R&S ZND Getting Started
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R&S ZND Getting Started

Vector network analyzers
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R&S
ZND
Vector Network Analyzers
Getting Started
(=@H72)
1316240702
Version 61

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  • Page 1 ® R&S Vector Network Analyzers Getting Started (=@H72) 1316240702 Version 61...
  • Page 2 ® This manual describes the R&S ZND (2 ports, 9 kHz to 4.5 GHz, unidirectional, N connectors), order no. 1328.5170K92 and its options. Hardware Options ● ® R&S ZND-B7 "High Output Power", order no. 1338.1578.02 ● ® R&S ZND-B10 "GPIB Interface", order no. 1328.5358.02 ●...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    ® Contents R&S Contents 1 Safety and regulatory information............7 Safety instructions......................7 Warning messages in the documentation..............9 Korea certification class A..................10 2 Documentation overview..............11 Getting started manual....................11 User manual and help....................11 Service manual......................11 Instrument security procedures................12 Printed safety instructions..................12 Data sheets and brochures..................
  • Page 4 ® Contents R&S 3.11.5 Connecting a LAN cable....................23 4 Instrument tour..................24 Front panel........................24 4.1.1 Touchscreen........................24 4.1.2 Function keys........................ 25 4.1.3 Data entry keys......................26 4.1.4 Rotary knob........................27 4.1.5 Navigation keys......................27 4.1.6 Standby key........................28 4.1.7 Front panel connectors....................28 Rear panel........................29 5 Operating the instrument..............
  • Page 5 ® Contents R&S 5.6.1 Using the graphical zoom....................50 5.6.2 Setting the sweep range....................52 5.6.3 Reference value and position..................53 5.6.4 Auto scale........................53 5.6.5 Circular diagrams......................54 5.6.6 Set by marker........................54 5.6.7 Enlarging a diagram...................... 55 6 Performing measurements..............56 Transmission S-parameter measurement..............56 6.1.1 Connecting the instrument for transmission measurements.........
  • Page 6 ® Contents R&S Getting Started 1316.2407.02 ─ 61...

  • Page 7: Safety And Regulatory Information

    ® Safety and regulatory information R&S Safety instructions 1 Safety and regulatory information The product documentation helps you use the product safely and efficiently. Follow the instructions provided here and in the following chapters. Intended use The product is intended for the development, production and verification of electronic components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environments.
  • Page 8 ® Safety and regulatory information R&S Safety instructions Choosing the operating site Only use the product indoors. The product casing is not waterproof. Water that enters can electrically connect the casing with live parts, which can lead to electric shock, serious personal injury or death if you touch the casing.

  • Page 9: Warning Messages In The Documentation

    ® Safety and regulatory information R&S Warning messages in the documentation ● Only connect the product to a power source with a fuse protection of maximum 20 A. ● Ensure that you can disconnect the product from the power source at any time. Pull the power plug to disconnect the product.

  • Page 10: Korea Certification Class A

    ® Safety and regulatory information R&S Korea certification class A 1.3 Korea certification class A 이 기기는 업무용(A급) 전자파 적합기기로서 판매자 또는 사용자는 이 점을 주의하시기 바라며, 가정외의 지역에서 사용하는 것을 목적으로 합니다. Getting Started 1316.2407.02 ─ 61...

  • Page 11: Documentation Overview

    Includes the contents of the getting started manual. The contents of the user manual are available as help in the R&S ZND. The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the instrument and its firmware.

  • Page 12: Instrument Security Procedures

    R&S Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc. 2.4 Instrument security procedures Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZND in secure areas. It is avail- able for download on the Internet. 2.5 Printed safety instructions Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is delivered with the product.

  • Page 13: Preparing For Use

    "Lifting and carrying the product" on page 7. 3.2 Unpacking and checking 1. Unpack the R&S ZND carefully. 2. Retain the original packing material. Use it when transporting or shipping the R&S ZND later. 3. Using the delivery notes, check the equipment for completeness.

  • Page 14: Setting Up The Product

    ® Preparing for use R&S Setting up the product If class A equipment causes radio disturbances, take appropriate measures to eliminate them. 3.4 Setting up the product See also: ● "Setting up the product" on page 8 ● "Intended use" on page 7 3.4.1 Placing the product on a bench top To place the product on a bench top...

