Page 1 Keysight E8357D/67D & E8663D PSG Signal Generators Notice: This document contains references to Agilent. Please note that Agilent’s Test and Measurement business has become Keysight Technologies. For more information, go to www.keysight.com. User’s Guide...
Page 2 OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMA- CAUTION notice until the indicated TION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD conditions are fully understood and KEYSIGHT AND THE USER HAVE A SEP- met. ARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
27. Contrast Increase..............15 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 4 21. LAN................30 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 5 Using the Instrument State Registers ........... 61 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 6 Source ................110 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 7 Wideband IQ/FM Mode <3.2 GHz (Option 018) ..........147 Analog Modulation Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 8 To Restore the Default Symbol Rate (Custom Real Time I/Q Only) ......168 viii Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 9 Real Time GPS Introduction ............207 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 10 Using Keysight Millimeter-Wave Source Modules ........
Page 11 Returning a Signal Generator to Keysight Technologies ........
Page 12 Contents Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 13 Creating and Downloading User-Data Files SCPI Reference • Using this Guide • System Commands • Basic Function Commands • Analog Commands • Digital Modulation Commands • Digital Signal Interface Module Commands • SCPI Command Compatibility Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide xiii...
Page 14 Service Guide • Troubleshooting • Replaceable Parts • Assembly Replacement • Post-Repair Procedures • Safety and Regulatory Information • Key Reference Key function description Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 15: Signal Generator Overview
Signal Generator Overview In the following sections, this chapter describes the models, options, and features available for Keysight E8257D/67D and E8663D PSG signal generators. The modes of operation, front panel user interface, and front and rear panel connectors are also described.
Page 16 Frequency Range Options E8663D PSG analog signal generator 100 kHz to 3.2 GHz (Option 503) 100 kHz to 9 GHz (Option 509) Instruments with Option 567 are functional, but unspecified, above 67 GHz to 70 GHz Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 17: E8257D Psg Analog Signal Generator Features
The E8257D PSG includes the following standard features: • a source module interface that is compatible with Keysight 83550 Series millimeter–wave source modules for frequency extension up to 110 GHz and Oleson Microwave Labs (OML) AG–Series millimeter–wave modules for frequency extensions up to 325 GHz •...
Page 18: E8267D Psg Vector Signal Generator Features
E8267D PSG Vector Signal Generator Features The E8267D PSG provides the same standard functionality as the E8257D PSG, plus the following: • internal I/Q modulator • external analog I/Q inputs • single–ended and differential analog I/Q outputs Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 19: E8663D Psg Analog Signal Generator Features
The E8663D PSG includes the following standard features: • a source module interface that is compatible with Keysight 83550 Series millimeter–wave source modules for frequency extension up to 110 GHz and Oleson Microwave Labs (OML) AG–Series millimeter–wave modules for frequency extensions up to 325 GHz •...
Page 20 Option UK6—commercial calibration certificate and test data Option UNX—ultra low phase noise performance Option UNY—enhanced ultra low phase noise performance Option UNT—AM, FM, phase modulation, and LF output Instruments with serial prefix ≥ US4928/SG4928/MY4928. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 21: Options
PSG signal generators have hardware, firmware, software, and documentation options. The Data Sheet shipped with your signal generator provides an overview of available options. For more information, visit the Keysight PSG web page at http://www.keysight.com/find/psg, select the desired PSG model, and then click the Options tab.
Page 22: Modes Of Operation
E8663D provide list and step sweep functionality. Option 007 adds analog ramp sweep functionality. Analog Modulation In this mode, the signal generator modulates a CW signal with an analog signal. The analog modulation types available Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 23: Digital Modulation
ARB memory located on the internal baseband generator. These waveforms can be generated by the internal baseband generator using the Custom Arb Waveform Generator mode, or downloaded through a remote interface “Using the Dual ARB Waveform Player” on page into the ARB memory. To learn more, refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 24: Front Panel
7. Recall 16. RF On/Off 25. Return 34. DATA CLOCK 8. Trigger 17. Numeric Keypad 26. Contrast Decrease 35. DATA 9. MENUS 18. RF OUTPUT 27. Contrast Increase 36. Q Input 37. I Input Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 25: Display
This key restores an instrument state saved in a memory register. To recall an instrument state, press Recall and enter the desired sequence number and register number. To save a state, use the Save hardkey. For more information on saving “Using the Instrument State Registers” on page and recalling instrument states, refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 26: Trigger
• More (1 of 2) > Point Trigger > Trigger Key 9. MENUS These keys open softkey menus for configuring various functions. For descriptions, see the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference. Table 1-2 Hardkeys in Front Panel MENUS Group...
Page 27: Ext 2 Input
This connector outputs RF and microwave signals. The nominal output impedance is 50 ohms. The reverse–power damage levels are 0 Vdc, 0.5 watts nominal. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel. The connector type varies according to frequency option. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 28: Sync Out
Pressing this hardkey displays the previous softkey menu. It enables you to step back through the menus until you reach the first menu you selected. 26. Contrast Decrease Pressing this hardkey causes the display background to darken. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 29: Contrast Increase
DATA and SYMBOL SYNC signals. The maximum clock rate is 50 MHz. The damage levels are > +5.5 V and < −0.5V. The nominal input impedance is not definable. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 30: Data
. To activate signals applied to the I and Q input connectors, press Mux > I/Q Source 1 or I/Q Source 2 and peak then select either Ext 50 Ohm or Ext 600 Ohm. On signal generators with Option 1EM, these connectors are located on the rear panel. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 31: Front Panel Display
PSG display. This section describes each region. Figure 1-2 Front Panel Display Diagram 1. Active Entry Area 5. Amplitude Area 2. Frequency Area 6. Error Message Area 3. Annunciators 7. Text Area 4. Digital Modulation Annunciators 8. Softkey Label Area Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 32: Active Entry Area
ΦM annunciator will replace FM. This annunciator (E8267D only) appears when I/Q modulation is turned on. This annunciator appears when the signal generator is in listener mode and is receiving Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 33: Digital Modulation Annunciators
RS–232, or VXI–11/Sockets LAN interface (TELNET operation does not activate the R annunciator). When the R annunciator is on, the front panel keys are disabled, except for the Local key and the line power switch. For information on remote operation, refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Programming Guide.
Page 34: Amplitude Area
8. Softkey Label Area The labels in this area define the function of the softkeys located immediately to the right of the label. The softkey label may change depending upon the function selected. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 35: Rear Panel
27. TRIGGER OUT 8. I OUT 18. ALC HOLD (Serial Prefixes 28. TRIGGER IN >=US4722/MY4722) 9. WIDEBAND I INPUTS 19. AUXILIARY INTERFACE 29. SOURCE SETTLED 10. I–bar OUT 20. 10 MHz IN 30. SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 36 37. ALC INPUT 8. I OUT 23. STOP SWEEP IN/OUT 38. DATA CLOCK 9. WIDEBAND I INPUTS 24. BASEBAND GEN CLK IN 39. I IN 10. I–bar OUT 25. Z–AXIS BLANK/MKRS 40. SYMBOL SYNC Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 37 22. 10 MHz OUT 29. SOURCE SETTLED 16. GPIB 23. STOP SWEEP IN/OUT 30. SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE 17. 10 MHz EFC 25. Z–AXIS BLANK/MKRS 44. Flash Drive (Serial Prefixes >=US4829/SG4829/MY4829 (E8267D) and >=US4928/SG4928/MY4928 (E8257D)) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 38 36. PULSE/TRIG GATE INPUT 20. 10 MHz IN 28. TRIGGER IN 37. ALC INPUT 21. LAN 29. SOURCE SETTLED 43. LF OUT 31. RF OUT 44. Flash Drive (Serial Prefixes >=US4829/SG4829/MY4829 (E8267D) and >=US4928/SG4928/MY4928 (E8257D)) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 39: Event 1
This female 37–pin connector is active only on instruments with an internal baseband generator (Option 601/602); on signal generators without Option 601/602, this connector is non–functional. This connector provides access to the inputs and outputs described in the following figure. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 40: Digital Bus
6. DIGITAL BUS This is a proprietary bus used for Keysight Baseband Studio products, which require an E8267D with Options 003/004 and 601/602. This connector is not operational for general–purpose customer use. Signals are present only when a Baseband Studio option is installed (for details, refer to http://www.keysight.com/find/basebandstudio).
Page 41: Q Out
Refer to the Data Sheet and to the A37 Upconverter description in the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide for more information.
Page 42: Coh Carrier (Serial Prefixes >=Us4646/My4646)
Refer to the Data Sheet and to the A37 Upconverter description in the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide for more information.
