Page 3: Safety Summary
When you notice any of the unusual conditions listed below, immediately terminate operation and disconnect the power cable. Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales representative or authorized service company for repair of the instrument. If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument, there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator.
Page 7 ESD damage by wearing a grounding strap that provides a high resistance path to ground. Alternatively, ground yourself to discharge any static charge built-up by touching the outer shell of any grounded instrument chassis before touching the test port connectors.. 4294A...
Page 9 Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer Operation Manual Seventh Edition FIRMWARE REVISIONS This manual applies directly to instruments that have the firmware revision 1.1x. For additional information about firmware revisions, see Appendix A. Part No. 04294-90060 February 2003 Printed in: Japan...
Page 10 This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of Agilent Technologies. Agilent Technologies Japan, Ltd.
Page 11 The Agilent 4294A complies with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and NOTE POLLUTION DEGREE 2 in IEC61010-1. The Agilent 4294A is an INDOOR USE product. LEDs in the Agilent 4294A are Class 1 in accordance with IEC60825-1, NOTE CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT. • Ground the Instrument To avoid electric shock, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be grounded with the supplied power cable’s grounding prong.
Page 12: Safety Symbols
Warnings, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed. Dangerous voltage levels, capable of causing death, are present in this WARNING instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, or adjusting this instrument.
Page 13 Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution’s calibration facility or by the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Page 14 The following manuals are available for the Agilent 4294A. • Operation Manual (Agilent P/N: 04294-900x0) Most of the basic information necessary for using the Agilent 4294A is provided in this manual. It describes installation, preparation, measurement operation including calibration, performances (specifications), key definitions, and error messages.
Page 15 This manual is attached when Option 0BW is ordered. The number of “x” in the part number of each manual (Agilent P/N), 0 for the first NOTE edition, is incremented by 1 each time a revision is made.
Page 17: Table Of Contents
Initialize the Agilent 4294A to the Preset State ....... . .
Page 18 Contents 2. MEASUREMENT Block ............45 3.
Page 19 Putting the Agilent 4294A into the Preset State (Presetting) ....... .
Page 20 Contents Setting the Horizontal Axis of the Graph for the List Sweep ....... . . 124 Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time .
Page 21 Contents Monitoring the Test Signal Level on a Real-time Basis ........189 Using the Marker Feature to Determine the Test Signal Level.
Page 22 Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data ....... . .
Page 23 Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A ........
Page 24 Contents Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] key..........365 Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key .
Page 25: Installation
Installation This chapter contains installation and setup instructions for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer. For information on connecting test accessories such as a test fixture, adapter, probe, or measurement cable, refer to Chapter 4 , “Preparation of Measurement Accessories.”...
Page 26: Incoming Inspection
Incoming Inspection Incoming Inspection WARNING To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not turn on the Agilent 4294A if there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer enclosure (for example, covers, panel, or display). Check the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the Agilent 4294A has been checked mechanically and electrically.
Page 27 Installation Incoming Inspection 1. The number of “x” in the part number of each manual or sample program disk, 0 for the first edition, is incremented by 1 each time a revision is made. The lat- est edition comes with the product. 2.
Page 28: Precautions To Take Before Setting Up The Power Supply
Precautions to Take Before Setting Up the Power Supply Before supplying electrical power to the Agilent 4294A, make sure that the correct fuse is selected. Be sure to use a power source that meets the specifications listed later in this section.
Page 29: Power Cable
Installation Power Cable Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards, the Agilent 4294A uses a three-wire power cable. When connected to an appropriate ac power outlet, this cable grounds the instrument frame through one of the three wires. The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination.
Page 30 Installation Power Cable Figure 1-2 Alternative Power Cable Options Chapter 1...
Page 31: Connecting The Bnc Adapter (For Option 1D5 Only)
When Option 1D5 is installed, connect the BNC cable that comes with this option between the REF OVEN and EXT REF INPUT connectors on the rear panel of the Agilent 4294A. Option 1D5 makes the frequency of the Agilent 4294A’s test signal both more stable and more accurate.
Page 32: Using The Lan Port
(Unshielded Twisted Pair) LAN connector provided on the rear panel. Step 1. To connect the 4294A to a LAN, securely insert the LAN cable into the LAN port. Step 2. For the 4294A to communicate over a LAN, you must set up the network connection as described in the section “Using LAN”...
Page 33: Connecting The Supplied Keyboard
Do not put anything on the keyboard. Doing so can cause an error during the power-on self-test. Figure 1-5 Connecting the Supplied Keyboard 1. The Agilent 4294A comes with a keyboard if it is purchased with Option 810 (with keyboard). Chapter 1...
Page 34: Using A Rackmount Kit
Using a Rackmount Kit Using a Rackmount Kit If you want to combine the Agilent 4294A with other instruments and a controller to assemble a comprehensive measuring system, you can use one of the optional rackmount/handle kits to install it in an efficient way. Figure 1-6 shows how to install the rackmount kit.
Page 35: Option 1Cm Rackmount Kit
Option 1CM Rackmount Kit Option 1CM includes a pair of flanges and the parts necessary for attaching them to the Agilent 4294A. With this option, you can mount the 4294A on an equipment rack with 482.6 mm (19 inch) horizontal spacing.
Page 36: Environmental Requirements
To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the Agilent 4294A's power cable from the power outlet before cleaning. To clean the exterior of the Agilent 4294A, gently wipe the surfaces with a dry cloth or a soft cloth that is soaked with water and wrung tightly. Do not attempt to clean the 4294A internally.
Page 37: Learning Operation Basics
Learning Operation Basics This chapter guides you through a tour of the basic measurement functions of the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer. If you are new to the Agilent 4294A, this tutorial should help you get familiar with the instrument.
Page 38: Required Equipment
Required Equipment Required Equipment To perform all of the steps in this tour, you must have the following equipment: • Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer (1 unit) • 16047E Text Fixture for Lead Components (1 piece) • DUT: Capacitor with lead wires having self-resonance frequency of 100 MHz or lower, such as a 0.1 mF ceramic capacitor (1 piece)
Page 39: Preparing For A Measurement
Connect the Agilent 4294A to the Agilent 16047E Test Fixture for Lead Components. Step 1. Attach the 16047E test fixture to the test connectors on the front panel of the Agilent 4294A by gradually coupling the four BNC connectors and fastening screws of the fixture with the test connectors and accessory mounting holes of the instrument until they are in complete contact.
Page 40: Turn On The Power
“7mm,” and “PRB” indicators. NOTE When you use the Agilent 4294A for actual applications, you may want to use an adapter such as a 7-mm conversion adapter (terminal adapter), cable, or probe. To do so, you must specify the appropriate adapter type and then perform a calibration procedure called “Adapter Setup,”...
Page 41: Specifying Measurement Conditions
This puts the Agilent 4294A into its preset state. NOTE If you turn on the Agilent 4294A with a power-on setting file residing on the flash memory (nonvolatile memory disk) or on a floppy disk inserted in the floppy disk drive, the file is automatically loaded, and the settings contained in the file are restored.
Page 42: Set The Sweep Start Value To 100 Hz
Learning Operation Basics Specifying Measurement Conditions Step 2. Press the key to select Log (logarithmic) sweep. Set the Sweep Start Value to 100 Hz Step 1. Press the key. The current setting of the sweep start value appears in the Parameter [Start] Setting field in the upper-left area of the screen.
Page 43: Fixture Compensation
Step 1. Remove the short bar (a metal plate for SHORT compensation) from the upper part of the Agilent 16047E by loosing the screws and then fit the short bar between the HIGH and LOW terminals of the Agilent 16047E. Secure the short bar with the two electrode fastening screws (Figure 2-3 on page 36).
Page 44 SHORT on OFF SHORT ON off indicating that the SHORT compensation function is turned on. Step 3. Remove the short bar from the Agilent 16047E's test electrodes. NOTE The Agilent 4294A provides three fixture compensation functions: OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD. You can turn on/off each of these compensation functions individually and use them in any combination to perform the fixture compensation process.
Page 45: Carrying Out Measurement And Viewing Results
Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Connect the DUT Step 1. Increase the distance between the HIGH and LOW electrodes of the Agilent 16047E by turning their fastening screws counterclockwise. Step 2. Fit the DUT's lead wires between the HIGH and LOW electrodes.
Page 46: Apply The Logarithmic Format To The Vertical Axis For |Z
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-5 Measurement results displayed just after connecting the DUT Apply the Logarithmic Format to the Vertical Axis for |Z| Step 1. Make sure that Trace A is selected as the active trace (Trace A is active by default in the preset state).
Page 47: Display The Measured |Z| And Q Values In Parallel
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-6 Result of Applying the Logarithmic Format to the Graph Display the Measured |Z| and q Values in Parallel Step 1. Press the key to display the Display menu. [Display] Step 2.
Page 48: Auto-Scale The |Z| Trace
Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-7 Displaying Traces A and B in Parallel NOTE You do not need to check which trace is active when you split the screen because this setting is applied to both Traces A and B. Auto-scale the |Z| Trace Step 1.
Page 49 Learning Operation Basics Carrying Out Measurement and Viewing Results Figure 2-8 Results of Auto-scaling Chapter 2...
Page 50: Results Of Analysis
Learning Operation Basics Results of Analysis Results of Analysis Determine the Self-resonance Frequency and Resonant Impedance Step 1. Press the key to activate Trace A. Step 2. Press the key to display the Search menu. The main marker (a trace marker [Search] identified by number 0) appears in the center of the graph.
Page 51: Front/Rear Panel And Lcd Display
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display This chapter covers the features of the front and rear panels of the Agilent 4294A. It contains illustrations and descriptions of the front panel features, the LCD display and its labels, and the rear panel connectors.
Page 52: Front Panel
Note that the term “hardkey” refers to all of the controls within each of the six key blocks, including the circular-shaped rotary knob (m) in the Entry block. A hardkey either directly controls the functions of the Agilent 4294A, provides access to softkey menus, or both.
Page 53: Active Trace Block
[1][0][0] 1. ACTIVE TRACE block With the Agilent 4294A, you can view two traces (waveforms) for each sweep cycle: Trace A and Trace B. Some parameters, such as the sweep range, apply to both traces, while other parameters can be separately configured for each trace. You can use the in the Active Trace block to choose between Traces A and B.
Page 54: Stimulus Block
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you configure [Bw/Avg] the bandwidth and averaging settings. Provides access to a softkey menu that lets you set up the [Cal] calibration feature. 3. STIMULUS Block This block provides keys for configuring the test signal parameters.
Page 55: Marker Block
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel Deletes the character to the left of cursor and moves the [Back Space] cursor back one space. If you make a mistake in entering a value through numeric keys, you can use this key to correct your entry.
Page 56: Softkeys
(trace data), instrument status, analysis results, and softkey labels. 9. Power Switch Turns on/off the power to the instrument. When you turn on the Agilent 4294A, it is initialized to its power-on defaults, with no softkey menu shown on the screen. From this state, you can display a softkey menu by pressing a specific hardkey.
Page 57: Unknown Terminals
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Front Panel 10. UNKNOWN Terminals These connectors let you connect the instrument with a device under test (DUT) via test accessories (such as an adapter, test fixture, or cable). These accessories adopt a four-terminal pair design, thereby enabling more accurate and wider-range dynamic measurements.
Page 58: Rear Panel
Rear Panel 1. External Reference Input Connector Allows you to connect an external frequency reference signal to the Agilent 4294A so that its internal signal is phase locked to the external frequency reference signal to achieve a more accurate frequency.
Page 59: External Trigger Input
This port supports 4-bit data for input and 8-bit data for output. 8. Time Base Adjuster (for Option 1D5) This adjuster is used to fine-tune the operating frequency of the Agilent 4294A when it is equipped with Option 1D5 (High Stability Frequency Reference).
Page 60: Bit I/O Port
“Programming Guide.” 14. Inlet (with a fuse box) To use the Agilent 4294A, you must connect this inlet with the three-wire power cable that comes with the Agilent 4294A. For more information, refer to Chapter 1, “Installation and Setup.”...
Page 61: Items Displayed On The Lcd
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Items Displayed on the LCD Figure 3-3 Items displayed on the LCD (with split display mode off and full-screen mode on) 1. Measurement Parameter Fields Each of these fields show the currently selected measurement parameters for either Trace A or B.
Page 62: Softkey Label Area
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD 5. Softkey Label Area Shows the labels that are, in the current context, associated with the softkeys on the right-hand side. Table 3-1 lists the types of softkey options and their functions. Table 3-1 Types of softkey options and their functions Type of softkey option...
Page 63: Sweep Parameter Reading Fields
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Table 3-1 Types of softkey options and their functions Type of softkey option Function Softkey label for setting a Pressing the corresponding softkey displays the function's current setting in the Parameter Setting field in the parameter upper-left part of the screen and allows you to change the current setting with the Entry block keys (for example,...
Page 64: Marker Statistics/Trace Bandwidth Analysis Fields
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD completed. Peak Indicates that the marker facility is currently in search track mode and configured to detect the peak value. The main marker moves to the peak value on the trace each time one sweep cycle is completed. D marker mode DMkr Indicates that the marker facility is currently in default D marker...
Page 65: Sweep Stop/Span Value Field
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD on the dc bias monitor feature through the keystroke sequence [Display] BIAS MON [ ] VOLT/CURRENT 12. Sweep Stop/Span Value Field This field shows the sweep stop or span value that is currently in effect. Use the [Stop] to set the sweep stop value and the key to set the sweep span value.
Page 66 Indicates that the instrument is configured to use a 2-meter, four-terminal pair cable. Indicates that the instrument is configured to use the Agilent 42942A Terminal Adapter (four-terminal pair to 7-mm conversion adapter). Indicates that the instrument is configured to use the 42941A Impedance Probe.
Page 67 Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Fixture compensation status Fixture Compensation Correction point setting feature Fixed User-defined (blank) (Unknown) Blank cells in the table indicate that the feature is off. NOTE The user correction and fixture compensation features share the same correction point settings.
Page 68: Equivalent Circuit Parameters Field
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Service mode status Indicates that the instrument is in service mode, which is intended for servicing use only. The accuracy of data measured in this mode is not guaranteed. For more information, refer to the “Service Manual.” (blank) Indicates that the instrument is ready for normal measurement use.
