Calculator, which uses two superimposing waveforms of similar frequencies to provide a smooth impedance ramp. This method is like a two-source model in that both sources have similar frequencies and amplitudes. For details regarding the theory and some equations associated with the Power Swing simulation, see section.
Page 248 It also displays the report and allows the user to name the test, enter limits, comments, or deficiencies. Reports can be saved to the STVI internal memory and transferred to PowerDB via a USB memory stick. Previous tests results can be loaded, and the ‘Retest’ option can be used to repeat the test using the same parameters as the previous test.
Page 249 10. Global window – Global Settings can affect setting values in the Swing and Results windows. The following are descriptions of each setting in the Global window. Frequency (Hz): Nominal System Frequency in Hertz. Voltage: Nominal Line to Ground System Secondary Voltage (V) Period: Time Period of one complete power swing in seconds (s) This setting will be used to calculate the Global Pre-Fault time in s, as well as the Duration time in seconds in the Swing Window.
Page 250 12. Power Swing Waveform: The Graphic window displays the power swing waveforms that will be played. If more than 1 Turn is specified, the display will include each turn. 13. Results Window: The Results window includes the Nominal voltage, the calculated test Current, the operating Time in s, the calculated Min and Max time values in s, and Pass/Fail based upon the recorded operating Time.
Page 251 Figure 249 Example SS1 File Pre-Test Dialog Box Using the SS1 file data, RTMS will automatically create a State Sequence Test. Test current, voltages, phase angles, and wait times defined in the SS1 file will appear in the Sequencer Test Screen. There are three Modes to select from, Run Immediately, Wait on IRIG-B (requires the IRIG button is enabled in the Configuration screen), and Wait Contact.
Page 252 3.14.1.1.2 Run All button Pressing the run all button the user will see the following options. Figure 251 Predefined Run All Options 3.14.1.1.3 View Results button Press the Report Options button to view the test report. 3.14.1.1.4 Go To Test Screen button Press the Go To Test Screen button to go to the selected test in the Sequencer test screen.
Page 253 Figure 252 Test Notes Screen Pressing the No Action button at the bottom of the note screen will provide options as shown in the following figure. Figure 253 Test Notes and Display Action The user can select to have the test notes displayed upon running the test, or not, or display for X number of seconds.
Page 254 3.14.1.1.7 Edit Test Attribute Script button Pressing this button will take the user to the Edit Test and Attributes screen as shown in the following figure. Figure 254 Edit Test and Attributes Screen The user can change the Group and Test names. Checking the No Report button will exclude this test from Pass/Fail evaluation in the Test Report.
Page 255 If using another test set from a different manufacturer on the other end of the line, the start time of the Megger test set will need to be adjusted to coincide with the start of the other unit. Contact your local Megger sales representative or technical support for more information.
Page 256 3.15 IEC 61850 Megger GOOSE Configurator (MGC) The Megger GOOSE Configurator software (MGC) provides mapping of the binary inputs and outputs of the SMRT test set to the desired GOOSE messages. The GOOSE messages are read from available SCL (Substation Configuration Language) files or may be automatically detected by scanning the substation network in search of available published GOOSE messages.
Page 257 GOOSE message from the tested IED to a chosen binary input. The mapped binary input is programmed to stop the timer of the Megger test set. This last action is done using RTMS.
Page 258 Figure 259 External relay energization (auto-recloser start) test of an IEC 61850 IED with a SMRT equipped with the IEC 61850 GOOSE interface. 3.15.2 MGC Menus The following are descriptions of the MGC Menus Figure 260 MGC Tool Bar Menu 3.15.2.1 File Tab 3.15.2.1.1...
Page 259 3.15.2.1.3 Open Opens an *.mgc file. 3.15.2.1.4 Download Settings to Test Set This function is used to download (writing) a mapping configuration to the test set. 3.15.2.1.5 Exit Closes the MGC. 3.15.2.2 Edit Tab All operations in this menu affect the GOOSE messages in the active tab. No changes will be made until the new configuration is downloaded.
Page 260 3.15.2.3 View Tab The following are descriptions of the MGC View Tab Figure 262 The View Tab Menu 3.15.2.3.1 Collapse All If a GOOSE message is expanded, this command will collapse all GOOSE messages. 3.15.2.3.2 Expand All Expand all will show all the properties of the GOOSE messages. 3.15.2.3.3 Open Log This menu allows the user to view the log file containing all the user's and MGC operations.
Page 261 Figure 264 Selecting Ethernet Port 3.15.2.4.6 Set Test Set IP Display window used to enter IP address of the front port of the Megger test set to allow the download of the GOOSE mapping. Figure 265 Window for Setting IP address.
Page 262 Figure 266 Preferences Screen Selections 3.15.2.4.7.1 Full View In Full View, all information associated with GOOSE messages will be shown. See the following example. Figure 267 Full View GOOSE Messages Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 263 Figure 268 Example of Easy View GOOSE Message 3.15.2.4.7.3 FREJA 4xx Mode This allows MGC to work with Megger FREJA 4xx relay test sets. The GOOSE messages will be assigned to FREJA 4xx binary inputs (subscription) and binary outputs (publication).
Page 264 It is not recommended during maintenance testing, or anyway when the substation is in operation. If you are unsure, always connect your PC to the ISOLATED port of the Megger relay test equipment, and then connect the IEC 61850 port to the substation bus.