  • Page 15: Mounting The Product In A Rack

    2. Lift the R&S ZND to shelf height. 3. Grab the handles and push the R&S ZND onto the shelf until the rack brackets fit closely to the rack. 4. Tighten all screws in the rack brackets with a tightening torque of 1.2 Nm to secure the R&S ZND in the rack.

  • Page 16: Considerations For Test Setup

    ® Preparing for use R&S Considerations for test setup 3.5 Considerations for test setup Cable selection and electromagnetic interference (EMI) Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can affect the measurement results. To suppress electromagnetic radiation during operation: ● Use high-quality shielded cables, for example, double-shielded RF and LAN cables.

  • Page 17: Connecting The Analyzer To The Ac Supply

    3.7 Switching the instrument on and off To switch on the R&S ZND 1. Switch the AC power switch to position I (On). The AC power switch is located in the upper part of the rear panel, together with the mains connector;...

  • Page 18: Standby And Ready State

    Set the switch on the power supply to position [0]. The LED of the standby toggle key key is switched off. 2. Disconnect the R&S ZND from the power source. 3.8 Standby and ready state The standby toggle key is located in the bottom-left corner of the front panel.
  • Page 19 To switch from one user account to another, log off from Windows and then log on again. The "switch user" functionality is disabled on the R&S ZND. Service packs and updates Microsoft regularly creates security updates and other patches to protect Windows- based operating systems.

  • Page 20: Minimizing The Vna Application

    ® Preparing for use R&S Connecting external accessories 3.10 Minimizing the VNA application With a minimized VNA application, you can access your analyzer's Windows ® desktop or run other applications. To exit the default full-screen mode of the VNA application, deselect SYSTEM – [DIS- PLAY] >...

  • Page 21: Connecting A Monitor

    PC. External monitor, keyboard and mouse are not required for local operation. A R&S ZND can be fully controlled by tapping the touchscreen and front panel keys. 3.11.1 Connecting a monitor A standard monitor can be connected to the DVI-D connector on the rear panel of the R&S ZND.

  • Page 22: Connecting A Printer

    ® Preparing for use R&S Connecting external accessories Mouse configuration Select "Settings" > "Devices" > "Mouse & touchpad" from the Windows ® "Start" menu to configure the mouse properties. Windows 7: select "Control Panel" > "Hardware and Sound" > "Devices and Printers" > ®...

  • Page 23: Connecting A Lan Cable

    ® Preparing for use R&S Connecting external accessories 3.11.5 Connecting a LAN cable A LAN cable can be connected to the LAN connector on the rear panel of the analyzer. To establish a LAN connection, proceed as follows: 1. Refer to Chapter 7.2.1, "Assigning an IP address", on page 66.

  • Page 24: Instrument Tour

    4 Instrument tour This chapter gives an overview of the control elements and connectors of the R&S ZND and gives all information that is necessary to put the instrument into opera- tion and connect external devices. The meanings of the labels on the product are described in "Meaning of safety labels"...

  • Page 25: Function Keys

    ® Instrument tour R&S Front panel The following sections contain further useful information about manual control of the instrument. ● Refer to the other sections in chapter Chapter 5, "Operating the instrument", on page 31 to learn how to handle traces and diagrams, and how to use menus, keys and softtools.

  • Page 26: Data Entry Keys

    ® Instrument tour R&S Front panel ● [CAL] provides all functions that are necessary to perform a system error correction (calibration). ● [CHANNEL CONFIG] provides functions for channel management. ● The [TRIGGER] settings control the start of the measurement sequence. ●...

  • Page 27: Rotary Knob

    ® Instrument tour R&S Front panel – In character input fields, the G/n, M/μ, k/m keys enter the letters G, M, K, respectively. x1 is equivalent to ENTER and confirms the previous entry. ● ESC is used to: – Cancel entries / close dialogs without activating the entries made (equivalent to the "Close"...

  • Page 28: Standby Key

    Chapter 6.1, "Transmission S-parameter measurement", on page 56. However, to use port 2 of a R&S ZND as driving port, you need one of the "bidirec- tional measurements" options: – R&S ZND-K5, for a R&S ZND without "extended frequency range" option R&S ZND-K1...