Page 69: Title Field
Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD messages,” on page 429. 21. Title Field This field provides a place to enter a title (up to 64 alphanumeric characters) that describes the current screen. To enter the title, use the keystroke sequence [Display] more 1/2 TITLE...
Page 70 Front/Rear Panel and LCD Display Items Displayed on the LCD Chapter 3...
Page 71: Preparation Of Measurement Accessories
Preparation of Measurement Accessories This chapter describes the required preparation of accessories after finishing installation of the Agilent 4294A and before starting measurements. If you have not completed installation, please refer to Chapter 1 , “Installation,” on page 17 before proceeding to this...
Page 72: Selecting Accessories For Measurement
Features of Accessory Device Entire frequency range of 4294A 16047E Equipped with screws for firmly fixing the fixture to the 4294A. Entire frequency range of 4294A 42942A and 16092A For both chip and lead components. Entire frequency range of 4294A...
Page 73 Selecting Accessories for Measurement Table 4-1 Guidelines for Selecting Accessories Type of Condition Accessory Features of Accessory Device Entire frequency range of 4294A, 16034G Component size ³ 0603 Entire frequency range of 4294A, 16034H Can measure array-type Component size ³ 1608 components.
Page 74: Connecting The Accessories
Step 1. Connect the measurement accessories to the Agilent 4294A. Step 2. Press the power switch on the front panel of the Agilent 4294A to turn it on. For more information on connecting accessories to the Agilent 4294A for measurement, refer to the operation manual furnished with each accessory.
Page 75: Adapter Setting
You must ensure that the adapter setting is properly set after you finish connecting accessories to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A and before you start measurement. If required, change it to the correct adapter setting. The adapter setting includes adapter selection and the data acquisition process, which is called adapter setup.
Page 76: Adapter Selection
The adapter selection setting must be confirmed before measurement in accordance with the connection status of each accessory. If necessary, it must be changed to the correct setting. The adapter selection of the Agilent 4294A can be confirmed and, if necessary, changed as follows. Step 1. Press key to display the Calibration Menu.
Page 77: Adapter Setup
“Adapter Selection” on page 68. The adapter setup is normally performed in the following cases. • When using the 16048G with the Agilent 4294A for the first time after it is delivered. • When using the 16048H with the Agilent 4294A for the first time after it is delivered.
Page 78: Adapter Setup Procedure For The 16048G And 16048H
Adapter setup data can be obtained and saved for each adapter selection. Adapter setting (adapter selection and adapter setup data) is not affected by turning on/off the Agilent 4294A or by pressing the key to initialize the instrument settings. [Preset]...
Page 79 Step 2. More than 30 minutes warm-up time is required after turning on the Agilent 4294A. Step 3. Make the correct adapter selection for the 16048G or 16048H in accordance with “Adapter Selection”...
Page 80: Adapter Setup Procedure For The 16334A
The adapter setup data is automatically saved to the EEPROM (nonvolatile memory) in the Agilent 4294A. NOTE Press the key to cancel the adapter setup process. If the adapter setup process is cancel canceled, the previously obtained data is saved as the available adapter setup data.
Page 81: Adapter Setup Procedure For The 16451B
The 16334A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory such as a cable or adapter is inserted between the 16334A and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup.
Page 82: Adapter Setup Procedure For The 42942A
The 16451B Dielectric Test Fixture must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory such as a cable or adapter is inserted between the 16451B and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup.
Page 83 The 42942A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory such as a cable or adapter is inserted between the 42942A and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup.
Page 84 Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Figure 4-5 Connecting OPEN (0 S) to the 42942A Step 6. Press the key to start the phase compensation data measurement. PHASE COMP [-] NOTE The traces on the LCD display do not change during the phase compensation data measurement.
Page 85 Preparation of Measurement Accessories Adapter Setting Connecting SHORT (0 W) to the 42942A Figure 4-6 Step 9. Press the key to start the short data measurement. SHORT [-] NOTE When the short data measurement is completed, the softkey label changes to SHORT [DONE] Step 10.
Page 86: Adapter Setup Procedure For The 42941A
OPEN, done SHORT, and LOAD data. The adapter setup data is automatically saved to the EEPROM (nonvolatile memory) in the Agilent 4294A. NOTE Press the key to cancel the adapter setup process. If the adapter setup process is cancel canceled, the previously obtained data is saved as the available adapter setup data.
Page 87 The 42941A must be directly connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A. If another accessory such as a cable or adapter is inserted between the 42941A and the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, the correct adapter setup data cannot be obtained and correct device measurement cannot be performed after the adapter setup.
Page 88 OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD data. The adapter setup data is automatically saved to the EEPROM (nonvolatile memory) in the Agilent 4294A. NOTE Press the key to cancel the adapter setup process. If the adapter setup process is cancel canceled, the previously obtained data is saved as the available adapter setup data.
Page 89: Setting Measurement Conditions
Setting Measurement Conditions This chapter explains how to set up the measurement conditions for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer, including the measurement signal and sweep. NOTE Be sure to perform the “adapter setting” before starting your measurement. See “Adapter...
Page 90: Putting The Agilent 4294A Into The Preset State (Presetting)
, a power-on state file is loaded to restore 4294A the setting stored in the file if it has been saved in the mass storage of the Agilent We recommend that you to perform presetting by pressing the key each time you...
Page 91: Selecting Trace (Active Trace)
Selecting Trace (Active Trace) Selecting Trace (Active Trace) The Agilent 4294A can display the measurement results of one sweep measurement in two traces (waveforms) on the screen. These traces are called trace A and trace B. Various conditions or analyses can be applied to these traces independently, while others can be applied to them in common, such as the sweep range.
Page 92: Selecting Sweep Parameter
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Selecting Sweep Parameter Step 1. Press the key. [Sweep] Step 2. Press the key. PARAMETER [ ] Step 3. Select the desired sweep parameter Sweep parameter Key stroke Frequency FREQ Oscillator level (voltage or current) OSC LEVEL dc bias DC BIAS...
Page 93 Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Figure 5-1 Sweep by Frequency Figure 5-2 Sweep by signal source current level Chapter 5...
Page 94 Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Figure 5-3 Sweep by dc current bias (Constant dc bias current mode) Chapter 5...
Page 95: Selecting Linear, Log, Or List Sweep
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Step 1. Press the key to display the sweep menu. [Sweep] Step 2. Press the key to display the sweep type menu. TYPE [ ] Step 3.
Page 96 Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Linear, Log, or List Sweep Figure 5-4 Linear sweep Figure 5-5 Log (logarithm) sweep Chapter 5...
Page 97: Setting Sweep Range
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Setting Sweep Range Sweep range can be set by specifying either start and stop values or center and span values. NOTE The measurement range can be set to trace A and trace B in common. It is not necessary to select an active trace or to verify the current selection before setting the range.
Page 98: Setting Sweep Range With Marker
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. Step 3. Press the key. This will display the current setting for the sweep stop value in the [Stop] parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 4.
Page 99 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Setting sweep range Key stroke Set the difference in the sweep parameter value ® SPAN between the current main marker position and the delta marker position as the new sweep span value. PEAK ® CENTER more 1/2 Search the trace for a peak and specify a new...
Page 100 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Figure 5-7 After MKR ® CENTER Figure 5-8 Chapter 5...
Page 101 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Figure 5-9 Chapter 5...
Page 102: Using Time As Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep)
Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Setting the sweep span to zero allows you to perform a measurement with time as a sweep parameter. This kind of sweep is also called zero span sweep. Step 1.
Page 103 Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) keys. [Utility] MKR X-AXIS [ ] TIME Sweep parameters other than frequency can be selected in Step 3. In such a case, the fixed value for the signal source is reflected in the selected parameter in Steps 5 and 6. Settings for signal sources other than the fixed value in Steps 5 and 6 can be made in the signal source menu, which can be accessed by pressing the key.
Page 104 Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Figure 5-11 Sweep span value = 0 Hz (zero span sweep) Chapter 5...
Page 105: Setting Number Of Points (Nop)
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Number of Points (NOP) Setting Number of Points (NOP) Step 1. Press to display the sweep menu. [Sweep] Step 2. Press the key. This will display the current setting for number of NUMBER OF POINTS points in the parameter settings area in the upper-left part of the screen. Step 3.
Page 106 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Number of Points (NOP) Figure 5-13 Number of points: 801 Chapter 5...
Page 107: Selecting Sweep Direction
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Direction Selecting Sweep Direction DUT can be measured in the desired sweep direction when its characteristics has hysteresis with the sweep parameter. Step 1. Press the key to display the sweep menu. [Sweep] Step 2. Press the key to select the desired sweep direction (pressing the key toggles DIRECTION [ ] the direction).
Page 108: Manual Sweep (Measurement At A Specified Point)
Since the measurement point can be arbitrarily specified by the user, this function can be called a user-defined manual sweep. The Agilent 4294A will continue measurement (sweep) at the same point unless it is changed by the user. Follow the steps below to execute the manual sweep.
Page 109 Setting Measurement Conditions Manual Sweep (Measurement at a Specified Point) Figure 5-14 Manual Sweep Chapter 5...
Page 110: Setting Time Delay For Measurement
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Time Delay for Measurement Setting Time Delay for Measurement Time delay can be set for the period before sweep or actual measurement starts after the measurement signal is applied to DUT. This function is useful, for example, when a certain period is required before the characteristics of DUT become stable after the signal is applied.
Page 111: Setting With Sweep Time Delay
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Time Delay for Measurement Setting with sweep time delay Time delay can be set at the point before sweep starts. Step 1. Press the key to display the sweep menu. [Sweep] Step 2. Press the key to display the sweep time menu. TIME Step 3.
Page 112: Setting Fixed Frequency (Cw Frequency)
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Fixed Frequency (CW Frequency) Setting Fixed Frequency (CW Frequency) Follow the steps below to specify a fixed frequency for the signal source when the sweep parameter is any item other than frequency (i.e., oscillator level or dc bias). Step 1.
Page 113: Setting Oscillator Level
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Oscillator Level Setting Oscillator Level Follow the steps below to specify a fixed oscillator level (AC level) when the sweep parameter is any item other than oscillator level (i.e., frequency or dc bias). Step 1. Press the key to display the signal source menu.
Page 114: Selecting Unit For Oscillator Level (Voltage Or Current)
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Unit for Oscillator Level (Voltage or Current) Selecting Unit for Oscillator Level (Voltage or Current) Step 1. Press the key to display the signal source menu. [Source] Step 2. Press the key to select the unit for setting and displaying the oscillator level OSC UNIT [ ] (pressing the key toggles the selection).
Page 115: Setting And Applying Dc Bias
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias Setting and Applying dc Bias Follow the steps below to apply dc bias to DUT, regardless of whether you plan to sweep by dc bias. 1. Selecting dc bias mode Step 1. Press the key to display the signal source menu.
Page 116: Setting Limits For Dc Voltage
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias • Enter the desired value with the numeric keys ( , and ) and then press the unit key ( , or [G/n] [M/m] [k/m] [´1] • Turn the rotary knob ( m m m m ) until the desired value is set.
Page 117: Turning Dc Bias On Or Off
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting and Applying dc Bias range as narrow as possible without causing the error message “DCBIAS OVERLOAD” (error number: 137) to appear. An initial dc bias range of 1 mA is recommended for the first measurement when dc bias is applied. NOTE When you do not apply dc bias, always set the dc bias range to 1 mA, which is the preset setting.
Page 118 100 mA, the connected DUT requires a dc bias with a current that exceeds the maximum dc bias current (100 mA) provided by the Agilent 4294A. In this case, decrease the dc bias voltage level to avoid the error. Figure 5-15...
Page 119: Selecting A Method To Start Measurement (Trigger Source)
Step 3. Use the following keys to select the trigger source. Trigger source Key stroke Internal (continuous triggering automatically FREE RUN generated in the 4294A; also called free-run) External (triggering with a signal from the EXTERNAL external trigger input terminal on the rear panel)
Page 120: Selecting Sweep Trigger/Measurement Point Trigger
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Trigger/Measurement Point Trigger Selecting Sweep Trigger/Measurement Point Trigger You can select whether the event to be triggered (the trigger event) is a single sweep or a measurement at a single point. Step 1. Press the key to display the trigger menu.
Page 121: Selecting Polarity Of External Trigger Input Signal
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal You can specify the polarity of the signal given to the external trigger input terminal on the rear panel by following the procedure below. Step 1.
Page 122: Specifying Sweep Times And Stopping Sweep
Setting Measurement Conditions Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep You can specify the number of times sweeping is actually executed upon occurrence of a trigger. After sweeping is repeated the specified times, the sweeping is stopped and no further sweeping is executed by any trigger that may follow.
Page 123: Sweep With Unlimited Times (Continuous Sweep)
Setting Measurement Conditions Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep stopping (hold) state. No further sweeping can be triggered after it is stopped. NOTE When the internal trigger (free-run) is selected in “Selecting a Method to Start Measurement (Trigger Source)” on page 111, new sweeping starts immediately after step 3 above is performed, and sweeping is put into the stopping state after sweeping is repeated the number of times specified.
Page 124: Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges With Different Conditions In A Single Action (List Sweep)
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) If you select the linear sweep or log (logarithmic) sweep as the sweep type setting, the actual measurement points are automatically determined depending on the settings of the sweep range and the number of measurement points.
Page 125 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-16 Chapter 5...
Page 126: Preparing List Sweep Table
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-17 Preparing list sweep table Set the list sweep with the list sweep table. Step 1. Press the key to display the sweep menu. [Sweep] Step 2.
Page 127 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Figure 5-18 Step 3. Press the key to add a new segment to the list sweep table. This operation also displays the segment edit menu (1/3). The segment added to the list sweep table contains predefined initial values.
Page 128 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) The above setting will add a new value for the sweep stop or span frequency to the cell located in the segment raw and the sweep stop/span frequency column (START or CENTER) of the list sweep table in editing mode.
Page 129 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Step 15. Select the dc bias mode. dc bias mode Key stroke Voltage source (non-constant voltage mode) VOLT Current source (non-constant current mode) CURRENT Voltage source (constant voltage mode) VOLT CONSTANT Current source (constant current mode)
Page 130 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) unit key ( , or [G/n] [M/m] [k/m] [´1] • Turn the rotary knob ( m m m m ) until the desired value is set. •...
Page 131 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) Value area in the upper left part of the screen. Step 29. Use one of the following methods with the keys in the ENTRY block to set the pen number for the segment (an integer between 1 and 6).
