Texas Instruments LDC3114 Manual

Texas Instruments LDC3114 Manual

4-channel hybrid inductive touch and inductance to digital converter

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LDC3114 4-Channel Hybrid Inductive Touch and Inductance to Digital Converter

1 Features

Multiple modes of operation:
– Raw data mode: access pre-processed
inductance measurement data to enable
advanced algorithms on MCU for linear sensing
– Button mode: button press detection with
baseline tracking and advanced on-chip post
processing
– Force level measurement of touch buttons
Pin and register compatible to
Robust EMI performance allows for CISPR 22 and
CISPR 24 compliance
Four independent channel operation
Configurable scan rates:
– 0.625 SPS to 160 SPS
– Continuous scanning option
Advanced button press detection algorithms:
– Adjustable force threshold per button
– Environmental shift compensation
– Simultaneous button press detection
Low current consumption:
– One button: 6 µA at 0.625 SPS
– Two buttons: 72 µA at 20 SPS
Temperature range
– TSSOP (16) : –40°C to +125°C
Interface:
– 1.8-V and 3.3-V compliant I
– 1.8-V logic output per channel for buttons
2 Applications
Consumer Electronics:
– Wearables
– Smart Speakers
– Sound Bars
Industrial Applications:
– HMI Panels and Keypads
– Home Appliances
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
3 Description
The LDC3114 is an inductive sensing device that
enables touch button design for human machine
interface (HMI) on a wide variety of materials by
measuring small deflections of conductive targets
using a coil that can be implemented on a small
printed circuit board (PCB) located behind the panel.
This technology can be used for precise linear
position sensing of metal targets for automotive,
consumer and industrial applications by allowing
LDC2114
access to the raw data representing the inductance
value. Inductive sensing solution is insensitive to
humidity or non-conductive contaminants such as oil
and dirt.
The button mode of LDC3114 is able to automatically
correct for any deformation in the conductive targets.
The LDC3114 offers well-matched channels, which
allow for differential and ratiometric measurements
which enable compensation of environmental and
aging conditions such as temperature and mechanical
drift. The LDC3114 includes an ultra-low power mode
intended for power on/off buttons or position sensors
in battery powered applications.
The LDC3114 is easily configured through an I
interface. The LDC3114 is available in a 16-pin
TSSOP package.
2
C and INTB
LDC3114
(1)
Device Information
PART NUMBER
PACKAGE
TSSOP (16)
For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
IN0
IN1
Inductive
Resonant
Sensing Core
Circuit
IN2
Driver
IN3
COM
Raw Data
& Config
LDC3114 Simplified Schematic
LDC3114
SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021
2
C
(1)
BODY SIZE (NOM)
5.00 mm × 4.40 mm
VDD
OUT0
Digital
OUT1
Button Press
3.3 V
OUT2
Algorithm
OUT3
INTB
LP Mode &
Data
Processing
LPWRB
SCL
2
I
C
SDA
GND

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Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments LDC3114

  • Page 1: Features

    LDC3114 SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021 LDC3114 4-Channel Hybrid Inductive Touch and Inductance to Digital Converter 1 Features 3 Description • Multiple modes of operation: The LDC3114 is an inductive sensing device that enables touch button design for human machine – Raw data mode: access pre-processed...
  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    11.6 Glossary..............7.1 Overview..............12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable 7.2 Functional Block Diagram........... Information..............7.3 Feature Description.............9 4 Revision History DATE VERSION NOTES December 2021 Initial release. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 3: Description

    SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021 5 Pin Configuration and Functions OUT0 LPWRB OUT1 INTB OUT2 OUT3 Figure 5-1. LDC3114 PW Package 16-Pin TSSOP Top View Table 5-1. Pin Functions DESCRIPTION NAME Power supply Ground Interrupt output INTB Polarity can be configured in Register 0x11.
  • Page 4: Absolute Maximum Ratings

    6.5 Electrical Characteristics Over operating temperature range unless otherwise noted. Over operating V range unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT POWER Supply voltage 1.71 1.89 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 5: Digital Interface

    SENSOR C communication and pull-up resistors current is not included. The italic n is the channel index, n = 0, 1, 2, or 3 for LDC3114. For optimal performance, configure the sensor frequency to be greater than 3 MHz For typical distribution of the scan rates, refer to Figure 6-9.
  • Page 6: I 2 C Interface