  • Page 29: Rear Panel

    EXT TRIG IN and EXT TRIG OUT are two BNC connectors for 5 V TTL external trigger signals. ● REF OUT is a BNC output for the internal reference frequency of the R&S ZND. Use this connector to synchronize other instruments to the analyzer. Getting Started 1316.2407.02 ─ 61...
  • Page 30 R&S ZND to another device. ● SYSTEM DRIVE contains the removable system drive of the R&S ZND, containing all software (including the operating system and the VNA application) and data. Do not remove the system drive during operation.

  • Page 31: Operating The Instrument

    Manual and remote control of the instrument Manual control of the R&S ZND is possible either via its touchscreen and frontpanel keys, via locally connected keyboard and mouse (see Chapter 3.11, "Connecting exter-...
  • Page 32 ® Operating the instrument R&S Manual operation Figure 5-1: Function Keys Customizing the screen The contents of the screen and the size and position of many display and control ele- ments are not fixed. You can display or hide most elements. You can also drag and drop traces, info fields, and even the softtool panel to your preferred position;...
  • Page 33 ® Operating the instrument R&S Manual operation left = unidirectional R&S ZND right = bidirectional R&S ZND 2. Activate the desired softtool tab, e.g. "Z←Sij". left = unidirectional R&S ZND right = bidirectional R&S ZND 3. Select a control element, e.g. "Z←S11".
  • Page 34 ® Operating the instrument R&S Manual operation Using the menu bar The menu bar at the bottom of the application screen provides alternative access to all instrument functions. To repeat the measured quantity selection described above, ► Select TRACE – [MEAS] > "Z←Sij" > "Z←S11". The diagram immediately reflects your selection.
  • Page 35 ® Operating the instrument R&S Manual operation left = unidirectional R&S ZND right = bidirectional R&S ZND 2. Select "S-Parameter" to open the "Meas" > "S-Params" softtool tab. left = unidirectional R&S ZND right = bidirectional R&S ZND 3. Select "Z←Sij" > "Z←S11".

  • Page 36: Control Elements Of The Application Window

    Operating the instrument R&S Control elements of the application window left = unidirectional R&S ZND right = bidirectional R&S ZND 5.2 Control elements of the application window The application window of the analyzer provides all control elements for the measure- ments and contains the diagrams for the results.

  • Page 37: Title Bar

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Control elements of the application window These methods are described in more detail in the following sections. 5.2.1 Title bar By default, the analyzer GUI is shown in full screen mode, covering the whole screen and hiding the Windows taskbar.

  • Page 38: Softtools

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Control elements of the application window These icons represent the undo and redo actions that are also available via the menu bar items "System" > "Undo" / "Redo". Undo reverses the last action, redo reverses the last undo action (if possi- ble).

  • Page 39: Menu Bar

    A short tap (left mouse click) expands a menu or submenu. If a menu com- mand has no submenu assigned, a short tap (left mouse click) opens a dialog or directly activates the menu command. When a (sub)menu is selected, the R&S ZND displays the corresponding softtool.

  • Page 40: Menu Structure

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Control elements of the application window ● The "Display" menu provides all display settings and the functions for activating, modifying and arranging different diagrams. ● The "Application" menu gives access to applications and tools that extend the func- tionality of the analyzer firmware.

  • Page 41: Hardkey Panel

    5.2.6 Hardkey panel The (virtual) "Hard Key" panel provides on-screen access to the function keys (plus the [UNDO] and [REDO] key) of the R&S ZND. Most of the function keys open a related softtool. For a short description, refer to section Chapter 4.1.2, "Function...

  • Page 42: Working With Dialogs

    ● the current date and time Figure 5-3: R&S ZND with switch matrix The progress bar shows a moving color gradient if the current sweep is too fast to be monitored, e.g. because the number of sweep points is low. You can hide/show the sta- tus bar using SYSTEM –...

  • Page 43: Handling Diagrams, Traces, And Markers

    For further reference Refer to chapter "Concepts and Features" in the R&S ZND Help or in the User Manual to learn more about traces, channels, and screen elements. 5.4.1 Adding new traces and diagrams A new trace is required if you want to measure and display an additional quantity.
  • Page 44 3. In the dialog box that is opened when you release the "New Trace" icon, select the S-parameter to be measured. left = bidirectional R&S ZND right = unidirectional R&S ZND The R&S ZND generates a new trace for the selected S-parameter. Getting Started 1316.2407.02 ─ 61...

