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Table of Contents
Troubleshooting
Related Manuals for Alpha OutBack Power Radian Series
Summary of Contents for Alpha OutBack Power Radian Series
- Page 1 Radian Series Inverter/Charger GS4048A GS8048A Operator’s Manual...
- Page 2 OutBack Power, the OutBack Power logo, and Grid/Hybrid are trademarks owned and used by OutBack Power Technologies, Inc. The ALPHA logo and the phrase “member of the Alpha Group” are trademarks owned and used by Alpha Technologies Inc. These trademarks may be registered in the United States and other countries.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction ..................7 Audience ........................... 7 Symbols Used ........................... 7 General Safety .......................... 7 Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies ................8 Inverter Functions ........................9 GS8048A ............................10 GS4048A ............................10 Inverter Controls ........................10 MATE3-Class System Display and Controller ..................10 Operation .................. - Page 4 Table of Contents Troubleshooting ................. 45 Basic Troubleshooting ......................45 Module Select ............................. 50 Error Messages ........................51 Warning Messages ......................... 52 Temperature Events ........................... 53 Grid Tie Warnings ................. Disconnect Messages ......................54 Sell Status ..........................55 Specifications ..................57 Electrical Specifications ......................
- Page 5 Table of Contents List of Tables Table 1 Summary of Input Modes ................19 Table 2 Charge Currents for Radian Models ............27 Table 3 Offset Interaction with AC Source ............... 36 Table 4 AUX Mode Functions .................. 42 Table 5 Troubleshooting ...................
- Page 6 Table of Contents THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. 900-0161-01-01 Rev B...
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Page 7: Introduction
Introduction Audience This book provides instructions for the functional settings and operation of this product. These instructions are for use by qualified personnel who meet all local and governmental code requirements for licensing and training for the installation of electrical power systems with AC and DC voltage up to 600 volts. -
Page 8: Welcome To Outback Power Technologies
Introduction Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies Thank you for purchasing the OutBack Radian Series Inverter/Charger. It is designed to offer a complete power conversion system between batteries and AC power. As part of an OutBack Grid/Hybrid™ system, it can provide off-grid power, grid backup power, or grid-interactive service which sells excess renewable energy back to the utility. -
Page 9: Inverter Functions
Introduction Inverter Functions Battery-to-AC inverting which delivers power to run backup loads and other functions Provides split-phase output Adjustable range of output voltage Settable nominal output frequency AC-to-battery charging (OutBack systems are battery-based) Accepts a wide variety of AC sources Requires split-phase input Uses battery energy stored from renewable resources Can utilize stored energy from many sources (PV arrays, wind turbines, etc.) -
Page 10: Gs8048A
Introduction GS8048A 8,000 watts (8 kW) continuous power at 48 Vdc 16.97 kVA peak surge capacity Modular internal design allows low idle consumption, high efficiency at both high and low power operation GS4048A 4,000 watts (4 kW) continuous power at 48 Vdc 8.48 kVA peak surge capacity Inverter Controls The Radian inverter has no external controls or display pre-installed. -
Page 11: Operation
Operation Inverter Functionality The Radian inverter can be used for many applications. Some of the inverter’s operations occur automatically. Others are conditional or must be enabled manually before they will operate. Most of the inverter’s individual operations and functions can be programmed using the system display. -
Page 12: Generator
Operation NOTE: The input terminals are labeled for grid and generator due to common conventions, not because of inverter requirements. Each input can accept any AC source as long as it meets the requirements of the Radian inverter and the selected input mode. If necessary, the G terminals can accept grid power. -
Page 13: Support
Operation Support The Support mode is intended for systems that use the utility grid or a generator. In some cases the amount of current available from the source is limited due to size, wiring, or other reasons. If large loads are required, the Radian inverter augments (supports) the AC source. The inverter uses battery power and additional sources to ensure that the loads receive the power they demand. -
Page 14: Grid Tied
Operation Grid Tied IMPORTANT: Selling power to the utility company requires the authorization of the local electric jurisdiction. How the utility company accommodates this will depend on their policies on the issue. Some may pay for power sold; others may issue credit. Some policies may prohibit the use of this mode altogether. -
Page 15: Grid Interface Protection Menu
Operation Grid Interface Protection Menu Grid-interactive requirements vary in different locations around the world. The grid-interactive settings are adjustable in the Grid Interface Protection and Grid Support menus. These menus are only available with installer-level access. These settings are generally controlled by the local authorities or interconnection agreement and should not be altered by the end user. -
Page 16: Ups
Operation Failure In UPS mode, the Radian’s parameters have been optimized to reduce the response time. If the utility grid becomes unstable or is interrupted, the Radian can transfer to inverting with the fastest possible response time. This allows the system to support sensitive AC loads without interruption. - Page 17 Operation If the inverter is connected to the utility grid and the charger is turned off, another source such as renewable energy should be present to charge the batteries. The inverter will observe the batteries as if it was charging. When the batteries reach the required voltage and time to end the cycle, the inverter will disconnect from the grid.