Page 132: Selecting The List Sweep As The Sweep Type
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) previous segment are specified as initial values for the sweep start/stop frequencies (the same logic is applied to initial values for a sweep range specified with sweep center/span frequencies).
Page 133 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping Multiple Sweep Ranges with Different Conditions in a Single Action (List Sweep) (pressing the key toggles your selection). Softkey label Selected list span mode Single span (linear-scaled frequency is used for LIST SPAN [SINGLE] the horizontal axis, with the left end specified as the minimum frequency in the list sweep table and the right end as the maximum).
Page 134: Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, And Time
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Setting measurement bandwidth Step 1. Press the key to display the measurement bandwidth/averaging menu. [Bw/Avg] Step 2. Press the key to display the measurement bandwidth setting menu. BANDWIDTH [ ] Step 3.
Page 135: Averaging For Each Measurement Point (Point Averaging)
Point averaging averages each data point by a user-specified averaging factor. The Agilent 4294A repeatedly measures the same point until the averaging factor is reached. It then divides the vector summation of the measurement value by the averaging factor and starts measuring the next point.
Page 136 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Measurement Accuracy, Stability, and Time Equation 5-2 Point Averaging Algorithm å -- - where: M = Point averaging result (vector value) at the measurement point = Current measurement value (vector value) F = Point averaging factor (entered with key) POINT AVG FACTOR Perform the averaging factor setup as follows:...
Page 137: Calibration
Calibration This chapter describes calibration methods for the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer.
Page 138: Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method
Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method Selecting Appropriate Calibration Method The Agilent 4294A has three calibration types: user calibration, port extension compensation, and fixture compensation. Table 6-1 shows each device connection and its corresponding adapter selection and calibration. Calibration should be done according to the particular requirements of each device connection.
Page 139 42942A 42942A and 16092A Open/Short directly to the four-terminal Terminal 42942A and 16093A (perform when pair port of the 4294A, connect Adapter ( 42942A and 16093B user-defined a dedicated test fixture to the 42942A and 16191A calibration kit is 42942A...
Page 140 “Selecting Calibration/Compensation Data Points” on page 155 NOTE The user calibration data and fixture compensation data can be saved in the mass storage of the Agilent 4294A. For details, see “Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data” on page 270. Chapter 6...
Page 141: Calibration When Using Direct Connection Type Test Fixture
A. Calibration When Using Direct Connection Type Test Fixture This section describes the calibration procedures to follow when a direct connection type test fixture is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A and a device is connected to the test fixture contacts. Figure 6-1...
Page 142 Calibration A. Calibration When Using Direct Connection Type Test Fixture • 16089B Kelvin Clip Lead • 16089C Kelvin Clip Lead • 16089D Alligator Clip Lead • 16089E Kelvin Clip Lead Step 1. Make sure that the adapter selection is set to “No Adapter ( ).”...
Page 143: Calibration For Four-Terminal Pair, 1-M Extension
Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 1-m Extension This calibration procedure is applied to the following connections: • The 16048G (1-m Cable) is connected to the Agilent 4294A and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a test fixture. •...
Page 144: Fixture Compensation When The 16451B Is Used
OPEN standard (set to 0 H) 4294A These irregular settings are required because the standard value of the Agilent defined as a series circuit model of resistance (R) and inductance (L) as shown in Figure 6-9 on page 153, while the 16451B usually requires a parallel circuit of capacitance (C) and conductance (G) for LOAD compensation.
Page 145: Calibration For Four-Terminal Pair, 2-M Extension
Calibration for Four-terminal Pair, 2-m Extension This calibration procedure is applied to the following connections: • The 16048H (2-m Cable) is connected to the Agilent 4294A and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a test fixture. •...
Page 146 Calibration C. Calibration for Four-Terminal Pair, 2-m Extension Step 2. Perform the fixture compensation in accordance with “Fixture Compensation” on page 151. NOTE When the measurement port is extended by 2 meters with the four-terminal pair configuration, neither user calibration nor port extension compensation is required for measurement (they cannot be performed).
Page 147: Calibration When An Exclusive Fixture Is Connected To The 42942A
When an exclusive test fixture supplied by Agilent Technologies is connected to the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter, which is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, and a device is connected to the test fixture, perform the calibration procedure described below.
Page 148 “Fixture Compensation” on page 151 for the fixture compensation procedure. NOTE When an exclusive test fixture is connected to the 7-mm port of a 42942A that is also connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, port extension compensation is not required. Chapter 6...
Page 149: Calibration When The 7-Mm Port Of The 42942A Is Extended
E. Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended Perform the following calibration when the 7-mm port of a 42942A connected to the Agilent 4294A is extended with a one-port configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection. Figure 6-5 Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended Step 1.
Page 150 E. Calibration When the 7-mm Port of the 42942A is Extended NOTE In measurements using the 4294A, the electrical length (delay time) of a 42942A dedicated test fixture (such as 16092A) and 42941A’s dedicated probe adapter can be regarded as 0.
Page 151: Calibration When A Probe Adapter Is Connected To The 42941A
Perform the following calibration when a probe adapter supplied with the 42941A Impedance Probe is directly connected to the 3.5-mm port of the 42941A, which is connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, and a device is connected to the probe adapter.
Page 152 See “Fixture Compensation” on page 151 for the fixture compensation procedure. NOTE When a probe adapter is connected to the 3.5-mm port of a 42941A that is also connected to the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A, port extension compensation is not required. Chapter 6...
Page 153: Calibration When The 3.5-Mm Port Of The 42941A Is Extended
G. Calibration When the 3.5-mm Port of the 42941A is Extended Perform the following calibration when the 3.5-mm port of a 42941A connected to the Agilent 4294A is extended with a one-port configuration and the device is connected to the cable’s end with a minimal connection. Figure 6-7 Calibration When the 3.5-mm Port of the 42941A is Extended...
Page 154 “Port Extension Compensation” on page 150. NOTE In measurements using the Agilent 4294A, the electrical length (delay time) of a 42942A dedicated test fixture (such as 16092A) and 42941A’s dedicated probe adapter can be regarded as 0.
Page 155: User Calibration
Calibration User Calibration User Calibration User calibration can be performed only when “42942A Terminal Adapter ( )” 7mm 42942A or “42941A Impedance Probe ( )” is selected in the adapter setting. PROBE 42941A User Calibration Procedure Perform user calibration as follows: NOTE User calibration consists of three calibration data acquisition procedures: OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD, and you must obtain all three types of calibration data when performing user...
Page 156: Turning User Calibration On/Off
Defining Standard Values for User Calibration You can define standard values of OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD for user calibration. Figure 6-8 shows the circuit models of the user calibration kit for the Agilent 4294A. Figure 6-8 Circuit Models of User Calibration Kit Each calibration’s standard value can be confirmed and changed as follows:...
Page 157 Calibration User Calibration Step 2. Press the key to display the User Calibration Menu. USER CAL Step 3. Press the key to display the Calibration Data Definition Menu. DEFINE VALUE Step 4. Select one of the calibration data definition keys, OPEN CONDUCT(G) OPEN CAP(C) , or...
Page 158: Port Extension Compensation
Calibration Port Extension Compensation Port Extension Compensation Port extension compensation is used to compensate an error caused by the electrical delay when the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter or 3.5-mm port of the 42941A Impedance Probe is extended with a one-port configuration. Port extension compensation can be performed when “42942A Terminal Adapter ( )”...
Page 159: Fixture Compensation
OPEN compensation and fixture SHORT compensation. NOTE For the 4294A, because the sending and receiving ends of a measurement path are terminated with the characteristic impedance of 50 W at a measurement frequency of 15 MHz for no cable extension (direct connection type test fixture) or a measurement frequency of 5 MHz or higher for 1 m/2 m cable extension, the trace may contain a gap at 15 MHz (or 5 MHz).
Page 160 Calibration Fixture Compensation Step 6. Press the key to start OPEN compensation data measurement. OPEN During the compensation data measurement, the message “WAIT--MEASURING STANDARD” is displayed in the instrument state area of the LCD's upper-left side. When OPEN compensation data measurement is completed, the softkey label (if it is off) changes to OPEN on OFF OPEN ON off...
Page 161: Turning The Fixture Compensation On Or Off
LOAD ON off Defining the standard values for fixture compensation You can define standard values of OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD for fixture compensation. Figure 6-9 shows the circuit models of the fixture compensation kit used for the Agilent 4294A. Figure 6-9...
Page 162 Calibration Fixture Compensation Step 4. Select one of the compensation data definition keys, OPEN CONDUCT(G) OPEN CAP(C) , or , to SHORT RESIST(R) SHORT INDUCT(L) LOAD RESIST(R) LOAD INDUCT(L) confirm or set the compensation data definition. Compensation Data Definition Key Stroke Equivalent parallel conductance value (G) of OPEN CONDUCT(G) OPEN standard used for fixture compensation...
Page 163: Selecting Calibration/Compensation Data Points
Obtain calibration/compensation data at fixed COMP POINT [FIXED] frequency points covering the entire frequency range of the 4294A. In device measurement, user calibration or fixture compensation is applied to each measurement point by using interpolation. Even if the measurement points are changed by altering the sweep setups, you don't need to retake the calibration or compensation data.
Page 164: List Of Fixed Calibration/Compensation Frequency Points
100M, 102M, 104M, 106M, 108M, 110M NOTE The same frequency points are shown in different positions in Table 6-2 because calibration/compensation is performed at some frequency points depending on the different internal setups used with the Agilent 4294A. Chapter 6...
Page 165: Setting Up The Display Of Measurement Results
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results This chapter describes how to configure the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer to display the measurement results in the way that best suits your needs.
Page 166: Selecting The Measurement Parameters
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Measurement Parameters Selecting the Measurement Parameters Step 1. Press the key to display the Measurement Parameter menu. [Meas] Step 2. Select the measurement parameter for each trace with a keystroke shown in Table 7-1. Table 7-1 Selecting the Measurement Parameters To select:...
Page 167 Selecting the Measurement Parameters NOTE The Agilent 4294A preserves the graph axis formats, scale settings, data and memory trace contents, and trace definitions for each parameter (for example, Ls) unless it is turned off or reset to its preset state. This feature makes it easy to examine the DUT from various perspectives by switching among a number of measurement parameters.
Page 168: Selecting The Graph Axis Format
Selecting the Graph Axis Format When Using Cartesian Coordinates Unless the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B), it displays measurement results in a Cartesian-coordinate graph whose horizontal and vertical axes indicate the sweep and measurement parameter values, respectively.
Page 169 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format Figure 7-1 Vertical axis for |Z|: linear format Figure 7-2 Vertical axis for |Z|: logarithmic format Chapter 7...
Page 170: When Using Complex Parameters (Complex Z-Y)
Selecting the Graph Axis Format When Using Complex Parameters (COMPLEX Z-Y) When the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B), use the following procedure to select the graph axis formats: Step 1.
Page 171 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Graph Axis Format Figure 7-4 Polar chart whose Y axis indicates complex admittance (with only Trace B displayed) Chapter 7...
Page 172: Auto-Scaling The Trace
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Auto-scaling the Trace Auto-scaling the Trace Step 1. Activate the trace you want auto-scaled. To activate: Press: Trace A Trace B Step 2. Press the key to display the first page of the Scale Reference menu. [Scale Ref] Step 3.
Page 173 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Auto-scaling the Trace Figure 7-6 After auto-scaling NOTE When you have both the data and memory traces displayed, you can specify which trace type you want auto-scaled. For more information, refer to “Selecting the Target Trace Type (Data or Memory)”...
Page 174: Manual Scale Setting (For Measurements Other Than Complex Z-Y)
COMPLEX Z-Y) This section describes how to manually scale the active trace for a Cartesian-coordinate graph. Note that these procedures do not apply when the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B).
Page 175 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-7 Positioning the reference line NOTE The reference line is a horizontal dotted line displayed in the same color as the corresponding trace. At the left end of the reference line, a “ ”symbol is displayed in the same color.
Page 176 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-8 Setting the reference value NOTE Alternatively, when you have the main marker displayed on the trace, you can press the key to use the value at the marker position as the reference value. MKR ®...
Page 177: Scaling The Trace Based On The Top And Bottom Values
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-9 Setting the scale per division Scaling the Trace Based on the Top and Bottom Values Whether the vertical axis is linear or logarithmic, you can scale the trace by specifying the highest (top) and lowest (bottom) values displayed within the graph.
Page 178 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-10 Setting the top value Step 5. Press the value. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of the BOTTOM VALUE screen indicates the bottom value currently in effect, that is, the value that corresponds to the line displayed at the bottom of the graph.
Page 179 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manual Scale Setting (for measurements other than COMPLEX Z-Y) Figure 7-11 Setting the bottom value Chapter 7...
Page 180: Manually Scaling The Active Trace For A Complex Z-Y Graph
Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph This section describes how to manually scale the active trace when the Agilent 4294A is configured to perform a COMPLEX Z-Y measurement (complex impedance for Trace A, complex admittance for Trace B).
Page 181 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-12 Setting the X-axis reference value for a complex plane (for measuring complex impedance) Step 5. Press the key. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of REFERENCE Y VALUE the screen indicates the reference value currently in effect for the vertical (Y) axis;...
Page 182 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph impedance) Step 7. Press the key. The Parameter Setting field in the upper left area of the screen SCALE/DIV indicates the scale per division currently in effect. For a complex plane, both the vertical and horizontal axes use the same scale per division.
Page 183: Scaling The Active Trace For A Polar Chart
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-14 Setting the scale per division for a complex plane (for measuring complex impedance) Scaling the Active Trace for a Polar Chart When your graph is a polar chart, you can scale the active trace by specifying the full scale value, that is, the distance from the origin to the outermost circle.
Page 184 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Manually Scaling the Active Trace for a COMPLEX Z-Y Graph Figure 7-15 Setting the full scale value for a polar chart (for measuring complex impedance) NOTE Alternatively, when you have the main marker displayed on the trace, you can press the key to use the value at the marker position (i.e., the distance from MKR ®...
Page 185: Selecting The Target Trace Type (Data Or Memory)
SCALE FOR [MEMO] NOTE The Agilent 4294A provides a feature called “coupled scaling mode” that synchronizes the scale settings of the data and memory traces. When coupled scaling mode is on, changes made to the scale of the target trace type are also applied to the non-target trace type. For more information on coupled scaling mode, refer to “Enabling or Disabling Coupled...