  • Page 45: Adding New Markers

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Handling diagrams, traces, and markers Alternative control elements To measure a different quantity, select TRACE – [MEAS]. Drag and drop a softkey rep- resenting a measured quantity to create a trace. Or simply select another softkey to change the measured quantity of the active trace.

  • Page 46: Deleting Display Elements

    "Undo" toolbar icon. 5.4.4 Using drag and drop You can drag and drop many of the R&S ZND's control and display elements to change their size and position. The drag and drop functionality is often more conven- ient to use than the equivalent buttons of the softtool panels. The following table gives an overview.

  • Page 47: Entering Data

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Entering data Screen element Action Drag and drop... Reset / suspend "Zoom" element in additional trace line --> "Delete" icon; see Chapter 5.6.1, graphic zoom "Using the graphical zoom", on page 50 Marker Create Chapter 5.4.2, "Adding new markers", on page 45 Move horizontally...

  • Page 48: Using The Numeric Editor

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Entering data ● Use [.] to enter a decimal point. ● Use [-] to change the sign of the value. ● Use [G/n], [M/μ], [k/m], or [x1] to multiply the entered value with factors of 10 (-)9 (-)6 , 10...

  • Page 49: Using The Analyzer's On-Screen Keyboard

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Entering data 3. If desired, select a "Step Size" and use the cursor up/down buttons to increment/ decrement the current value. If a marker is active, you can also set the numeric value to the current marker value ("Set to Marker"). 4.

  • Page 50: Scaling Diagrams

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams Figure 5-4: Windows 10 on-screen keyboard To call up the on-screen keyboard: 1. Open the SYSTEM – [APPLIC] softtool. 2. In the "External Tools" tab, select "Screen Keyboard". 5.6 Scaling diagrams The analyzer provides various tools for customizing the diagrams and for setting the sweep range.
  • Page 51 ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams The icon changes its background color from black to blue. ● In the active diagram area, select an appropriate rectangular area. The zoomed view shows the selected rectangle, scaled in both horizontal and verti- cal direction.

  • Page 52: Setting The Sweep Range

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams Alternative settings ● The TRACE – [SCALE] > "Zoom" softtool tab allows you to define the displayed zoom range numerically. It can also be opened from the menu of the "Zoom Config" toolbar icon. ●...

  • Page 53: Reference Value And Position

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams ● Tap and hold (with a mouse: right-click) the "Start" or "Stop" label in the channel list and select "Start Frequency", "Stop Frequency", "Center Frequency", or "Fre- quency Span" from the context menu. ●...

  • Page 54: Circular Diagrams

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams 5.6.5 Circular diagrams The radial scale of a circular diagram ("Polar", "Smith" or "Inverted Smith") can be changed with a single linear parameter, the "Ref Value". The reference value defines the radius of the outer circumference. ●...

  • Page 55: Enlarging A Diagram

    ® Operating the instrument R&S Scaling diagrams Chapter 5.4.2, "Adding new markers", on page 45. 2. Place "M1" to the start value of the desired sweep range and tap TRACE – [MARKER] > "Set by Marker" > "Start = Marker". 3.

  • Page 56: Performing Measurements

    R&S Transmission S-parameter measurement 6 Performing measurements This chapter takes you through a sample session with a R&S ZND network analyzer and describes basic operation tasks. Prerequisite The instrument is set up, connected to the mains system, and started up as described Chapter 3, "Preparing for...

  • Page 57: Selecting The Sweep Range And Other Parameters

    Performing measurements R&S Transmission S-parameter measurement test ports. It is recommended that you preset the R&S ZND to start from a well-defined instrument state. 1. Connect the DUT between test ports 1 and 2 of the network analyzer as shown above.