Page 265 Figure 270 MGC GOOSE Filter Options Screen 3.15.2.5.1 Delete On Add To Filter This option will remove selected GOOSE messages from the current tab when added to the FILTER tab. 3.15.2.5.2 Filter Allows Update This option allows only the GOOSE messages in the FILTER tab to be captured/updated, with the next Capture operation.
Page 266 With this menu it is possible to manipulate the test service parameter and to manipulate the test bits in the test quality attributes of the published GOOSE messages by the Megger relay test set. Figure 271 IEC 61850 Ed.1 Test Selection Menu 3.15.2.7...
Page 267 3.15.3.1 SCL Button Import GOOSE messages from an SCL file. 3.15.3.2 C Button Capture (sniff) GOOSE messages from the network. 3.15.3.3 DL Button Download writing settings to test set. 3.15.3.4 MERGE Button This will merge captured and imported GOOSE messages into one tab. 3.15.3.5 COMPARE Button This button appears if a MERGE tab exists.
Page 268 Capturing GOOSE messages from the network is another method of importing them into the MGC software. 1. Connect the PC to the PC or ISOLATED port on the Megger relay test system. If using the MGC Onboard in RTMS Enhanced there is no need to connect a PC.
Page 269 MGC. Note It is recommended to have the PC Ethernet port address compatible with the IP address of the Megger relay test set port. Figure 276 Selecting PC Ethernet Port Set the test set IP Address.
Page 270 Figure 278 Captured GOOSE Messages 3.15.4.2 How to Monitor GOOSE Messages While running a Capture process, the MGC will show the state of the captured signals. Any change of state will be highlighted with color change of the signal, purple for off (false) and red for on (true). Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 271 Figure 279 Example State Change of Captured GOOSE Messages 3.15.5 GOOSE Message Analysis Many different types of messages are transported using the same network. The built-in sniffer in MGC helps by showing only GOOSE messages and filtering out any other type of Ethernet messages. Even if this narrows down the amount of traffic that may need to be analyzed, there still may be a substantial amount of information that needs to be sorted out before getting down to the wanted details.
Page 272 understand what the difference between the GOOSE messages is. This difference is usually the cause of non-reception of a GOOSE message from some IEDs: there are some differences between the expected GOOSE (described in the SCL file) and the available GOOSE (published on the network). 3.15.5.4 Confirmation All captured GOOSE messages are confirmed, i.e., they really exist on the network, and are thus marked...
Page 273 The two IEDs are “RET670_IEC” and “GOOSER”. The “RET670_IEC” is configured to send three GOOSE messages, as can be seen from the picture above. Only “RET670_IEC” is connected to the substation bus. By scanning the substation bus the following GOOSE messages are detected: Figure 280 Captured GOOSE Messages Note: In the published GOOSE messages the single information “IED name”...
Page 274 Figure 281 Merged GOOSE Messages You can see that 2 messages have been successfully merged (the icon “M” indicates this). This means that these two messages are identical with the information on the SCD file: the IEDs in the substation are publishing the GOOSE messages exactly as it is configured in the SCD file.
Page 275 For this example, the IED IP Address is only available in the SCL file (and not on the published message), while the MAC Address of the IED Ethernet port is only available on the published message (but not on the SCD file): Figure 283 IED IP Address in the SCL File For the dataset you can also see that the data object information (name of the single information in the dataset), only available on the SCD file, has been merged with the raw information (Boolean) available on...
Page 276 Figure 286 Exploring GOOSE Messages You can see that the published GOOSE (green color) has a VLAN of 256. The engineered GOOSE (SCL GOOSE, black color) has a VLAN of 1. This difference can cause the one IED configured to receive this GOOSE message, might not do that.
Page 277 Figure 287 Merged and Non-Merged GOOSE Messages Select the two non-merged messages (SHIFT-select or CTR-select on both) and click on COMPARE, see the following figure. Figure 288 Comparing GOOSE Messages You will get the new COMPARE tab, where the list of differences is shown, see the following figure. Figure 289 Comparison Differences Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 278 SCD file. 3.15.7 Configuration SMRT test sets can subscribe to or publish binary signals. Configuration must be done for the Megger relay test set to know which input(s)-, or/and output(s) shall be mapped to what GOOSE messages. Configuration is done by copying the wanted GOOSE messages to the "MyGOOSE" tab in MGC.
Page 279 Figure 292 Selecting a GOOSE imported from an SCL-file for operation and Copy to MyGOOSE Figure 293 Mapping an Imported GOOSE in MyGOOSE 3.15.7.1 Mapping SMRT binary inputs to GOOSE messages (subscription) This operation is necessary when the relay test set needs to react on some relay signals that in the conventional technology are relay contacts (trip, start power swing detected etc.) and in the IEC 61850 technology are represented by published GOOSE messages.
Page 280 Figure 295 Opening DataSet 2] Select a bit (or several bits) of the dataset and map it to the wanted binary input under GOOSE Subscription. Figure 296 Mapping Binary Input #1 (BIN1) When the choice is done, in the example the Relay Test Set will be instructed to map the bit n. 1 of the dataset to its binary input 1: 3] This information must then be sent (down- loaded) to the Relay Test Set by clicking on the button “DL”...
Page 281 After that the SMRT will behave according to how it has been instructed. For the given example this means that when the bit 1 of the dataset of the GOOSE message 01-0C-CD- 01-00-AB is "1", SMRT "believes" its binary input 1 is activated and when the bit is "0" the SMRT "believes" it is not activated. 3.15.7.2 Mapping SMRT binary outputs to GOOSE messages (publication) This operation is necessary when SMRT needs to activate some signals to the relay under test.