Page 186: Enabling Or Disabling Coupled Scaling Mode
This feature, which is called “coupled scaling mode,” is enabled by default when the Agilent 4294A is in its preset state. However, there will be times when you want to apply different scale settings to each of the data and memory traces.
Page 187: Trace-Based Comparison And Calculation
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Traces A and B each provide two different trace types: data and memory. The data trace keeps track of the DUT's characteristics as it is being tested, while the memory trace captures the measurement data at a specific point in time and displays that data.
Page 188 Step 9. The Agilent 4294A provides a number of options that allow you to control how each trace is displayed. Select one of the following display options by pressing the appropriate key:...
Page 189 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Data trace Memory trace Press: (Hidden) MEMORY DATA DATA and MEMORY DATA - MEM (Hidden) DATA-MEMORY (Hidden) DELTA % DATA MEM – ----------------------------------- - ´ DATA/MEM (Hidden) DATA/MEM In the table above, DATA represents the current measurement data while MEM represents the data captured by pressing the key.
Page 190 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Figure 7-17 Measuring reference data for comparison (with constant frequency of 50 MHz) Figure 7-18 Comparing trace data (by selecting key) DATA MEMORY Chapter 7...
Page 191 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation Figure 7-19 Displaying differential from reference data (by selecting key) DATA - MEMORY Figure 7-20 Displaying differential percentage from reference data (by selecting key) DELTA % NOTE When the result of a calculation is displayed on the data trace, the Instrument Status area Chapter 7...
Page 192: Subtracting An Offset Value
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Trace-based Comparison and Calculation on the measurement screen indicates a simplified expression of the calculation. For more information, refer to “17. Instrument Status Area” on page 57. You can use the scaling and marker features with the memory trace in the same ways as you can with the data trace.
Page 193: Superimposing Multiple Traces
In its preset state, the Agilent 4294A plots a new trace while erasing the measuring points used for the last sweep cycle. If you prefer, you can configure the Agilent 4294A to plot a new trace without erasing any existing traces. This feature is called “trace superimpose.”...
Page 194: Comparing Traces Using The List Sweep Function
Traces A and B. Comparing traces using the list sweep function The list sweep in the Agilent 4294A sweeps multiple frequency sweep ranges (segments) under different conditions at one time. In the list sweep, by specifying the same sweep range for each segment to be set and setting the horizontal axis of the graph to a single span...
Page 195 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces Figure 7-23 Comparing traces using list sweep function (single span mode) Figure 7-24 Displaying Figure 7-23 in segment span mode (reference) NOTE For all traces drawn by the list sweep function, you can read their values by using the marker.
Page 196 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Superimposing Multiple Traces search within the segment (trace) only. For how to specify a partial search range in the list sweep, refer to “When the sweep type is list sweep:” on page 269. Chapter 7...
Page 197: Monitoring The Test Signal Level (Ac)
NOTE The Agilent 4294A does not monitor the test signal level until you start testing the DUT. Using the test signal level monitor feature in conjunction with a manual sweep allows you to both determine the characteristic value and monitor the test signal level at your desired measuring point.
Page 198: Using The Marker Feature To Determine The Test Signal Level
You can use the main marker to determine the test signal level at your desired point on the trace. Once you have turned on the test signal level monitor feature, the Agilent 4294A preserves the test signal level value monitored for each measuring point on the trace during the sweep cycle.
Page 199 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) (Trigger Source)” on page 111). Alternatively, you can use the continuous sweep mode by implementing a free run trigger. NOTE Marker-based level monitoring takes effect when you start a new sweep cycle after turning on the test signal level monitor feature.
Page 200 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the Test Signal Level (AC) Figure 7-26 Using the marker-based monitoring feature to simultaneously display voltage and current levels Chapter 7...
Page 201: Monitoring The Dc Bias Level
[Center] [Span] 4294A's internal dc bias power source. In most cases, however, the dc bias level actually applied to a DUT differs from the setting applied to the dc bias source because some electrical loss occurs between each test terminal and the DUT.
Page 202: Using The Marker Feature To Determine The Dc Bias Level
(voltage or amperage) at your desired point on the trace. Once you have turned on the dc bias level monitor feature, the Agilent 4294A preserves the dc bias level monitored for each measuring point on the trace during the sweep cycle. This allows you to identify the dc bias level monitored for each measuring point even with the sweep cycle in the hold state.
Page 203 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level Press: Monitor the dc bias voltage level VOLT Monitor the dc bias current level CURRENT Step 5. If the sweep cycle is currently in the hold state, specify the number of sweep cycles (see “Specifying Sweep Times and Stopping Sweep”...
Page 204 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Monitoring the dc Bias Level trace is currently active. Traces A and B are each associated with a field called “Marker Statistics/Trace Bandwidth Analysis.” Each of these fields can be used to display one of three types of marker-based monitoring information: the test signal voltage level, the test signal current level, and the dc bias level (voltage or current).
Page 205: Selecting The Phase Unit
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Selecting the Phase Unit Selecting the Phase Unit When you are performing phase-based measurement, you can specify whether to use degrees or radian as the phase unit applied to the scaling and marker features. Step 1.
Page 206: Displaying Phase Values Without Wrapping At ±180
Displaying Phase Values without Wrapping at ±180° Displaying Phase Values without Wrapping at ±180° The Agilent 4294A provides a feature that allows you to display phase values without wrapping them at +180° or -180°. This feature, called “expanded phase,” is useful when measured phase values are in a continuous increase or decrease and some of them exceed +180°...
Page 207: Hiding The Non-Active Trace
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Hiding the Non-active Trace Hiding the Non-active Trace When the screen is not split into upper and lower halves (see “Splitting the Graph” on page 200), Traces A and B appear on the same graph and may overlap each other, making it difficult to examine the DUT’s characteristics.
Page 208: Splitting The Graph
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Splitting the Graph Splitting the Graph You can split the display into upper and lower halves so that Traces A and B are each displayed on a separate graph. To split the display, follow these steps: Step 1.
Page 209 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Splitting the Graph Figure 7-30 Traces A and B with split display enabled NOTE Before you can turn on or off the split display feature, you must configure the screen assignments for HP Instrument BASIC by pressing the ALL INSTRUMENT key.
Page 210: Configuring The Screen Assignments For Hp Instrument Basic
Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC The Agilent 4294A can function as both an analyzer and an HP Instrument BASIC controller. You can specify which area of the screen should display the information related to HP Instrument BASIC (such as program and file lists or status data). To do this, follow these steps: Step 1.
Page 211 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC Figure 7-31 Entire screen assigned to analyzer functions Figure 7-32 Upper half assigned to analyzer functionality and lower half to HP Instrument BASIC Chapter 7...
Page 212 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Configuring the Screen Assignments for HP Instrument BASIC Figure 7-33 Entire screen assigned to HP Instrument BASIC Figure 7-34 Three status lines displayed for HP Instrument BASIC Chapter 7...
Page 213: Adding A Title To The Measurement Screen
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Adding a Title to the Measurement Screen Adding a Title to the Measurement Screen The measurement screen provides two title fields, each corresponding to Trace A or B. You can add descriptive text to these fields, and your entered titles are displayed in the same color as the corresponding trace.
Page 214 Adding a title to measurement screen NOTE As a more convenient alternative, if your Agilent 4294A is equipped with an external keyboard, you can enter a new title through the keyboard. When you finished entering a new title, just press the key on the keyboard to save the title.
Page 215: Customizing Intensity And Color Settings For Screen Display
Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display The Agilent 4294A allows you to customize the intensity and color settings applied to the items displayed on the screen. 4294A...
Page 216: Customizing The Color Of Each Screen Item
NOTE The background intensity affects the readability of softkey labels, thus the operability of the Agilent 4294A. Take care not to set the background intensity to an excessively high value. The factory default setting of the background intensity is 0%.
Page 217 Setting Up the Display of Measurement Results Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display To customize: Press: Pen 2 more 1/3 PEN 2 (#2 of the graphic drawing pen set Pen 3 more 1/3 more 2/3 PEN 3 (#3 of the graphic drawing pen set Pen 4 more 1/3 more 2/3...
Page 218: Resetting All Items To Factory Default Colors
1: white, pen 2: red, pen 3: yellow, pen 4: green, pen 5: cyan, and pen 6: blue. The brightness of the softkey labels affects their readability, thus the Agilent 4294A's operability. Take care not to set the softkey labels to an excessively low brightness.
Page 219: Analysis And Processing Of Result
Analysis and Processing of Result This chapter describes how to analyze the result of measurements by the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer and how to process the output result to the printer.
Page 220: Specify The Sweep Parameter Value And Read The Value On The Trace
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace The value at each point of the trace can be read using the marker 0, which is called the “main marker.”...
Page 221 Analysis and Processing of Result Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace Figure 8-1 Values read on the trace by the main marker NOTE When the marker movement is in non-complementary mode (when the softkey label displayed by pressing the key indicates ), the marker can move...
Page 222: Listing Data At Several Points On The Trace
Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Listing data at several points on the trace When the main marker (marker numbered 0) is used, data on the trace (sweep parameter value and measured value) are always displayed in the Marker Sweep Parameter Value and Marker Measurement Parameter Value fields in the right area of the screen.
Page 223: Listing The Marker Positions With The Marker List Function
Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Figure 8-2 Displaying the marker positions using the softkey labels of the sub-markers Listing the marker positions with the marker list function The marker position display provided by the softkey labels in the Sub-Marker Setting menu may not be usable if you want to show the display at all times because the softkey display changes depending on the keys you operate.
Page 224 Analysis and Processing of Result Listing data at several points on the trace Figure 8-3 Listing marker positions with the marker list function NOTE If “Use the upper and lower halves of the screen for analyzer functionality and HP Instrument BASIC, respectively” has been selected as the setting of the assignment of the HP Instrument BASIC screen, turning on the marker list function does not display the measured graph but instead the marker list in the upper half of the screen and the HP Instrument BASIC screen in the lower half of the screen.
Page 225: Reading The Difference From The Reference Point On The Screen (Delta Marker)
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) By placing the marker used as the reference at any point on the screen, you can set and display the positions (sweep parameter value and measurement parameter value) of the markers (main marker and sub-marker) based on relative values (differences) from the reference point.
Page 226: Moving The Delta Marker Alone To Place It At A Reference Point
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Delta marker mode Key operation Fixed delta marker mode (even if the FIXED DMKR trace changes, the delta marker is always fixed to a certain point on the graph;...
Page 227: Displaying The Main/Sub-Marker And Reading The Difference From The Reference Point
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) When you press the key, the current set value of the selected parameter indicating the delta marker position is displayed in the Setting Parameter Value field in the upper left area of the screen.
Page 228 Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) • “Specify the sweep parameter value and read the value on the trace” on page 212 • “Search the maximum/minimum measurements” on page 223 •...
Page 229 Analysis and Processing of Result Reading the difference from the reference point on the screen (delta marker) Figure 8-5 Displayed difference from the reference point in the fixed delta marker mode Chapter 8...
Page 230: Reading Actual Measurement Points Only/Reading Interpolated Values Between Measurement Points
Analysis and Processing of Result Reading actual measurement points only/reading interpolated values between measurement points Reading actual measurement points only/reading interpolated values between measurement points The preset setting allows you to read, in addition to actual measurement points on the trace, any point between measurement points by an interpolation calculation using the marker (for example, you can directly enter the sweep parameter value of the desired destination with the numeric keys to move the marker to that point).
Page 231: Search The Maximum/Minimum Measurements
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum measurements Search the maximum/minimum measurements Step 1. Activate the trace that you want to be searched. Active trace Key operation Trace A Trace B Step 2. Press the key to display the Search menu. If the main marker is not on the active [Search] trace, it appears at the position of the sweep center value on the trace.
Page 232 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum measurements Figure 8-7 Minimum search value by trace NOTE When the key is used for searching, one search is carried out TARGET PEAK for the trace when the key is pressed. If the search tracking function is on, search is executed every time a sweep is completed.
Page 233: Search The Point Of Target Measurement
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Search the point of target measurement You can use the target value search function to move the main marker in automatic mode to the point of the specified (target) measurement on the trace and to read the sweep parameter value at that point.
Page 234 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Figure 8-8 Result of target value search (Trace B) NOTE If multiple target values are present on the trace, the main marker moves to the target value of the measuring points that were closest to the main marker immediately before the target value search was executed.
Page 235 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the point of target measurement Figure 8-9 Right search after Figure 8-8 NOTE To place the sub-marker on the searched point, press the key located on the SUB MKR same target menu to display the sub-marker setting menu. Then select the desired sub-marker out of the seven sub-markers.
Page 236: Search The Maximum/Minimum Peak
Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Search the maximum/minimum peak The peak search function enables the main marker to be moved to the maximum or minimum point in automatic mode. Step 1. Activate the trace to be searched. Active Trace Key operation Trace A...
Page 237 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Peak menu to also place the sub-marker at that peak. This key is equivalent to SUB MKR key on the Marker menu displayed by pressing the key. For how to SUB MKR [Marker] use the sub-marker, refer to “Listing data at several points on the trace”...
Page 238 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Figure 8-11 Search the next peak after Figure 8-10 using the NEXT PEAK Figure 8-12 Search the right-hand peak after Figure 8-11 using the NEXT PEAK RIGHT key Chapter 8...
Page 239 Analysis and Processing of Result Search the maximum/minimum peak Figure 8-13 Search the left-hand peak after Figure 8-11 using the NEXT PEAK LEFT Step 5. Read the value displayed in the marker sweep parameter value area on the screen. NOTE When the key is used for searching, one search is carried out TARGET...
Page 240: Define The Peak
Define the Peak When peaks are defined, unwanted peaks can be excluded so that only the peaks matching the definition are detected. In Figure 8-14, the Agilent 4294A peaks are defined. Figure 8-14 Defining the Peak Definition of peak polarity Define the peak polarity according to the following steps: Step 1.
Page 241: Define Peak Sharpness
Analysis and Processing of Result Define the Peak Softkey label Selected peak polarity Negative (if the measurement at that point is PEAK PLRTY [NEG] smaller than the measurement of the adjacent measuring points, it is regarded as a peak) Define peak sharpness The following steps are used to define the peak sharpness: Step 1.