Page 43: Gpib
ALC Hold line should be driven from a marker output from the AWG that is high when the bursted signal is at the proper level and low when the bursted signal is not at the proper level Damage levels are > 5.5 V and < −0.5 V. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 44: Auxiliary Interface
This LAN interface allows ethernet local area network communication through a 10Base–T LAN cable. The yellow LED on the interface illuminates when data transmission (transfer/receive) is present. The green LED illuminates when there is a delay in data transmission or no data transmission is present. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 45: Mhz Out
The nominal output impedance is less than 1 ohm and can drive a 2 kohm load. When connected to an Keysight Technologies 8757D network analyzer, it generates a selectable number of equally spaced 1 ms, 10 V pulses (nominal) across a ramp (analog) sweep. The number of pulses can be set from 101 to 1601 by remote control through the 8757D.
Page 46: Source Settled
The nominal output impedance for this connector is less than 10 ohms. 30. SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE This interface is used to connect to compatible Keysight Technologies 83550 Series mm–wave source modules. Figure 1-9 Interface Signals of the Source Module Connector The codes indicated on the illustration above translate as follows.
Page 47: Rf Out
The input impedance is selectable as either 50 or 600 ohms and damage levels are and 10 V . On signal generators without Option 1EM, this connector is located on the front panel. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 48: Pulse Sync Out
(Option 601/602). The expected input is a 3.3 V CMOS bit clock signal (which is also TTL compatible). SYMBOL SYNC might occur once per symbol or be a single Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 49: Q In
This female BNC output connector (functional only with Option UNT) outputs modulation signals generated by the low frequency (LF) source function generator. This output is capable of driving 3V (nominal) into a 50–ohm load. On signal generators without Option 1EM, this connector is located on the front panel. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 50: (E8257D))
The removable compact flash drive is not hot swappable – always turn the power off to the instrument when removing or inserting the memory. Use only Keysight provided or certified compact flash cards. This flash drive (Options 008 and 009 only) outputs data to a removable flash card. The 8 GB memory capacity easily stores user data files;...
Page 51: Basic Operation
Basic Operation In the following sections, this chapter describes operations common to all Keysight PSG signal generators: “Using Table Editors” on page 38 • “Using the User-Defined RF Output Power Limit (Option 1EU, or 521 only)” on page 40 •...
Page 52: Using Table Editors
Table Items values arranged in numbered rows and titled columns (The columns are also known as data fields. For example, the column below the Frequency title is known as the Frequency data field). Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 53: Modifying Table Items In The Data Fields
The selected item is displayed in the active function area of the display. 4. Use the knob, arrow keys, or the numeric keypad to modify the value. 5. Press Enter. The modified item is now displayed in the table. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 54: Using The User-Defined Rf Output Power Limit (Option 1Eu, Or 521 Only)
The RF output limit can be used with an external ALC detector connected to the PSG. When the instrument is in external leveling mode, no indications or warnings are displayed, but the power is restricted if it exceeds the ±1 dBm limits. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 55 The minimum settable value is 15 dBm. The maximum settable value is the unleveled power of the instrument. For settings accuracy, refer to the Data Sheet. 3. To prevent accidently changing the RF Output Limit level: Press RF Output Limit Lock Adjust to Lock. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 56: Configuring The Rf Output
6. Press the up arrow key. Each press of the up arrow key increases the frequency by the increment value last set with the Incr Set hardkey. The increment value is displayed in the active entry area. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 57 The FREQUENCY area displays 2.000 000 00 MHz, which is the frequency output by the hardware (701 MHz) minus the reference frequency (700 MHz) plus the offset (1 MHz). The OFFS indicator activates. The frequency at the RF OUTPUT connector is still 701 MHz. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 58 The AMPLITUDE area displays 10.00 dB, which is the power output by the hardware (–20 dBm plus 10 dBm) minus the reference power (−20 dBm). The power at the RF OUTPUT connector changes to −10 dBm. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 59: Configuring A Swept Rf Output
Activating Scalar Pulse in Sweep Configurations If your sweep setup uses a scalar network analyzer and an AC detector, the PSG must modulate the swept signal with a Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 60 8. Press Ampl Stop > 0 > dBm. This changes the amplitude level for the end of the step sweep. 9. Press # Points > 9 > Enter. This sets the number of sweep points to nine. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 61 This opens another menu displaying softkeys that you will use to create the sweep points. The display shows the current list data. (When no list has been previously created, the default list contains one point set to the signal generator’s maximum frequency, minimum amplitude, and a dwell time of 2 ms.) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 62 1. Press Return > Sweep > Freq & Ampl This turns the sweep on again. No errors should occur if all parameters for every point have been defined in the previous editing process. 2. Press Single Sweep. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 63: Using Ramp Sweep (Option 007)
(see Refer to the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide for an example program that uses pass–thru commands in a ramp sweep system (pass–thru commands enable you to temporarily interrupt ramp sweep system interaction so that you can send operating instructions to the PSG).
Page 64 NOTE During swept RF output, the FREQUENCY and/or AMPLITUDE areas of the signal generator’s display are deactivated, depending on what is being swept. In this case, since frequency is being swept, nothing appears in Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 65 8757D for a more accurate evaluation of the amplitude. shows an example of a bandpass filter response. Figure 2-4Bandpass Filter Response on 8757D Using Markers 1. Press Markers. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 66 5. Move the cursor back to marker 1 and press Marker Freq. Turn the front panel knob while observing marker 1 on the 8757D. On the 8757D, notice that the displayed amplitude and frequency values for marker 1 are relative to marker 0 as the Figure 2-6. marker moves along the trace. Refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 67 Configuring the RF Output Figure 2-6Delta Markers on 8757D 6. Press Turn Off Markers. All active markers turn off. Refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference for information on other marker softkey functions. Adjusting Sweep Time 1. Press Sweep/List.
Page 68 The signal generator alternates between the original saved sweep and the current sweep. You may need to adjust Figure 2-7. 8757D settings to effectively view both sweeps, such as setting channel 2 to measure sensor A. Refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 69 The master/slave setup applies to ramp sweep only, not step sweep or list sweep. To use this setup, you must have two sources from the same signal generator family. For example, you cannot us a PSG with an 83640B or a PSG with an 83751B. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 70 PSGs. You can also order the cable (part number 8120–8806) from Keysight Technologies. By connecting the master PSG’s 10 MHz reference standard to the slave PSG’s 10 MHz reference input, the master’s timebase supplies the frequency reference for both PSGs.
Page 71 Basic Operation Configuring the RF Output Figure 2-8 Master/Slave Equipment Setup Figure 2-9 RS–232 Pin Configuration Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 72: Extending The Frequency Range
Modulating a Signal Extending the Frequency Range You can extend the signal generator frequency range using an Keysight 83550 series millimeter–wave source module or other manufacturer’s mm–source module. For information on using the signal generator with a millimeter–wave source “Using Keysight Millimeter-Wave Source Modules” on page 267.
Page 73: Applying A Modulation Format To The Rf Output
This section explains how to use the two forms of signal generator data storage: the memory catalog and the instrument state register. Using the Memory Catalog The Memory Catalog is the signal generator’s interface for viewing, storing, and saving files; it can be accessed through Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 74 4. Enter the file name LIST1 using the alphabetical softkeys and the numeric keypad (for the numbers 0 to 9). 5. Press Enter. The file should be displayed in the “Catalog of List Files”, showing the file name, file type, file size, and the date and time the file was modified. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 75: Using The Instrument State Registers
Files to the Memory Catalog” on page 60. Refer to the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide and the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference for more information on the save and recall function. NOTE A reference to a file is saved along with the instrument state. However, no data is saved with the save function.
Page 76 Notice that the Delete Seq[n] Reg[nn] should be loaded with the sequence and register you want to delete. 5. Press Delete Seq[n] Reg[nn]. This deletes the chosen register. Deleting All Registers within a Sequence 1. Press Preset. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 77: Using Security Functions
All security functions described in this section also have an equivalent SCPI command for remote operation. (Refer to the “System Commands” chapter of the Keysight PSG Signal Generators SCPI Command Reference for more information.) Understanding PSG Memory Types The PSG comprises several memory types, each used for storing a specific type of data.
Page 78 During normal operation, this memory cannot be (Flash) overwritten or erased. This read–only data is programmed at 128 kB the factory. Calibration factory factory or service only motherboard Backup calibration/configuration data Memory backup (Flash) no user data 512 KB Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 79 ARB normal user operation This memory is used during normal baseband generator Memory and real–time applications operation. It is not directly accessible by the user. Not (SRAM) battery backed. 5 x 512 kB Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 80 User data is completely sanitized when you perform the Erase and Sanitize function. Buffer Memory buffer (cache) memory normal operation (DRAM) through hard disk 512 kB Instruments with serial prefix < US4829/SG4829/MY4829. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 81 The removable compact flash drive is not hot swappable – always turn the power off to the instrument when removing or inserting the memory. Use only Keysight provided or certified compact flash cards. Table 2-5 Flash Drive Memory (Options 008...