Page 282 By choosing "Deactivate", all the test service parameters are set to FALSE, no matter what their original state was. By choosing "Reset" all the published GOOSE messages will have the test service parameter value according to the original value. If SCL-GOOSE it is FALSE, if it is a SNIFFED- GOOSE it depends on the value it had when the message was captured.
Page 283 3.15.7.4 Manipulating the IEC-61850 test attribute in the quality parameter in the published GOOSE messages by the SMRT. In the second half of the window (shown in "Manipulating the IEC-61850 test service parameter in pub) it is possible to manipulate the value of the test bit in the quality attribute of all GOOSE messages sent by the SMRT.
Page 284 3.16.1 Testing Relays with Sampled Values The Megger relay test system IEC 61850 Ethernet port is connected to the IEC 61850-9-2 process bus (or directly to the Ethernet port of the relay) and after configuration using the SVA software is programmed to publish either 50 Hz or 60 Hz IEC 61850-9-2 LE Sampled Values instead of analog values from the output terminals using RTMS.
Page 285 Figure 1 The SV Analyzer Start Up Screen 3.16.2.1 SVA File The File option contains 5 selections: 3.16.2.1.1 New File This option allows users to select a new configuration page. 3.16.2.1.2 Open File Opens an *.sva file. 3.16.2.1.3 Save File This option allows the user to save *.sva file.
Page 286 Figure 2 SV Configurator Screen The following descriptions apply for all streams. 3.16.3.1 Enter MAC address definition for SV streams 1, 2 and 3. Note that each data stream has a separate and unique MAC address, see figure above. 3.16.3.2 VLAN ID (int) Allows user to define VLAN ID for streams 1, 2 and 3.
Page 287 3.16.3.8 SV ID) Each data stream may have a user assigned ID. In the figure above, each data stream SV ID ends with the assigned number of 1 for stream1, 2 for stream 2, and 3 for stream 3. 3.16.3.9 Config Rev (int) Configuration revision number.
Page 288 3.16.4.1 Network Interface The Network Interface pulldown window allows the user to select the Network interface to the test system. See the following example. Figure 298 Selection of a Network Interface 3.16.4.2 Start button. The Start button allows user to start capturing the SV stream data packets through the Network interface and display digital values as shown below.
Page 289 Figure 301 Last Captured Sampled Values Data Packet 3.16.4.4 Clear All button. Pressing the Clear All button will clear all captured Sampled Values and set the data to zero. 3.16.5 SV Viewer The SV Viewer allows the user to view all captured SV Stream data in a graphical format. Figure 302 SV Viewer Startup Screen 3.16.5.1 Start button.
Page 290 Figure 303 Captured Sampled Values as Waveforms 3.16.5.1.1 Enable/Disable Analog Channels Click on the check box “ ” to enable/disable the channels for the displayed stream in the chart. Selecting all channels for SMRT_SVID01, 02, 03, the user could expect to see something like the following figure. Figure 304 Captured waveforms for all channels.
Page 291 3.16.5.3 Viewing Data After capturing a block of Sampled Values, the user may see something like the following figure, where 5,000 ms of data were captured. Figure 305 Example of Captured Sampled Values Data If the user wishes to view the waveforms between 1000 ms to 2000 ms, then left click near 1000 ms on the line and hold the left mouse button moving the cursor across to the 2000 ms line.
Page 292 To clear captured data, press the Clear All button in the SV Snapshot tab. Warranty Statement Megger warrants the product is free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of shipment. This warranty is non-transferable. This warranty is limited and shall not apply to...
Page 293 7. Damage caused by transporting of the equipment, routine cleaning, etc. The warranty is in lieu of all other warranties either expressed or implied on the part of Megger, and in no event shall Megger be liable for the consequential damages due to the breach thereof.
Page 294 PC for storage to unzip or extract to a file. Firmware upgrade using a USB Memory Stick. 1. With the SMRT and STVI powered up, insert the USB memory stick into the USB port on top of the STVI.
Page 295 5.2.1.1 Power Input Input voltage affects the whole unit, including the 48 VDC to the STVI from the PoE port, and may or may not cause permanent damage if voltage is incorrect. These problems can often be corrected by simply using a quality source of input power.
Page 296 Basic troubleshooting of the Ethernet communication cable as follows, No power: Check power source and line cord. If the SMRT unit powers up, but the STVI display does light up, check the cable, and cable connectors. Typical problem is usually a broken conductor or cracked cable connector.
Page 297 Contact the factory for a Repair Authorization Number and return instructions if service is required. A Repair Authorization (RA) number will be assigned for proper handling of the unit when it arrives at the factory. Any non-warranty repair cost incurred for the repair or replacement of parts and/or materials shall be the responsibility of the purchaser.
Page 298 Addendum A *Standard enclosure model shown Model SMRT1 Megger Single Phase Relay Tester Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 299 Operation The unit’s design is a "modular" concept. All inputs and outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped so continual reference to the instruction manual should not be necessary once the operator is acquainted with the test system. General Description Figure 308 SMRT1 (Standard unit pictured) 1.1.1 Front Panel...
Page 300 operation, the unit providing the 61850/OUT link is providing the primary phase reference to all units “downstream”. 6. 61850/OUT ⑥ Ethernet Port is a 10/100BaseTX port and is primarily used to interconnect multiple SMRT units together for synchronous multi-unit operation. With the PC connected to the PC/ IN Port, the SMRT1 61850 / OUT port may be connected to another SMRT unit PC/IN port “downstream”...
