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Acces I/O products 104-AIO16 User Manual

Pc/104 high-performance analog i/o boards
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ACCES I/O 104-AIO16
Get Quote
10623 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121
(858) 550-9559
Fax (858) 550-7322
contactus@accesio.com
www.accesio.com
104-AIO16A and 104-AIO16E
PC/104 HIGH-PERFORMANCE ANALOG
I/O BOARDs
USER MANUAL
M104-AIO16A.A1j
www.assured-systems.com | sales@assured-systems.com
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  • Page 1 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote 10623 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121 (858) 550-9559 Fax (858) 550-7322 contactus@accesio.com www.accesio.com 104-AIO16A and 104-AIO16E PC/104 HIGH-PERFORMANCE ANALOG I/O BOARDs USER MANUAL M104-AIO16A.A1j www.assured-systems.com | sales@assured-systems.com Page 1/40...
  • Page 2 ACCES, nor the rights of others. IBM PC, PC/XT, and PC/AT are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation. Printed in USA. Copyright 2008 by ACCES I/O Products, Inc. 10623 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121. All rights reserved. WARNING!! ALWAYS CONNECT AND DISCONNECT YOUR FIELD CABLING WITH THE COMPUTER POWER OFF.
  • Page 3 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Warranty Prior to shipment, ACCES equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested to applicable specifications. However, should equipment failure occur, ACCES assures its customers that prompt service and support will be available. All equipment originally manufactured by ACCES which is found to be defective will be repaired or replaced subject to the following considerations.
  • Page 4 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote TABLE OF CONTENTS Ordering Guide .......................... 3 Optional accessories......................... 3 Chapter 1: Introduction..................5 Features ............................5 Functional Description......................5 Figure 1-1: Block Diagram...................... 6 Analog Inputs ..........................6 Table 1-1: Analog Input Range Selection................7 A/D Start............................
  • Page 5 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 1: Introduction This PC/104 based Data Acquisition Module is an ideal solution for embedded applications requiring high- resolution and high-speed analog input, analog output, and digital I/O capabilities. This manual applies to both the “16A” version and the “16E” version, with the primary difference being the achievable sampling speed.
  • Page 6 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote A fully programmable 8254 16-bit counter is provided with a maximum input frequency of 10MHz. The clock and output can be accessed externally for extended functionality. 16 S.E./ VREF 8 DIFF'L 16 BIT A/D CONVERTER SIGNAL COND.
  • Page 7 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Table 1-1: Analog Input Range Selection Jumpers SoftwareGain=0 SoftwareGain=1 SoftwareGain=2 SoftwareGain=3 Unipolar 0 - 10V 0 - 5V 0 - 2V 0 - 1V Bipolar ± 5V ± 2.5V ± 1V ± 0.5 Bipolar ± 10V ±...
  • Page 8 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote A/D FIFO The A/D FIFO buffers the data out of the ADC. This allows conversions to happen without constant CPU intervention. Furthermore, the FIFO's half-full and full flags are readable by software. They can also be used to generate interrupts.
  • Page 9 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Model Options • Onboard DC/DC converter enables operation from a single +5V power supply • Extended Temperature Operation (-40° to +85°C) • -FIFOx “x” = FIFO sample capacity 2K, 4K (1K is standard size) •...
  • Page 10 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 2: Installation You may wish to refer to the printed I/O Quick Start Guide which was included with your product shipment for specific, quick steps to complete the hardware and software installation. Software CD Installation The software provided with this board is contained on one CD and must be installed onto your hard disk prior to use.
  • Page 11 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote To Install the Board Install jumpers for selected options and base address according to your application requirements, as mentioned above. Remove power from the PC/104 stack. Assemble standoff hardware for stacking and securing the boards.
  • Page 12 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 3: Option Selection Jumpers are available on the board to configure the following: Base address, IRQ and +/-12V source selection DAC output voltage ranges A/D input mode (single ended or differential), range and bipolar / unipolar selections Software can determine the jumper selections by reading the status register at Base Address +12 (see Chapter 5: Programming for more information).
  • Page 13 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Setting the Base Address The following table provides a convenient reference for all address jumper configurations. “YES” indicates the jumper is installed. Address Range 100h - 11Bh 120h - 13Bh 140h - 15Bh 160h - 17Bh...
  • Page 14 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 4: Base Address Selection The Board’s Base Address is set by jumpers labeled “BOARD ADDR.” The jumpers are marked /A5 through /A9, and /A5 is the least significant bit of the address. The base address can be selected anywhere within the I/O address range 000-3E0 provided that they do not overlap with other functions.
  • Page 15 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 5: Programming A/D Order of Operations: Behavior may become unpredictable if these steps are not followed. This is a guide of steps to take before beginning an A/D conversion. 1) Configure the channel gains (Base Address + 2-5).
  • Page 16 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote NOTE: Reading and writing words (16 bits) may only be done on even address boundaries (ie: Base Address + 0, + 2, etc). Reading and writing bytes (8 bits) can be done on even or odd boundaries.
  • Page 17 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Writing to these addresses will set the Software Gain per channel (see Table 1-1: Analog Input Range Selection) Base Address + 6 (write) A/D Start/End Channel Configuration Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4...
  • Page 18 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Base Address + E-F (write) DAC 1 Output Data Base Address + E Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Base Address + F Bit 7...
  • Page 19 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Base Address + 12 (read) A/D, DAC, FIFO Status Flags Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 fifoFull halfFull empty dac1 dac0 gainMode single-ended bipolar Reading from this address will show the status of the following flags: bipolar ‘0’...
  • Page 20 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Base Address + 14 (read/write) Port A DIO (8255) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 a7-a0 -> Port A data Reading from this address will return the digital data on Port A. Writing to this address will output the digital data on Port A.