    This parameter is specified by design and/or characterization and is not tested in production. 6.8 Timing Diagram HD;STA HD;STA SU;STA SU;STO HIGH SU;DAT HD;DAT STOP START START REPEATED START Figure 6-1. I C Timing Diagram Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 7: Typical Characteristics

    Figure 6-6. Supply Current vs. V . Sensor R = 720 Ω, Scan Figure 6-7. Standby Current vs. Temperature Rate = 40 SPS, Sensor Frequency = 20 MHz. Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 8 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 Percentage Offset ( ) D007 Figure 6-9. Scan Rate Distribution at 30°C Figure 6-8. Standby Current vs V Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 9: Detailed Description

    The LDC3114 can operate in an ultra-low power mode for optimal battery life, or can be toggled into a higher scan rate for more responsive button press detection for game play or other low latency applications. The LDC3114 is operational from –40°C to +125°C with a 1.8 V ±...
  • Page 10 (n = 0, 1, 2, or 3) bit fields in Register EN (Address 0x0C). The low-power-enable bit LPENn only takes effect if the corresponding ENn bit is also set. If only one channel is set active, the LDC3114 periodically samples the single active channel at the configured scan rate.
  • Page 11 Table. 7.3.6 Baseline Tracking The LDC3114 incorporates a baseline tracking algorithm to automatically compensate for any slow change in the sensor output caused by environmental variations, such as temperature drift. The baseline tracking is configured independently for Normal Power Mode and Low Power Mode. For more information, refer to Tracking Baseline.
  • Page 12 C interface pin, the SDA, the SCL, and the INTB pins are all open-drain and 3.3-V compatible. These pins can be used to connect to an MCU which is supplied by 3.3-V supply without requiring voltage level translation between LDC3114 and the MCU. 7.3.8.1 I...
  • Page 13 Master Master Master Frame 3 Frame 4 Serial Bus Address Byte Data Byte from Slave from Master Figure 7-6. I C Sequence of Reading a Single Register Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 14: Device Functional

    The LDC3114 has built-in monitors to check that the device is currently working. In the unlikely event of a device fault, the device state will be reset internally, and all the registers will be reset with default settings. For system robustness, TI recommends to check the value of a modified register periodically to monitor the device status and reload the register settings, if needed.
  • Page 15: Register Maps