Page 301 Figure 310 SMRT1 Rack Mount Back Panel Power Input 1. Incoming Power/Line Cord – the input line cord, ground terminal, are mounted on the back panel of the test set. Input Line Cord The test set is equipped with a line cord; see the accessory kit, which connects to the male plug on the back panel.
Page 302 The input voltage may be from 100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 600 VA. The input is protected by an ON/OFF switch/circuit breaker. 1.2.1. Input Power Cord Depending on the country, the power cord can come with a NEMA 5-15 male connector, a CEE 7/7 Schuko two prong connector, a UK power cord, or with International Color Coded pig-tail wires (light blue, brown and green with yellow stripe) with the insulation jacket stripped ready for installation of the appropriate male connector.
Page 303 The voltage amplifier output is protected from short circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of a short circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and if the STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists. 1.3.2. Current Amplifier The SMRT current amplifier delivers maximum compliance voltage to the load constantly during the test, and range changing is done automatically, on-the-fly, under load.
Page 304 The current amplifier output is protected from open circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of an open circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and if the STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists. Binary Input and Output Figure 312 SMRT1 Binary Input and Output The SMRT1 Binary Input and Output are clearly marked and logically grouped.
Page 305 1. With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit connect the IN Ethernet Port on the SMRT unit to the Ethernet port on the PC Ethernet port. If using the STVI-2, connect the SMRT1 IN port to the PoE power supply Data In port, and connect the Data & Power Out port to the STVI Ethernet port.
Page 306 Figure 313 SMRT1 Communication Ports 2.2.1 PC/IN Ethernet Port PC/IN Ethernet Port is a 10/100BaseTX port and is the primary PC connection port. This port supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover configuration, which means both standard and “crossover” Ethernet cables may be used. This port provides the optimal method for downloading EMTP files, DFR streaming, and updating the unit’s firmware as required.
Page 307 Figure 314 PowerDB Instrument Setup Screen With the Auto Discover Unit box checked RTMS should find the unit. If not, the IP address can be entered in the box highlighted in the figure above. Also note that the IP address is also printed on the unit nameplate sticker.
Page 308 If using the sleeved pair of current test leads (part number 2001-394), connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 309 Figure 316 Manual Test Screen – Three SMRT1 Units in Single Phase Operation The STVI will automatically set all three currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the three current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the desired output current.
Page 310 Figure 318 Series Two Currents Using RTMS on the STVI or a PC set each of two current channels to the same test current magnitude, and phase angle. Select both current channels and turn output on by pressing or clicking on the ALL ON/OFF button.
Page 311 Figure 319 Series of Voltage Channels 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta, and T-Connection 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta Two methods of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source are available. The Open-Delta configuration is easier to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly.
Page 312 NOTE: This method should not be used for low fault voltages, or used on solid state relays that may be sensitive to this type of connection (i.e., 5 V or less, or for testing ABB or Westinghouse type SKD relays). 3Ø, 4-Wire, Y-Connection A three-phase, four-wire potential system can be provided using three output modules.
Page 313 Addendum B Model SMRT1D Megger Relay Tester Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 314 Operation The unit’s design is a "modular" concept. All inputs and outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped so continual reference to the instruction manual should not be necessary once the operator is acquainted with the test system. General Description Figure 322 SMRT1D Top Panel 1.1.1 Top Panel...
Page 315 STVI. Keyboard and/or mouse are not provided with accessories. 8. ⑧ USB Interface - USB Interface requires a Type B “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger software for automated relay testing.
Page 316 Control Knob– this knob will adjust values once the box location of the value to be ② changed is selected. ③ POWER ON/OFF Switch – used to switch unit on and off. ④ Incoming Power/ Line Cord – the input line cord, ground terminal, are mounted on the right-side panel of the test set.
Page 317 8.0 V RMS 1.5 s or 90 cycles When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as current phases 4 and 5. The voltage amplifier output is protected from short circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads.
Page 318 1.3.2. Current Amplifier Figure 325 SMRT1D Current Channel The SMRT current amplifier Constant Power Output feature delivers maximum compliance voltage to the load constantly during the test, and range changing is done automatically, on-the-fly, under load. This ensures better test results, saves time by not having to turn the outputs off to change output taps or ranges, and unlike single range current amplifiers insures a higher compliance voltage at lower test currents.
Page 319 Unpack System Unpack the unit and check for evidence of any shipping damage. If there is any visual damage, immediately notify the freight carrier to make a damage claim and notify Megger of the damage. Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 320 The USB Type A port is intended for use with downloading RTMS, SMRT firmware, or stored PowerDB test results. A USB keyboard or mouse can also be used with the STVI. The Type B USB Interface requires a Type B “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger RTMS PC version for automated relay testing.
Page 321 Ethernet port. Turn the test set on. As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. If using the PC version of RTMS it will auto-detect the SMRT unit connected to the PC.
Page 322 GOOSE messages. Connect the Ethernet IN port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator software, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs. In addition, it can simulate system conditions such as circuit breaker operation by publishing GOOSE messages mapped to the SMRT binary outputs.
Page 323 If using the current test leads connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 324 Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 325 Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed. Pressing either of these two will present the user with a window to select the desired level of increment for manually ramping the outputs, the desired channel(s) to be ramped, and what is to be adjusted (amplitude, phase angle or frequency).
Page 326 Figure 332 Series of Voltage Channels for Floating Ungrounded Common Returns 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta See section 3.4.2 in RTMS for detailed descriptions and use of the Open-Delta. 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta The Open-Delta configuration is easy to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly.