  • Page 58: Calibrating The Instrument

    ® Performing measurements R&S Transmission S-parameter measurement The R&S ZND automatically adjusts its internal source and receiver to the selected measured quantities: For an S measurement, a stimulus signal (termed a ) is trans- mitted at the analyzer port no. 1; the transmitted wave (termed b ) is measured at port 2.
  • Page 59 3. Select the port combination Port 1 (P1) and Port 2 (P2) and the calibration type "Trans Norm". Make sure to define port 1 as the source port. Tip: For a unidirectional R&S ZND, only port 1 can be the source port. Hence cali- brations that require both ports as driving port are not available.
  • Page 60 ® Performing measurements R&S Transmission S-parameter measurement 6. Tap"Start". 7. The calibration dock widget indicates the standard measurements that make up a "Trans Norm" calibration. Select "Through (mm)" to initiate the measurement of the connected Through stan- dard. Measuring the isolation between ports 1 and 2 is optional. Skip it for now. Getting Started 1316.2407.02 ─...

  • Page 61: Evaluating Data

    Through standard. The similarity of real and expected traces indicates that the Through standard has been properly connected. After the R&S ZND has completed the calibration sweep and calculated the correction data, the "Apply" button is enabled.

  • Page 62: Saving And Printing Data

    ® Performing measurements R&S Transmission S-parameter measurement The group delay represents the propagation time of the wave through the DUT; it is displayed in a Cartesian diagram. The marker info field shows the frequency and group delay at the marker position. Refer to the information on trace formats in the help system or in the user manual to learn more about the diagram properties.

  • Page 63: Reflection S-Parameter Measurement

    ® Performing measurements R&S Reflection S-parameter measurement 6. Select SYSTEM – [FILE] > "Recall Sets" > "Save..." to open the "Save" dialog for recall sets. 7. In the "Save" dialog: a) Select a file location ("Look in:"). b) Enter a name for the recall set file ("File name:"). c) Select "Save".
  • Page 64 ® Performing measurements R&S Reflection S-parameter measurement A full 2-port calibration (TOSM, UOSM, TNA ...) corrects the system errors for all transmission and reflection S-parameters. ● Some of the trace formats are particularly suited for reflection measurements. For instance, you can display the measured reflection coefficient S in a Smith chart to obtain the complex input impedance at port 1.

  • Page 65: Administrative Tasks

    ® Administrative tasks R&S Firmware installation 7 Administrative tasks This chapter describes some topics that are only needed occasionally, or if a special instrument configuration is required. 7.1 Firmware installation Upgrade versions of the analyzer firmware are supplied as single executable setup files (*.exe).

  • Page 66: Remote Operation In A Lan

    ® Administrative tasks R&S Remote operation in a LAN 7.2 Remote operation in a LAN A LAN connection is used to integrate the analyzer into a home/company network. LAN connectivity offers several applications, e.g.: ● Transfer data between a controller and the analyzer, e.g. to run a remote control program.
  • Page 67 ® Administrative tasks R&S Remote operation in a LAN 2. Press the Windows key in the SYSTEM keypad or on an external keyboard to ® access Windows 3. Open the "Control Panel" > "Network and Sharing Center" > "Change adapter set- tings"...

  • Page 68: Using Computer Names

    ZND-<serial_number> The serial number can be found on the rear panel of the instrument. It is the third part of the device ID printed on the bar code sticker: ZND-102030, for example 7.2.3 Remote Desktop connection ® Remote Desktop is a Windows application which you can use to access and control the analyzer from a remote computer through a LAN connection.

  • Page 69: Windows ® Firewall Settings

    A firewall protects an instrument by preventing unauthorized users from gaining access to it through a network. In the default configuration of the R&S ZND, the firewall is enabled. A remote desktop connection does not require any changes in the firewall settings.

  • Page 70: Contacting Customer Support

    ® Contacting customer support R&S 8 Contacting customer support Technical support – where and when you need it For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz product, contact our customer sup- port center. A team of highly qualified engineers provides support and works with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applica- tions of Rohde &...

  • Page 71: Index

    ® Index R&S Index AC supply ................17 Instrument calibration ............58 Accessories (connect) ............20 Instrument security procedures ......... 12 Administrative tasks ............65 Instrument tour ..............24 Application cards ............... 12 IP address setting ............. 66 Application notes ............... 12 Auto scale .................
  • Page 72 ® Index R&S Scaling diagrams ............... 50 Screen saver ..............24 Security procedures ............12 Service manual ..............11 Setup keys ................ 25 Softtools ................38 Standby and ready state ........... 18 Standby key ..............28 Startup and shutdown ............17 Status bar ................

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