    7.5 Register Maps 7.5.1 LDC3114 Registers LDC3114 Registers lists the memory-mapped registers for the LDC3114 registers. All register offset addresses not listed in LDC3114 Registers should be considered as reserved locations and the register contents should not be modified.
  • Page 16 LDC3114 www.ti.com SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021 Table 7-1. LDC3114 Registers (continued) Offset Acronym Register Name Section GAIN1 Gain for Channel 1 sensitivity adjustment for Section 7.5.1.16 button algorithm INTPOL Interrupt polarity Section 7.5.1.17 GAIN2 Gain for Channel 2 sensitivity adjustment for Section 7.5.1.18...
  • Page 17 LDC3114 www.ti.com SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021 Table 7-2. LDC3114 Access Type Codes Access Type Code Description Read Type Read Write Type Write Reset or Default Value Value after reset or the default value 7.5.1.1 STATUS Register (Offset = 0h) [Reset = 40h]...
  • Page 18 7.5.1.4 DATA0_MSB Register (Offset = 3h) [Reset = 00h] DATA0_MSB is shown in DATA0_MSB Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. The upper 4 bits of the Button 0 data (Two's complement) Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 19 The upper 4 bits of the Button 2 data (Two's complement) Table 7-10. DATA2_MSB Register Field Descriptions Field Type Reset Description RESERVED Reserved DATA2[11:8] The upper 4 bits of Channel 2 button data (Two's complement). Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 20 7.5.1.12 EN Register (Offset = Ch) [Reset = 1Fh] EN is shown in EN Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. Enable channels and low power modes Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 21 This bit has no effect if the chip is in Low Power mode. This bit will override the setting in NPSR and NPFSR registers. Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links:...
  • Page 22 Table 7-18. GAIN1 Register Field Descriptions Field Type Reset Description RESERVED Reserved GAIN1 Gain for Button Data for Channel 1 Refer to the Gain Table for detailed configuration. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 23 Gain for Button Data for Channel 2 Refer to the Gain Table for detailed configuration. 7.5.1.19 LP_BASE_INC Register (Offset = 13h) [Reset = 05h] LP_BASE_INC is shown in LP_BASE_INC Register Field Descriptions. Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 24 OUT3 is asserted. Refer to Tracking Baseline section for more information. 0h = Normal baseline tracking for Channel 1 regardless of OUT3 status. 1h = Pauses baseline tracking for Channel 1 when OUT3 is asserted. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 25 LC_DIVIDER is shown in LC_DIVIDER Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. LC oscillation frequency divider Table 7-25. LC_DIVIDER Register Field Descriptions Field Type Reset Description RESERVED Reserved Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 26 Refer to Eliminating Common-Mode Change (Anti-Common) section for more information. 0h = Exclude Channel 3 from the anti-common group. 1h = Include Channel 3 in the anti-common group. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 27 Button Output Polarity for OUT2 Pin 0h = Active low (Default) 1h = Active high OPOL1 Button Output Polarity for OUT1 Pin 0h = Active low (Default) 1h = Active high Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 28 Refer to Scaling Frequency Counter Output section for more information. 0h = CNTSC1 is 0 1h = CNTSC1 is 1 2h = CNTSC1 is 2 3h = CNTSC1 is 3 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 29 Refer to Designing Sensor Parameterssection for more information. 0h = 1 MHz to 3.3 MHz 1h = 3.3 MHz to 10 MHz 2h = 10 MHz to 30 MHz 3h = Reserved Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 30 2h = FTF0 is 2 3h = FTF0 is 3 RESERVED Reserved 7.5.1.33 SENSOR3_CONFIG Register (Offset = 26h) [Reset = 04h] SENSOR3_CONFIG is shown in SENSOR3_CONFIG Register Field Descriptions. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 31 7.5.1.35 FTF3 Register (Offset = 2Bh) [Reset = 01h] FTF3 is shown in FTF3 Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. Sensor 3 fast tracking factor for button algorithm Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 32 7.5.1.39 RAW_DATA1_3 Register (Offset = 5Ch) [Reset = 00h] RAW_DATA1_3 is shown in RAW_DATA1_3 Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. Sensor 1 pre-processed raw data Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 33 Sensor 2 pre-processed raw data 7.5.1.44 RAW_DATA2_1 Register (Offset = 61h) [Reset = 00h] RAW_DATA2_1 is shown in RAW_DATA2_1 Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 34 Table 7-50. MANUFACTURER_ID_LSB Register Field Descriptions Field Type Reset Description MANUFACTURER_ID_[7: Manufacturer ID [7:0] 7.5.1.49 MANUFACTURER_ID_MSB Register (Offset = FDh) [Reset = 54h] MANUFACTURER_ID_MSB is shown in MANUFACTURER_ID_MSB Register Field Descriptions. Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 35 DEVICE_ID_MSB Register Field Descriptions. Return to the LDC3114 Registers. Device ID upper byte Table 7-53. DEVICE_ID_MSB Register Field Descriptions Field Type Reset Description DEVICE_ID_[15:8] Device ID [15:8] Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 36 NORMALIZED GAIN FACTOR 1.0625 1.1875 1.3125 1.4375 1.5625 1.6875 1.8125 2.125 2.375 2.625 2.875 3.125 3.375 3.625 4.25 4.75 5.25 5.75 6.25 6.75 7.25 10.5 11.5 12.5 13.5 14.5 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 37: Application And Implementation