Page 327 Addendum C * SMRT36 shown with “P” Plus option (Extra Binary Inputs / Outputs and battery simulator) Model SMRT33/36/43/46. Megger Relay Tester Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 328 GPS satellite receiver for external initiation, or the input of an IRIG-B signal (see use of Wait IRIG-B input using the STVI Sequencer test). More Binary Inputs are available with the P option see Front Panel section for more information. The Binary Inputs will accept a voltage range of 5 to 300 VAC, or 5 to 250 VDC, or dry Normally Open/Normally Closed contacts.
Page 329 When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as V1 = I4, V2 = I5 and V3 = I6. For more details on the VIGEN output capabilities see section 1.4.
Page 330 1.1.2 Front Panel: Figure 335 SMRT36 with P Option Front Panel 1. ① Incoming Power/Line Cord – the input line cord, ground terminal, are mounted on the front panel of the test set for both the N and P option units. Input Line Cord The test set is equipped with a line cord, which connects to the male connector on the front panel.
Page 331 ⑥ Binary Inputs – the P option provides 8 additional (numbered 3 through 10), independent, galvanically isolated, Start/Stop or Monitor circuits to monitor operation of relay contacts or trip SCR. A continuity light is provided for each input gate. Upon sensing continuity, or voltage applied, the lamp will glow.
Page 332 6 currents for testing three phase current differential relays. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as current phases 4, 5 and 6. The voltage amplifier output is protected from short circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads.
Page 333 The current amplifier output is protected from open circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of an open circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and if the STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists. Binary Inputs and Outputs Figure 338 Binary Inputs and Outputs 1 and 2 Binary Inputs and Outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped.
Page 334 1.4.1 Binary Inputs The binary inputs are specifically designed to measure high speed operation of electro-mechanical, solid- state, and microprocessor-based protection relays. All binary Inputs default to Monitor Mode, Contact change of state, latched OFF. If using RTMS to change a binary input from Contact change of state to Voltage Applied/Removed click on or touch the Input Type window and a sine wave will appear where the Contact icon was indicating.
Page 335 1. With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit connect the STVI Ethernet Port on the SMRT unit to the Ethernet port on the top of the Smart Touch View Interface (STVI). If using RTMS on a PC, connect the PC/OUT Ethernet Port on the SMRT unit to the PC Ethernet port.
Page 336 USB 2.0 Interface requires a Type B “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger RTMS or RTMS on a STVI for automated relay testing. It is recommended that you use the Ethernet port for high speed communication and control of the SMRT unit.
Page 337 PC Ethernet port. Turn the test set on. As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. If using the PC version of RTMS it will auto-detect the SMRT unit connected to the PC.
Page 338 With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit, connect the STVI Ethernet Port on the SMRT top panel to the Ethernet port on the top of the Smart Touch View Interface (STVI). As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. The STVI will auto- detect the SMRT unit (does not require the user to input an IP address).
Page 339 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 340 Figure 342 Manual Test Screen – SMRT36 Single Phase Operation The STVI will automatically set all three currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the three current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the desired output The SMRT33/43 screen will look similar except for a limited maximum output current of 135 A vs.
Page 341 ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 342 Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed. Pressing either of these two will present the user with a window to select the desired level of increment for manually ramping the outputs, the desired channel(s) to be ramped, and what is to be adjusted (amplitude, phase angle or frequency).
Page 343 Initiate the two current channels simultaneously by pressing the ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 344 Figure 347 Series of Voltage Channels with Grounded Common Returns 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta, and T-Connection See section 3.4.2 in RTMS for detailed descriptions and use of the Open-Delta and T-Connection. 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta The Open-Delta configuration is easy to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly.
Page 345 4.2.2 T Connection The second method of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source is the so-called T-Connection. The method, shown in the following figure, is easier to use when obtaining an unbalanced, phase - to -phase fault simulation since it eliminates calculations. To reduce confusion when using the T- Connection, the voltage output #1 is designated V and its phase angle set at 0°, voltage output #2 is designated V...
Page 346 Addendum D Model SMRT36D Megger Relay Tester Part 81757 Rev 18 Date 07/2024...
Page 347 Operation The unit’s design is a "modular" concept. All inputs and outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped so continual reference to the instruction manual should not be necessary once the operator is acquainted with the test system. The unit’s Top Panel will appear different among units, since each unit may have up to three optional Voltage/Current Generator (VIGEN) Modules installed.
Page 348 Phases A, B and C Current Channels (I1, I2 and I3) are denoted by the yellow color. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as V1 = I4, V2 = I5 and V3 = I6. For more details on the VIGEN output capabilities see section 1.4.
Page 349 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator in the RTMS, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs.
Page 350 SMRT for download onto another PC with PowerDB software for storage or printing. In addition, the user can use a USB keyboard, as well as a mouse, in conjunction with the STVI. Keyboard and/or mouse are not provided with accessories.
Page 351 Model SMRT36D X0XXXXEXXX comes with a Continental Europe power cord (part number 50425). Model SMRT36D X0XXXXIXXX comes with an International Color Code power cord. The cord, part number 15065, is ready for wiring to the appropriate plug (depending on country). The following colors apply, Brown = Line, Blue = Neutral and Green/Yellow = Ground.
Page 352 6 currents for testing three phase current differential relays. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as current phases 4, 5 and 6. The voltage amplifier output is protected from short circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads.