Page 82: Removing Sensitive Data From Psg Memory
System files are restored after erase. DRAM/SDRAM Follow the Department of Defence (DoD) manual’s requirements. The instrument must be powered off to purge the memory contents. The instrument must remain powered off in a secure location for 3 minutes. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 83 None − equivalent to a factory preset, no user information is lost Erase − equivalent to Erase All Overwrite − equivalent to Erase and Overwrite All Sanitize − equivalent to Erase and Sanitize All Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 84 If the instrument is not functioning and you are unable to use the security functions, you may physically remove the processor board, hard disk or flash drive if installed, from the instrument. Once these assemblies are removed, proceed as follows: For removal and replacement procedures, refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide. Processor Board Either •...
Page 85: Using The Secure Display
Utility > Instrument Adjustments > Instrument Options > Software Options. The following is an example of the signal generator display, which lists any enabled software options, and any software options that can be enabled: Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 86: Using The Web Server
The Web–Enabled PSG web page, shown in means to control the instrument by using a remote front panel interface or using SCPI (Standard Communication for Programmable Instruments) commands. The web page also has links to Keysight’s products, support, manuals, and Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 87: Activating The Web Server
The IP (Internet Protocol) address can change depending on your LAN configuration. Use the LAN Config Manual DHCP softkey to select a Manual or DHCP (dynamic host communication protocol) LAN configuration. Refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference for more information. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.
Page 88 6. Press the Enter key on the computer’s keyboard. The web browser will display the signal generator’s homepage as Figure 2-13. This web page displays information about the signal generator and provides access to shown below in Keysight’s website. Figure 2-13Signal Generator Web Page Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 89 “SCPI Command Processed”. You can continue using this web page to enter SCPI commands or you can return to the front panel web page. NOTE It may be necessary to use the web browser Refresh function if the web page does not update with new settings. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 90 Basic Operation Using the Web Server Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 91: Basic Digital Operation
Both modes of operation are used to build complex, digitally modulated signals that simulate communication standards with the flexibility to modify existing digital formats, define or create digitally modulated signals, and add signal impairments. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 92: Custom Arb Waveform Generator
Headers can also store a user–specified 32–character description of the waveform or sequence file. A default header is automatically created whenever a waveform is generated, a waveform sequence is created, or a waveform file is downloaded to the PSG (for details on downloading files, see the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide).
Page 93: Creating A File Header For A Modulation Format Waveform
Each time an ARB modulation format is turned on, a new temporary waveform file (AUTOGEN_WAVEFORM) and file header are generated, overwriting the previous temporary file and file header. Because all ARB formats use the same file name, this happens even if the previous Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 94: Modifying Header Information In A Modulation Format
2. Save the information in the Current Inst. Settings column to the file header: Press Save Setup To Header. Both the Saved Header Settings column and the Current Inst. Settings column now display the same Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 95 The I/Q modulator filter setting. The modulator filter affects the I/Q signal modulated onto the RF carrier. I/Q Output Filter: The I/Q output filter setting. The I/Q output filter is used for I/Q signals routed to the rear panel I and Q outputs. Mod Attenuation: The I/Q modulator attenuation setting. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 96 To avoid this, rename the file before you turn the modulation format back on (see page 93) stores the saved header information with the waveform. Storing a waveform file (see Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 97 Basic Digital Operation Arbitrary (ARB) Waveform File Headers Figure 3-3 ARB Setup Softkey Menu and Marker Utilities Dual ARB Player softkey (it does not appear in the ARB formats) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 98 Figure 3-4 Differing Values between Header and Current Setting Columns Values differ between the two columns Page 1 Values differ between the two columns Page 2 Figure 3-5 Saved File Header Changes Page 1 Page 2 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 99: Storing Header Information For A Dual Arb Player Waveform Sequence
For a default header, read the information in step one on procedure. page • To modify an existing file header, start with step three on The rest of this section focuses on the additional file header operations found in the dual ARB player. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 100 File header information and current signal generator settings Note: When the dual ARB player is off, the current instrument settings column does not update; the values displayed may not be valid. Page 1 Page 2 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 101 To return to the header information for the playing waveform, either press View Different Header, select the current playing waveform file, and press View Header, or press Return > Header Utilities. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 102: Playing A Waveform File That Contains A Header
ARB player. This is true for downloaded waveform files (downloading files is described in the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide). When the waveform is selected for playback, the saved header information is used by the signal generator. Some of these settings appear as part...
Page 103: Using The Dual Arb Waveform Player
A sequence can be described as several segments strung together to create one waveform file. Waveform files can also be created remotely using another signal generator or using computer programs and downloaded to the PSG for playback by the Dual ARB waveform player. For information on downloading waveforms, refer to the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide.
Page 104: Creating Waveform Segments
ARB modulation formats. For information on downloading waveforms via the remote interface, see the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide. A waveform sequence is made up of segments but can also contain other sequences. Any number of segments, up to 32768, can be used to create a sequence.
Page 105: Building And Storing A Waveform Sequence
2. Optional: Enable markers as desired for the segments in the new sequence: see 3. Name and store the waveform sequence to the Catalog of Seq Files in the memory catalog: a. Press Name and Store. b. Enter a file name (for example, TTONE+MTONE). c. Press Enter. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 106: Playing A Waveform
You have now changed the number of repetitions for each waveform segment entry from 1 to 100 and 200, respectively. The sequence has been stored under a new name to the Catalog of Seq Files in the signal generator’s memory catalog. page For information on playing a waveform sequence, refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 107: Adding Real-Time Noise To A Dual Arb Waveform (E8267D With Option 403)
Auto Modulation Attenuation and the RMS level for RMS Power Search. These softkeys are described in the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference. The following procedure sets up a carrier and modulates it using the pre–defined SINE_TEST_WFM waveform file.
Page 108: Renaming A Waveform Segment
These procedures also discuss two types of points: a marker point and a sample point. A marker point is a point at which a given marker is set on a waveform; you can set one or more marker points for each marker. A sample point is one of the many points that compose a waveform. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 109: Waveform Marker Concepts
Downloading a waveform file (as described in the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide) that does not have a marker file associated with it creates a marker file that does not place any marker points.
Page 110 Because it can affect the waveform’s output amplitude, do not use the ALC hold for longer than 100 ms. For “Setting Power Search Mode” on page 279. longer time intervals, refer to Positive Polarity Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 111 DUT or connected instrument. To prevent this condition, ensure that you set markers to let the ALC sample over an amplitude that accounts for the higher power levels encountered within the signal. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 112 ALC modulator circuitry for Marker Marker that level; this usually results in an unleveled condition for the signal generator when it encounters the high amplitude of the pulse. Pulse Unleveled Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 113: Accessing Marker Utilities
Use the following procedure to display the marker parameters. This procedure uses the Dual ARB player, but you can access the marker utilities through the ARB Setup softkey in all ARB formats. 1. Select the ARB waveform player: press Mode > Dual ARB 2. Press ARB Setup > Marker Utilities. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 114: Viewing Waveform Segment Markers
Experiment with the Zoom functions to see how they display the markers. The display can show a maximum of 460 points; displayed waveforms with a sample point range greater than 460 points may not show the marker locations. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 115: Clearing Marker Points From A Waveform Segment
(page 2. Highlight the desired waveform segment. In an ARB format, there is only one file (AUTOGEN_WAVEFORM) and it is already highlighted. 3. Highlight the desired marker number: Press Marker 1 2 3 4. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 116: Setting Marker Points In A Waveform Segment
1. In the Marker Utilities menu (page 2. Highlight the desired waveform segment. In an ARB format, there is only one file (AUTOGEN_WAVEFORM) and it is already highlighted. 3. Highlight the desired marker number: Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 117 The following example sets markers across a range of points and specifies the spacing (skipped points) between each marker. You must set the spacing before you apply the marker settings; you cannot apply skipped points to a previously set range of points. 101). 1. Remove any existing marker points (page Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 118: Controlling Markers In A Waveform Sequence (Dual Arb Only)
Enabling a marker that has no marker points 102) has no effect on the auxiliary outputs. (page page 91). 1. Select the waveform segments (Step 1 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 119 (for this example, select the third segment and toggle marker 3). 6. Press Return > Name And Store > Enter. The markers are enabled or disabled per your selections, and the changes have been saved to the selected sequence file. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 120: Viewing A Marker Pulse
3. Connect an oscilloscope input to the EVENT 1 connector, and trigger on the Event 1 signal. When a marker is present, the oscilloscope displays a marker pulse, as shown in the following example. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 121: Using The Rf Blanking Marker Function
1. Using the factory–supplied segment SINE_TEST_WFM, set Marker 1 across points 1−180 (page 99), assign RF Blanking to Marker 1: 2. From the Marker Utilities menu (page Press Marker Routing > Pulse/RF Blank > Marker 1. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 122 ≈ 3.3V Marker Point 1 Segment Marker Polarity = Negative RF Signal When marker polarity is negative, the RF output is blanked during the on maker points ≈ 3.3V Marker Point 1 Segment Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 123: Setting Marker Polarity
Response determines the specifics of how the waveform responds to a trigger. • Polarity determines the state of the trigger to which the waveform responds (used only with an external trigger source); you can set either negative, or positive. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 124: Source
Because the PSG provides only unframed data, to transmit a framed data signal you must create an external file that incorporates the framing and download it to the PSG (see the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide). — Unframed data transmits during active states, and stops during inactive states. The signal stops at the last transmitted symbol and restarts at the next symbol.