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Page 18: Gridzero
Operation GridZero In GridZero mode, the Radian inverter remains grid-connected, but prioritizes the use of battery or renewable sources to run loads. It uses only renewable energy to recharge the batteries. The inverter tries to “zero” the grid use, drawing on AC power only when needed to supplement stored DC sources. -
Page 19: Table 1 Summary Of Input Modes
Operation Table 1 Summary of Input Modes Mode Summary Benefits Cautions Intended Charger Accepts power Can use AC that may be Will pass irregular or Source: Performs three-stage from an unusable in other modes low-quality power to the Generator charge and goes irregular or output;... - Page 20 Operation NOTES: 900-0161-01-01 Rev B...
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Page 21: Description Of Inverter Operations
Operation Description of Inverter Operations The items in this section are operations common to all Radian inverters. These are used in most or all of the input modes described in the preceding section. Some of the items in this section are functions which can be manually selected, enabled, or customized. -
Page 22: Ac Frequency
Operation The following items will affect the inverter’s operation. These are only used when the inverter is generating AC power on its own. Low Battery Cut-Out: This function prevents the inverter from draining the batteries completely. When the DC voltage drops below a specified level for 5 minutes, the inverter will stop functioning. The system display will give a Low Battery V error. -
Page 23: Search
Operation Search An automated search circuit is available to minimize the power draw when no loads are present. When enabled, the inverter does not always deliver full output. The output is reduced to brief pulses with a delay between them. These pulses are sent down the output lines to see if a resistance is present. -
Page 24: Input
Operation Input When the Radian inverter input terminals are connected to a stable AC source, the inverter will synchronize itself with that source and use it as the primary source of AC power. Its transfer relay will engage, linking the AC source directly with the inverter’s output. It can also use the source to charge batteries. -
Page 25: Ac Source Acceptance
Operation AC Source Acceptance The input source must meet the following specifications to be accepted. This is true in all modes except Grid Tied: Voltage (G input): 108 to 132 Vac (default for both L1 and L2) Voltage (G input): 108 to 140 Vac (default for both L1 and L2) Frequency (both inputs): If the output frequency is set to 60 Hz (default), the input acceptance range is 54 to 66 Hz. -
Page 26: Generator Input
Operation Generator Input A generator should be sized to provide enough power for all inverters, both for loads and for battery charging. The generator’s voltage and frequency must match the Radian inverter’s acceptance settings. Some generators may not be able to maintain AC voltage or frequency for long periods of time if they are loaded more than 80% of rated capacity. -
Page 27: Battery Charging
Operation Battery Charging IMPORTANT: Battery charger settings need to be correct for a given battery type. Always follow battery manufacturer recommendations. Making incorrect settings, or leaving them at factory default settings, may cause the batteries to be undercharged or overcharged. Charge Current Batteries or battery banks usually have a recommended limit on the maximum current used for charging. -
Page 28: Charge Cycle
Operation Limiting Charge Current (Multiple Inverters) It is not advisable to set Charger AC Limit less than 12 Aac in a stacked system. The Power Save function requires the master inverter to activates the slave chargers in sequence only when the charge current exceeds 11 Aac. If the setting is less than 12, Power Save will not activate any other chargers. -
Page 29: Advanced Battery Charging (Abc)
Operation Advanced Battery Technologies Advanced battery technologies such as lithium-ion and sodium-sulfur may require very different settings from the inverter’s defaults or the three-stage cycle in general. The Charging Steps section describes the individual selections and behavior. All charger settings are adjustable for different priorities. - Page 30 Operation Time limit: Absorb Time setting. The charger does not necessarily run through its full duration if it retained time from a previous cycle. The timer counts down from the inception of Absorption stage until it reaches zero. The time remaining can be viewed in the system display. The Absorption timer does not reset to its maximum amount, or to zero, when AC power is disconnected or reconnected.