Page 353 Binary Inputs and Outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped. The unit’s Top Panel will appear different among units, which means Binary Input/Output 1 will always be occupied, while Binary Input/Output 2 may, nor may not, depending on the configuration. If the Transducer option is installed Binary Input/Output 3 will be replaced by the DC Input terminals, with a different overlay.
Page 354 100 W, 4 A max. User may select from normal setting values of 24, 48, 125, or 250 VDC, or enter the desired output voltage in the window provided, see the STVI Configuration Screen. The output is variable using the STVI Control Knob, or the PC up/down cursor arrows (see the STVI section of the manual). CAUTION: NOTE: DC voltage is ON and available when the output is turned on using the touch panel or via software command.
Page 355 The USB Type A ports are intended for use with downloading RTMS, SMRT firmware, or stored PowerDB test results. A USB keyboard or mouse can also be used with the STVI. USB TO PC Interface requires a Type B “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger RTMS or RTMS on a STVI for automated relay testing.
Page 356 PC Ethernet port. Turn the test set on. As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. If using the PC version of RTMS it will auto-detect the SMRT unit connected to the PC.
Page 357 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator in the RTMS, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs. In addition, it can simulate system conditions such as circuit breaker operation by publishing GOOSE messages mapped to the SMRT binary outputs.
Page 358 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 359 Figure 358 Manual Test Screen – Single Phase Operation The STVI will automatically set all three currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the three current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the desired output current.
Page 360 Figure 359 Two Currents in Parallel Set each channel to one-half of the output requirement. Be sure and reset current channel #2 to 0 degrees so that it will be in-phase with current channel #1. With both current channels selected, turn output on by pressing or clicking on the ALL ON/OFF button.
Page 361 Figure 360 Series Two Currents with Floating Output Unit The two current channels that are to be used in series set each to the same test current magnitude, and phase angle. Select both current channels and turn output on by pressing or clicking on the ALL ON/OFF button.
Page 362 The two current channels that are to be used in series set each to the same test current magnitude. Initiate the two current channels simultaneously by pressing the ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò...
Page 363 Figure 363 Series of Voltage Channels with Grounded Common Returns 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta, and T-Connection See section 3.4.2 in RTMS for detailed descriptions and use of the Open-Delta and T-Connection. 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta The Open-Delta configuration is easy to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly.
Page 364 4.2.2 T Connection The second method of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source is the so-called T-Connection. The method, shown in the following figure, is easier to use when obtaining an unbalanced, phase - to -phase fault simulation since it eliminates calculations. To reduce confusion when using the T- Connection, the voltage output #1 is designated V and its phase angle set at 0°, voltage output #2 is designated V...
Page 365 For the earth grounded common return (G or E) units, there is an internal common ground between the voltage and current channel return terminals. Therefore, only one return lead is required for the voltage channels. If using separate individual test leads, for the floating common units the user must connect the associated voltage channels black common returns together as shown above.
Page 366 Addendum E Model SMRT43D/46D. Megger Relay Tester...
Page 367 Operation The unit’s design is a "modular" concept. All inputs and outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped so continual reference to the instruction manual should not be necessary once the operator is acquainted with the test system. The unit’s Top Panel will appear different among units, since each unit may have up to three optional Voltage/Current Generator (VIGEN) Modules installed.
Page 368 I3) are denoted by the yellow color. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as V1 = I4, V2 = I5 and V3 = I6. For more details on the VIGEN output capabilities see section 1.4.
Page 369 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator in RTMS, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs.
Page 370 “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger RTMS for automated relay testing. A USB cable is not provided with the test set or in the optional accessories. For computer control, an Ethernet cable is provided.
Page 371 Model SMRT46D X0XXXXEXXX comes with a Continental Europe power cord (part number 50425). Model SMRT46D X0XXXXIXXX comes with an International Color Code power cord. The cord, part number 15065, is ready for wiring to the appropriate plug (depending on country). The following colors apply, Brown = Line, Blue = Neutral and Green/Yellow = Ground.
Page 372 The voltage amplifier output is protected from short circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of a short circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and if the STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists.
Page 373 STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists. Binary Inputs and Outputs Figure 368 Binary Inputs and Outputs 1 and 2 Binary Inputs and Outputs are clearly marked and logically grouped. The unit’s Top Panel will appear different among units, which means Binary Input/Output 1 will always be occupied, while Binary Input/Output 2 may, nor may not, depending on the configuration.
Page 374 1.4.1.1.1 Dry Contacts Open Timer stops or a continuity indicator goes out at the opening of normally closed contacts, or when conduction through a semiconductor device, such as a triac or a transistor, is interrupted. 1.4.1.1.2 Dry Contacts Close Timer stops or a continuity indicator glows at the closing of the normally open contacts, or upon conduction through a semiconductor device such as a triac or a transistor.
Page 375 Configuration Screen. Source may also be used as a synchronizing or polarization voltage providing 0 – 150 Volts AC at 100 VA. The output is variable using the STVI Control Knob, or the PC up/down cursor arrows (see the STVI section of the manual).
Page 376 The USB Type A ports are intended for use with downloading RTMS, SMRT firmware, or stored PowerDB test results. A USB keyboard or mouse can also be used with the STVI. USB TO PC Interface requires a Type B “downstream” connector and is primarily used as a communication and control port when used with a PC and Megger RTMS or RTMS on the STVI for automated relay testing.