Page 125: Accessing Trigger Utilities
To display the trigger source options, press Trigger Setup > Trigger Source. Setting the Polarity of an External Trigger Gated Mode The selections available with the gate active parameter refer to the low and high states of an external trigger signal. For Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 126: Using Gated Triggering
This connection is applicable to all external triggering methods. The optional oscilloscope connection enables you to see the effect that the trigger signal has on the RF output. 2. Preset the signal generator. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 127 Configure the oscilloscope to display both the output of the signal generator, and the external triggering signal. You will see the waveform modulating the output during the gate inactive periods (low). The following figure shows an example display. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 128: Using Segment Advance Triggering
Press Trigger > Trigger Setup and note that the Seg Advance Mode softkey displays the default selection (Continuous), which is the selection used in this example. c. Press Trigger Source > Trigger Key. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 129: Using Waveform Clipping
(high or low), an unusually high power peak (negative or positive) occurs in the summed waveform. This does not happen frequently because the high and low states of the bits on these channel waveforms are random, which causes a cancelling effect. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 130 , where the squaring of I and Q always results in a positive value. Figure 3-11, simultaneous positive and negative peaks in the I and Q waveforms do not cancel each other, As shown in but combine to create an even greater peak. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 131: How Peaks Cause Spectral Regrowth
3-12). Because a transmitter’s power amplifier gain is set to provide a specific average power, high peaks can cause the power amplifier to move toward saturation. This causes intermodulation distortion, which generates spectral regrowth. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 132: How Clipping Reduces Peak-To-Average Power
Figure 3-16 on page 121 integrity of the signal. uses two complementary cumulative distribution plots to show the Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 133 If you clip too much of the waveform, however, lost data is irrecoverable. You may have to try several clipping settings to find a percentage that works well. Figure 3-14Circular Clipping Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 134 Basic Digital Operation Using Waveform Clipping Figure 3-15Rectangular Clipping Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 135: Configuring Circular Clipping
1. Press Preset > Mode > Custom > Arb Waveform Generator > Digital Modulation Off On to On. This generates a custom arbitrary waveform for use in this procedure. You can also use a previously stored or downloaded waveform. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 136: Configuring Rectangular Clipping
Once clipping is applied to the waveform it cannot be undone. Repeated use of the clipping function has a cumulative effect on the waveform. 11. Press Waveform Statistics > CCDF Plot and observe the waveform’s curve. Notice the reduction in peak–to–average power, relative to the previous plot, after applying clipping. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 137: Using Waveform Scaling
If this ripple exceeds (or overshoots) the upper limit of the DAC’s range, the interpolator calculates erroneous sample points and is unable to replicate the true form of the ripple Figure 3-18). As a result, the PSG reports a DAC over–range error. (see Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 138: How Scaling Eliminates Dac Over-Range Errors
Figure 3-19). (see Figure 3-19Waveform Scaling Although scaling maintains the basic shape of the waveform, too much scaling can compromise its integrity because the Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 139: Scaling A Currently Playing Waveform (Runtime Scaling)
5. Press Scale Waveform Data > Scaling > 70 > % > Apply to Waveform. The waveform is now reduced to 70 percent of its original amplitude. Once this type of scaling is applied to the waveform it cannot be undone. Repeated scaling applications have a cumulative effect on the waveform. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 140: Setting The Baseband Frequency Offset
Turn on the RF OUTPUT. 4. Press ARB Setup > More (2 of 3) > Baseband Frequency Offset > 20 MHz. The modulated RF signal is now offset from the carrier frequency by 20 MHz. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 141: Optimizing Performance
Optimizing Performance In the following sections, this chapter describes procedures that improve the performance of the Keysight PSG signal generator. “Using the ALC” on page 127 • “Using External Leveling” on page 128 • “Creating and Applying User Flatness Correction” on page 132 •...
Page 142: To Select An Alc Bandwidth
RF output power at the point of detection. To use detectors and couplers/splitters for external leveling at an RF output frequency of 10 GHz and an amplitude of 0 dBm, follow the instructions in this section. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 143 7. Press More (1 of 2) > Ext Detector Coupling Factor > 16 (or the positive representation of the value listed at the detector port of the directional coupler) > dB. Leveled output power is now available at the output of the directional coupler. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 144 Determining the Leveled Output Power Figure 4-3 shows the input power versus output voltage characteristics for typical Keysight Technologies diode detectors. Using this chart, you can determine the leveled power at the diode detector input by measuring the external detector output voltage. You must then add the coupling factor to determine the leveled output power. The range of power adjustment is approximately –20 to +25 dBm.
Page 145 RF amplitude is changed. A balance must be maintained between the amount of attenuation and the optimum ALC level to achieve the required RF output amplitude. For optimum accuracy and minimum noise, the ALC level should be greater than −10 dBm. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 146: To Level With A Mm-Wave Source Module
User flatness correction allows the digital adjustment of RF output amplitude for up to 1601 frequency points in any frequency or sweep mode. Using an Keysight E4416A/17A or E4418B/19B power meter (controlled by the signal generator through GPIB) to calibrate the measurement system, a table of power level corrections is created for frequencies where power level variations or losses occur.
Page 147: Creating A User Flatness Correction Array
The signal generator reads the power level data from the power meter, calculates the correction values, and stores the correction pairs in a user flatness correction array. If you do not have the required Keysight power meter, or if your power meter does not have a GPIB interface, you can enter correction values manually.
Page 148 This opens a menu for entering the user flatness step array data. 5. Press Freq Start > 1 > GHz. 6. Press Freq Stop > 10 > GHz. 7. Press # of Points > 10 > Enter. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 149 Performing the User Flatness Correction Manually If you are not using an Keysight E4416A/17A/18B/19B power meter, or if your power meter does not have a GPIB interface, complete the steps in this section and then continue with the user flatness correction tutorial.
Page 150 2. Press Amplitude > More (1 of 2) > User Flatness > Configure Cal Array > More (1 of 2) > Preset List > Confirm Preset. 3. Press More (2 of 2) > Load/Store. 4. Ensure that the file FLATCAL1 is highlighted. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 151 This presets the signal generator and returns it to GPIB listener mode. The signal generator can now receive remote commands executed by a remote controller connected to the GPIB interface. 3. Recall your instrument state from the instrument state register. “Saving an Instrument State” on page For instructions, see Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 152: Creating A User Flatness Correction Array With A Mm-Wave Source Module
If you do not have the required Keysight power meter, or if your power meter does not have a GPIB interface, you can enter correction values manually.
Page 153 Options 1EA, 1EU, or 521, use NOTE During the process of creating the user flatness correction array, the power meter is slaved to the signal generator via GPIB. No other controllers are allowed on the GPIB interface. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 154 Optimizing Performance Creating and Applying User Flatness Correction Figure 4-5 User Flatness with mm–Wave Source Module for a Signal Generator without Options 1EA, 1EU, or 521 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 155 2. Configure the signal generator to interface with the power meter. a. Press Amplitude > More (1 of 2) > User Flatness > More (1 of 2) > Power Meter > E4416A, E4417A, E4418B, or E4419B. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 156 Performing the User Flatness Correction Manually If you are not using an Keysight E4416A/17A/18B/19B power meter, or if your power meter does not have a GPIB interface, complete the steps in this section and then continue with the user flatness correction tutorial.
Page 157 4. Ensure that the file FLATCAL2 is highlighted. 5. Press Load From Selected File > Confirm Load From File. This populates the user flatness correction array with the data contained in the file FLATCAL2. The user flatness Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 158: Using The Option 521 Detector Calibration (Option 521)
Press Amplitude > More > More > Option 521 Detector Calibration > Execute Restoring the Factory Flatness Calibration The instrument’s original factory calibration settings can be restored by the following steps: • Press Utility > Power On/Preset > Restore System Defaults Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 159: Adjusting Reference Oscillator Bandwidth (Option Unr/Unx/Uny)
3.2 GHz. Refer to the PSG’s Data Sheet. This section contains the following topics: “Optimizing Phase Noise Below 250 MHz (serial prefix > xx4928 and higher)” on page 146 • “Optimizing Harmonics Below 2 GHz” on page 147 • Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 160: Optimizing Phase Noise Below 250 Mhz (Serial Prefix > Xx4928 And Higher)
Enabling this been feature may pressed, the degrade Frequency power below Status 3.2 GHz. Information displays the setting in the RF Path annunciator. For SCPI commands, refer to the SCPI Command Reference. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 161: Optimizing Harmonics Below 2 Ghz
Wider FM and Phase-modulation deviation External differential inputs, on the rear panel (Wide I and Wide Q) are provided for direct access to the microwave I/Q modulator. Figure 4-9. To enable the wideband I/Q inputs refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 162 3.2 GHz. When this path is active, the low band frequencies are generated by a downconverter. This enables very wide I/Q and FM performance. This message is displayed when the Wideband IQ/FM softkey has been pressed. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 163: Analog Modulation
Analog Modulation In the following sections, this chapter describes the standard continuous waveform and optional analog modulation capability in the Keysight E8257D PSG Analog, E8663D, Analog, and E8267D PSG Vector signal generators. “Analog Modulation Waveforms” on page 149 • “Configuring AM (Option UNT)” on page 150 •...
