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Summary of Contents for Danfoss CH290
- Page 1 Application Guide Scroll compressors CH290 and CH485 R410A, 50 Hz www.danfoss.com...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Contents Contents Introduction Scroll compression principle Cut away CH290 and CH485 Product identification Name Plate Nomenclature Compressors serial number Refrigerant and lubricants General Information R410A Phased-out Refrigerant POE oil Technical specifications Technical specifications 50 Hz... - Page 3 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Contents Wiring connections Terminal box temperature Motor protection module IP rating Three phase electrical characteristics Motor protection Phase sequence and reverse rotation protection Voltage imbalance Application Manage sound and vibration Manage Operating envelope Operating conditions...
- Page 4 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Contents Lubricant Acoustic hoods Terminal boxes, covers and T-block connectors Miscellaneous Updates Online support © Danfoss | Climate Solutions | 2022.09 AB236986442743en-000501 | 4...
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Page 5: Introduction
Introduction Scroll compression principle In a Danfoss CH scroll compressor, the compression is performed by two scroll elements located in the upper part of the compressor. Suction gas enters the compressor at the suction connection. As all of the gas flows around and through the electrical motor, thus ensuring complete motor cooling in all applications, oil droplets separate and fall into the oil sump. -
Page 6: Cut Away Ch290 And Ch485
Compression Discharge Cut away CH290 and CH485 CH range is composed of CH290 & CH485 (large commercial platform). Figure 1: Cut away CH290 and CH485 Heat shield that lowers the heat transfer between discharge and suction gas and the acoustic level... -
Page 7: Product Identification
PROTECTED BY DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN PATENTS Nomenclature Danfoss CH290 & CH485 scroll compressor for R410A are available as single compressor. The example below presents the compressor nomenclature which equals the technical reference as shown on the compressor nameplate. Code numbers for ordering are listed section “Ordering information and packaging”. -
Page 8: Compressors Serial Number
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Product identification Compressors serial number 12345678 Year code 8 Digit serial number Month code Plant assembly line code Table 1: Serial number code legend table Year code Month code Plant assembly line code Year... -
Page 9: Refrigerant And Lubricants
Phased-out Refrigerant Danfoss Commercial Compressors, along with the whole refrigeration and air conditioning industry, shares today’s concern about the environmental issues that are ozone depletion, global warming and overall energy consumption. Usual HCFCs refrigerant fluids such as R22 are known to be implicated in these harmful phenomena, especially ozone depletion due to their chlorinated content. -
Page 10: Poe Oil
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Refrigerant and lubricants Table 4: Thermodynamic properties Refrigerant R407C R410A Vapour pressure (bar) at 25°C 10.4 11.9 16.5 Cooling capacity of liquid (kJ/kg.K) at 25°C 1.24 1.54 1.84 Cooling capacity of vapor (kJ/kg.K) at 1 atm, 25 °C 0.657... -
Page 11: Technical Specifications
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Technical specifications Technical specifications Technical specifications 50 Hz Table 5: Technical specifications data 50 Hz Nominal Swept vol‐ Displace‐ Net weight Nominal cooling capacity Power input E.E.R. Oil charge tons 60 Hz ment Model... -
Page 12: Sound And Vibration Data
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Sound and vibration data Sound and vibration data Starting sound level During start-up transients it is natural for the compressor sound level to be slightly higher than during normal running. The CH scroll compressors exhibit very little increased start-up transient sound. If a compressor is miswired, the compressor will run in reverse. - Page 13 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Sound and vibration data Because of the unique Danfoss design of a full-suction gas-cooled motor, compressor body insulation across its entire operating range is possible. Acoustic hoods are available from Danfoss as accessories. They have been developed to meet specific extra low noise requirements.