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Page 31: New Charging Cycle
Operation Time limit: Float Time setting. The charger will go Silent once the timer has expired (if another stage is not still in progress.) The Float timer is reset to its maximum amount whenever the batteries decrease to the Re-Float Voltage setting. NOTE : The Float timer begins running any time the battery voltage exceeds the Float Voltage set point. - Page 32 Operation Voltage Cycle 1 Cycle 2 AC Loss Refloat Absorption Silent Refloat Float Float Silent Absorption Set Point Float Set Point Re-Float Set Point Absorption Float timer Float timer runs Float timer runs timer runs Time resets (part) Inverter now charging to a new Inverter completed charging;...
- Page 33 Operation Cycle 3 Cycle 5 Cycle 4 AC Loss AC Loss AC Loss Bulk Abs. Bulk Absorption Silent Bulk Absorption Silent Absorption Set Point Float Set Point Re-Bulk Set Point Absorption Absorption Absorption Absorption Absorption timer resets timer runs timer runs timer timer runs (part)
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Page 34: Equalization
Operation Equalization Equalization is a controlled overcharge that is part of regular battery maintenance. Equalization brings the batteries to a much higher voltage than usual and maintains this high voltage for a period of time. This has the result of removing inert lead sulfate compounds from the battery plates. - Page 35 Operation If installed in a system networked with a HUB Communications Manager, only a single RTS is necessary. In most cases the RTS must be plugged into the master inverter. A system display must be present for the compensation values to be shared to all devices. NOTE : In the FLEXmax 100 or FLEXmax Extreme charge controller, the rate of compensation is adjustable.
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Page 36: Offset
Operation Offset Offset is an automatic operation which occurs in certain conditions. It is not a programmable inverter function. This operation uses excess battery energy to power the loads when an AC source is present. The system can take advantage of renewable energy sources, “offsetting” dependence on the AC source. -
Page 37: Grid Support
Operation Grid Support The Radian meets the definition of a “Grid Support Utility-Interactive Inverter/Converter” as described by UL 1741 SA. Grid support functionality makes use of the inverter’s capabilities to prevent destabilization of the utility grid. Grid Support functionality is only available in the Grid Tied and GridZero input modes. When either mode is selected, the settings within the Grid Support menus are active. -
Page 38: Figure 6 Grid Support Function Screen
Operation The settings for each item will vary depending on the standards being applied. Not all functions are enabled. When a particular standard is applied, the settings will be pre-loaded accordingly. The screen in Figure 6 shows which functions are enabled. Figure 6 Grid Support Function Screen When Grid Support functions require the inverter to export power to help sustain grid voltage or... -
Page 39: Auxiliary Terminals
Operation Auxiliary Terminals The Radian inverter has two sets of terminals that respond to different criteria to control certain operations. The 12V A terminals provide a 12 Vdc output that can deliver up to 0.7 Adc to control external loads. The R terminals are “dry”... - Page 40 Operation Gen Alert is used as a controller for an AC generator with a remote start feature, although it has limited functionality. (The generator recharges batteries using the inverter’s battery charger.) Either set of A terminals may be used to start the generator by closing the appropriate circuit. The specific choice of R or 12V A may depend on the generator’s starting circuitry.
- Page 41 Operation allows current to flow from the batteries to a dedicated DC load. (This is illustrated in the Radian Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual.) The resistor or load must be sized to dissipate all of the energy from the renewable source if necessary. Diversion will turn off following a delay when a low DC voltage setting is reached.
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Page 42: Table 4 Aux Mode Functions
Operation Table 4 AUX Mode Functions Triggers Name Purpose Settable Points Start Stop Load Operates designated High Vdc Low Vdc Low & high Vdc Shed loads normally; turns off High temp On & Off delay loads in severe conditions Low output Vac High input Aac Starts generator to Low Vdc... -
Page 43: Metering
Metering MATE3-Class System Display Screens A MATE3-class system display can monitor the inverter and other networked devices. From the Home screen, the < Inverter > “soft” key accesses the inverter monitoring screens. Inverter Soft Key Figure 7 Home Screen Inverter Screens The Inverter soft key opens a series of screens showing the inverter operating mode, battery voltage, and status of several AC operations. -
Page 44: Battery Screen
Metering Charge displays the kilowatts and AC amperage consumed for the inverter to charge the battery bank. This line also shows the present charging stage. Load displays kilowatts and AC amperage consumed by devices on the inverter’s output. It can be the same as Invert. -
Page 45: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Basic Troubleshooting Table 5 is organized in order of common symptoms, with a series of possible causes. Each shows possible troubleshooting remedies, including system display checks where appropriate. Metal pads are located at these locations. In troubleshooting, AC voltages can be measured at this series of test points. - Page 46 Troubleshooting Table 5 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy One or more units Unit is slave and is in Silent System display only: Check Power Save Levels in the have no output but mode. Inverter Stacking menu and test with loads. Determine if the others do (in multi- inverter comes on at the appropriate levels.