Page 242 Analysis and Processing of Result Define the Peak “Search the maximum/minimum peak” on page 228. It should be noted, however, that a definition must be set in advance by using the key and PEAK DEF DX PEAK DEF DY to ensure that the target peak is searched. To ensure that all peaks are detected, perform peak search after setting the peak Y value to zero using the PEAK DEF DY...
Page 243: Automatically Performing Search For Each Sweep (Search Tracking)
Analysis and Processing of Result Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking) Automatically performing search for each sweep (search tracking) In the preset setting, the maximum value/minimum value search, target value search, or peak search function is executed only once when the corresponding key (MAX key, MIN key, and so on) is pressed.
Page 244: Analyze Trace Bandwidth
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Analyze trace bandwidth The Agilent 4294A can automatically derive the parameters called bandwidth, center value, Q value, peak, L, and R from the measurement trace. At the instant when the trace bandwidth analysis function is turned on and at the...
Page 245 Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Table 8-2 Definitions of parameters in trace bandwidth analysis Parameter Definition Bandwidth: Indicates the interval of sweep parameter values at two cutoff points (width = interval between sub-markers 2 and 3 in Figure 8-15). This definition does not depend on the D marker mode.
Page 246: Define The Cutoff Point In Trace Bandwidth Analysis
“Define the cutoff point in trace bandwidth analysis” on page 238. Define the cutoff point in trace bandwidth analysis When trace bandwidth analysis is performed, the Agilent 4294A searches for the cutoff points on both sides with respect to the sweep parameter shaft starting from the main marker position.
Page 247: Setting The Delta Marker In The Trace Bandwidth Analysis
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Step 4. Select the definition of the cutoff point in trace bandwidth analysis from the following: Key operation Definition of cutoff point MKRVAL/(Ö2) MKRVAL ------------------------ - MKRVAL*(Ö2) ´ MKRVAL MKRVAL/2 MKRVAL ------------------------ - Fixed value (specified by numerical value) FIXED VALUE 1.
Page 248: Implement Trace Bandwidth Analysis
Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth bandwidth analysis. Delta marker mode Key operation Fixed delta marker mode FIXED DMKR Tracking delta marker mode TRACING DMKR DMKR OFF Delta marker off When you have selected the delta marker mode, the delta marker (D) appears at the main marker position on the trace.
Page 249 Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth Bandwidth Analysis Result area on the right of the screen. Figure 8-16 Trace bandwidth analysis result NOTE If the trace bandwidth analysis function is turned on, the straight line showing the cutoff line is displayed parallel to the sweep parameter axis.
Page 250 Analysis and Processing of Result Analyze trace bandwidth peak value. If the two cutoff points cannot be found by trace bandwidth analysis, the message TARGET VALUE NOT FOUND will appear in the upper left area of the screen. If a partial search range is specified by following “Specify partial search range” on page 267, trace bandwidth analysis will be executed within that range.
Page 251: Set The Marker Separately For Either Trace A Or B
Analysis and Processing of Result Set the marker separately for either trace A or B Set the marker separately for either trace A or B In setting the preset time, marker setting procedures are applied to both traces A and B (for example, movements of the main marker are common to traces A and B).
Page 252: Selecting Target Trace (Data Or Memory) For Marker Analysis
Selecting target trace (data or memory) for marker analysis The Agilent 4294A provides the data trace and memory trace for both trace A and trace B, which you can use to display measured data. Note that, in the preset setting, the target for the analysis using the maker is the data trace (all operations such as moving the marker and displaying data are applied to the data trace).
Page 253: Selecting The Sweep Parameter Value Of The Marker Display As Time From Start Or Relaxation Time
Analysis and Processing of Result Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time You can use the following procedure to select how the sweep parameter value is displayed in the Marker Sweep Parameter Value field: time relative to the sweep start or relaxation time.
Page 254 Analysis and Processing of Result Selecting the sweep parameter value of the marker display as time from start or relaxation time Figure 8-18 Marker X-axis display: Time from start Chapter 8...
Page 255: Clearing (Turning Off) The Marker From The Screen
Analysis and Processing of Result Clearing (turning off) the marker from the screen Clearing (turning off) the marker from the screen This section describes how to turn off each marker or all markers on the screen. Turning off the sub-markers Follow these steps to turn off each sub-marker (markers numbered 1 to 7).
Page 256: Turning Off All (Main/Sub/Delta) Markers At One Time
MKR on OFF NOTE While markers are turned off, their positions and other marker-related settings reside in the Agilent 4294A, unless you preset using the key or turn off the power. Thus, [Preset] turning on the markers using the MKR on OFF key will restore previous marker settings.
Page 257: Calculate The Equivalent Circuit Parameter And Simulate The Frequency Characteristics
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics The Agilent 4294A is provided with four types of 3-element equivalent circuits and one type of 4-element equivalent circuits. It is possible to calculate the equivalent circuit parameter based on the sample measurement results as well as to display the frequency characteristics on the screen based on the input equivalent circuit parameter.
Page 258 Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics Figure 8-19 Equivalent circuit diagram display Step 6. Press the key to display the Equivalent Circuit Select menu. SELECT CIRCUIT Step 7. Select the equivalent circuit with key Table 8-3 Selection of equivalent circuit Equivalent circuit model...
Page 259 Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics Table 8-3 Selection of equivalent circuit Equivalent circuit model Typical frequency characteristics Sample (example) Resonator 1. Measurement parameter: | Z | - q, Sweep type: log, Vertical axis: | Z | is log and q is linear 2.
Page 260: Simulate The Frequency Characteristics Based On The Equivalent Circuit Parameter
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics When the equivalent circuit parameter has been calculated based on the result of sample measurement, we recommend that frequency characteristics be simulated based on the equivalent circuit parameter by following the procedures to “Simulate the frequency characteristics based on the equivalent circuit parameter”...
Page 261 Analysis and Processing of Result Calculate the equivalent circuit parameter and simulate the frequency characteristics value field in the upper left area of the screen. Step 10. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the parameter value.
Page 262: Calculating The Mean Value, Standard Deviation, And Peak-To-Peak Of The Trace
Analysis and Processing of Result Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace A function is provided to automatically calculate the statistics (mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak value) of the trace data and display them. If the partial search function is on, statistics are calculated for the specified search range.
Page 263 Analysis and Processing of Result Calculating the mean value, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak of the trace Figure 8-22 Statistics display of trace NOTE Each time a single sweep is completed, the statistics are calculated and the display is updated. In Figure 8-22 on page 255, the trace statistics display function is used to obtain the peak-to-peak value (difference between the minimum value and the maximum value).
Page 264: Set A Limit To The Trace And Make Pass/Fail Evaluation
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Set a limit line (a line to indicate the upper and lower limits of the trace) to the data trace. If the measurement is within the specified range, it is evaluated as having passed the test.
Page 265 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Step 2. Activate the trace for testing the limit line. Active Trace Key operation Trace A Trace B Step 3. Press the key to display the main marker on the trace. [Marker] NOTE The limit line table can be set without displaying the marker.
Page 266 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • Press the step keys ([][¯]) to set the desired value. This setting allows a new start value to be written for the start value string (START) on the line of the segment being edited in the limit line table.
Page 267 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • Enter the value using the numeric keys ( through ) and then press a unit key ( , or [G/n] [M/m] [k/m] [´1] • Turn the rotary knob ( ) to the right or left to set the value.
Page 268 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation (2) Move the main marker to the position of the segment stop value using the rotary knob ) or the step keys ( m m m m [][¯] (3) Key operations of allow the...
Page 269 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Limit line table edit function Key operation Add a new segment to the end of the selected segment and start the edit mode of the segment.
Page 270: Conduct The Limit Line Test
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Conduct the limit line test After completing the limit line table, conduct the limit line test according to the following procedure. Step 1. Press the key to display the system menu.
Page 271 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Figure 8-27 Limit line test function ON (example of rejection by test) NOTE When the limit line test is turned on, the test result (pass/fail) is output as a PASS/FAIL signal through the 24-bit I/O port of the rear panel.
Page 272: Move The Limit Line In Vertical And Horizontal Directions On The Screen
Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation • In the even of a failure, the limit line test fail bit of the GP-IB status byte is set to “1.” For more information on the GP-IB status byte, refer to Programming Manual. Figure 8-28 Limit line table editing with limit line test function Move the limit line in vertical and horizontal directions on the screen...
Page 273 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Figure 8-29 Limit line movement by offset (+ 1 kHz) Step 6. Press the key to display the current measurement parameter offset AMPLITUDE OFFSET for the limit line in the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen. Step 7.
Page 274 Analysis and Processing of Result Set a limit to the trace and make pass/fail evaluation Figure 8-30 Limit line movement by offset (- 10 degrees) NOTE Pressing the MKR ® AMP. OFST. key allows the measurement parameter value at the main marker position to be substituted into the measurement parameter offset value of the limit line.
Page 275: Specify Partial Search Range
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range Specify partial search range Under the presetting conditions, the maximum value search ( ), the [Search] minimum value search ( ), target value search ( ), peak [Search] [Search] TARGET search ( ) and equivalent circuit analysis ( [Search] PEAK...
Page 276 Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range Figure 8-31 Minimum value search by turning on partial search range NOTE The partial search range cannot be set in excess of the preset sweep range. If you turn on the partial search function using the key before PART SRCH on OFF entering the partial search range, you can set the partial search range while checking the...
Page 277: When The Sweep Type Is List Sweep
Analysis and Processing of Result Specify partial search range When the sweep type is list sweep: Step 1. Activate the trace in which you want to specify a partial search range. Active Trace Key operation Trace A Trace B Step 2. Press the key to display the Search menu.
Page 278: Save And Recall The Agilent 4294A Internal Data
Agilent 4294A internal data flow Figure 8-32 4294A internal data flow Table 8-4 shows the types of internal data provided by the Agilent 4294A and the methods used to save these data. Table 8-4 Agilent 4294A internal data and saving methods...
Page 279: Save The Setting State, Calibration Data And Memory Array (State Save)
The following steps are used to save the setting state, calibration data (user calibration data and graphic compensation data), and memory array (memory data before being sent to the memory trace through measurement parameter conversion) except for the Agilent 4294A adapter setup data: Step 1.
Page 280 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Storage device Key operation Non-volatile memory disk (flash memory) FLASH MEMORY NOTE When using the floppy disk drive, make sure a disk is first inserted in the drive. If the floppy disk is set to “Write Protect,”...
Page 281: Save The Calibration Data And Trace Data (Data Save)
The storage device selection using [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 - MASS STORE [ ] applicable when using the storage devices of the Agilent 4294A through the HP Instrument BASIC function. It is different from the storage device selection using the STORE DEV [ ] key.
Page 282 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Step 7. Select the save on/off for the following data (toggle keys): Type data saved Softkey label Calibration data (user calibration and fixture (ON, save) CAL ON off...
Page 283: Using Files Saved In The Text (Ascii) Format With The Data Save Function
The calibration data and trace data saved in binary format does not contain setting information such as the sweep range or number of sweep points. Accordingly, to recall the data and use it correctly on the Agilent 4294A, save the setting state using the STATE saving function.
Page 284 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-5 Example of data saved in the text (ASCII) format 4294A REV1.01 "DATE: Nov 1 1999" "MEASURE PARAMETER: IMPEDANCE MAG PHASE (DEG)" "ADAPTER: NONE" "SWEEP TYPE: LIN FREQ"...
Page 285 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Structure of data saved in the text format Table 8-6 shows the structure of data saved in the text format. The data is divided into 2 sections: status block and data block. The data block is further divided into 2 parts: instrument setup part and data part.
Page 286 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data expressed as an underscore (_). Strings including instrument setups and data array names are enclosed with double quotation marks ("). At the end of each line, the linefeed code is inserted.
Page 287 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data calibration data and the fixture compensation data. Table 8-7 Example of calibration data saved in the data part "Cal Point: FIXED" Ü Ü "Frequency"_"Comp[open] Real"_"Comp[open] Imag"_"Comp[short] Real"_"Comp[short] Imag"...
Page 288 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Contents of the data part when saving the data array Table 8-9 is an example of the data part when specifying saving the data array. Table 8-9...
Page 289 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-12 shows the contents of the saved memory array. Table 8-12 Contents of the memory array Setup and data array Description name "TRACE: A" Type of trace "FORMAT: LOG"...
Page 290 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-15 is an example of the data part when specifying saving the memory trace array. Table 8-15 Example of the memory trace array data saved in the data part (part of trace A) "TRACE: A"...
Page 291 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Data contents saved in the trace data Depending on the specified measurement parameter, the contents saved in the trace data vary. The data array (Data Real and Data Imag) are always used to save the R and X values (data before the measurement parameter conversion or data operation).
Page 292 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Table 8-18 Specified measurement parameter and saved data Measurement Trace A Trace B parameter Data Real Data Data Data Data Real Data Data Data Imag Trace Trace...
Page 293: Saving A Data Array In Touchstone Format
Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Saving a data array in touchstone format You can save 4294A's data array as a file in the touchstone format, based on the 1 port model, in a storage device. Step 1. Press the key to display the save menu.
Page 294: Using A File Saved In Touchstone Format
ADS, refer to the ADS's users manual. File Structure In the case of the HP 4294A, the data array is saved as S parameters of the 1-port model in a touchstone-format file. Table 8-19 shows an example of data saved in the touchstone format.
Page 295 Description Indicates that this line is the option line. <Frequency unit> Indicates the frequency unit. For the 4294A, it is fixed to kHz. <Parameter> Specifies the type of parameters in data lines. For the 4294A, "S" is specified that indicates the S parameter.
Page 296: Saving Display Screen (Graphics Save)
A phase of the S parameter. Saving display screen (GRAPHICS save) You can save the screen displayed on the 4294A in the TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) format. It is useful when you want to import measurement result graphs onto software on your PC and using them.
Page 297 The setting of the storage device you select using [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 - is applied when using the 4294A's storage devices from the HP MASS STORE [ ] Instrument BASIC function, and it is different from the selection of the storage device using the key here.
Page 298: Overwrite On The File To Be Saved
GPIB command for save (SAVDTIF) via [Save] GPIB or LAN to the 4294A or use the get command of the FTP (File Transfer Protocol) function to acquire the screen display file "screen.tif" on the 4294A's dynamic data disk via LAN into an external computer.
