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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A NOTICE This manual has been prepared by the British Columbia Association of Chiefs of Police (BCACP), Impaired Driving Advisory Committee (IDAC) with representation from RCMP National Forensic Laboratory Services. The manual has been created from materials provided by Intoximeters Inc., the manufacturer of the Alco‐Sensor FST®. This manual conforms to British Columbia provincial standards and legislation and is provided to police officers undertaking Alco‐Sensor FST® operator training in British Columbia. Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual 2 of 30 2018‐12‐18 ...
Dealing with the Subject…………………………………………………………………………………….9 Failure or Refusal to Comply……………………………………………………………………………10 Mandatory Alcohol Screening…………………………………………………………………………..11 Operate the Alco-Sensor FST®……………………………………………………………………………………12 Operational Overview of the Alco-Sensor FST®…………………………………………….12 Theory and Design of the Alco-Sensor FST®…………………………………………………13 Storage, Handling and Transport……………………………………………………………………17 Operator Menu Functions…………………………………………………………………………………17 Confirming Subject Suitability…………………………………………………………………………19 Operating the Alco-Sensor FST®……………………………………………………………………19 Response to Subject Sample Results…………………………………………………………………………24...
“Approved Screening Device”. The Alco‐Sensor FST® was approved for use as a screening device in 2012. It is distributed in Canada by DAVTECH Analytical Services and is manufactured by Intoximeters Inc. of St. Louis, Missouri. Upon successful completion of this course, you will be qualified to use this ASD to investigate impaired driving offences. ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 2.0 Identify Suspected Impaired Drivers 2.1 Initial Observation The initial observation of vehicular operation begins when the officer first notices the vehicle and/or the driver. If the initial observation discloses vehicle maneuvers or human behaviors that may be associated with alcohol influence, the officer may develop an initial suspicion of impaired driving. 2.2 Stopping Drivers Provincial and/or federal legislation provide police with the authority to stop a vehicle. 2.3 Recognizing Signs of Impairment ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 2.5 Science of Breath Testing When a person consumes an alcoholic beverage, it passes from the mouth and esophagus to the stomach and small intestine, where it is absorbed into the blood stream. The absorption of alcohol is quite rapid, generally taking 20 to 30 minutes after consumption to reach the maximum reading. Absorption time may be affected by the type and amount of food in the stomach, ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 3.0 Lawfully Administer the Alco‐Sensor FST® 3.1 Stopping the Subject Police may stop a driver to check the license, registration, insurance, mechanical condition of the vehicle, or to check the sobriety of the driver. An ASD is an important tool police can use to help evaluate driver sobriety. In order to use an ASD lawfully an officer must comply with section 320.27 of the Criminal Code. An ASD demand may be made when the officer has reasonable grounds to suspect that the person has alcohol in their body and the person has been operating a conveyance within the preceding three hours. 320.27 (1) If a peace officer has reasonable grounds to suspect that a person has alcohol or a drug in their body and that the person has, within the preceding three hours, operated a conveyance, the peace officer may, by demand, require the person to comply with the requirements of either or both of paragraphs (a) and (b) in the case of alcohol or with the requirements of either or both of paragraphs (a) and (c) in the case of a drug: ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A consuming alcohol, an officer observes subject consuming alcohol, or any other combination of factors which reasonably support the suspicion. An ASD should not be used if the officer already has formed the opinion that the subject's ability to drive is impaired by alcohol. Do not confuse the grounds for the ASD demand with the grounds for an evidentiary breath demand.