- Page 47 Troubleshooting Table 5 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Charge complete or nearly Check the DC voltage and charging stage using the system complete. display, if present. Confirm with DC voltmeter. System display DC meter Check the DC voltage on the inverter’s DC terminals. If reads significantly higher than different from the system display reading, the inverter could actual battery voltage.
- Page 48 Troubleshooting Table 5 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Test L1 O , L2 O , and N O test points with AC Unusual voltage System neutral and ground on hot or neutral may not be bonded. voltmeter. (See page 45.) These measurements should give output line.
- Page 49 Troubleshooting Table 5 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy Internal transfer relay may be Disconnect AC input wires and turn inverter on. Test the AC Unit reads AC damaged. May be input and neutral test points with an AC voltmeter. (See page input, even though accompanied by AC Relay 45.) If voltage appears there, the transfer relay may be...
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Page 50: Module Select
Troubleshooting Table 5 Troubleshooting Symptom Possible Cause Possible Remedy System display only: AGS Check both inputs for a second AC source (utility grid). If the function does not work if inverter detects an acceptable AC source, it will not allow Advanced AGS. -
Page 51: Error Messages
Troubleshooting Error Messages An error is caused by a critical fault. In most cases when this occurs, the unit will shut down. A MATE3-class system display will show an event and a specific error message. This screen is viewed using the Home screen’s soft keys. (See the system display literature for more instructions.) One or more messages will display Y (yes). -
Page 52: Warning Messages
Troubleshooting Warning Messages A warning message is caused by a non-critical fault. When this occurs, the unit will not shut down, but a MATE3-class system display will show an event and a specific warning message. This screen is viewed using the Home screen’s soft keys. (See the system display literature for more instructions.) One or more messages will display Y (yes). -
Page 53: Temperature Events
Troubleshooting Table 7 Warning Troubleshooting Message Definition Possible Remedy Fan Failure The inverter’s internal cooling fan is not Turn the battery disconnect off, and then on, to operating properly. Lack of cooling may determine if the fan self-tests. If it does not, result in derated inverter output wattage. -
Page 54: Disconnect Messages
Troubleshooting Disconnect Messages Disconnect messages explain why the inverter has disconnected from an AC source after previously being connected. The unit returns to inverting mode if turned on. The Last AC Disconnect screen is viewed using the AC INPUT hot key on a MATE3-class system display. One or more messages will display Y (yes). -
Page 55: Sell Status
Troubleshooting Sell Status Sell Status messages describe conditions relating to the inverter’s grid-interactive mode. This screen is viewed using the Home screen’s soft keys on a MATE3-class system display. (See the system display literature for more instructions.) One or more messages will display Y (yes). If a message says N (no), it is not the cause of the disconnection. - Page 56 Troubleshooting NOTES: 900-0161-01-01 Rev B...
