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1.
Construction and Function of Major Components
Hyundai Climate Control Co., Ltd. Gas (oil) Directfired Absorption Chillerheater using pure water
as refrigerant, lithium bromide solution as absorbent, and gas (oil) as energy source.
The chillerheater consists of the main shell with low pressure generator, condenser, absorber and
evaporator, and the separate shell with high pressure generator, and solution pump, refrigeration
pump, solution heat exchangers, airpurging device, etc., and piping and control system.
The construction and function of these major components are explained as follow:
1.1
Evaporator
The evaporator sharing its shell commonly to the absorber contains the special tubes, pan,
eliminator, sprinkling baffle plate, spray nozzles, and other parts in itself, and is designed to
perform heat exchange between refrigerant and chilled water effectively.
Besides a sight glass is provided to check the refrigerant level. The refrigerant (pure water :
hereinafter referred to refrigerant ) pumped up from the refrigerant pump is sprayed over the
surface of the evaporator tubes, takes the heat from the chilled water running in the tubes, which is
used for air conditioning for buildings and for process cooling for factory, and is evaporated.
The pressure in the lower shell comprising the evaporator and absorber is about 6 mmHg abs.,
and the refrigerant evaporates at about 5 ℃. Therefore, when the chilled water enters the
evaporator at 12 ℃ it is cooled down to 7 ℃.
1.2
Absorber
The concentrated solution (concentrated lithium bromide solution : hereinafter referred to
concentrated solution) which is returned from the low temperature heat exchanger is sprayed over
the surface of the absorber tubes and absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator
continuously to become dilute solution (dilute lithium bromide solution : hereinafter referred to
dilute solution) being collected at the bottom of the shell. The absorption heat generated here is
removed outside by the cooling water flowing in the absorber tubes.
1.3
High Pressure Generator
The high Pressure generator has a structure containing the furnace and heat transfer tubes in the
shell and equipped with the burner, which reflects the consideration of efficient and uniform heating
and anticorrosion. A sight glass to check the solution level and control system are provided with it.
The solution diluted by absorbing the refrigerant vapor in the absorber is sent to the low
temperature heat exchanger by the solution pump. About a half of the dilute solution flows into the
high pressure generator through the high temperature heat exchanger and it is heated by burning
gas flowing inside the furnace and on the surface of the tubes. Thus, a part of the refrigerant in the
solution evaporates and the dilute solution is concentrated. While, the burning gas is sent to the
smoke duct passing through the furnace.
1.4
Low Pressure Generator
The shell of the low pressure generator shares commonly to the condenser and tubes are high
efficient for heat transfer. The remaining dilute solution which is separated at the outlet of the low
temperature heat exchanger is sent to the low pressure generator and it is concentrated by the
refrigerant vapor generated in the high pressure generator. The concentrated solution sent from
the low pressure generator mixes with the intermediate concentrated solution returned from the
low pressure generator through the high temperature heat exchanger at the outlet box of the low
pressure generator and passes through the low temperature heat exchanger and is sprayed on the
upper part of the tubes in the absorber. In the low pressure generator is provided an over-flow pipe
with liquid-sealed structure so that the solution can flow into the absorber by the gravity and
differential pressure.
CHAPTER 1 COMPONENT AND FUNCTION
9
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