Page 164: Configuring Am (Option Unt)
“Wideband IQ/FM Mode <3.2 GHz (Option 018)” on page 147. To Set the RF Output Frequency 1. Press Preset. 2. Press Frequency > 1 > GHz. To Set the RF Output Amplitude Press Amplitude > 0 > dBm. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 165: To Set The Fm Deviation And Rate
To Set the ΦM Deviation and Rate 1. Press the FM/ΦM hardkey. 2. Press the FM ΦM softkey. 3. Press ΦM Dev > .25 > pi rad. 4. Press ΦM Rate > 10 > kHz. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 166: To Activate Fm
The Pulse and RF ON annunciators are now displayed. This indicates that you have enabled pulse modulation and the signal is now being transmitted from the RF OUTPUT connector. The TTL trigger signal state will control pulse modulation output. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 167: Triggering Simultaneous Pulses From Two Psgs Using An Internal Or An External Pulse Source
10 MHz OUT 10 MHz IN SYNC OUT GATE/PULSE/TRIGGER INPUT If an external pulse source is being used as the pulse trigger, connect the pulse source’s pulse output connector to the PSG1 GATE/PULSE/TRIGGER INPUT. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 168: Configuring The Lf Output (Option Unt)
AM, FM, or FM menus. You can select the waveform shape from the following choices: Sine sine wave with adjustable amplitude and frequency Dual–Sine dual–sine waves with individually adjustable frequencies and a percent–of– peak–amplitude setting for the second tone (available from function generator 1 only) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 169: To Configure The Lf Output With An Internal Modulation Source
You have configured the LF output signal for a 3 volt sine wave (default wave form) output which is frequency modulated using the Internal 1 Monitor source selection (default source). To Configure the LF Output with a Function Generator Source In this example, the function generator is the LF output source. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 170 2. Press LF Out Off On. The LF output is now transmitting a signal using Function Generator 1 that is providing a 3 Vp swept–sine waveform. The waveform is sweeping from 100 Hz to 1 kHz. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 171: Custom Arb Waveform Generator
Symbol Rate is automatically specified by the selected Modulation Type being used. Working with Predefined Setups (Modes) When you select a predefined mode, default values for components of the setup (including the filter, symbol rate, and modulation type) are automatically specified. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 172: Selecting A Custom Arb Setup Or A Custom Digital Modulation State
The user–defined NADC signal is now available at the RF OUTPUT connector. 10. Press Return > Return. This returns to the top–level Digital Modulation menu, where Digital Modulation Off On is the first softkey. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 173: Customizing A Multicarrier Setup
11. Press Multicarrier Off On > Multicarrier Define > More (1 of 2) > Load/ Store > Store To File. If there is already a file name from the Catalog of MDMOD Files occupying the active entry area, press Edit Keys > Clear Text. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 174: Recalling A User-Defined Custom Digital Modulation State
The width of the middle frequencies is defined by the roll off factor or Filter Alpha (0 < Filter Alpha < 1). • Gaussian is a Gaussian pre–modulation FIR filter. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 175: Using A Predefined Fir Filter
The FIR filter is now optimized for minimum error vector magnitude (EVM) or for minimum adjacent channel power (ACP). This feature applies only to Nyquist and root Nyquist filters; the softkey is grayed out when any other Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 176: Using A User-Defined Fir Filter
The actual oversample ratio during modulation is automatically selected by the instrument. A value between 4 and 16 is chosen dependent on the symbol rate, the number of bits per symbol of the modulation type, and the number of symbols. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 177 16. Name the file NEWFIR2, and press Enter. The contents of the current FIR Values editor are stored to a file in the Memory Catalog and the Catalog of FIR Files is updated to show the new file. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 178 (If you make a mistake, you can correct it using the backspace key.) Continue entering the coefficient values from the table until all 16 values have been entered. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 179 Remember, however, that the instrument hardware is limited to 64 symbols for real–time waveform generation, and 512 symbols for arbitrary waveform generation. The number of symbols equals the number of coefficients divided by the oversample ratio. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 180 NEWFIR1.) The file type is FIR and the size of the file is 260 bytes. The amount of memory used is also displayed. The number of files that can be saved depends on the size of the files and the amount of memory used. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 181: Working With Symbol Rates
2. Press Mode > Custom > ARB Waveform Generator > Digital Mod Define > Symbol Rate Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband > Symbol Rate 3. Enter a new symbol rate and press Msps, ksps, or sps. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 182: To Restore The Default Symbol Rate (Custom Real Time I/Q Only)
45 sps − 7.14 Msps 128QAM There is no preset value for this modulation, it must be user defined. 360 bps − 400 Mbps 45 sps − 50 Msps 45 sps − 6.25 Msps 256QAM Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 183: Working With Modulation Types
2. Press Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband > Modulation Type > Define User I/Q > More (1 of 2) > Load Default I/Q Map > QAM > 256QAM. This loads a default 256QAM I/Q modulation into the I/Q Values editor. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 184 In the next steps, you will delete specific portions of this I/Q constellation and change it into a 128QAM with 128 I/Q states. 4. Press Return > Goto Row > 0011 0000 > Enter; this is row 48. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 185 In I/Q modulation schemes, symbols appear in default positions in the I/Q plane. Using the I/Q Values editor, you can define your own symbol map by changing the position of one or more symbols. Use the following procedure to create and store a 4–symbol unbalanced QPSK modulation. 1. Press Preset. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 186 7. Enter a file name (for example, NEW4QAM) using the alpha keys and the numeric keypad. 8. Press Enter. The user–defined I/Q State Map should now be stored in the Catalog of IQ Files and can be recalled even after the signal generator has been turned off. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 187 Delete All Rows > Confirm Delete All Rows. This accesses the Frequency Values editor and clears the previous values. 3. Press 600 > Hz. 4. Press 1.8 > kHz. 5. Press –600 > Hz. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 188 Edit Keys > Clear Text 10. Enter a file name (for example, NEWFSK) using the alpha keys and the numeric keypad. 11. Press Enter. The user–defined FSK modulation should now be stored in the Catalog of FSK Files. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 189: Differential Wideband Iq (Option 016)
RF. The internal ARB I and Q signals are available at the I and Q OUT and the I–bar and Q–bar OUT rear panel connectors. Use the following steps to setup the internal ARB as a baseband source and enable the wideband inputs. 1. Set up the internal baseband generator with the desired signal. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 190: Configuring Hardware
Using this procedure, you learn how to utilize an external function generator to apply a delayed single–trigger to a custom multicarrier waveform. 1. Connect an Keysight 33120A function generator or equivalent to the signal generator PATT TRIGGER IN port, as Figure 6-1.
Page 191 The externally single–triggered custom multicarrier waveform should be available at the signal generator’s RF OUTPUT connector 100 ms after receiving a change in TTL state from low to high at the PATT TRIG IN. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 192 Custom Arb Waveform Generator Configuring Hard ware Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 193: Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband
The following steps select a predefined mode where filtering, symbol rate, and modulation type are defined by the APCO 25 w/C4FM digital modulation standard, and return to the top–level custom modulation menu. 1. Press Preset. 2. Press Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 194: Deselecting A Predefined Real Time Modulation Setup
Files, select from a Catalog of Bit Files and use it, or select from a Catalog of Bit Files, edit the file, and resave the file. • Ext allows data patterns to be fed into the I/Q symbol builder, through the DATA port, in real–time. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 195: Using A Predefined Data Pattern
Bit File Editor. For information on creating user–defined data files on a remote computer, see the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide. These procedures demonstrate how to use the Bit File Editor to create, edit, and store user–defined data pattern files for use within the custom real–time I/Q baseband generator modulation.
Page 196 Bit data is entered into the Bit File Editor in 1–bit format. The current hexadecimal value of the binary data is shown in the Hex Data column and the cursor position (in hexadecimal) is shown in the Position indicator. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 197 If you have not already created, stored, and recalled a data pattern user file, complete the steps in the previous sections, “Creating a Data Pattern User File with the Bit File Editor” on page 181 “Selecting a Data Pattern User File from the Catalog of Bit Files” on page 183. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 198 This inverts the bit values that are positioned 4C through 4F. Notice that hex data in this row has now changed to 76DB6DB6, as shown in the following figure. Bits 4C through 4F inverted Hex Data changed Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 199: Using An Externally Supplied Data Pattern
The default burst shape of each format is implemented according to the standards of the format selected. You can, however, modify the following aspects of the burst shape: Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 200: Configuring The Burst Rise And Fall Parameters
The Rise Shape and Fall Shape editors are available for custom real–time I/Q baseband generator waveforms. They are not available for waveforms generated by the dual arbitrary waveform generator. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 201 Working with Burst Shapes You can also design burst shape files externally and download the data to the signal generator. For more information, see the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide. To Create and Store User–Defined Burst Shape Curves Using this procedure, you learn how to enter rise shape sample values and mirror them as fall shape values to create a symmetrical burst curve.
