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Related Manuals for Precision matthews PM-1127VFI-LB
Summary of Contents for Precision matthews PM-1127VFI-LB
- Page 1 Spartan Robotics Lathe Safety & Training Manual...
- Page 2 General Safety Information 1. Read your manual thoroughly before operating. Don’t try to do more than you or your machine can handle. Understand the hazards of operating a machine tool. In particular, remember never to change speeds or setups until the machine is completely stopped and never operate it without first rolling up your sleeves.
- Page 3 Machine Safety Rules 1. Stop the machine before servicing. Stop the machine before making changes, removing debris, or measuring your work. 2. Don’t over reach. Don’t reach over the machine when it’s operating. Keep your hands out of the way. 3.
- Page 4 Introduction Description The lathe is a machine tool used principally for shaping pieces of metal (and sometimes wood or other materials) by causing the workpiece to be held and rotated by the lathe while a tool bit is advanced into the work causing the cutting action. The basic lathe that was designed to cut cylindrical metal stock has been developed further to produce screw threads, tapered work, drilled holes, knurled surfaces, and crankshafts.
- Page 6 Headstock The headstock is located on the operator's left end of the lathe bed. It contains the main spindle, the part of the lathe that rotates, an oil reservoir and the mechanism for obtaining various spindle speeds and for transmitting power to the feeding and threading mechanism.
- Page 7 Headstock Controls...
- Page 8 Carriage The carriage includes the apron, saddle, compound rest, cross slide, tool post, and the cutting tool. It sits across the lathe ways and in front of the lathe bed. The function of the carriage is to carry and move the cutting tool.
- Page 9 Carriage Controls...
- Page 10 Tailstock The tailstock is located on the opposite end of the lathe from the headstock. It supports one end of the work when machining between centers, supports long pieces held in the chuck, and holds various forms of cutting tools, such as drills, reamers, and taps. The tailstock is mounted on the ways and is designed to be clamped at any point along the ways.
- Page 11 Tool Holding Drill Chuck The drill chuck is a small universal chuck which can be used in either the headstock spindle or the tailstock for holding straight- shank drills, reamers, taps, or small diameter workpieces. The drill chuck has three or four hardened steel jaws which are moved together or apart by adjusting a tapered sleeve within which they are contained.
- Page 12 Tooling Turning / Facing HSS (High Speed Steel) – tool blanks, which can be pre- ground or are ground by hand to the desired shape for the application. Cemented Carbide – Pre-ground carbide brazed to a steel shank. Indexable Inserts – Pre-formed ceramic, carbide or HSS. Attaches to a tool shank with clamp or screw fastener and has two or more cutting edges.
- Page 13 Tooling Examples...
- Page 14 Using Tooling Installing a Turning Tool Lathe cutting tools are held by tool holders. To install a tool, first clean the holder, install the tool, then tighten the screw clamps. The quick change tool post is secured to the compound with a bolt.
- Page 15 Positioning the Turning Tool In order to move the cutting tool, the lathe saddle (Z-axis) and cross slide (X-axis) can be moved by hand. There are also power feeds for these axes. A third axis of motion is provided by the compound. The angle of the compound can be adjusted to allow tapers to be cut at any desired angle.
- Page 16 Feed, Speed, and Depth of Cut Cutting speed is defined as the speed at which the work moves with respect to the tool (usually measured in feet per minute). Feed rate is defined as the distance the tool travels during one revolution of the part.
- Page 17 Turning The lathe can be used to reduce the diameter of a part to a desired dimension. First, clamp the workpiece securely in the lathe chuck. The part should not extend more that three times its diameter. Then install a turning tool (whichever is appropriate for the material).
- Page 18 Facing A lathe can be used to create a smooth, flat, face very accurately perpendicular to the axis of a cylindrical part. First, clamp the workpiece securely in the lathe chuck. Then, install a facing tool. Bring the tool approximately into position, but slightly off of the part.
- Page 19 Parting and Grooving A parting tool is deeper and narrower than a turning tool. It is designed for making narrow grooves and for cutting off parts. When a parting tool is installed, ensure that it hangs over the tool holder enough that the holder will clear the workpiece (but no more than that).
