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ZyXEL Communications Prestige 650M-6x User Manual

ZyXEL Communications Prestige 650M-6x User Manual

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Prestige 650M-6x
ADSL Modem
User's Guide
Version 3.40
November 2004

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Summary of Contents for ZyXEL Communications Prestige 650M-6x

  • Page 1 Prestige 650M-6x ADSL Modem User's Guide Version 3.40 November 2004...
  • Page 3 Trademarks ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.
  • Page 4 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: • This device may not cause harmful interference. • This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations.

  • Page 5: Zyxel Limited Warranty

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and...

  • Page 6: Customer Support

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Customer Support Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support. • Product model and serial number. • Warranty Information. • Date that you received your device. • Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
  • Page 7 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide METHOD SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE REGULAR MAIL SALES E-MAIL FTP SITE LOCATION SWEDEN support@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg sales@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7701 Sweden FINLAND support@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi...

  • Page 8: Table Of Contents

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table of Contents Copyright .................................ii Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement .............iii ZyXEL Limited Warranty..........................iv Customer Support............................v List of Figures..............................ix List of Tables..............................xi List of Charts..............................xii Preface................................xiii Introduction to DSL............................xv GETTING STARTED............................. I Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your Prestige....................1-1 Introducing the Prestige ......................1-1...
  • Page 9 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Interleave Delay.........................7-4 G.Hs ............................7-4 SNR (Signal-to-Noise-Ratio).....................7-4 Remote node Configuration .......................7-5 7.10 ADSL Configuration........................7-9 Chapter 8 IP Configuration ........................8-1 IP Address..........................8-1 Introduction to ARP Table......................8-2 About Ping ..........................8-2 Ping Commands.........................8-3 Static Route Overview .......................8-5 TCP/IP ............................8-7 Chapter 9 Firmware Upload........................9-1 Firmware Upload Overview.......................9-1...

  • Page 10: List Of Figures

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide List of Figures Figure 1-1 Prestige Internet Access Application .................... 1-3 Figure 2-1 CLI Help Example –1........................2-1 Figure 2-2 CLI Help Example -2 ........................2-1 Figure 2-3 Login Screen ..........................2-2 Figure 2-4 Password Changing ........................2-3 Figure 3-1 sys countrycode ..........................
  • Page 11 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Figure 6-2 bridge cnt clear..........................6-2 Figure 6-3 bridge stat disp ..........................6-2 Figure 6-4 bridge stat clear ..........................6-3 Figure 7-1 wan node index ..........................7-5 Figure 7-2 wan node clear ..........................7-5 Figure 7-3 wan node save ..........................7-5 Figure 7-4 wan node ispname .........................7-6 Figure 7-5 wan node enable..........................7-6...
  • Page 12 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide List of Tables Table 2-1 Command Summary ........................2-3 Table 3-1 sys feature ............................3-2 Table 5-1 Service Characteristic ........................5-4 Table 7-1 Private IP Address Ranges ......................7-1 Table 7-2 Service Characteristic ........................7-4 Table 8-1 Ping Commands ..........................8-3...
  • Page 13 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide List of Charts Chart C-1 Classes of IP Addresses......................... C-1 Chart C-2 Allowed IP Address Range By Class .................... C-2 Chart C-3 “Natural” Masks..........................C-2 Chart C-4 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................C-3 Chart C-5 Subnet 1 ............................C-4 Chart C-6 Subnet 2 ............................

  • Page 14: Preface

    For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.,” as shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” for “that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual. • The Prestige 650M-6x ADSL Modem series may be referred to as the Prestige in this user’s guide. Preface xiii...
  • Page 15 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Graphics Icons Key Prestige Notebook computer Computer Server Firewall DSLAM Switch Router Telephone Wireless Signal The following section offers some background information on DSL. Skip to Chapter 1 if you wish to begin working with your router right away.

  • Page 16: Introduction To Dsl

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Introduction to DSL DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology enhances the data capacity of the existing twisted-pair wire that runs between the local telephone company switching offices and most homes and offices. While the wire itself can handle higher frequencies, the telephone switching equipment is designed to cut off signals above 4,000 Hz to filter noise off the voice line, but now everybody is searching for ways to get more bandwidth to improve access to the Web - hence DSL technologies.

  • Page 17: Getting Started

    Getting Started Part I: GETTING STARTED This part is structured as a step-by-step guide to help you access your Prestige. It covers key features and applications.

  • Page 19: Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your Prestige

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your Prestige This chapter describes the key features and applications of your Prestige Introducing the Prestige Your Prestige integrates high-speed 10/100Mbps auto-negotiating LAN interface(s) and a high-speed ADSL port into a single package. The Prestige is ideal for high-speed Internet browsing and making LAN-to-LAN connections to remote networks.

  • Page 20: Network Management

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Multiple PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuits) Support Your Prestige supports up to 2 PVC’s. ADSL Transmission Rate Standards ♦ Full-Rate (ANSI T1.413, Issue 2; G.dmt (G.992.1) with line rate support of up to 8 Mbps downstream and 832 Kbps upstream.

  • Page 21: Applications For The Prestige

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ♦ Supports OAM F4/F5 loop-back, AIS and RDI OAM cells Ease of Installation Your Prestige is designed for quick, easy and intuitive installation. Its compact size and light weight make it easy to position anywhere in your busy office.