Page 202 If there is already a file name from the Catalog of SHAPE Files occupying the active entry area, press the following keys: Editing Keys > Clear Text 7. Enter a file name (for example, NEWBURST) using the alpha keys and the numeric keypad. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 203: Configuring Hardware
1. Press Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband > More (1 of 3) > Configure Hardware. Configure Hardware displays a menu where you can set the BBG Reference to External or Internal. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 204: To Set The External Data Clock To Receive Input As Either Normal Or Symbol
1. Press Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband > More (1 of 3) > Configure Hardware. Configure Hardware allows you to access a menu from which you can adjust the I/Q Scaling. 2. Press I/Q Scaling, enter a desired I/Q scaling level, and press %. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 205: Working With Phase Polarity
I/Q plane using two distinct values, 1.000000 and –1.000000. These four symbols can be differentially Figure encoded during the modulation process by assigning symbol table offset values associated with each data value. 7-3 on page 192 shows the 4QAM modulation in the I/Q Values editor. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 206 I/Q mapping. Where differential encoding encodes the raw data by using symbol table offset values to manipulate I/Q mapping at the point of modulation, differential data encoding uses the transition from one bit value to another to encode the raw data. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 207 Entering a value of +1 causes a 1–state forward transition through the I/Q State Map. As an example, consider the following data/symbol table offset values. These symbol table offsets result in one of the transitions shown. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 208 The actual state–to–state transition depends on the state in which the modulation starts. Example 1 Example 2 transition 1 state forward transition 1 state backward Example Data Offset Value 00000000 −1 00000001 00000010 00000011 Example 3 Example 4 transition 2 states forward no transition Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 209: Using Differential Encoding
“Editing the Differential State Map” on page 197 • Configuring User–Defined I/Q Modulation 1. Press Preset. 2. Press Mode > Custom > Real Time I/Q Baseband > Modulation Type > Define User I/Q > More (1 of 2) > Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 210 This opens the Differential State Map editor. At this point, you see the data for the 1st symbol (00000000) and the cursor prepared to accept an offset value. You are now prepared to create a custom differential encoding for the user–defined default 4QAM I/Q modulation. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 211 11 is modulated. NOTE At this point, the modulation has two bits per symbol. For the data values 00000000, 00000001, 00000010, 00000011, the symbol values are 00, 01, 10, and 11 respectively. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 212 To save a custom differential state map, you must store the user–defined modulation for which it was designed. Otherwise the symbol table offset data is purged when you press the Confirm Exit From Table Without Saving softkey when exiting from the I/Q or FSK editor. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 213: Gps Modulation (Option 409)
(single satellite GPS) NOTE The Keysight Scenario Generator for GPS software (Option 422) provides the ability to create custom scenario files for real-time playback using Option 409. The software is available as a free download, allowing you to investigate the features of the scenario generator, create and save scenario files, or download them to your E8267D signal generator.
Page 214 GPS Modulation (Option 409) Real Time MSGPS • adjustable chip clock reference (10.23 Mcps ± 10%) • selectable I/Q phase (normal or inverted) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 215: Signal Generation Block Diagram
Satellites softkey to specify the number of satellites in the MSGPS simulation. Figure 8-1 MSGPS Signal Generation Diagram Scenario Files When you install option 409, a GPS directory is created in the PSG non-volatile memory and two MSGPS scenario files Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 216 1. Open your web browser and type in the IP address of your PSG. The PSG’s Welcome webpage is displayed. 2. Click Signal Generator Web Control. Below the graphical representation of the PSG front panel is a field for entering SCPI commands. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 217: Rf Power Level Considerations
(a DC voltage is delivered to the antenna from the receiver). A DC block is therefore required between the signal generator and the antenna. For direct connection, Keysight recommends setting the signal generator RF output power to between -70 and -80 dBm and using an 80 dB attenuator and a DC blocking device between the signal generator output and the antenna input of the receiver under test.
Page 218 If no CNO value is reported for a particular satellite (satellites 21 and 29 in the table) the receiver is currently not tracking that satellite. For more information, refer to the following document, available at http://www.nmea.org/pub/0183/. NMEA 0183, Standard For Interfacing Marine Electronic Devices Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 219: Generating A Real Time Msgps Signal
MSGPS scenario selected. The scenario information within the box (Scenario State, Signal Play Duration, Satellites in View) is dynamic. The scenario information outside of the box (Location, Start Date, and so on) is static. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 220: Configuring The External Reference Clock
C/A code or the C/A + P code • three selectable ranging codes: C/A, P, or C/A+P P code signals are spectrally correct but do not contain valid data. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 221: Real Time Gps Introduction
I axis of the I/Q modulator, and the P code modulates the L-band signal using the Q axis. Select the data provided by the data generator using the Data softkey or by choosing the TLM data mode. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 222 TLM - The telemetry (TLM) mode enables the continuous transmission of a formatted TLM word, a handover word (HOW), and default navigation data as outlined in the Global Positioning System Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification, 2nd Edition, June 2, 1995. Use this mode for receiver testing. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 223 GPS Modulation (Option 409) Real Time GPS Figure 8-4 shows the subframe structures for each data mode. Figure 8-4 Subframe Structures Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 224 EVENT 1 and EVENT 2 are BNC connectors. If the signal generator is configured with Option 1EM, EVENT 1 and EVENT 2 connectors are changed from BNC to SMB “Rear Panel” on page connectors. See Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 225 (Enc) data mode. The PSG will compute parity bits for the last 6-bits of each word. NOTE If you select the encoded mode for a user file that incorporates parity bits, the parity bits will be recomputed Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 226: Setting Up The Real Time Gps Signal
50 bps. Using factory preset settings, the C/A chip rate is 1.023 Mcps with a clock reference of 10.23 Mcps. A 2.5 kHz doppler shift simulates the relative motion of the satellite with respect to the receiver. For more information on the GPS “Real Time GPS” on page 206. option, refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 227: Configuring The External Reference Clock
Notice the settings Satellite ID, Doppler Shift, “Setting Up the Real Time GPS Signal” on Data, and Data Mode, have not changed from the previous procedure, page 212. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 228: Testing Receiver Sensitivity
C/A code rate is one-tenth of the reference frequency and so is now 1.103 kcps. For more information on the GPS “Real Time GPS” on page 206. option, refer to Testing Receiver Sensitivity Figure 8-8. Refer to Figure 8-8. 1. Connect the cables between the receiver and the PSG as shown in Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 229 4. Set the L-band frequency on the PSG. 5. Set up the UE (user equipment) to receive the signal from the PSG. 6. Turn on the GPS personality and the RF output on the PSG. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 230 GPS Modulation (Option 409) Real Time GPS Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 231: Multitone Waveform Generator
NOTE For more information about multitone waveform characteristics and the PSG vector signal generator multitone format, download Application Note 1410 from our website by going to http://www.keysight.com and searching for “AN 1410” in Test & Measurement. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 232: Creating, Viewing, And Optimizing Multitone Waveforms
This section describes how to set up, generate, and optimize a multitone waveform while viewing it with a spectrum analyzer. Although you can view a generated multitone signal using any spectrum analyzer that has sufficient frequency range, an Keysight Technologies PSA high–performance spectrum analyzer was used for this demonstration. Before Figure 9-1.
Page 233: To View A Multitone Waveform
You should now see a waveform with nine tones and a 20 GHz center carrier frequency that is similar to the one shown Figure 9-3. You will also see IMD products at 1 MHz intervals above and below the highest and lowest tones. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 234: To Edit The Multitone Setup Table
5. Highlight the value (0 dB) in the Power column for the tone in row 4. 6. Press Edit Item > –10 > dB. 7. Highlight the value (0) in the Phase column for the tone in row 4. 8. Press Edit Item > 123 > deg. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 235 The spectrum analyzer should display a waveform similar to the one shown in page 222. Notice that even–numbered multitone waveforms have a small amount of carrier feedthrough at the center carrier frequency. Figure 9-4 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 236: To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough
8. Create a marker and place it on the peak of one of the end tones. 9. Create a delta marker and place it on the peak of the adjacent intermodulation product, which should be spaced 10 MHz from the marked tone. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 237: To Determine Peak To Average Characteristics
Figure 9-7. The CCDF plot displays the peak to You should now see a display that is similar to the one shown in average characteristics of the waveform with all phases set to zero. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 238 An increase in the number of tones with random phases will decrease the probability of a maximum peak power occurrence. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 239 Multitone Waveform Generator Creating, Viewing, and Optimizing Multitone Waveforms Figure 9-8CCDF Plot with Random Phase Set Peak Power Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 240 Multitone Waveform Generator Creating, Viewing, and Optimizing Multitone Waveforms Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 241: Two-Tone Waveform Generator
To minimize carrier feedthrough for a two–tone signal, you must manually adjust the I and Q offsets while observing the center carrier frequency with a spectrum analyzer. For measurements that require the absence of IMD and carrier feedthrough, you can create distortion–free multitone signals using Keysight Technologies’ Signal Studio software Option 408.