    8.1 Application Information The LDC3114 supports multiple buttons. Each button can be configured in various ways for optimal operation. 8.1.1 Theory of Operation An AC current flowing through an inductor will generate an AC magnetic field. If a conductive material, such as a metal object, is in close proximity to the inductor, the magnetic field will induce circulating eddy currents on the surface of the conductor.
  • Page 38 D010 Figure 8-2. Sensor Inductance and Frequency vs. Target Distance. Sensor Diameter = 14 mm The output DATAn registers (Addresses 0x02 through 0x09) of the LDC3114 contain the processed values of the changes in sensor frequencies. 8.1.2 Designing Sensor Parameters...
  • Page 39 8.1.4 Defining Power-On Timing The low power architecture of the LDC3114 makes it possible for the device to be active all the time. When not being used, the LDC3114 can operate in Low Power Mode with a single standby power button, which typically consumes less than 10 µA.
  • Page 40 8.1.5 Configuring Button or Raw Data Scan Rate The LDC3114 periodically samples all active channels at the selected scan rate. The device can operate at eight different scan rates to meet various power consumption requirements, where a lower scan rate achieves lower power consumption.
  • Page 41 Scan Rate: set by NPSR, LPSR, and LPWRB pin Figure 8-6. Configurable Scan Rate and Sampling Window The LDC3114 is designed to work with LC resonator sensors with oscillation frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 30 MHz. Equation 7 calculates the exact definition of the sampling window.
  • Page 42 32. The nominal button triggering threshold is 128. With hysteresis, the effective on-threshold is 128 + 32 = 160. This means if the DATAn (n = 0, 1, 2, or 3) reaches 160, the LDC3114 considers that as a button press.
  • Page 43 Figure 8-8. Button Triggering Threshold with Hysteresis. Output Polarity: Active High 8.1.9 Tracking Baseline The LDC3114 automatically tracks slow changes in the baseline signal and compensates for environmental drifts and variations. The baseline tracking is only applicable for the button algorithm mode and not for raw data access mode.
  • Page 44 When the continuous sampling rate using NPCS bit is set, the baseline tracking increment is a fixed value. 8.1.10 Mitigating False Button Detections The LDC3114 offers several algorithms that can mitigate false button detections due to mechanical non-idealities associated with groups of buttons. These are listed below. 8.1.10.1 Eliminating Common-Mode Change (Anti-Common) This algorithm eliminates false detection when a user presses the middle of two or more buttons, which could lead to a common-mode response on multiple buttons.
  • Page 45 (High = Button Button 1 Press Detected) Time Button 0 OUTPUT with Max-Win (High = Button Button 1 Press Detected) Time Figure 8-11. Illustration of the Max-Win Feature Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 46 8.1.11 Reporting Interrupts for Button Presses, Raw Data Ready and Error Conditions INTB, the LDC3114 interrupt pin, is asserted when a button press or an error condition occurs. The default polarity is active low and can be configured through Register INTPOL (Address 0x11).
  • Page 47 Figure 8-13. Timing Diagram of a Single Button Press Figure 8-14 shows the LDC3114 response to multiple button presses. In this example, after Button 0 is pressed, the OUT0 pin is asserted. After that, Button 1 is also pressed, following which Button 0 is released. The OUT0 pin is de-asserted and OUT1 pin asserted at the end of the next button sampling window.
  • Page 48: Typical Application

    MHz SENSORn • n is the channel index, that is, n = 0, 1, 2, or 3 for LDC3114 The LDC3114 is only actively sampling the enabled channels during a fraction of the scan window. Equation 16 determines the average supply current: §...
  • Page 49 Electrical Characteristics table. 8.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure The LDC3114 is a multichannel device. The italic n in the parameters below refers to the channel index: 1. Select system-based options: • Select Normal or Low Power Mode of operation by setting the LPWRB pin to V or ground, respectively.
  • Page 50 Channel 1. Each button press response is greater than the threshold. Channel 0 Channel 1 Threshold Time (s) D009 Figure 8-16. Conversion DATA vs Time for Channels 0 and 1 Submit Document Feedback Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 51: Power Supply Recommendations

    9 Power Supply Recommendations The LDC3114 power supply should be bypassed with a 1-µF and a 0.1-µF pair of capacitors in parallel to ground. The capacitors should be placed as close to the LDC as possible. The smaller value 0.1-µF capacitor should be placed closer to the VDD pin than the 1-µF capacitor.
  • Page 52: Glossary

    All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 11.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
  • Page 53 LDC3114 www.ti.com SNOSDD0 – DECEMBER 2021 Copyright © 2021 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback Product Folder Links: LDC3114...
  • Page 54 TI products. TI’s provision of these resources does not expand or otherwise alter TI’s applicable warranties or warranty disclaimers for TI products. TI objects to and rejects any additional or different terms you may have proposed. IMPORTANT NOTICE Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2021, Texas Instruments Incorporated...
  • Page 55 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Texas Instruments LDC3114QPWR...

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