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Page 14: Operating Enevlope Data
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Operating enevlope data Operating enevlope data The operating envelopes for CH scroll compressors is given in the figure below, where the condensing and evaporating temperatures represent the range for steady-state operation. Under transient conditions, such as start- up and defrost, the compressor may operate outside this envelope for short periods. -
Page 15: High And Low Pressure Protection
A low-pressure (LP) safety switch must be used. Deep vacuum operations of a scroll compressor can cause internal electrical arcing and scroll instability. Danfoss CH Scroll compressors exhibit high volumetric efficiency and may draw very low vacuum levels, which could induce such a problem. The minimum low-pressure safety switch (loss-of- charge safety switch) setting is given in the following table. -
Page 16: Dimensions
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Dimensions Dimensions CH290 - Single version Figure 5: CH290 - Single version Ø 265.9 D: 1"1/8 Ø 257.4 S: 1"5/8 531.5 ± 1.2 Ø 318 301.5 345.4 279.4 Ø 19 370.8 304.8 60° CC-000050... -
Page 17: Ch290 - Parallel Version
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Dimensions CH290 - Parallel version Figure 6: CH290 - Parallel version Ø265.9 D: 1"1/8 Ø257.4 S: 1"5/8 531.5 Ø317.5 301.5 92.5 76.6 345.4 279.4 Ø19 60° 370.8 304.8 60° CC-000051 NOTE: All dimensions are in mm... -
Page 18: Ch485 - Single Version
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Dimensions CH485 - Single version Figure 7: CH485 - Single version D: 1”3/8 Ø 333.2 Ø 318.1 725.8 S: 1”5/8 345.4 279.4 218.6 Ø19 304.8 370.8 60º CC-000053 NOTE: All dimensions in mm... -
Page 19: Ch485 - Parallel Version
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Dimensions CH485 - Parallel version Figure 8: CH485 - Parallel version Ø333.2 D: 1"3/8 Ø318.1 S: 1"5/8 725.8 524.8 301.5 92.5 76.6 345.4 279.4 Ø19 218.6 60° 304.8 370.8 60° CC-000054 NOTE: All dimensions in mm... -
Page 20: Mechanical Connections
The required bolt size for the CH290 and 485 compressors is HM8-55. This bolt must be tightened to a torque of 21 Figure 10: Manifoldable compressor with rigid spacers... -
Page 21: Design Piping
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Mechanical connections Figure 12: Single compressor with rubber grommets Figure 13: Rubber grommets CC-0049 Rubber grommets HM 8 bolt Lock washer Flat washer Steel mounting sleeve Rubber grommet Compressor base plate Design piping General requirements Successful application of scroll compressors is dependent on careful selection of the compressor for the application. - Page 22 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Mechanical connections Suction lines If the evaporator lies above the compressor, as is often the case in split or remote condenser systems, the addition of a pump-down cycle is strongly recommended. If a pump-down cycle were to be omitted, the suction line must have a loop at the evaporator outlet to prevent refrigerant from draining into the compressor during off-cycles.
- Page 23 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Mechanical connections Figure 15: Discharge lines 3D flexibility CC-0044 U Trap Upper loop Condenser Heat exchangers To obtain optimum efficiency of the complete refrigerant system, optimised R410A heat exchangers must be used. R410A refrigerant has good heat transfer properties: it is worthwhile designing specific heat exchangers to gain in size and efficiency.
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Page 24: Electrical Connections
Any compressor damage related to this will not be covered by Danfoss warranty. In the same manner, cables must be selected in a way that ensures the terminal box temperature does not exceed 70°C (158°F). -
Page 25: Three Phase Electrical Characteristics
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Electrical connections Three phase electrical characteristics Table 9: Motor voltage code 4 Max. operating current Winding resistance Compressor model Ω CH290 0.52 CH485 0.28 LRA (Locked Rotor Amp) Locked Rotor Amp value is the higher average current as measured on mechanically blocked compressors tested under nominal voltage. -
Page 26: Phase Sequence And Reverse Rotation Protection
Compressor model CH290 & CH485 are delivered with an electronic module which provides protection against phase reversal and phase loss at start-up. Apply the recommended wiring diagrams from section “Suggested wiring diagram logic”. -
Page 27: Voltage Imbalance
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Electrical connections For more detailed information see “ Instructions for electronic module” FRCC.PI.031. Voltage imbalance The maximum allowable voltage imbalance is 2%. Voltage imbalance causes high amperage over one or several phases, which in turn leads to overheating and possible motor damage. Voltage imbalance is given by the formula: | ... -
Page 28: Application
Manage sound and vibration Gas pulsation The Danfoss CH scroll compressors have been designed and tested to ensure that gas pulsation has been optimised for the most commonly encountered air conditioning pressure ratio. On heat pump installations and other installations where the pressure ratio lies beyond the typical range, testing should be conducted under all expected conditions and operating configurations to ensure that minimum gas pulsation is present. - Page 29 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Discharge temperature protection The discharge gas temperature must not exceed 135°C. The discharge gas thermostat accessory kit (code 7750009) includes all components required for installation as shown below. The thermostat must be attached to the discharge line within 150 mm from the compressor discharge port and must be thermally insulated and tightly fixed on the pipe.