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Page 57: Specifications
Specifications Electrical Specifications NOTE : Items qualified with “default” can be manually changed using the system display. Table 12 Electrical Specifications for Radian Models Specification GS8048A GS4048A Continuous Output Power at 25°C 8000 VA 4000 VA Continuous AC Output Current at 25°C 33.3 Aac 16.7 Aac AC Output Voltage (default) -
Page 58: Mechanical Specifications
Specifications Table 12 Electrical Specifications for Radian Models Specification GS8048A GS4048A DC Maximum Input Voltage 68 Vdc 68 Vdc DC Input Power (continuous) 9.5 kVA 4.8 kVA DC Input Max. Current (continuous full power) 200 Adc 100 Adc DC Input Maximum Current (surge) 424.2 Adc 212.1 Adc DC Input Maximum Current (short-circuit) -
Page 59: Environmental Specifications
Specifications Environmental Specifications Table 14 Environmental Specifications for Radian Models Specification Value Rated Temperature Range (meets component specifications; however, –4°F to 122°F (–20°C to 50°C) please note that the inverter output wattage is derated above 25°C) Operational Temperature Range (functions, but not rated for operation; –40°F to 140°F (–40°C to 60°C) does not necessarily meet all component specifications) Storage Temperature Range... -
Page 60: Regulatory Specifications
Specifications Regulatory Specifications Listings This product carries a listing report by ETL. It is listed to the following standards: UL 1741 — Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for Use With Distributed Energy Resources (2nd Edition, 1/28/2010 with supplement SA) CSA C22.2 —... -
Page 61: Limiting Charge Current (Multiple Inverters)
Specifications Limiting Charge Current (Multiple Inverters) It is not advisable to set Charger AC Limit less than 12 Aac in a stacked system. The Power Save function requires the master to activates the slave chargers in sequence only when the charge current exceeds 11 Aac. -
Page 62: Table 15 Chargers On And Current Settings
Specifications To calculate the chargers and settings: Table 15 Chargers On and Current Settings Look up the values for A, B, and C. A = the battery bank’s maximum charge current GS4048A GS8048A (in Adc) from the battery manufacturer. Charge Aac On Set Aac On Set B = the maximum DC output of the appropriate inverter model. -
Page 63: Firmware Revision
Specifications Firmware Revision This manual applies to inverter models GS8048A and GS4048A with Revision 001.006. or higher. Updates to the Radian’s firmware are periodically available. These can be downloaded from the OutBack website www.outbackpower.com . The MATE3s system display must be used when upgrading the inverter to firmware revision 001.006.063 or higher. - Page 64 Specifications Table 17 Radian Menu Items Field Item Default Minimum Maximum Generator, Support, Grid Tied, UPS, Input Mode Generator Backup, Mini Grid, GridZero Lower 108 Vac 85 Vac 110 Vac Voltage Limit Upper 140Vac 125 Vac 140 Vac Transfer Delay 1.0 second 0.12 seconds 4.0 seconds...
- Page 65 Specifications Table 17 Radian Menu Items Field Item Default Minimum Maximum 44.0 Vdc 40.0 Vdc 56.0 Vdc (Gen Alert) ON: Batt < 0.5 minutes 0.1 minutes 25.0 minutes (Gen Alert ON) Delay 56.0 Vdc 40.0 Vdc 72.0 Vdc (Gen Alert) OFF: Batt > 0.5 minutes 0.1 minutes 25.0 minutes...
- Page 66 Specifications Table 17 Radian Menu Items Field Item Default Minimum Maximum Freq. 60.5 Hz 60.1 Hz 66.0 Hz Mode Cont. Cont., Mand., Perm., Mom., Cease Trip 0.16 seconds 0.12 seconds 1000 seconds Freq. 60.5 Hz 60.1 Hz 66 Hz Mode Cont.
- Page 67 Specifications NOTES: 900-0161-01-01 Rev B...
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Page 68: Definitions
Specifications Definitions The following is a list of initials, terms, and definitions used in conjunction with this product. Table 18 Terms and Definitions Term Definition 12V A Auxiliary connection that supplies 12 Vdc to control external devices. Ampere Interrupting Capacity; the rated current a circuit breaker can interrupt without damage Advanced Generator Start Communications Multi-port device such as the OutBack HUB10.3, used for connecting multiple OutBack devices... -
Page 69: Index
Index Float ............. 30 Multiple Inverters ........27, 61 New Bulk ............. 32 12V AUX ............39 None ............29 Re-Bulk ..........31, 33 Refloat ............30 Re-Float ............32 Silent ............30 Absorption Stage ..........29 Steps............29, 31 AC Input ............ - Page 70 Index Mini Grid ............16 Summary Table ........... 19 Support ............13 GenAlert ............40 UPS ............. 16 Generator Module ............21, 50 Acceptance ..........12, 25 Sizing ............26 Starting ..........40, 49, 50 Generator Mode ..........12 Note Symbol ............7 GIP File ............
- Page 71 Index Temperature ..........53, 59 UL 1741............9, 60 Temperature Compensation ......34 Updating Firmware ........... 63 Terms and Definitions ........68 UPS Mode ............16 Test Points ............45 Utility Grid ............68 Timers Absorption ............ 29 Equalize ............34 Float .............
- Page 72 Masters of the Off-Grid.™ First Choice for the New Grid. Corporate Headquarters European Office 17825 – 59 Avenue N.E. Hansastrasse 8 Suite B D-91126 Arlington, WA 98223 USA Schwabach, Germany +1.360.435.6030 +49.9122.79889.0 900-0161-01-01 Rev B...