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● Connect SECONDARY OSC OUT to the LFO RST pin to
create chaotic modulation waveforms.
Kastle takes some common synthesis methods and
implements them with a very lo-fi twist which gives it a very
distinct character full of aliasing artifacts.
SYNTHESIS TYPES
Phase modulation
(OSC OUT, MODE disconnected)
Very similar to linear FM (frequency modulation), phase
modulation is a method pioneered by John Chowning and
later used by Yamaha in their famous DX synths.
Kastle implements only two operator sinewave PM with a
modulation amount. PITCH sets the main oscillator
(carrier), TIMBRE sets the modulating oscillator
(modulator) and WAVESHAPE sets the amount of
modulation.
Phase distortion
(SECONDARY OSC OUT, MODE disconnected)
It was historically first used in 1984 in Casio synths of the
CZ range. It is based on two synced ramp oscillators.
The synced (higher tuned) oscillator is scanning the sine
wave wavetable and is multiplied by the inverse of the lower
tuned oscillator. In practical terms this was supposed to
emulate sweeps of a resonant filter on a sawtooth
waveform.
The implementation in Kastle is an adaptation of this
method with wider ranges on the oscillators and more
formant-vocally character. There is also the third
WAVESHAPE parameter which crossfades from secondary
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