  • Page 21 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Writing to the EEPROM In order to write to the EEPROM, an enable code and start bit must be transmitted, then the write opcode (2 bits, 01) followed by the address location of the data to be loaded into the EEPROM (6 bits, MSB first), followed by the data (16bits, MSB first).
  • Page 22 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Reading from the EEPROM Similarly, reading a word takes 10 writes (enable code, start bit, read opcode (2 bits 1,0) and the address (6 bits, MSB first)), followed by 16 reads to acquire the data from the EEPROM, followed by one write to terminate communication with the EEPROM.
  • Page 23 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Base Address + 19 (write) Calibration access Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 data SClk The board contains 4 digital potentiometers used to calibrate the device. The four calibration corrections provided are: A/D Offset (00), A/D Gain (01), Gain for DAC0 (10), and DAC1 (11).
  • Page 24 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Unused Base Address + 1C – 1E Base Address + 1F (read) Board Model Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 104E 104A Reading from this address will indicate the presence and model number, or absence of the board.
  • Page 25 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 6: Connector Pin Assignments Signal Name Description Signal Name Description Channel 0 Singled-ended or Channel 8 Single-ended or Ch0(SE)/Ch0+(DIFF) Ch8(SE)/Ch0-(DIFF) Channel 0 differential non-inverting input Channel 0 differential inverting input Channel 9 Single-ended or...
  • Page 26 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Signal Name Description Signal Name Description DIO 0 Digital I/O Bit 0 (pulled-up) DGND Digital Ground DIO 1 Digital I/O Bit 1 (pulled-up) DGND Digital Ground DIO 2 Digital I/O Bit 2 (pulled-up) DGND Digital Ground...
  • Page 27 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Chapter 7: Specifications Analog Inputs ADC Type Successive approximation Sampling rate “16A” version: 500ksamples/sec (maximum aggregate) “16E” version: 250ksamples/sec (maximum aggregate) Resolution 16-bit Number of channels 16 single-ended or 8 differential (jumper selectable) Bipolar ranges ±0.5V, ±1, ±2V, ±2.5V, ±5V, and ±10V (jumper+software selectable)
  • Page 28 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Appendix A: 82C54 Counter Timer Operation The board contains one type 8254 programmable counter/timer. The 8254 consists of three, 16-bit, presettable down-counters. Each counter can be programmed to any count between 2 and 65,535 in binary format, depending on the mode chosen.
  • Page 29 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Mode 4: Software Triggered Strobe This mode sets the output high and, when the count is loaded, the counter begins to count down. When the counter reaches zero, the output will go low for one input period. The counter must be reloaded to repeat the cycle.
  • Page 30 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote MODE BCD: Set the selected counter to count in binary (BCD = 0) or BCD (BCD = 1). Reading and Loading the Counters If you attempt to read the counters on the fly when there is a high input frequency, you will most likely get erroneous data.
  • Page 31 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3Bit 2Bit 1 Bit 0 OUT NC RW1 RW2 M2 M1 M0 BCD OUT: Current state of counter output pin. Null count. This indicates when the last count loaded into the counter register has actually been loaded into the counter itself.
  • Page 32 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Appendix B: Calibration This board features digitally controlled potentiometers which are used to adjust the gain and offset of the A/D function and the gain of the DAC function. This allows both the analog inputs and outputs to be calibrated from software in the field.
  • Page 33 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Many devices using digital potentiometers require the software to load the calibration coefficients from a file-on-disk, matching the file to the board based on a manually entered serial number, or some similarly complex method. This board instead contains EEPROM to store the calibration constants. This makes it very simple: the board remembers its own constants, there’s no need for a file on disk, or serial number...
  • Page 34 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Step-By-Step: Calibrating the DACs Now let’s describe these steps in detail. Output a known value to the DAC. You should determine the maximum range of the DAC using Base + 12 (see Chapter 5). Pick a value approximately 5% lower than this maximum. By using a value lower than the maximum you avoid calibrating off-the-end of the range.
  • Page 35 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Breakdown: Calibrating the A/D A/D Calibration, while fundamentally different than the DAC calibration process described above, is also very similar. In the A/D calibration you are determining the amount of calibration error, adjusting the digital potentiometers until the error is eliminated, and storing the adjustment for later use.
  • Page 36 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Step-By-Step: Calibrating the A/D Step 1. Determine the Calibration Constants for the A/D Offset Adjust 1.1.1 Apply Ground to the A/D input. For best results, all channels should be grounded. Any single channel would also work. To ground a single channel in single-ended mode, connect its input pin on connector P2 to a ground pin on P2.
  • Page 37 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Gain Adjust 1.2.1 Apply a known voltage to the A/D Input. When adjusting the gain, a known voltage very near the maximum input of the A/D converter will result in a good reading across the entire range.
  • Page 38 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Step 2. Write the Calibration Constants into the Calibration Potentiometers Step 2 applies to both DAC and A/D Calibration. Step 1 involved applying or measuring voltages, connecting pins and sources etc. Step 1 only needs to be performed if the data from the A/D appears to be out-of-calibration, or approximately every 6-12 months depending on environmental and usage considerations.
  • Page 39 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Customer Comments If you experience any problems with this manual or just want to give us some feedback, please email us at: manuals@accesio.com. Please detail any errors you find and include your mailing address so that we can send you any manual updates.
  • Page 40 ACCES I/O 104-AIO16 Get Quote Assured Systems Assured Systems is a leading technology company with over 1,500 regular clients in 80 countries, deploying over 85,000 systems to a diverse customer base in 12 years of business. We offer high-quality and innovative rugged computing, display, networking and data collection solutions to the embedded, industrial, and digital-out-of-home market sectors.

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