Page 299: Create A File For Automatic Setting When Power Is On
Step 7. Use the softkey to select the file to be overwritten and start overwriting. Create a file for automatic setting when power is on When power to the Agilent 4294A is turned on, the system is set to a state normally called “power on default setting,” which is one of the default settings.
Page 300: Recall The Saved File
Recall the saved file You can use the following steps to recall the data stored in the Agilent 4294A storage device according to “Save the setting state, calibration data and memory array (State Save)”...
Page 301 Analysis and Processing of Result Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data Step 5. When the file to be recalled is not displayed as a softkey label, use the following method to indicate the file as a softkey label: •...
Page 302: Print The Measurement Results And Internal Data With A Printer
Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Connect a printer to the printer board located on the rear panel of the Agilent 4294A. This allows you to print a graphic representation of the measurement result, a list of the measurements, and a list of setting statuses.
Page 303 Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer 1. The printing color may differ from that on the screen owing to the limitations of the ink of your printer. For the setup procedures for color on the screen, see “Customizing Intensity and Color Settings for Screen Display”...
Page 304: Print The Measurements In Graphic Representation
Before printing, set up the print format according to “Set the print form (color, resolution and how to handle the paper)” on page 294. Step 1. Connect the printer to the printer board of the Agilent 4294A rear panel and make the printer ready for operation.
Page 305 Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer the Copy Data menu is also indicated. Print contents Key operation List of measurement parameter values LIST VALUE (measurement values) List of measurement conditions OPERATING PARAMETERS Data definition list of user calibration kit CAL KIT VALUE Data definition list of fixture compensation kit...
Page 306 Analysis and Processing of Result Print the measurement results and internal data with a printer Figure 8-34 List of measurement conditions Step 4. While checking the print contents displayed on the screen, select the time stamp and display/print form. Scroll the screen to check print contents. Key operation Display the next page.
Page 307: Setting/Using Control And Management Functions
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions This section describes how to set/use the control and management functions of the Agilent 4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer that are not directly related to measurements or analysis.
Page 308: Re-Displaying An Instrument Message
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Re-displaying an Instrument Message Re-displaying an Instrument Message A message displayed in the instrument message area will be overwritten by the next message displayed. Also, the message currently displayed disappears when the [Entry Off] key is pressed. Follow these steps to re-display and check instrument messages previously displayed.
Page 309: Setting/Checking The Internal Clock
Setting/Checking the Internal Clock Setting/Checking the Internal Clock The Agilent 4294A has a built-in clock that maintains the current date and time. This internal clock is used for time stamps when outputting to a printer (printing the date and time), for recording the date and time when saving internal data or HP Instrument BASIC programs to a file, and for other functions requiring date/time recording.
Page 310: Setting/Checking The Time
“Year” can be set to an integer ranging from 1900 through 2099. Step 11. Press the key to save the month/day/year data set in Steps 5 through 10 in the Agilent done 4294A and to return to the Internal Clock menu.
Page 311 “hour,” “minute,” and “second” data set in Steps 4 through done 9 in the Agilent 4294A and to return to the Internal Clock menu. NOTE When you want to cancel the setting of the time, press the...
Page 312: Setting The Built-In Speaker (Beep Sound)
Setting the Built-in Speaker (Beep Sound) Setting the Built-in Speaker (Beep Sound) The Agilent 4294A has a built-in speaker to output beep sounds. The beep sound functions are classified into the following three groups. You can set each of them on or off.
Page 313: Managing Files
(flash memory). This section describes how to manage data files with these devices. For how to save and recall internal data, refer to “Save and Recall the Agilent 4294A Internal Data” on page 270.
Page 314 Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files To create a new directory in a location other than the current directory, press the key to display the Filename Select menu. CHANGE DIRECTORY Step 7. Use the following softkeys to move from the current directory to the directory under which you want to create a new directory.
Page 315: Copying A File
Copying a File Follow these steps to copy (duplicate) a file stored in any storage device of the Agilent 4294A. Step 1. If a copy source file is on a floppy disk or if you create a copy destination file on a floppy disk, insert this floppy disk into the floppy disk drive.
Page 316 Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Managing Files target file as a softkey label. • You can scroll the softkey label file/directory list by using the softkeys on the File Selection menu. Function Key operation Displays the previous page of the list. PREV FILES Displays the next page of the list.
Page 317 1/3 - MASS STORE Åm ] The IBASIC Mass Storage menu manages the setting to be used for the storage devices of the Agilent 4294A through the HP Instrument Basic functions. Pressing the key returns the display to the File Selection menu.
Page 318: Deleting A File Or Directory
Deleting a File or Directory Follow these steps to delete a file or directory on a storage device of the Agilent 4294A. Step 1. To delete a file or directory on a floppy disk, insert it into the floppy disk drive.
Page 319: Initializing A Recording Medium
In either case, the screen returns to the File Utilities menu. cancel Initializing a Recording Medium Recording media used by the storage devices of the Agilent 4294A can be initialized (formatted) by following these steps. NOTE Initializing a recording medium deletes all data (including filenames and directory names) currently stored in the medium.
Page 320 If you do not want to start the initialization of the medium, press the key. cancel NOTE The initialization function of the Agilent 4294A supports 3.5-inch 1.44 MB floppy disks only. The initialization is performed according to the DOS format. Chapter 9...
Page 321: Setting/Checking The Gpib
Switching between the System Controller Mode and Addressable-only Mode When you use the Agilent 4294A in an GPIB system, you have to specify whether to use it as the system controller (system controller mode) or in the state where addressing is always made from other devices (addressable-only mode).
Page 322: Setting/Checking The Lan
Setting/Checking the LAN Setting/Checking the LAN This section describes how to set or check the addresses necessary to use the Agilent 4294A's LAN (Local Area Network) functions. For more information on the use of the LAN, refer to the Programming Manual.
Page 323: Setting/Checking The Gateway Address
The 4th part of the IP address can be set to an integer ranging from 0 through 255. Step 11. Press the key to store the IP address data set in Steps 3 through 10 in the Agilent done 4294A and to return to the Local menu.
Page 324 The previous gateway address setting remains without changes. done Step 12. Reboot the Agilent 4294A. This will put the entered gateway address into effect. When you set the LAN addresses (IP address, gateway address, and subnet mask) at one time, you need to cycle power only after the completion of all settings to put all of the LAN addresses into effect.
Page 325: Setting/Checking The Subnet Mask
Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Setting/Checking the LAN Setting/Checking the Subnet Mask Follow these steps to set or check the subnet mask. The subnet mask is delimited into four parts by periods; each part is independently set. Step 1. Press the key to display the Local menu.
Page 326: Checking The Mac Address
MAC address. You can check the MAC address with the sticker above the LAN port on the Agilent 4294A's rear panel. For the location of the LAN port on the rear panel, refer to “4. LAN Port” on page 51.
Page 327: Checking The Firmware Version
Checking the Firmware Version Checking the Firmware Version You can check the version of the installed firmware (a built-in program to control the Agilent 4294A) by either of the following two methods. Checking by Key Operation Step 1. Press the key to display the System menu.
Page 328: Performing Self-Diagnosis Of The Agilent 4294A
When executing the self-diagnosis, “Svc” appears in the instrument status area in the left-most area of the screen to indicate that the Agilent 4294A is in service mode status. If you measure a DUT in this service mode status, you cannot obtain a correct measurement result that meets the specifications.
Page 329 Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A currently selected test item is displayed in the set parameter value field in the upper left area of the screen. Step 3. Use the keys or rotary knob of the ENTRY block in one of the following ways to specify the test number for the item whose result you want to check.
Page 330 Setting/Using Control and Management Functions Performing Self-Diagnosis of the Agilent 4294A Chapter 9...
Page 331: Specifications And Supplemental Performance Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics...
Page 332: Basic Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Specifications describe the instrument's warranted performance over the temperature range of 0°C to 40°C (except as noted). Supplemental performance characteristics are intended to provide information that is useful for applying non-warranted performance parameters to the instrument.
Page 333 Basic Characteristics ± [(10 + 0.05 ´ f)% + 1 mV] (at 23 ± 5°C) at four-terminal pair port of the 4294A or 7-mm port of the 42942A ± [(15 + 0.1 ´ f)% + 1 mV] (at 23 ± 5°C)
Page 334: Dc Bias Function
Voltage monitor accuracy ± (10 + 0.05 ´ f + 100/Z at four-terminal pair port of ) [%] the 4294A or 7-mm port of (at 23 ± 5°C, typical) the 42942A ± (10 + 0.15 ´ f + 100/Z at measurement port of the...
Page 335 Vmon: dc voltage bias monitor reading value [mV] Imon: dc current bias monitor reading value [mA] Zd = 0.3 (at four-terminal pair port of the 4294A, adapter setup: NONE) Zd = 2.0 (at 3.5 mm port of the 42941A, adapter setup: 42941A Impedance Probe) Zd = 0.5 (at 7-mm port of the 42942A, adapter setup: 42942A Terminal Adapter)
Page 336: Sweep Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-1 dc Bias Range (SPC) Sweep Characteristics Available sweep parameters Frequency, signal voltage, signal current, dc bias voltage, dc bias current Sweep types Linear, log , list , zero-span, manual Manual sweep Available for all sweep types Sweep directions Up-sweep, down-sweep...
Page 337: Measurement Time
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Measurement Time Figure 10-2 Measurement Time (SPC) NOTE When the 42941A Impedance Probe or the 42942A Terminal Adapter is used, measurement time is 1.5 times longer than the value shown in Figure 10-2. Trigger Function Trigger types Continuous, single, number of groups...
Page 338: Adapter Setup
Measurement Accuracy Accuracy Specifications Temperature Four-terminal pair port of 23 ± 5°C the 4294A’s front panel Beyond 23 ± 5°C, the measurement accuracy decreases to half the value described. 7-mm port of the Within ± 5°C from the adapter setup temperature.
Page 339 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics 3.5-mm port of the Within ± 5°C from the adapter setup temperature. 42941A Impedance Measurement accuracy applies when the adapter Probe setup is performed at 23 ± 5°C. When the adapter setup is performed beyond 23 ± 5°C, the measurement accuracy decreases to half the value described.
Page 340 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at Four-terminal Pair Port Equation 10-1 shows the impedance measurement accuracy [%] at the four-terminal pair port of the Agilent 4294A or at the measurement port of the 16048G, 16048H. Equation 10-1 Impedance Measurement Accuracy [%] at four-terminal pair port æ...
Page 341 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at oscillator level > 64 mV, æ ö ´ --------- - 1 0.03 – £ 125 mV è ø at oscillator level £ 64 mV æ ö --------- - 1 ´ – 0.03 è...
Page 342 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at measurement BW = 5 at measurement BW = 4 at measurement BW = 3 frequency £ 1 MHz frequency > 1 MHz at measurement BW = 2 frequency £ 1 MHz frequency > 1 MHz at measurement BW = 1 frequency £...
Page 343 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics f: frequency in MHz. VmV: oscillator level in mV. Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 7-mm Port of the 42942A Equation 10-2 shows the impedance measurement accuracy [%] at the 7-mm port of the 42942A Terminal Adapter. Equation 10-2 Impedance Measurement Accuracy [%] at 7-mm Port of 42942A æ...
Page 344 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at oscillator level £ 125 mV --------- - [%] = at measurement BW = 5 at measurement BW = 4 frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.03 frequency < 50 kHz 0.06 at measurement BW = 3 frequency ³...
Page 345 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Equation 10-3 Impedance Measurement Accuracy [%] at 3.5-mm Port of 42941A æ ö -------- - × ´ è ø Where, POSC ´ ´ ´ ´ Yo, Ep, Zs: see Figure 10-3 on page 340 [%] = posc at oscillator level >...
Page 346 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics frequency ³ 50 kHz 0.03 frequency < 50 kHz 0.06 at measurement BW = 3 frequency ³ 50 kHz frequency < 50 kHz at measurement BW = 2 frequency ³ 50 kHz frequency < 50 kHz at measurement BW = 1 frequency ³...
Page 347 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics at frequency £ 1 MHz < 5 at frequency > 1 MHz, ´ -- - £ 5 MHz at frequency > 5 MHz, ´ ----- - £ 30 MHz at frequency > 30 MHz Residual part Residual impedance -------- -...
Page 348 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Parameters Yo , Ep , and Zs Figure 10-3 Parameters Yo , Ep , and Zs Chapter 10...
Page 349 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Examples of Calculated Impedance Measurement Accuracy Figure 10-4 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at Four-terminal Pair Port of Agilent 4294A’s Front Panel (Oscillator Level = 0.5 Vrms) Chapter 10...
Page 350 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-5 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 7-mm Port of 42942A Terminal Adapter Connected to the Agilent 4294A (Oscillator Level = 0.5 Vrms) Chapter 10...
Page 351 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Figure 10-6 Impedance Measurement Accuracy at 3.5-mm port of 42941A Impedance Probe Connected to the Agilent 4294A (Oscillator Level = 0.5 Vrms) Chapter 10...
Page 352: Display Functions
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Display Functions Display Size/Type 8.4 inch color LCD (TFT) 640 ´ 480 (VGA) Resolution (pixels) Scale types X-axis scale Linear and log Y-axis scale Linear and log (depending on sweep type) Number of traces Data trace 2 traces (trace A and trace B) Memory trace...
Page 353: Equivalent Circuit Analysis
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Equivalent Circuit Analysis Circuit models 3-component model (4 models), 4-component model (1 model) Analysis types Equivalent circuit parameters calculation, frequency characteristics simulation Limit Line Test Available setup parameters for Sweep start value, sweep stop value, upper limit each segment (middle value) and lower limit (delta limit) for sweep start, upper limit (middle value) and lower limit (delta...
Page 354: Gpib
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics GPIB Standard conformity IEEE 448.1-1987, IEEE 488.2-1987, IEC 625, JIS C 1901-1987 Available functions (function SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C1, C2, C3, C4, C11, E2 code) Numeric data transfer formats ASCII, 32- or 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point format, DOS PC format (32-bit IEEE reversed byte order)
Page 355 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Number of I/O bits 8 bits for input or output, 16s bit for output Pin Assignment (see Figure 10-8 and Table 10-1) Figure 10-8 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Table 10-1 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Pin No.
Page 356: Lan Interface
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Basic Characteristics Table 10-1 24-Bit I/O Port Pin Assignment Pin No. Signal Name Signal Standard Input/Output port C0 TTL level, latch output Input/Output port C1 TTL level, latch output Input/Output port C2 TTL level, latch output Input/Output port C3 TTL level, latch output Input/Output port D0...