Page 242: To Create A Two-Tone Waveform
Notice that the T–TONE, I/Q, RF ON, and MOD ON annunciators are displayed and the parameter settings for the signal are shown in the status area of the signal generator display. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 243: To View A Two-Tone Waveform
10-3. You will also see IMD products at 10 MHz intervals above and below the generated tones, and a carrier feedthrough spike at the center frequency with carrier feedthrough distortion products at 10 MHz intervals above and below the center carrier frequency. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 244: To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough
8. Create a marker and place it on the peak of one of the two tones. 9. Create a delta marker and place it on the peak of the adjacent intermodulation product, which should be spaced 10 MHz from the marked tone. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 245: To Change The Alignment Of A Two-Tone Waveform
3. On the spectrum analyzer, temporarily turn off waveform averaging to refresh your view more quickly. You should Figure 10-5. now see a left–aligned two–tone waveform that is similar to the one shown in Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 246 Two–Tone Waveform Generator Creating, Viewing, and Modifying Two–Tone Waveforms Figure 10-5 Two–Tone Upper Tone Aligned with Channels Carrier Frequency Intermodulation Distortion Carrier Frequency Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 247: Awgn Waveform Generator
4. Press Waveform Length > 131072. 5. Press Noise Seed Fixed Random until Random is highlighted. This configures a randomly seeded AWGN waveform with a bandwidth of 1.25 MHz and a waveform length of 131072 bits. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 248: Real Time I/Q Baseband Awgn
Press AWGN Off On until On is highlighted. This generates an AWGN waveform with the parameters defined in the previous procedure. During waveform generation, the AWGN and I/Q annunciators activate. The waveform is now modulating the RF carrier. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 249: Peripheral Devices
“Operating the N5102A Module in Output Mode” on page 250 • “Operating the N5102A Module in Input Mode” on page 259 • Millimeter-Wave Source Modules “Using Keysight Millimeter-Wave Source Modules” on page 267 • “Using Other Source Modules” on page 271 • N5102A Digital Signal Interface Module Clock Timing This section describes how clocking for the digital data is provided.
Page 250 The IF signal type is not available for a serial port configuration. Table 12-2Warranted Parallel Input Level Clock Rates and Maximum Clock Rates Logic Type Warranted Level Clock Rates Maximum Clock Rates (typical) LVTTL and CMOS 100 MHz 100 MHz Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 251 The maximum sample rate depends on the selected filter when the data rate is Pre-FIR Samples. Refer to page 249 for more information. Parallel and Parallel Interleaved Port Configuration Clock Rates Parallel and parallel interleaved port configurations have other limiting factors for the clock and sample rates: Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 252 Clock Source The clock signal for the N5102A module is provided in one of three ways through the following selections: • Internal: generated internally in the interface module (requires an external reference) Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 253 PSG Frequency Reference Connections When a frequency reference is connected to the PSG, it is applied to one of two rear-panel connectors: • 10 MHz IN • BASEBAND GEN REF IN Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 254 31. For information on the associated GEN REF IN connector refer to softkeys and fields for entering the frequency of the applied clock signal or frequency reference, refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference. Figure 12-3Frequency Reference Setup Diagrams for the N5102A Module Clock Signal...
Page 255 (sample rate to clock rate ratio). demonstrates the clock timing for each clocks per sample selection. For input mode, the clocks per sample setting is always one. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 256 Figure 12-4Clock Sample Timing for Parallel Port Configuration 1 Clock Per Sample Clock and sample rates are the same 1 Sample Period 1 Clock Clock I sample 4 bits per word Q sample 4 bits per word Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 257 4 bits per word 4 Clocks Per Sample Sample rate decreases by a factor of four 1 Sample Period 4 Clocks Clock I sample 4 bits per word Q sample 4 bits per word Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 258 The I sample is transmitted on one clock transition and the Q sample is transmitted on the other transition; the sample and clock rates are the same. 1 Sample Period 1 Clock Clock I sample Q sample 4 bits per word 4 bits per word Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 259 The I sample is transmitted for the first two clock periods and the Q sample is transmitted during the second two clock periods; the sample rate is decreased by a factor of four. 1 Sample Period 4 Clocks Clock I sample Q sample 4 bits per word 4 bits per word Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 260 Notice that the skew adjustment adds to the phase setting. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 261: Connecting The Clock Source And The Device Under Test
The Device Interface connector on the interface module communicates using high speed digital data. Use ESD precautions to eliminate potential damage when making connections. NOTE You must disconnect the digital bus cable and the digital module while downloading firmware to the signal generator. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 262: Data Types
5. Connect the device to the break-out board. See the N5102A Digital Signal Interface Module Installation Guide for information on breakout board connectivity. Data Types The following block diagram indicates where in the PSG signal generation process the data is injected for input mode or Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 263 When the data type is Samples, the data samples coming through the digital module are injected at a point that bypasses the filtering process. If Pre-FIR Samples is selected, the data samples are injected before the filtering process. The maximum rate will be Table 12-7. determined by the selected filter. Refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 264: Operating The N5102A Module In Output Mode
This accesses the UI (first-level softkey menu shown in module. Notice the graphic in the PSG display showing a setup where the N5102A module is generating its own internal clock signal. This graphic changes to reflect the current clock source selection. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 265 Line is grayed out until the N5102A module interface is turned on Choosing the Logic Type and Port Configuration Figure 12-10Logic and Port Configuration Softkey Menus Figure 12-10. Press the Logic Type softkey. 1. Refer to From this menu, choose a logic type. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 266 This procedure guides you through the data setup menu. Softkeys that have self-explanatory names are generally not mentioned. For example, the Word Size softkey. For more information on all of the softkeys, refer to Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference.
Page 267 (sample) size. When the port configuration is serial, the display will show that only one I and one Q data Figure 12-12 line is being used along with the frame marker that delineates the beginning of a sample. shows the data setup menu structure. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 268 5. Select the numeric format required for the test. 6. Press the More (1 of 2) softkey. From this softkey menu, select the bit order, swap I and Q, select the polarity of the transmitted data, and access Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 269 10. Press Return > Return to return to the first-level softkey menu. Configuring the Clock Signal Figure 12-13. Press the Clock Setup softkey. 1. Refer to Figure 12-13Clock Setup Menu Location Accesses the Clock Setup Menu Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 270 If the device or external clock does not match the frequency, one of the following error messages will appear on the PSG: Digital module output FIFO overflow error; There are more samples being produced than can be consumed at the current clock rate. Verify that the digital module clock is set up properly. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 271 Press the Reference Frequency softkey and enter the frequency of the externally applied frequency reference. b. Press the Clock Rate softkey and enter the appropriate clock rate. Table 12-8 provides a quick view of the settings and connections associated with each clock source selection. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 272 The clock source selection is also reflected in the first-level softkey menu graphic. For example, if the device is the new clock source, the graphic will show that the frequency reference is now connected to the DUT and the DUT has Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 273: Operating The N5102A Module In Input Mode
This accesses the UI (first-level softkey menu shown in interface module. Notice the graphic, in the PSG display, showing a setup where the N5102A module is generating its own internal clock signal. This graphic changes to reflect the current clock source selection. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 274 If both Option 003 (output mode) and Option 004 (input mode) are installed, you must select the input direction. Press Data Setup > Direction Input Output to Input and press Return. NOTE If only Option 004 is installed, the direction softkey will be unavailable and the mode will always be input. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 275 To get help information, press the Help hardkey, then press the unavailable softkey. 4. Select the port configuration for the device being tested. Configuring the Clock Signal Figure 12-17. 1. Press the Clock Setup softkey, as shown in Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 276 This error is reported when the digital module clock setup is not synchronized with the rate the samples are entering the digital module. Verify that the input clock rate matches the specified clock rate under the clock setup menu. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 277 The clock phase and clock skew may need to be adjusted any time the clock rate setting is changed. Refer to “Clock Timing for Phase and Skew Adjustments” on page 246. For the External selection, the signal is supplied by an external clock source and applied to the Ext Clock In Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 278 This provides a fine adjustment for the clock relative to its current phase position. The skew is a phase adjustment using increments of time. This enables greater skew adjustment capability at higher clock rates. For clock rates below 25 MHz, this softkey is inactive. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 279 This procedure guides you through the data setup menu. Softkeys that have self-explanatory names (for example, the Word Size softkey) are generally not mentioned. For more information on all of the softkeys, refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference.