- Page 30 A low-pressure (LP) safety switch must be used. Deep vacuum operations of a scroll compressor can cause internal electrical arcing and scroll instability. Danfoss CH Scroll compressors exhibit high volumetric efficiency and may draw very low vacuum levels, which could induce such a problem. The minimum low-pressure safety switch (loss-of- charge safety switch) setting is given in the following table.
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Page 31: Manage Off Cycle Migration
Danfoss CH scroll compressors can tolerate occasional flooded starts as long as the total system charge does not exceed the maximum compressor refrigerant charge. A suitable test to evaluate the risk of off –cycle migration is the following: •... - Page 32 Provide separate electrical supply for the heaters so that they remain energized even when the machine is out of service (e.g. seasonal shutdown). Surface sump heater accessories are available from Danfoss (see section Accessories and Spare parts). Figure 23: Sump heater...
- Page 33 During normal operation, refrigerant enters the compressor as a superheated vapour. Liquid flood back occurs when a part of the refrigerant entering the compressor is still in liquid state. Danfoss CH scroll compressors can tolerate occasional liquid flood back. However system design must be such that repeated and excessive flood back is not possible.
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Page 34: Power Supply And Electrical Protection
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Continuous liquid flood back can occur with a wrong dimensioning, a wrong setting or malfunction of the expansion device or in case of evaporator fan failure or blocked air filters. A suction accumulator providing additional protection as explained hereunder can be used to solve light continuous liquid flood back. - Page 35 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Suggested wiring diagrams logic Figure 24: Compressor model CH290 L1 L3 Figure 25: Compressor model CH485 L1 L3 L2 © Danfoss | Climate Solutions | 2022.09 AB236986442743en-000501 | 35...
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Page 36: Specific Application Recommendations
Low ambient operations The Danfoss CH scroll compressor requires a minimum pressure differential of 6 to 7 bar between the suction and discharge pressures to force the orbiting scroll down against the oil film on the thrust bearing. Anything less than this differential and the orbiting scroll can lift up, causing a metal-to-metal contact. - Page 37 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application In air-cooled machines, cycling the fans with a head pressure controller will ensure that the fans remain off until the condensing pressure has reached a satisfactory level. Variable speed fans can also be used to control the condensing pressure.
- Page 38 Discharge line, reversing valve, solenoid valves The Danfoss CH scroll compressor is a high volumetric machine and, as such, can rapidly build up pressure in the discharge line if gas in the line becomes obstructed even for a very short period of time which situation may occur with slow-acting reversing valves in heat pumps.
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Page 39: Reduce Moisture In The System
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Defrost and reverse cycle The Danfoss CH scroll compressor have the ability to withstand a certain amount of liquid refrigerant dynamic slug. When compressors are installed in parallel, in order to limit liquid amount handled per compressor when beginning and ending defrost, it is recommended to avoid running part load (keep all compressors running or keep them stopped when moving 4-way valves). -
Page 40: Assembly Line Procedure
(water content capacity), the system refrigeration capacity and the system refrigerant charge. After burn out, remove & replace the liquid line filter drier and install a Danfoss type DAS burnout drier of the appropriate capacity. Refer to the DAS drier instructions and technical information for correct use of the burnout drier on the liquid line. - Page 41 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Figure 27: Heavy do not lift manually Figure 28: Correct handling HEAVY do not lift manually Compressor holding charge Each compressor is shipped with a nominal dry nitrogen holding charge between 0.3 and 0.7 bar and is sealed with elastomer plugs.