Page 357: General Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics General Characteristics External Reference Input Frequency 10 MHz ± 10 ppm (typical) Level - 5 dBm to + 5 dBm (typical) 50 W (nominal) Input impedance Connector type BNC (female) Internal Reference Output Frequency 10 MHz (nominal) Level...
Page 358: External Program Run/Cont Input
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-9 Required Pulse Width (Tp) for External Trigger Input External Program RUN/CONT Input Level Connector type BNC (female) External Monitor Output Connector type D-SUB, 15-pin HD 640 ´ 480 (VGA) Display resolution (pixels) Operating Conditions Temperature Disk drive...
Page 359: Non-Operating Conditions
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Non-operating Conditions Temperature - 20°C to + 60°C Humidity (at wet bulb 15% to 95% RH temperature £ 45°C, without condensation) Altitude 0 m to 4,572 m Other Specifications · EN 55011(1991) / CISPR 11(1990) Group 1, Class ·...
Page 360 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-10 Dimensions (front view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) Figure 10-11 Dimensions (rear view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) Chapter 10...
Page 361 Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics General Characteristics Figure 10-12 Dimensions (side view, with Option 1CN/1D5, typical, in millimeters) Chapter 10...
Page 362: Furnished Accessories
Specifications and Supplemental Performance Characteristics Furnished Accessories Furnished Accessories Agilent Part Description Number 04294-900x0 Operation Manual 04294-900x1 Programming Manual E2083-90005 HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook 04294-901x0 Service Manual 04294-180x0 Sample Program Disk (3.5 inch) 100 W Resistor 04294-61001 Mini-DIN Keyboard...
Page 363: Manual Changes
Agilent 4294A earlier than the current printing date of this manual. The information in this manual applies directly to an Agilent 4294A with a serial number prefix that is listed on the title page of this manual.
Page 364: Manual Changes
Manual Changes Manual Changes To adapt this manual to your 4294A, refer to Table A-1 and Table A-2. Table A-1 Manual Changes by Serial Number Serial Prefix or Number Make Manual Changes Table A-2 Manual Changes by Firmware Version Version Make Manual Changes 1.10...
Page 365: Change 1
4294A and displays Table B-106, “Filename entry (File Name) menu,” on page 421. DATA ä Selects storage of the internal data array of the Agilent 4294A and displays Table (N/A) B-107, “Data save (Save Data) menu,” on page 422. GRAPHICS ä...
Page 366 Manual Changes Change to the revision 1.0x Miscellaneous Changes The option system of the 4294A has changed since February 2003. Apply the following changes. Table A-3 New Option Number Old Option Number Remark 800 (Standard Frequency Standard Reference) same as the right number...
Page 367: Key Definitions
Key Definitions This chapter describes the functions of the front keys (both hardkeys and softkeys) of the Agilent 4294A.
Page 368: Functions Of Hardkeys
Key Definitions Functions of hardkeys Functions of hardkeys This section describes the function and corresponding GPIB command for each hardkey. Table B-1 ACTIVE TRACE key Hardkey Function GPIB command Trace A is selected as the active trace. Changes the configurations to trace A (for TRAC A example, when |Z|-q are selected as measurement parameters, the trace of |Z| is selected).
Page 369 [System] Displays Table B-74, “System (System) menu,” on page 404. (N/A) [Local] Brings the 4294A from the remote state into the local state. Also displays Table (N/A) B-94, “Local (Local) menu,” on page 415. [Preset] Sets the configurations of the 4294A to the initial values (preset state).
Page 370 Key Definitions Functions of hardkeys Table B-6 ENTRY block Hardkey Function GPIB command [Back Space] Moves the cursor one space back and deletes the character to the left of the (N/A) cursor. If you make a mistake in entering a value through the numeric keys, you can use this key to correct your entry.
Page 371: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Meas] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] Table B-7 Measurement parameter (Measurement) menu (1/3) Key operation: [Meas] Softkey Function GPIB command |Z| - q Selects impedance absolute value and impedance phase as measurement MEAS IMPH parameters.
Page 372 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Meas] key Table B-9 Measurement parameter (Measurement) menu (3/3) Key operation: [Meas] - more 1/3 - more 2/3 Softkey Function GPIB command COMPLEX Z-Y Selects complex impedance (Z) and complex admittance (Y) as measurement MEAS COMP parameters.
Page 373: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Format] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Format] Table B-11 Format (Format) menu (1) Key operation: [Format] Softkey Function GPIB command Selects the linear scale as the vertical axis (Y axis) for the graph. FMT LINY Selects the log (logarithm) scale as the vertical axis (Y axis) for the graph.
Page 374: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Display] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] Table B-13 Display (Display) menu (1/2) Key operation: [Display] Softkey Function GPIB command SPLIT on OFF Toggles on and off the trace split display. When the split display is on, the scale SPLD {ON|OFF} is horizontally divided into two parts on the screen;...
Page 375 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-15 Trace definition (Define Trace) menu Key operation: [Display] - DEF TRACE[ ] Softkey Function GPIB command DATA For the current active trace (A or B), stores the measured data into the data trace DISP DATA without further calculation and displays it MEMORY...
Page 376 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-17 Title menu Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - TITLE Softkey Function GPIB command SELECT LETTER Enters the character at the character selection cursor (), which has been selected (N/A) with the arrow keys ([] or [¯]) and the rotary knob, at the position of the cursor (_) on the string entry line and moves the cursor to the right by 1 character.
Page 377 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-19 Equivalent circuit selection (Select Circ) menu Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - EQUIV CKT - SELECT CIRCUIT Softkey Function GPIB command Selects equivalent circuit A. Equivalent circuit A is generally suitable for the EQUC CIRA equivalent circuit analysis of inductors with high core loss.
Page 378 (N/A) 1. The internal function of the 4294A can be divided into “instrument” and “HP Instrument BASIC” to control it. The instrument screen means the screen used to display the information of “instrument.” It is used to display scales and traces of measurement results, the list sweep table, the limit line table, and so on.
Page 379 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-23 Item color modification (Color Item) menu (1/3) Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - MODIFY COLOR - MODIFY ITEM COLOR Softkey Function GPIB command TRC B MEM LIMIT Selects the trace B memory trace, scale reference lines, and limit lines as the COLO TRBM LINE display items that can be changed with the MODIFY COLOR key.
Page 380 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Display] key Table B-25 Item color modification (Color Item) menu (3/3) Key operation: [Display] - more 1/2 - MODIFY COLOR - MODIFY ITEM COLOR - more 1/3 - more 2/3 Softkey Function GPIB command PEN 4 COLO PEN4 Selects PEN 4...
Page 381: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Scale Ref] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] Table B-27 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-1/2) Key operation: [Scale Ref] Softkey Function GPIB command AUTO SCALE For the selected trace (data trace/memory trace of trace A/B), executes automatic AUTO scale adjustment based on the trace data when the key is pressed.
Page 382 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Table B-28 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-2/2) Key operation: [Scale Ref] - more1/2 Softkey Function GPIB command more 2/2 Displays Table B-27, “Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (1-1/2),” on page 373. (N/A) Table B-29 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (2)
Page 383 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Scale Ref] key Table B-30 Scale reference (Scale Ref) menu (3) Key operation: [Scale Ref] Softkey Function GPIB command D&M COUPLE ON OFF When both the data trace and the memory trace are displayed on the screen, SCAC {ON|OFF} selects performing the scale configurations in this menu for both the data trace and the memory trace together (couple on) or for each of them separately (couple...
Page 384: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Bw/Avg] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] Table B-32 Measurement bandwidth/averaging (Bw/Average) menu Key operation: [Bw/Avg] Softkey Function GPIB command BANDWIDTH [ ] ä Displays Table B-33, “Measurement bandwidth (Bandwidth) configuration (N/A) menu,”...
Page 385 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Bw/Avg] key Table B-33 Measurement bandwidth (Bandwidth) configuration menu Key operation: [Bw/Avg] - BAND WIDTH [ ] [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT/ADD - more 1/3 - more 2/3 - BAND WIDTH [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command...
Page 386: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Cal] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] Table B-34 Calibration (Calibration) menu Key operation: [Cal] Softkey Function GPIB command ADAPTER [ ] ä Displays Table B-35, “Adapter configuration (Adapter) menu,” on page 378. In (N/A) [ ] of the softkey label, the currently selected adapter configuration is displayed.
Page 387 Based on the above acquired data, calculates the setup data for the selected ECALDON adapter and stores it in the internal non-volatile memory of the 4294A. For adapters whose setup data is once acquired, re-setup is not required under normal conditions.
Page 388 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key Table B-37 Fixture compensation (Fixture Comp) menu Key operation: [Cal] - FIXTURE COMPEN Softkey Function GPIB command OPEN on OFF Validates/invalidates (turns on/off) the OPEN correction of the fixture COMSTA {ON|OFF} compensation for measurements.
Page 389 (OPEN, SHORT, LOAD) whose values are defined by the user. If you use the calibration kit attached to the 4294A or its accessories, this user calibration function is not used. EXECUTE CAL ä...
Page 390 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Cal] key 1. Though the softkey labels are the same as those in Table B-38, “Calibration data definition (Define Value) menu,” on page 380, the set values are saved separately. Table B-42 Port extension (Prt Extension) menu Key operation: [Cal] - PORT EXTENSION Softkey...
Page 391: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Sweep] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] Table B-43 Sweep (Sweep) menu Key operation: [Sweep] Softkey Function GPIB command PARAMETER [ ] ä Displays Table B-44, “Sweep parameter (Sweep Param) menu,” on page 383. In (N/A) [ ] of the softkey label, the currently selected sweep parameter is displayed (frequency sweep [FREQ], signal level sweep [OLEV], or dc bias sweep...
Page 392 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-44 Sweep parameter (Sweep Param) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - PARAMETER [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command return Returns to Table B-43, “Sweep (Sweep) menu,” on page 383. (N/A) Table B-45 Sweep time (Sweep Time) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - TIME...
Page 393 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-47 List sweep (List Sweep) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST Softkey Function GPIB command Sets the pen number for the trace of the list sweep segment specified by the SCOL pointer (>).
Page 394 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-49 Segment edit (Edit Segment) menu (2/3) Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT - more 1/3 [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - ADD - more 1/3 Softkey Function GPIB command BIAS MODE [ ] ä...
Page 395 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Sweep] key Table B-51 DC bias mode (DC Bias Mode) menu Key operation: [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - EDIT - more 1/3 - BIAS MODE [ ] [Sweep] - EDIT LIST - ADD - more 1/3 - BIAS MODE [ ] [Source] - more 1/2 - MODE [ ] Softkey Function...
Page 396: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Source] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Source] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Source] Table B-53 Source oscillator (Source Osc) menu Key operation: [Source] Softkey Function GPIB command FREQUENCY Sets the fixed oscillator frequency (CW frequency) when performing sweeps CWFREQ <value>...
Page 397 (N/A) 1. The dc bias range is set to optimize the dc level of the current that is inputted into the HP 4294A’s impedance measurement cir- cuit. This setting affects the impedance measurement accuracy, regardless of the selection of the dc bias mode or whether appli- cation of the dc bias is turned on or off.
Page 398: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Trigger] Key
Function GPIB command FREE RUN Selects the internal trigger mode (free run), in which triggers are automatically TRGS INT generated inside the 4294A. EXTERNAL Selects triggers from the external trigger input terminal (BNC(f) connector) on TRGS EXT the rear panel.
Page 399 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Trigger] key Table B-57 Trigger source (Trig source) menu Key operation: [Trigger] - SOURCE [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command return Returns to Table B-56, “Trigger (Trigger) menu,” on page 390. (N/A) Appendix B...
Page 400: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Marker] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] Table B-58 Marker (Marker) menu Key operation: [Marker] Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ON off Toggles on and off all the markers displayed on the screen. The markers include MKR {ON|OFF} main marker (marker number: 0), sub markers (marker number: 1 - 7), and delta marker (D).
Page 401 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Table B-59 Sub marker configuration (Set SMKR) menu Key operation: [Marker] - SUB MKR Softkey Function GPIB command 6: OFF For sub marker 6, executes the same operation as the above key for sub marker 1. SMKR6 ON 7: OFF For sub marker 7, executes the same operation as the above key for sub marker 1.
Page 402 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker] key Table B-61 Delta marker (Delta MKR) menu Key operation: [Marker] - DMODE MENU Softkey Function GPIB command DMKR STIMULUS For the selected D marker (D marker, fixed D marker, or tracking D marker), sets DMKRPRM <value>...
Page 403: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Marker®] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] Marker® (Marker ®/Zoom) menu (1/2) Table B-62 Key operation: [Marker®] Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ® START Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active MKRSTAR trace (A or B) into the sweep start value.
Page 404 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Marker®] key Marker® (Marker ®/Zoom) menu (2/2) Table B-63 Key operation: [Marker®] - more 1/2 Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ZOOM Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active MKRZM trace (A or B) into the sweep center value and simultaneously changes the current sweep span value to the sweep span value specified with the ZOOMING...
Page 405: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Search] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] Table B-64 Search (Search) menu Key operation: [Search] Softkey Function GPIB command Moves the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) to the maximum SEAM MAX value of the measurement parameter value on the trace.
Page 406 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-65 Target (Target) menu Key operation: [Search] - TARGET Softkey Function GPIB command TARGET VALUE Sets the destination where the main marker on the current active trace (A or B) SEATARG <value>...
Page 407 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-66 Peak (Peak) menu Key operation: [Search] - PEAK Softkey Function GPIB command SUB MKR ä Displays Table B-59, “Sub marker configuration (Set SMKR) menu,” on page (N/A) 392. return Displays Table B-64, “Search (Search) menu,”...
Page 408 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-68 Trace bandwidth analysis definition (Widths Def) menu Key operation: [Search] - WIDTHS DEF MENU Softkey Function GPIB command MKRVAL¤(Ö2) Uses the value obtained by dividing the measurement parameter value at the WIDVTYPE DIVS2 main marker on the current active trace (A or B) by Ö2 as the value of the cutoff point for trace bandwidth search.
Page 409 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Search] key Table B-69 Search range (Search Rng) menu (1) Key operation: [Search] - SEARCH RANGE MENU Softkey Function GPIB command MKR ® MAXIMUM Substitutes the sweep parameter value at the main marker on the current active MKRTRMAX trace (A or B) into the partial search range upper limit.