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 3.2 Dealing with the Subject Section 320.27(1)(b) of the Criminal Code gives the peace officer the authority to demand a breath sample for analysis by an ASD on reasonable grounds to suspect that a person has alcohol in their body and that the person has, within the preceding three hours, operated a conveyance. ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 3.3 Failure or Refusal to Comply Section 320.15 of the Criminal Code applies to the failure or refusal to comply with a demand for an ASD test, approved instrument test or blood sample. Each refusal case is unique. The offence is complete and the subject may be charged with refusal when: The officer has properly and fully explained the demand, and The subject has been given a reasonable opportunity to comply, and The officer has received an unequivocal refusal (by statement or conduct), or The subject fails to provide a suitable sample and the officer is of the opinion they are capable of doing so. If a subject refuses the Alco‐Sensor FST® by failure to provide a sample, they should be charged with refusal. In such a case, it is critical that the officer document why they felt the subject was refusing. For example, if they start blowing and then stop, if they continually take their lips off the mouthpiece, if they start blowing out the side of their mouth, or if they put their mouth on the mouthpiece but don’t blow any breath out of their mouth. All of these observations are to be documented in the officer’s notes as the subject’s actions constitute the refusal. It may be ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 3.4 Mandatory Alcohol Screening Section 320.27(2) of the Criminal Code provides peace officers the authority to demand samples of breath for analysis by an ASD without first requiring them to have reasonable grounds to suspect the subject has consumed alcohol. The peace officer needs to be in possession of an ASD, and must be dealing with the driver of a motor vehicle in “the course of ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 4.0 Operate the Alco‐Sensor FST® 4.1 Operational Overview of the ALCO‐SENSOR FST® It is imperative all ASD operators are able to adequately articulate how the device functions and to describe the correct sequence of messages displayed by the device, if called upon to give testimony in court. Although some messages are displayed only very briefly, failure to identify and articulate these messages can raise concerns about the proper operation of the device. Commence a test by attaching a clean mouthpiece to the device. Insert the closed end of the mouthpiece into the mouthpiece channel, with the flat side of the mouthpiece downward and press the mouthpiece into position. The two holes on the underside of the mouthpiece will naturally align and attach to the appropriate ports of the Alco‐Sensor FST®. Press the ON button (labeled with an “I” symbol within a diamond shape) located opposite the display for about one second so the display illuminates and an audible beep sounds. The backlight of the display is normally green for all functions but turns an amber color when displaying a WARN result, or a red color when displaying a FAiL result. The test sequence starts by briefly indicating the device temperature and battery strength. The acceptable operating temperature of the device is ‐12°C to 55°C but the test sequence will automatically end if the temperature is not in the acceptable range or if the batteries are too weak to complete the test. There is no need to record this temperature. Following the temperature and battery check, the display will show BlNK and perform a blank test to demonstrate the alcohol free status of the device. A blank result other than 0 mg% will generate a status message NULL FAiL and end the test sequence automatically, so there is no need to record the blank reading. A 0 mg% blank will allow the sequence to continue with WAIT appearing on the display while the sequence progresses automatically. A double beep will sound when the device is ready to accept a sample of breath and there will be a small flashing icon of a person’s head in the upper left corner of the display and the message Blow. The ASD operator should instruct the subject to “take a normal breath in, seal ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A The Alco‐Sensor FST® has an automatic sampling system designed to ensure that a sample of deep lung air is obtained and analyzed. In order to trigger automatic sampling the subject must blow with a minimum flow rate, must produce a minimum breath volume and blow for a minimum duration. When the minimum flow rate is met a continuous tone will sound, the head ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A ON Button ‐ The ON button (labeled with an “I” symbol within a diamond shape) is the larger of the two buttons on the Alco‐Sensor FST® case. This button is located opposite the display and will naturally rest under the operator’s forefinger when holding the device. The primary function of the button is to turn the device ON, and this is accomplished by pressing the button down for one second. A beep and the display powering on will indicate that power up has been successful. (NOTE: If you want to illuminate the display, hold the ON button down for an extra second on power up or press the ON button at any point when the temperature is being displayed and the display will illuminate.) ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A Batteries ‐ The battery cover is located on the base of the Alco‐Sensor FST®. Two AA alkaline batteries should run well in excess of 1000 tests at room temperature. The device is reverse‐ polarity protected. Rechargeable batteries are not to be used. If the Alco‐Sensor FST® does not have sufficient battery power to perform a test, either the display will not power on or BAT will be displayed and testing will be disabled. ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A In order to replace the batteries: 1. Remove rubberized grip. 2. Slide battery door open. It is located at the bottom of the Alco‐Sensor FST®. 3. Remove both batteries. 4. Insert two new AA size alkaline batteries, ensuring polarity is correct. 5. Close battery door. 6. Replace rubberized grip. 7. Turn Alco‐Sensor FST® ON to verify proper installation. NOTE: If the batteries are replaced incorrectly, the device will not power ON. Immediately remove the batteries. An Alco‐Sensor FST® calibrator will be required to put the device back into service. Mouthpiece ‐ The mouthpiece is a critical portion of the sample assembly and specifically designed to be used with the Alco‐Sensor FST®. Inserting the closed end of the mouthpiece into ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 4.3 Storage, Handling and Transport The Alco‐Sensor FST® has been designed to be carried and used by police officers under operational conditions. Normal physical shocks encountered in the policing environment will not generally be a problem. ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A LAST: Displays result of last test The display will show the LAST message, which is the first option in the function Menu. The result of the last test will be displayed briefly (10 seconds) and then device will automatically turn off. FOR EXAMPLE: OR OR OR PAS: Initiates passive mode test (Not to be used for impaired driving investigations) RBL: Initiates roadblock mode test (Outside scope of this course) Allows operation in a special mode used for rapid sampling of subjects, as in a roadblock/check stop scenario ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 4.5 Confirming subject suitability A test on a subject shall not be conducted until: 1. 15 minutes after the time the officer believes alcohol has last been consumed 2. 5 minutes after the time the officer believes anything has been taken by mouth 3. 5 minutes after the time the officer believes anything has been smoked. Mouth alcohol Mouth alcohol is residual alcohol remaining in the mouth from the recent consumption of an alcoholic drink, regurgitation of stomach contents containing alcohol, from a burp, belch or vomit, or recent use of mouthwash or breath fresheners containing alcohol. The concentration of alcohol in beverage alcohol or breath fresheners is much higher than in the breath of a person who has consumed alcohol. All deep lung breath samples originate in a lower part of the ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 1. Install a clean, unused Alco‐Sensor FST® mouthpiece from a sealed bag. This mouthpiece is specifically designed to be used with the Alco‐Sensor FST®. Handle the mouthpiece (before and after breath test) in a sanitary manner. 2. Depress the Power ON button. A single beep will be heard and the display will show temperature and battery strength. ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 4. Breath Sampling: When ready for a sample of breath, the display shows the icon of a person’s head flashing and Blow. A double beep will be heard when this appears on the display. Instruct the subject to take a normal breath in and ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A Flow INS indicates that the subject’s breath flow rate is inconsistent. Solution: Instruct the subject to provide a continuous sample with a moderate rate of breath flow. Flow CUT tells the operator that the subject provided enough breath flow to capture a sample, but their breath flow was stopped too abruptly or there ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 5. Analysis As soon as a successful breath sample has been captured, the analyzing signal will appear. This signal is a display segment (‐‐) scrolling horizontally across the center of the display. At the end of the analysis a result will be displayed for 15 seconds before the device auto‐powers OFF. The backlight turns off after 5 seconds, but results display for 10 ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 5.0 Response to Subject Sample Results Responses to subject sample results will depend on provincial legislation. 5.1 ASD Refusals For unequivocal refusals, record in your notes the words of the subject indicating the refusal. If a driver is indecisive in a refusal and says something like; “yeah, I guess I won’t blow”, you should press for a clear refusal and a response like; “no, I will not blow”. For equivocal refusals where a driver pretends to comply in providing a breath sample but does not blow long enough or hard enough to cause sample acceptance, you must document why you concluded the subject was refusing. You should record in your notes some of the details of the refusal such as how many times the driver attempted to blow, if the cheeks puffed out, if air blew around the mouthpiece, and the display messages for the device while the subject was blowing. It may be necessary to demonstrate to the subject how to provide a proper sample into the ASD and to ask if the instructions have been understood. You may have to explain to the subject several times and in different ways how to provide a proper sample. If a driver demands to speak to a lawyer before blowing, do not declare a refusal until after you advise there is no right to a lawyer before the test, and non‐compliance will result in a refusal charge. You should explain to the driver the jeopardy faced by failing or refusing to provide a suitable sample, such as “You may be charged with a criminal offence which carries the same penalties as an impaired driving conviction, and which may include losing your license for a year or more, and significant financial penalties and possible jail time”. In refusal cases, it is a good practice to visually inspect the mouthpieces for obstructions after they have been used and to retain them as evidence. After an equivocal refusal, insert a new mouthpiece into the ASD and provide a sample yourself to demonstrate the device is capable of accepting a breath sample. Record this information in your notes and report it in the RCC or IRP. ASD refusals are to be handled via the IRP Refusal Process or the Criminal Code process, which will include issuing a 24 hour prohibition (Section 215 BC Motor Vehicle Act (MVA)) and an Administrative Driving Prohibition (Section 94.1 MVA), and an Appearance Notice. ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 5.2 Fail Result A FAiL result will give you reasonable grounds to make an evidentiary breath demand under section 320.28(1)(a)(i) of the Criminal Code and may be the primary grounds for the evidentiary demand. You should arrest or detain the driver, provide a Section 10 Charter notification, police caution and read the breath demand as soon as practicable,. Record the times of the demand, charter, and police caution in your notes. In court, you will be asked what the FAiL result means and you should respond that it indicates the driver’s blood alcohol concentration was 100 mg% or more and therefore the driver’s ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired by alcohol. At this point you may decide to issue the driver an IRP under the BC Motor Vehicle Act (MVA) rather than proceed with the Criminal Code investigation. However, if you choose to issue an IRP you must inform the driver of the right to a second breath test on a different ASD and that the lower of the two results will prevail: “I have reasonable grounds to believe: Based on the result of your approved screening device test that your ability to drive is affected by alcohol. I therefore direct you to surrender your driver’s licence. You are now prohibited from driving. In accordance with the Motor Vehicle Act, I am informing you that you have the right to a second test by providing a second sample of breath into a different Approved Screening Device. You must request the second test forthwith and prior to the service of your Notice of Prohibition. By legislation the lower of the two test results will prevail. Do you understand? Would you like to provide a second breath sample? “ If a second ASD is not available you will not be able to proceed with an IRP and should consider proceeding criminally, or issuing a 24 hour prohibition pursuant to Section 215 of the MVA. Following the second ASD test (and provided it is a WARN or FAiL): 1.Seize the individual’s driver’s licence even if it is from another jurisdiction. 2.Complete the Notice of Prohibition (MV2723) and serve it on the driver. 3.Complete the Report to Superintendent (MV2724) and the IRP narrative togetherwith other ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 5.3 Warn Result A WARN reading has no criminal consequence and does not contravene the Criminal Code. However, an officer must issue a 3, 7, or 30 day IRP under section 215.41 of the MVA if the driver is advised of the right to a second ASD test, and if a second ASD is available. If no second ASD is available an officer may issue a 24 hour driving prohibition under section 215 of ...
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Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A Insufficient power to conduct a subject test. No sample has been provided within the 3‐minute time interval. Indicates that the subject has not met the minimum breath flow requirements after 3 opportunities to provide a sample. The Alco‐Sensor FST® has been designed to be immune to RFI. Device has detected possible Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A VOID followed by E32 is displayed when there is an internal malfunction. If the Alco‐Sensor FST® does not have sufficient battery power to perform a test, either the display will not power on or BAT will be displayed and testing will be disabled. The battery strength indicator has three bars 7.0 ASD Policy and Precautions Smoking: Do not allow the subject to blow smoke into the device. Wait 5 full minutes after smoking by the subject before taking a breath sample. The presence of smoke in a breath sample can damage the fuel cell. ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A Alco‐Sensor FST® Battery: If the device battery voltage is too low to perform a test sequence, the display will show BAT and testing will be disabled, or the device will not turn on. Return the unit to a qualified ASD calibrator for battery replacement. Service and Repair: The Alco‐Sensor FST® requires a yearly service check. For annual service and all repairs (other than battery replacement) ship the unit to the authorized service agency: DAVTECH Analytical Services Inc. 8.0 Additional Considerations 8.1 Alternative Reasons for Subject Impairment When alcohol and various drugs are taken in combination, unexpected results may occur. Combination effects are often characterized by relatively low BAC and the presence of gross symptoms ...
Alco‐Sensor FST® Operator’s Manual PROTECTED A 3. Margin of acceptability of breath test equipment. All scientific instrumentation has what is referred to as ‘a margin of acceptability’, meaning that the instrument is not 100% accurate, 100% of the time. With respect to breath testing instrumentation, the margin of acceptability is +/‐10 mg%. This means that a result may read 10 mg% higher – or 10 mg% lower – than the actual blood alcohol concentration. This applies to both the ASD and the Approved Instrument. As always, take thorough notes. 8.3 Bias‐Free Policing When exercising the authorities granted by Section 320.27(2) of the Criminal Code as they pertain ...
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