Page 377 PC Ethernet port. Turn the test set on. As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. If using the PC version of RTMS it will auto-detect the SMRT unit connected to the PC. Once it auto-detects the unit, and determines the configuration of the SMRT unit connected, the Manual screen will appear.
Page 378 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator software, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs.
Page 379 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 380 Figure 374 Manual Test Screen – Single Phase Operation The STVI will automatically set all three currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the three current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the desired output current.
Page 381 Currents in Series Operation Two current channels may be connected in series to double the available compliance voltage. High impedance electromechanical ground (earth) overcurrent relays have always been difficult to test at high multiples of tap due to the winding impedance and saturation characteristics. The peak voltage required can exceed the maximum output voltage of one SMRT43D/46D current output channel, depending on the required test current.
Page 382 Figure 377 Series of Two Current Channels with Grounded Common Returns NOTE: One current channel should be set to 0 degrees and the other current channel should be set to a phase angle of 180 degrees so that the two compliance voltages add across the load.
Page 383 Figure 378 Series of Voltage Channels for Floating Ungrounded Common Returns Figure 379 Series of Voltage Channels with Grounded Common Returns 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta, and T-Connection See section 3.4.2 in RTMS for detailed descriptions and use of the Open-Delta and T- Connection.
Page 384 setting 0° on V and 300 (60° leading assuming that the default phase rotation is set to 360° Lag) on V , see the following figure. Figure 380 Three Phase Open Delta Connections 4.2.2 T Connection The second method of obtaining a three-phase, three-wire voltage source is the so-called T- Connection.
Page 385 If using the sleeved multi-lead voltage test leads (part number 2001-395), all the black return leads are interconnected together inside the sleeve so they will all share the return together. Therefore, only one return lead is provided on the relay connection side of the sleeved leads (like the connections in the following figure).
Page 386 Addendum F * SMRT410 shown with DIGEN and “P” Plus options Model SMRT410 Megger Relay Tester...
Page 387 Binary 1 may relate to a remote trigger pulse from a GPS satellite receiver for external initiation, or the input of an IRIG-B signal (see use of Wait IRIG-B input using the STVI Sequencer test). More Binary Inputs are available with the P option see Front Panel section for more information.
Page 388 I4) are denoted by the yellow color. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as V1 = I5, V2 = I6, V3 = I7, and V4 = I8. For more details on the VIGEN output capabilities see section 1.4.
Page 389 1. Incoming Power/Line Cord ① – the input line cord, ground terminal, are mounted on the front panel of the test set for both the N and P option units. Input Line Cord The test set is equipped with a line cord, which connects to the male connector on the front panel.
Page 390 VIGENS, the maximum input power is 1800 VA. The input is protected by a power ON/OFF switch/circuit breaker. 1.2.1. Input Power Cord Depending on the country, the power cord can come with a NEMA 5-15 male connector, a CEE 7/7 Schuko two prong connector, with International Color Coded pig-tail wires (light blue, brown and green with yellow stripe) with the insulation jacket stripped ready for installation of the appropriate male connector, or with UK power cord.
Page 391 8 currents. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as current phases 5, 6, 7, and 8. If the optional Double- Current (DIGEN) module is installed, the convertible channels will be labeled current phases 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Page 392 The current amplifier output is protected from open circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of an open circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and if the STVI is connected a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists.
Page 393 5 to 250 VDC rated at 100 W, 4 A max. User may select from normal setting values of 24, 48, 125, or 250 VDC, or enter the desired output voltage in the window provided, see the STVI Configuration Screen. The primary application is to provide DC logic voltage to solid-state and microprocessor relays.
Page 394 3. With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit connect the STVI Ethernet Port on the SMRT unit to the Ethernet port on the top of the Smart Touch View Interface (STVI). If using RTMS on a PC, connect the PC/OUT Ethernet Port on the SMRT unit to the PC Ethernet port.
Page 395 PC Ethernet port. Turn the test set on. As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear. If using the PC version of RTMS it will auto-detect the SMRT unit connected to the PC. Once it auto-detects the unit, and determines the configuration of the SMRT unit connected, the Manual screen will appear.
Page 396 With the Ethernet cable supplied with the unit, connect the STVI Ethernet Port on the SMRT top panel to the Ethernet port on the top of the Smart Touch View Interface (STVI). As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in less than a minute the STVI power up screen will appear.
Page 397 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 398 Figure 389 Manual Test Screen – 4 Channel SMRT410 Single Phase Operation The STVI will automatically set all four currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the four current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the...
Page 399 ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 400 ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed.
Page 401 Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both current channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò buttons will be displayed. If using an STVI controller the Control Knob icon will be displayed. Pressing either of these...
Page 402 DO NOT attempt to series more than two voltage channels together. The test leads are rated for 600 V maximum. Figure 393 Series of Voltage Channels for Floating Ungrounded Common Returns Figure 394 Series of Voltage Channels with Grounded Common Returns...
Page 403 3Ø, 3-Wire, Open-Delta, and T-Connection See section 3.4.2 in RTMS for detailed descriptions and use of the Open-Delta and T- Connection. 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta The Open-Delta configuration is easy to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly. No calculations are necessary. When using the Open-Delta configuration, it is suggested to use voltage channel #1, designated , and voltage channel #2, designated V , while the COMMON binding post is designated V...
Page 404 3Ø, 4-Wire, Y-Connection A three-phase, four-wire potential system can be provided using three output modules. The vector relationships are referenced below. This Y-Connection has the advantage of being able to supply a higher line-to-line voltage (1.73 x phase-to-neutral voltage). It is ideally suited for simulating phase-to-ground faults.