- Page 42 Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Application Piping assembly Tubing Only use clean and dehydrated refrigeration grade copper tubing. Tube-cutting must be carried out so as not to deform the tubing roundness and to ensure that no foreign debris remains within the tubing. Only refrigerant grade fittings should be used and these must be of both a design and size to allow for a minimum pressure drop through the completed assembly.
- Page 43 For more detailed information on the appropriate materials required for brazing or soldering, please contact the product manufacturer or distributor. For specific applications not covered herein, please contact Danfoss for further information.
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Page 44: Commissioning
Such readings do not indicate a faulty compressor. In testing insulation resistance, Danfoss recommends that the system be first operated briefly to distribute refrigerant throughout the system. Following this brief operation, retest the compressor for insulation resistance or current leakage. -
Page 45: Dismantle And Disposal
The oil level can also be checked a few minutes after the compressor stops. When the compressor is off, the level in the sight glass can be influenced by the presence of refrigerant in the oil. Always use original Danfoss POE oil 160SZ from new cans. -
Page 46: Packaging
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Packaging Packaging Single pack Figure 30: Single pack Length Width Height Gross weight Compressor model [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg] CH290 CH485 Industrial pack Figure 31: Industrial pack Length Width Height Gross weight Compressors per Static stacking pal‐... -
Page 47: Ordering
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Ordering Ordering Scroll compressors can be ordered in either industrial packs or in single packs. Please use the code numbers from below tables for ordering. Single usage Table 15: Model Packaging Connections Mounting feet Motor protection Code no. -
Page 48: Accessories And Spare Parts
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Accessories and Spare parts Accessories and Spare parts Solder sleeve adapter set Table 16: Solder sleeve adapter set Code no. Description Application Packaging Pack size 7765028 Rotolock adaptor set (2"1/4 ~ 1"5/8) , (1"3/4 ~ 1"1/8) -
Page 49: Rotolock Nut
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Accessories and Spare parts Rotolock nut Table 20: Rotolock nut Code no. Description Application Packaging Pack size 8153123 Rotolock nut,1"3/4 Models with 1-3/4" rotolock connection Multipack 7953003 Rotolock nut,1"3/4 Models with 1-3/4" rotolock connection... -
Page 50: Mounting Hardware
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Accessories and Spare parts Table 24: Discharge temperature protection Code no. Description Application Packaging Pack size 7750009 Discharge thermostat kit CH290 & CH485 Multipack 7973008 Discharge thermostat kit CH290 & CH485 Industry pack Mounting hardware Table 25: Mounting hardware Code no. -
Page 51: Miscellaneous
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Accessories and Spare parts Miscellaneous Table 29: Miscellaneous Code no. Description Packaging Pack Size 8156019 Sight glass with gaskets (black & white) Multipack 8156129 Gasket for oil sight glass, 1"1/8 (white teflon) Multipack 7956005 Gasket for oil sight glass, 1"1/8 (white teflon) -
Page 52: Updates
Scroll compressors, CH290 and CH485 | Updates Updates Release date Guideline codification number List of changes Reason for change (Year/Month) 2022/09 AB236986442743en-000501 Layout of document changed 2018/07 AB236986442743en-000401 2017/06 AB236986442743en-000301 © Danfoss | Climate Solutions | 2022.09 AB236986442743en-000501 | 52... -
Page 53: Online Support
Online support Danfoss offers a wide range of support along with our products, including digital product information, software, mobile apps, and expert guidance. See the possibilities below. The Danfoss Product Store The Danfoss Product Store is your one-stop shop for everything product related—no matter where you are in the world or what area of the cooling industry you work in.
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