Page 280 From this menu, select how the binary values are represented. Selecting 2’s complement allows both positive and negative data values. Use the Offset Binary selection when components cannot process negative values. 5. Select the numeric format required for the test. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 281: Millimeter-Wave Source Modules
Millimeter-Wave Source Modules You can extend the signal generator’s RF frequency using an Keysight 8355x series millimeter-wave source module or any other external source module. The output frequency range depends on the frequency range of the mm-wave source module.
Page 282 Millimeter-Wave Source Modules • Keysight 8355x series millimeter-wave source module • Keysight 8349B microwave amplifier (required only for the E8257D PSG without Options 1EA, 1EU, or 521) • RF output cables and adapters as required NOTE Maximum insertion loss for cables and adapters connected to the E8267D PSG or E8257D PSG with Options 1EA, 1EU, or 521, should be less than 1.5 dB.
Page 283 Peripheral Devices Millimeter-Wave Source Modules Figure 12-21E8257D PSG without Option 1EA, 1EU, or 521 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 284 NOTE Refer to the mm-wave source module specifications for the specific frequency and amplitude ranges. 2. Press Frequency > (3 of 3) > Source Module, toggle the Keysight 8355x Source Module Off On softkey to On. The signal generator will: •...
Page 285: Using Other Source Modules
Peripheral Devices Millimeter-Wave Source Modules When the 8355x series mm-wave source is enable via the front panel Keysight 8355x Source Module Off On softkey, the MMOD indicator in the FREQUENCY area and the MM indicator in the AMPLITUDE area will appear on the signal generator’s display.
Page 286 Peripheral Devices Millimeter-Wave Source Modules Figure 12-23E8257D PSG without Option 1EA, 1EU, or 521 Figure 12-24Setup for E8267D PSG and E8257D PSG with Option 1EA, 1EU, or 521 Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 287 Automatic leveling at the source module output is not available with the OEM Source Module selection. 2. Press Frequency > (3 of 3) > Source Module. Toggle the Keysight 8355x Source Module Off On softkey to Off. 3. Toggle the OEM Source Off On softkey to On.
Page 288 Peripheral Devices Millimeter-Wave Source Modules Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 289: Rf Output Power Problems
Troubleshooting This chapter provides basic troubleshooting information for Keysight PSG signal generators. If you do not find a solution here, refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide. NOTE If the signal generator displays an error, always read the error message text by pressing Utility > Error Info.
Page 290: Troubleshooting
The Power Supply has Shut Down If the power supply is not working, it requires repair or replacement. There is no user–replaceable power supply fuse. Refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide for instructions. Signal Loss While Working with a Mixer If you experience signal loss at the signal generator’s RF output during low–amplitude coupled operation with a mixer,...
Page 291 The signal generator’s ALC level is increased to +2 dBm and transmitted through a 10 dB attenuator to achieve the required –8 dBm amplitude at the mixer input. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 292: Signal Loss While Working With A Spectrum Analyzer
5. Turn the signal generator’s automatic leveling control (ALC) off: press Amplitude > ALC Off On to Off. 6. Monitor the RF output amplitude as measured by the power meter. Press Amplitude and adjust the signal generator’s RF output amplitude until the desired power is measured by the Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 293 Power search mode executes a power search routine that temporarily closes the ALC, calibrates the power of the current RF output, and then opens the ALC circuitry. See the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference for more information on the Power Search function.
Page 294 During Fixed, the Power Search Reference is set fixed RMS reference level and is used to bias the I/Q modulator. Manual RMS During the Manual RMS, the user selects a DC bias level (0 to 1.414 Vrms) as a Power Search Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 295: No Modulation At The Rf Output
Although you can set up and enable various modulations, the RF carrier is modulated only when you have also set Mod On/Off to On. On the E8267D, for digital modulation, make sure that I/Q Off On is set to On. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 296: Sweep Problems
The TTL/CMOS output available at the TRIG OUT connector, however, is asserted high only during the actual dwell time. If the list dwell values are correct, continue to the next step. 4. Observe if the Dwell Type List Step softkey is set to Step. Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 297: List Sweep Information Is Missing From A Recalled Register
If either error message −311 or −700 is stored in the error message queue, the signal generator’s battery has failed. 6. Refer to the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Service Guide for battery replacement instructions. Saved Instrument State, but Register is Empty or Contains Wrong State If you select a register number greater than 99, the signal generator automatically selects register 99 to save the instrument state.
Page 298: Cannot Turn Off Help Mode
• Make sure that the signal generator is not in local lockout condition. Local lockout prevents front panel operation. For more information on local lockout, refer to the Keysight Signal Generators Programming Guide. • Check for a progress bar on the signal generator display, which indicates that an operation is in progress.
Page 299: Error Messages
Refer to the DCFM/DCΦM Cal softkey description in the Keysight PSG Signal Generators Key Reference. c. Keysight Technologies is interested in the circumstances that made it necessary for you to initiate this procedure. Please contact us at the telephone number listed at http://www.keysight.com/find/assist. We would like to help you eliminate any repeat occurrences.
Page 300: Error Message Format
• a valid program message could not be properly executed due to some device condition. Execution errors are reported after rounding and expression evaluation operations are completed. Rounding a numeric Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 301: Contacting Keysight Sales And Service Offices
These include incorrect device–specific headers and incorrect or unimplemented IEEE 488.2 common commands. Contacting Keysight Sales and Service Offices Assistance with test and measurement needs, and information on finding a local Keysight office are available on the Internet at: http://www.keysight.com/find/assist You can also purchase E8257D/67D or E8663D PSG accessories or documentation items on the Internet at: http://www.keysight.com/find/psg...
Page 302 Troubleshooting Returning a Signal Generator to Keysight Technologies Keysight PSG Signal Generators User’s Guide...
Page 303 Index Symbols with attenuator option ALC hold 18, 151 ΦM description saving setting Numerics ALC HOLD connector 003, option ALC INPUT connector 13, 34 004, option alpha adjustment (filter) 005, option alternate ramp sweep 007, option 3, 6, 8, 49 18, 150 008, option 3, 6...
Page 304 Index BASEBAND GEN CLK IN connector concepts baseband generator differential data encoding AWGN FIR filters custom arb mode 9, 157, 9, 179 waveform clipping 115–121, 95, 123–125 dual arb mode 9, 77 confidential data multitone mode 9, 217 connections settings 189, 190 common frequency reference two-tone mode...
Page 305 Index data filtering, pre or post fir 254, 266 E8267D data sheets optional features data types standard features DC detector E8663D DC offset optional features declassification Edit Item softkey default FIR filter, restoring Erase All 68, 69, 71 default navigation data, GPS erase and overwrite delay, external trigger signal erase and sanitize...
Page 306 Index waveform segments 90–94, 91–93 See also instrument state register handover word, GPS See also memory catalog hardkeys 10–15 filtered & unfiltered samples 254, 266 hardware, configuring 176, 189 filters harmonics, below 2 GHz, option UNX interpolation 123–124 Help hardkey using 160–167 help mode troubleshooting...
Page 307 See also instrument state register keypad, numeric erasing 63, 68 keys flash drive disabling hard disk front panel 10–15 overwriting Keysight PSG web page persistence knob, front panel sanitizing 68, 69, 63 types waveform 64, 63 L (listener mode) annunciator menus lan configuration...
Page 308 Index multitone custom arb mode 157, 179 multitone mode description 5, 9 multitone waveform generator 217–225 multitone mode two-tone mode using symbol rates additional information N5102A enabling baseband data 3, 6, 4, 6, 145, 4, 6, 8, 149–152, 154, 4, 8, 149, 152, 4, 7, clock rates 235, 255, 261 8, 149, 152, 4, 6...
Page 309 Index search mode 279, 276, 15 receiver test PRAM recovery sequence, fail-safe predefined filters rectangular clipping predefined modulation setups 157, 179 reference pre-fir samples selection 254, 266 amplitude, setting Preset hardkey frequency, setting private data GPS chip clock problems. See troubleshooting MSGPS chip clock product information oscillator bandwidth, adjusting...
Page 310 SWEEP OUT connector clock and sample rates 237, 246 sweep progress bar service request annunciator switch, power service, Keysight sales and service offices symbol rates setting SYMBOL SYNC connector 15, 34 user-defined, RF output limits SYNC OUT connector shape files...
Page 311 Index trigger polarity web server triggers 109–115, 176 website troubleshooting 275–287 wfm1 two tone 9, 77, 227–232 WFM1 files WIDEBAND I INPUT connectors wideband IQ WIDEBAND Q INPUT connectors UK6, option 3, 6 unfiltered & filtered samples 254, 266 unframed data UNLEVEL annunciator Z-AXIS BLANK/MKRS connector UNLOCK annunciator...
Page 312 Index...

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Keysight E8357D User Manual

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