Page 405 Addendum G Model SMRT410D Multi-Phase Relay Test System...
Page 406 V4) are denoted by the red color. Phases A, B, C and D Current Channels (I1, I2, I3 and I4) are denoted by the yellow color. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the STVI display as V1 = I5, V2 = I6, V3 = I7, and V4 = I8.
Page 407 to 4 from bottom to top, with the topmost VIGEN numbered 4. The DIGEN current channels are numbered 5 and 6. When the voltage generators are converted to current generators, they will change on the touch screen display as V1 = I7, V2 = I8, V3 = I9, and V4 = I10.
Page 408 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator in the RTMS, the SMRT can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs.
Page 409 It may also be used to download test results from the SMRT for download onto another PC with PowerDB software for storage or printing. In addition, the user can use a USB keyboard, as well as a mouse, in conjunction with the STVI. Keyboard and/or mouse are not provided with accessories.
Page 410 Model SMRT410 XXP2X0AXXX comes with a North American power cord (part number 620000). Model SMRT410 XXP2X0EXXX comes with a Continental Europe power cord (part number 50425). Model SMRT410 XXP2X0 comes with an International Color Code power cord. The cord, part number 15065, is ready for wiring to the appropriate plug (depending on country). The following colors apply, Brown = Line, Blue = Neutral and Green/Yellow = Ground.
Page 411 The SMRT PowerV™ voltage amplifier provides a flat power curve from 30 to 150 V in the 150 V range to permit testing of high current applications such as panel testing. The following outputs are provided. Voltage Range Power/Current (Max) 30.00 V 150V A @ 5.0 A 150.00 V...
Page 412 The current amplifier output is protected from open circuits and thermally protected against prolonged overloads. In case of an open circuit or a thermal overload, the amplifier will automatically turn off, and a message to the user will be displayed indicating which condition exists.
Page 413 To monitor operation of the contacts or trip SCR in the device under test, a light is provided for each gate. The gate circuit is isolated for voltage-sensing and can monitor solid-state logic signals. Each light will illuminate once contacts close or voltage is applied to the gate. 1.4.1.1.1 Dry Contacts Open Timer stops or a continuity indicator goes out at the opening of normally closed contacts, or when...
Page 414 OFF position (0). Plug the unit line cord into an appropriate power source and turn the POWER ON/OFF Switch to ON (I). As the SMRT unit goes through its power up sequence, in about a minute the STVI power up screen will appear, then the manual start up screen will appear.
Page 415 Figure 402 SMRT410D Communication Ports 2.2.1 USB 2.0 Interface The USB Type A ports are intended for use with downloading RTMS, SMRT firmware, or stored PowerDB test results. A USB keyboard or mouse can also be used with the unit. USB TO PC Interface requires a Type B “downstream”...
Page 416 the Instrument Configuration screen the user will need to check off the Use Ethernet check box, and set the Baud rate, Byte Size and Stop Bits as shown. 2.2.2 PC/IN Ethernet Port PC/IN Ethernet Port is the primary PC connection port for automated relay testing. This port supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover configuration, which means both standard and “crossover”...
Page 417 GOOSE messages. Connect the ISOLATED port to the PC. When used with the Megger GOOSE Configurator software, the SMRT unit can provide high speed testing of IEC 61850 relays and substations by subscribing to GOOSE messages and mapping to the binary inputs.
Page 418 Connect each current channel to the relay under test (both red and black terminals to the load). Each Megger test lead is rated 32 A continuous. If using test leads other than those supplied by Megger, ensure that the wire has sufficient size to carry the test current.
Page 419 Figure 405 Manual Test Screen – Single Phase Operation RTMS will automatically set all available currents in phase with each other and divide the current equally between the current amplifiers. When setting an output, simply enter the value of the desired output current.
Page 420 the desired channel(s) to be ramped, and what is to be adjusted (amplitude, phase angle or frequency). Currents in Series Operation Two current channels may be connected in series to double the available compliance voltage. High impedance electromechanical ground (earth) overcurrent relays have always been difficult to test at high multiples of tap due to the winding impedance and saturation characteristics.
Page 421 channels are connected internally with the common returns, place a jumper as shown. This will ensure that the internal common leads will not be damaged. Figure 408 Series of Two Current Channels with Grounded Common Returns NOTE: One current channel should be set to 0 degrees and the other current channel should be set to a phase angle of 180 degrees so that the two compliance voltages add across the load.
Page 422 external commons when testing is completed. DO NOT attempt to series more than two voltage channels together. Initiate the two voltage channels simultaneously by pressing the ALL ON/OFF button. Always use the ALL ON/OFF button to turn both voltage channels on and off together. For manually ramping outputs, if using the PC version of RTMS the ñò...
Page 423 4.2.1 Balanced Open Delta The Open-Delta configuration is easy to use when a balanced three-phase source is required because the amplitude and phase relationship can be set directly. No calculations are necessary. When using the Open-Delta configuration, it is suggested to use voltage channel #1, designated , and voltage channel #2, designated V , while the COMMON binding post is designated V With this arrangement, the magnitude and phase angle of the potentials can be easily calculated...
Page 424 designated as V with its phase relationship set for 0°. Voltage channel #2 is then designated as and phase angle set for 120°. Finally, voltage channel #3 is designated V and phase angle set for 240° (for a 1-2-3 counterclockwise rotation). V and V are connected to the voltage potential binding posts on the respective test sets.

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