Perkins 1103D Operation And Maintenance Manual page 42

42
Maintenance Section
Fluid Recommendations
• Scale
• Foaming of the coolant
Many additives are depleted during engine operation.
These additives must be replaced periodically.
Additives must be added at the correct concentration.
Overconcentration of additives can cause the
inhibitors to drop out-of-solution. The deposits can
enable the following problems to occur:
• Formation of gel compounds
• Reduction of heat transfer
• Leakage of the water pump seal
• Plugging of radiators, coolers, and small passages
Glycol
Glycol in the coolant helps to provide protection
against the following conditions:
• Boiling
• Freezing
• Cavitation of the water pump
For optimum performance, Perkins recommends a
1:1 mixture of a water/glycol solution.
Note: Use a mixture that will provide protection
against the lowest ambient temperature.
Note: 100 percent pure glycol will freeze at a
temperature of −23 °C (−9 °F).
Most conventional antifreezes use ethylene glycol.
Propylene glycol may also be used. In a 1:1 mixture
with water, ethylene and propylene glycol provide
similar protection against freezing and boiling. See
Tables 11 and 12 .
Table 11
Ethylene Glycol
Concentration
Protection
−36 °C (−33 °F)
50 Percent
−51 °C (−60 °F)
60 Percent
NOTICE
Do not use propylene glycol in concentrations that
exceed 50 percent glycol because of propylene gly-
col's reduced heat transfer capability. Use ethylene
glycol in conditions that require additional protection
against boiling or freezing.
Freeze
Boil Protection
106 °C (223 °F)
111 °C (232 °F)
Table 12
Propylene Glycol
Freeze
Concentration
Protection
−29 °C (−20 °F)
50 Percent
To check the concentration of glycol in the coolant,
measure the specific gravity of the coolant.
Coolant Recommendations
The following two coolants are used in Perkins diesel
engines:
Preferred – Perkins Extended Life Coolant (ELC)
Acceptable – A commercial heavy-duty antifreeze
that meets "ASTM D4985" specifications
NOTICE
Do not use a commercial coolant/antifreeze that only
meets the ASTM D3306 specification. This type of
coolant/antifreeze is made for light automotive
applications.
Perkins recommends a 1:1 mixture of water and
glycol. This mixture of water and glycol will provide
optimum heavy-duty performance as a antifreeze.
This ratio may be increased to 1:2 water to glycol if
extra freezing protection is required.
Note: A commercial heavy-duty antifreeze that
meets "ASTM D4985" specifications MAY require a
treatment with an SCA at the initial fill. Read the label
or the instructions that are provided by the OEM of
the product.
In stationary engine applications and marine engine
applications that do not require anti-boil protection or
freeze protection, a mixture of SCA and water is
acceptable. Perkins recommends a six percent to
eight percent concentration of SCA in those cooling
systems. Distilled water or deionized water is
preferred. Water which has the recommended
properties may be used.
Engines that are operating in an ambient temperature
above 43 °C (109.4 °F) must use SCA and water.
Engines that operate in an ambient temperature
above 43 °C (109.4 °F) and below 0 °C (32 °F) due
to seasonal variations consult your Perkins dealer or
your Perkins distributor for the correct level of
protection.
SEBU8352-02
Anti-Boil
Protection
106 °C (223 °F)