- Page 20 Drilling A lathe can also be used to drill holes accurately concentric with the centerline of a cylindrical part. First, install a drill chuck into the tail stock. Make certain that the tang on the back of the drill chuck seats properly in the tail stock.
- Page 21 Boring Boring is an operation in which a hole is enlarged with a single point cutting tool. A boring bar is used to support the cutting tool as it extends into the hole. Because of the extension of the boring bar, the tool is supported less rigidly and is more likely to chatter.
- Page 22 Work Holding Devices Many different devices, such as chucks, collets, faceplates, drive plates, mandrels, and lathe centers, are used to hold and drive the work while it is being machined on a lathe. The size and type of work to be machined and the particular operation that needs to be done will determine which work holding device is best for any particular job.
- Page 23 Universal Scroll Chuck The universal scroll chuck usually has three jaws which move in unison as an adjusting pinion is rotated. The advantage of the universal scroll chuck is its ease of operation in centering work for concentric turning. This chuck is not as accurate as the independent chuck, but when in good condition it will center work within 0.002 to 0.003 inches of runout.
- Page 24 Independent Chuck The independent chuck generally has four jaws which are adjusted individually on the chuck face by means of adjusting screws. The chuck face is scribed with concentric circles which are used for rough alignment of the jaws when chucking round workpieces.
- Page 25 Collet Chuck The collet chuck is the most accurate means of holding small workpieces in the lathe. The collet chuck consists of a spring machine collet and a collet attachment which secures and regulates the collet on the headstock spindle of the lathe. The spring machine collet is a thin metal bushing with an accurately machined bore and a tapered exterior.
- Page 26 Faceplate A lathe faceplate, is a flat, round plate that threads to the headstock spindle of the lathe. The faceplate is used for irregularly shaped workpieces that cannot be successfully held by chucks or mounted between centers. The workpiece is either attached to the faceplate using angle plates or brackets or bolted directly to the plate.
- Page 27 Lathe Centers Lathe centers, are the most common devices for supporting workpieces in the lathe. Most lathe centers have a tapered point with a 60° included angle to fit workpiece holes with the same angle. The workpiece is supported between two centers, one in the headstock spindle and one in the tailstock spindle.
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Page 28: Maintenance
Maintenance Keeping a Well Maintained Machine There is nothing more important that keeping a well maintained machine to help you enjoy a life time of use. Lubrication: Lubrication is probably the one thing that will keep your machine humming along for a lifetime. Consult the manufacturers manual for the recommended lubrication. - Page 29 Belt Maintenance Belts wear over time. Check the belt every few months or so. Look for signs of wear such as cracks or cords shredding. If the belt gets hard and develops a shiny surface, it will begin to slip and should be replaced. Belts should be properly tensioned for best results.
- Page 30 Daily Maintenance Check before starting the machine: • Check all the running parts no too tight, or loose. Bearing of headstock, longitudinal and crossfeed, toolholders, etc. would be examined and adjusted by hand or proper fitness. • Check the sensitivity and reliability of all manual control levers: To try the speed change rate function of headstock feeds and apron in gear box and inspect their starting, stopping, forwards and reverse action whether they are...
- Page 31 Monthly maintenance (during build season) • Check the lubrication of the sliding parts of the machine. Apply oil if needed. • Visually inspect the drive belts for excessive wear and cracking. Check the belt tension by applying finger pressure to each belt at a point midway between the two pulleys. For correct tension a deflection of about ¼...
- Page 32 Lathe Use Test 1. Use brushes, vacuums and cloth rags for machine clean True False 2. Never attempt to measure a part on a lathe while the spindle is turning. True False 3. It is not necessary to keep the floor around your machine clear of chips.
- Page 33 8. Lathe chips can be removed with your hands if you are very careful. True False 9. Be thoroughly familiar with the placement of the machine’s “stop” switch or lever. True False 10. A facing operation on a lathe is when the operator makes a squaring cut on the end of the part.
- Page 34 15. Always stop the machine before making measurements or cleaning out chips. True False Identify the major parts on the lathe below 16. _________ Compound Slide 17. _________ 3-Jaw Chuck 18. _________ Cross Slide Hand Wheel 19. _________ Lathe Bed 20.__________ Carriage Hand Wheel 21.
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