Filtering - Newa More NMO 20 CRNE Instructions And Warranty

4. Connect the air-pump to the electrical socket only after setting up the aquarium as required and filling it with water.
5. Adjust the air flow of the porous wood element using the adjuster on the adjustment tap. The adjustment will be correct when
foam comes out of the outlet cylinder and collects extremely slowly in the collection cup.
6. To empty the collection cup, stop the air-pump and then remove the collection cup from its housing. Use hot water only to
clean it. Do not use detergents or sponges that have been in contact with soap, solvents or other chemical substances. Put the
collection cup and the lid back into position, and restart the air-pump.
WARNING: the correct operation of the skimmer depends on:
• The water level in the aquarium. It is advisable to check its correct operation when topping up or after changing the water by
adjusting the air adjustment tap.
• The air flow guaranteed by the air-pump. It is advisable to check that the corresponding air-intake filter, positioned under the
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air-pump, is clean. If not, it should be replaced.
• The integrity of the porous wood element. It is advisable to check the flow and the density of the bubbles it produces, which
may be reduced over time and impair the filtering action. Replace the porous wood element every 45 – 60 days (see Chapter VII).
V.d FILTERING
THE FILTER IS A "CLOSED CYCLE" PURIFICATION SYSTEM THAT MAKES THE AQUARIUM TOTALLY INDEPENDENT FROM CONNECTIONS
WITH WATER INLETS AND OUTLETS (Fig. 21). The filter is an essential tool for operating the aquarium. Without it, the water would
need to be changed very often. The powerful and effective NEWA More filter is intended to circulate and "clean" water, trapping
suspended impurities and invisible dissolved substances derived from animal excrement, dead leaves and food debris.
There are basically 3 filtering actions: MECHANICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL.
MECHANICAL ACTION
Mechanical filtering is the first filtering stage. It involves trapping particles suspended in the water. With the NEWA More filter,
this filtering action is carried out by the NEWA More Mechanichem filter cartridge, which comprises 2 layers of synthetic wool
with highly absorbent active carbon in-between (Fig. 22). The "dirty" water passes through the first layer of synthetic wool,
where it leaves coarse deposits and undergoes initial biological treatment. Subsequently, the active carbon and the second layer
of synthetic wool trap any remaining deposits, neutralizing all organic substances that tend to colour the water or create bad
smells. If the filter cartridge should become clogged, two outlets to the side of the filtering area will convey the water in the
aquarium, preventing it from overflowing (Fig. 23). The Mechanichem filter cartridges should be rinsed every 7-8 days under
running water and replaced once a month.
CHEMICAL ACTION
This filtering action works on the chemical substances in drinking water (e.g. chlorine, phosphates and nitrates), pigments that
reduce its clarity, potentially toxic organic compounds, drug residues and smells etc. With the NEWA More filter, this action
is carried out by plant-derived active carbon in the NEWA More Mechanichem filter cartridge. This carbon has a very porous
structure and a wide surface area that allows a highly physical and chemical absorbent capacity. In this way, any harmful
substance inseparably sticks to the carbon that saturates it: this is why the Newa More Mechanichem filter cartridge needs to be
replaced regularly, about once a month.
BIOLOGICAL ACTION
This essential filtering action is carried out by nitrifying bacteria that colonize the biological base and the interchangeable
BioFoam More filter cartridge. Biochemical transformations purify the water, removing organic substances deriving from the
fish faeces, food debris, decaying leaves and plant fragments. These weaken the aquatic fauna, making it particularly sensitive
to stress and diseases. In order of toxicity, these are (Fig. 24):
1. Ammonia (NH3), a very toxic substance that, with the presence of the correct pH, is soon transformed into ammonium ion
(NH4 +), which is less toxic but chemically unstable.
2. Nitrites (NO2), the result of the transformation of NH3 and NH4 + by certain bacteria in the filter. It is a toxic compound even
when it is a low dosage.
3. Nitrates (NO3), substances derived from the transformation of nitrites by other bacteria. Within certain limits, nitrates are not
very toxic and well-tolerated by fish.
A newly set up aquarium requires special attention, since the filters do not yet have a sufficient quantity of bacteria for efficient
biological filtering. It is therefore advisable to wait at least 8-10 days after switching on the aquarium before introducing fish
and, at least during the first month of operation, feeding the fish sparingly, since food also contributes to increasing the quantity
of dissolved organic substances.
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