Page 410: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Utility] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] Table B-71 Utility (Utility) menu Key operation: [Utility] Softkey Function GPIB command MKR LIST on OFF Toggles on and off the marker list function. This function displays the list of the MKRL {ON|OFF} sweep parameter values and measurement parameter values of all markers (main marker, sub markers, D marker).
Page 411 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Utility] key Table B-73 Level monitor (Level Mon) menu Key operation: [Utility] - LEVEL MON [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command Turns off the marker level monitor function. Usual markers are displayed. MKRMON OFF AC-V Displays the voltage value of the test signal at the marker position on the current MKRMON ACV...
Page 412: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [System] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] Table B-74 System (System) menu Key operation: [System] Softkey Function GPIB command IBASIC ä Displays Table B-75, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (1/3),” on page (N/A) 404.
Page 413 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-75 HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (1/3) Key operation: [System] - IBASIC Softkey Function GPIB command more 1/3 Displays Table B-76, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (2/3),” on page (N/A) 405.
Page 414 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-76 HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (2/3) Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 Softkey Function GPIB command more 2/3 Displays Table B-77, “HP Instrument BASIC (IBASIC) menu (3/3),” on page (N/A) 406.
Page 415 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-78 IBASIC edit (Editor) menu Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - Edit Softkey Function GPIB command OUTPUT @Hp4294 Inserts OUTPUT @Hp4294 TO 800 at the current cursor position. (N/A) ENTER @Hp4294 Inserts ASSIGN @Hp4294 TO 800 at the current cursor position.
Page 416 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-80 IBASIC command name (Command Name) menu Key operation: [System] - IBASIC - more 1/3 - more 2/3 - COMMAND ENTRY Softkey Function GPIB command CLEAR NAME Deletes all entered characters. (N/A) done Finishes the entry of characters and executes the entered command.
Page 417 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-83 Limit line edit (Edit Limit) menu Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE Softkey Function GPIB command SEGMENT From the limit line table, specifies a segment number to be edited. The currently LIMSEGM <value>...
Page 418 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-84 Segment edit (Edit Limit) menu (1/3) Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - EDIT [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - ADD Softkey Function GPIB command MIDDLE VALUE...
Page 419 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-85 Segment edit (Edit Limit) menu (2/3) Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - EDIT - more 1/3 [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - ADD - more 1/3 Softkey Function GPIB command...
Page 420 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-87 List deletion (Clear List?) menu Key operation: [System] - LIMIT TEST - EDIT LIMIT LINE - CLEAR LIST Softkey Function GPIB command Deletes the contents of the limit line table that is being edited from the edit area. (N/A) Even after using this key, you can keep the table without deleting it by pressing the cancel key in Table B-83, “Limit line edit (Edit Limit) menu,”...
Page 421 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [System] key Table B-90 Time configuration (Set Time) menu Key operation: [System] - CLOCK - TIME Softkey Function GPIB command HOUR Sets the time (hour). SETCTIME <hour>,<minute>,<seco nd> MINUTE Sets the time (minute). SECOND Sets the time (second).
Page 422 (N/A) DISPLAY TEST Refer to “Service Manual.” (N/A) MAC ADDRESS Displays the MAC address assigned to this Agilent 4294A on the screen. A (N/A) unique MAC address is assigned to each instrument. The MAC address cannot be changed. FIRMWARE REVISION...
Page 423: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Local] Key
Stores the configuration of the IP address, gateway address, or subnet mask (N/A) specified with the above keys and returns to Table B-94, “Local (Local) menu,” on page 415. After performing the configuration, turn the Agilent 4294A off and then on again so that the configuration takes effect. Appendix B...
Page 424 (N/A) Table B-94, “Local (Local) menu,” on page 415. To allow this setting to take effect after pressing this key, turn the Agilent 4294A off and then on again. cancel Cancels the gateway address setting specified with the above keys and returns to (N/A) Table B-94, “Local (Local) menu,”...
Page 425: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Copy] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] Table B-98 Copy (Copy) menu Key operation: [Copy] Softkey Function GPIB command START Starts printing the measurement graph displayed on the screen with the printer PRINALL connected to the printer parallel port on the rear panel.
Page 426 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-100 Copy configuration (Copy Setup) menu (2/2) Key operation: [Copy] - SETUP - more 1/2 Softkey Function GPIB command LANDSCAPE on OFF Toggles on and off the print mode for using forms in the horizontal orientation LANDSCAPE (landscape).
Page 427 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-102 Copy data (Copy Contents) menu Key operation: [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - LIST VALUE [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - OPERATING PARAMETERS [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - CAL KIT VALUE [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - COMPEN KIT VALUE Softkey Function...
Page 428 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Copy] key Table B-104 Limit test segment copy start (Copy Contents) menu Key operation: [Copy] - SELECT CONTENTS - LIMIT TEST SEGMENTS Softkey Function GPIB command START Prints the limit line table displayed on the screen with the printer connected to PRINALL the printer parallel port on the rear panel.
Page 429: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Save] Key
Key operation: [Save] Softkey Function GPIB command STATE ä Selects storage of the configuration states and internal data array of the Agilent SAVDSTA <string> 4294A and displays Table B-106, “Filename entry (File Name) menu,” on page 421. DATA ä (N/A)
Page 430 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-106 Filename entry (File Name) menu Key operation: [Save] - STATE [Save] - DATA - BINARY/ASCII [Save] - GRAPHICS [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - CREATE DIRECTORY Softkey Function GPIB command done Using the entered string as the filename, executes storing states, data, or (N/A)
Page 431 Key operation: [Save] - POWER ON CONFIG Softkey Function GPIB command Stores the current configuration of the Agilent 4294A as the configuration at (N/A) power-on (power-on configuration). Also, returns to Table B-105, “Save (Save) menu,” on page 421. cancel Cancels the storage of the power-on configuration and returns to Table B-105, (N/A) “Save (Save) menu,”...
Page 432 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-111 File selection (Select File) menu Key operation: [System] - PROGRAM MENU [Save] - RE-SAVE FILE [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - PURGE FILE/ CHANGE DIRECTORY/ COPY FILE Softkey Function GPIB command (filename) For the program menu ([System] - PROGRAM MENU), this key immediately (N/A)
Page 433 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-113 Format confirmation (Format Media?) menu Key operation: [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - FORMAT Softkey Function GPIB command Starts the initialization of the mass storage (disk) specified with the STORE (N/A) DEV [ ] key in Table B-110, “File utility (File Utility) menu,”...
Page 434 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Save] key Table B-115 Copy destination device (Dest Device) menu Key operation: [Save] - FILE UTILITIES - COPY FILE - (filename) - DEST DEV [ ] Softkey Function GPIB command return Returns to Table B-114, “Copy destination filename (Dest File) menu,” on page (N/A) 425.
Page 435: Softkeys Displayed By Pressing The [Recall] Key
Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] key Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] Table B-116 Recall (Select File) menu Key operation: [Recall] Softkey Function GPIB command (filename) This key loads the specified state file and uses the instrument configuration (N/A) states stored in the file (including the internal data array).
Page 436 Key Definitions Softkeys displayed by pressing the [Recall] key Appendix B...
Page 437: Error Messages
Error messages The Agilent 4294A provides error messages to indicate its operating status. This appendix describes the error messages of the Agilent 4294A. Error messages are outputted on the LCD or through the GPIB. This section gives a description of each error message and how it should be handled.
Page 438: Error Messages (Alphabetical Order)
(ADC) is temporarily overloaded. Measurement data when this error occurs is invalid. If this error often occurs during normal measurements, the instrument may fail. In this case, Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office or the company you purchased this instrument from.
Page 439 -168 Block data not allowed A block data element is received where the Agilent 4294A does not accept any block data element. BRIDGE UNBALANCED Because the connection of a DUT or the setting for it is incorrect, the internal circuit (BRIDGE) temporarily cannot perform measurements (UNBALANCED).
Page 440 CAN'T CHANGE—ANOTHER CONTROLLER ON BUS When an active controller is on the same GP-IB bus, you attempt to set the Agilent 4294A as a system controller. Unless another active controller is removed from the same GP-IB bus, you cannot set the 4294A as a system controller.
Page 441 -148 Character data not allowed A character data element (that does not violate the standard) is received where the Agilent 4294A does not accept any character data element. For example, a parameter must be enclosed with double quotation marks (“) but they are missing.
Page 442 The Agilent 4294A does not have enough memory to perform the requested operation. -222 Data out of range A data element (that did not violate the standard) out of the range defined by the Agilent 4294A is received. -231 Data questionable Data may be questionable, and so the accuracy of measurement data may be deteriorated.
Page 443 Exponent too large The absolute value of the exponent exceeds 32,000. (Refer to IEEE 488.2, 7.7.2.4.1.) -178 Expression data not allowed An equation data element was received at where the 4294A did not accept any equation data elements. -170 Expression error An error not described by error numbers from -171 to -179 occurs during the syntax analysis of equation data.
Page 444 Error messages FREQUENCY SWEEP ONLY When a measurement parameter other than COMPLEX Z-Y (i.e., scalar parameter measurement) is selected, you attempt to select a display format not available for the measurement parameter, for example, the complex plane display format (command: FMT COMP), and, as a result, the command is ignored.
Page 445 Error messages Init ignored The variable name is illegal. This message is displayed when you attempt to refer to a variable that does not exist. -213 Init ignored Another measurement is being executed, so the measurement start request is ignored. INSUFFICIENT MEMORY Multiple processes are executed at the same time and the memory is exhausted, which causes the last process to be aborted.
Page 446 -131 Invalid suffix The suffix does not meet the syntax defined in IEEE488.2,7.7.3.2 or is inappropriate for the Agilent 4294A. LIST SWEEP ONLY When a sweep type other than the list sweep is specified, you attempt to execute a command to specify all segments (entire sweep range) as the search range setting (SEARNG FULL) or a command to specify a certain segment as the search target (SEGMNUM <value>) and, as a result, the command is ignored.
Page 447 -311 Memory error An error is detected in the memory of the Agilent 4294A. MEMORY TRACE NOT ACTIVE Although no data is stored in the memory trace, you attempt to execute a command (DISP MEMO, DMNM, and so on) that uses the memory trace. Therefore, the command is invalid.
Page 448 FORM5 data transfer format, the amount of sent binary data is too small, or data items do not reach the number of points (NOP) set in the 4294A. Set the amount of data to be sent or the number of points correctly.
Page 449 Technologies sales office or the company you purchased this instrument from. PRINTER: not on, not connected, out of paper The printer does not respond to commands from the Agilent 4294A. Check the power to the printer, on-line status, paper, and so on. Otherwise, the connected printer may not be supported.
Page 450 RECALL ERROR: INSTR STATE PRESET Because an error occurred while reading out a file, the Agilent 4294A is being preset. This Appendix C...
Page 451 An error not described by error numbers from -151 to -159 occurs during the syntax analysis of a string data element. -158 String data not allowed A string data element is received where the 4294A does not accept any string data element. -130 Suffix error Appendix C...
Page 452 TOO MUCH DATA When data is sent from the controller to the Agilent 4294A in the FORM2, FORM3, or FORM5 data transfer format, the amount of the sent binary data is too large, or data items exceed the number of points (NOP) set.
Page 453 Error messages Trigger error The received block, equation, or string type program data comply with the standard, but the amount of data exceeds the limit that the 4294A can deal with, due to memory or device-specific conditions related to memory. -210 Trigger error A trigger error.
Page 454 Error messages WRONG I/O PORT DIRECTION Appendix C...
Page 455: Initial Settings
Initial Settings This appendix provides initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, and settings that can be backed up.
Page 456: Initial Settings, Settings That Can Be Saved/Recalled, Settings That Can Be Backed Up
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up The columns of Table D-1 show the following items. • Initial settings (factory settings) •...
Page 457 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings Save/ Function Setting [Preset] *RST Backup (factory settings) Recall ¬...
Page 458 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings Save/ Function Setting [Preset] *RST Backup (factory settings) Recall ¬...
Page 459 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings Save/ Function Setting [Preset] *RST Backup (factory settings) Recall ¬...
Page 460 Positive transition filter value of operation status register No effect ¬ Negative transition filter value of operation status No effect ¬ register LAN/GPIB 4294A IP address 0.0.0.0 No effect ¬ Ö ¬ Ö Gateway IP address 0.0.0.0 No effect Subnet mask 0.0.0.0...
Page 461 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Table D-1 Initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, settings that can be backed up Initial settings Save/ Function Setting [Preset] *RST Backup (factory settings) Recall ¬...
Page 462 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Appendix D...
Page 463 Index Symbols ACTIVE TRACE block, 45 adapter -, 56 selection, 68 *, 56, 57 setting, 67 ?, 56 setup, 69, 330 ADDRESS: HP-IB key, 313 Numerics addressable only mode, 313 [0]-[9][.][-] keys, 46 ADDRESSABLE ONLY MODE key, 313 16034E, 64 auto scaling, 164 16034G, 64 averaging, 329...
Page 464 Index CW frequency, 104 Factory settings, 448 file copy, 307 D marker mode, 56 deleting, 310 data array how to manage, 305 data contents saved with the data save function, 280 FIRMWARE REVISION key, 319 data block, 277 firmware version data part, 277 how to check, 319 data contents saved with the data save function, 278...
Page 465 Index recording medium, 311 status display, 55 inlet with a fuse box, 52 [Marker] key, 47 installation, 17 [Marker to] key, 47 keyboard, 25 MASS STORE [ ] key, 309 rackmount kit, 26 mass strage, 345 instrument message Max, 55 displaying again, 300 [Meas] key, 45 instrument setup part, 277...
Page 466 [Sweep] key, 46 formatting, 311 sweep-to-sweep averaging, 126 initialization, 311 algorithm, 126 Reset SYSTEM CONTROLLER key, 313 4294A system controller mode, 313 Initial settings, 448 [System] key, 48 Resume function Settings that can be backed up, 448 rotary knob, 46...
Page 467 Index trace bandwidth, 236 trace data data contents saved with the data save function, 279 trace math, 179 trigger event, 112 function, 329 source, 111 [Trigger] key, 46 TrkD, 56 unit keys, 46 UNKNOWN terminals, 49 up arrow, 46 user calibration, 147 defining standard value, 148 user calibration data data contents saved with the data save function, 278...
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