  • Page 23: Commands

    Commands Part II: COMMANDS This part covers Commands Introduction, System, LAN, Ethernet, Bridge, WAN and IP Commands and Firmware uploading.

  • Page 25: Chapter 2 Commands Introduction

    3. Type “help” or “?” to display a list of valid commands or type a command (see Table 2-1 Command Summary) to display a list of associated subcommands. Copyright (c) 1994 - 2004 ZyXEL Communications Corp. ras> ? Valid commands are:...

  • Page 26: Connect To Your Prestige Using Telnet

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide 2.1.3 Exit Type exit at the command prompt to disconnect from the Prestige. Connect to your Prestige Using Telnet The following procedure details how to telnet into your Prestige. Step 1. Make sure your computer IP address and the Prestige IP address are on the same subnet. Refer to the Setting Up Your Computer IP Address appendix.

  • Page 27: Command Summary

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> sys password 5678 save ok ras> Figure 2-4 Password Changing Command Summary The following table is a summary of the commands available in the Prestige together with a brief description of each command. Table 2-1 Command Summary...
  • Page 28 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 2-1 Command Summary MAIN SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION COMMAND password <new password> This command sets the new password. socket This command shows system socket information. display This command shows CPU utilization. ether config This command shows LAN settings.
  • Page 29 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 2-1 Command Summary MAIN SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION COMMAND vci [num] Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier from 32 to 65535. qos [ubr|cbr|vbr] This is the ATM QoS type. pcr [num] This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells.
  • Page 30 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 2-1 Command Summary MAIN SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION COMMAND opencmd gdmt Open ADSL line with G.dmt standard multimode Open ADSL line in multi modes close Close ADSL line targetnoise Adjust target noise offset modem_code Display modem code version.
  • Page 31 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 2-1 Command Summary MAIN SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION COMMAND reset <tcb> Resets TCB. Sets round trip time for tcb. status Display TCP statistic counters. syndata [on|off] TCP syndata piggyback. trace [on|off] Turn on/off trace for debugging. window [size] TCP input window size.

  • Page 33: Chapter 3 System Setup

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 3 System Setup This chapter provides the information on system configuration. System Commands Syntax: sys countrycode [0-255] This command sets the country code, the default is already set. If you need to change the country code, contact your vendor for a list of valid codes.

  • Page 34: Figure 3-3 Sys Edit

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide An example is shown next. ras> sys edit autoexec.net EDIT cmd: q(uit) x(save & exit) i(nsert after) d(elete) r(eplace) n(ext) : sys dir ras> sys view autoexec.net sys dir ip tcp mss 512 ip tcp limit 2...

  • Page 35: Figure 3-5 Sys Hostname

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 3-1 sys feature FIELD DESCRIPTION AB ADAPTER: no This Prestige does not have an internal phone connection. IDSL ONLY: no This Prestige does not support IDSL. IDSL: no This Prestige does not support IDSL. INTERNAL HUB: no This Prestige has one Ethernet port.

  • Page 36: Figure 3-7 Sys Datetime Period

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> sys datetime period The period to synchronize with time server is 1 day(s). Figure 3-7 sys datetime period Syntax: sys time This command shows the current system time. An example is shown next. ras> sys time...

  • Page 37: Figure 3-10 Sys View

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> sys view autoexec.net ip tcp mss 512 ip tcp limit 2 ip tcp irtt 65000 ip tcp window 2 ip tcp ceiling 6000 ras> Figure 3-10 sys view Syntax: sys wdog switch [on|off] This command turns on/off watchdog.

  • Page 38: Figure 3-14 Sys Atsh

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide An example is shown next. ras> sys atsh RAS version : V3.40(SN.0)b2 | 7/9/2004 Ram Size : 2048 Kbytes Flash Type and Size : AMD 4Mbits*1 romRasSize : 458764 bootbase version : V1.00 | 6/14/2004 Product Model...

  • Page 39: Figure 3-17 Sys Cpu Display

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: sys cpu display This command shows CPU utilization. An example is shown next. ras> sys cpu display CPU usage status: baseline 872865 ticks ticks util ticks util ticks util ticks util 867922 0.56 865527 0.84 868346 0.51...

  • Page 41: Chapter 4 Lan Setup

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 4 LAN Setup This chapter provides the information on LAN configuration. LAN Overview A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building..

  • Page 42: Lan Configuration

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

  • Page 43: Figure 4-4 Lan Ipaddr

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: lan ipaddr<IP Addr> <Mask> Use this command to display the IP address and subnet mask for the selected interface. An example is shown next. ras> lan ipaddr 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 ras> lan display Active: Yes Interface: enif0 IP Address: 192.168.1.2...

  • Page 44: Figure 4-7 Lan Save

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: lan save This command erases the IP address and subnet mask settings for the selected interface. An example is shown next. ras> lan clear ras> lan display Active: Yes Interface: enif0 IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Subnet Mask: 0.0.0.0...

  • Page 45: Chapter 5 Ethernet Setup

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 5 Ethernet Setup This chapter provides the information on Ethernet configuration. Ethernet Parameters 5.1.1 Speed When auto-negotiation is turned on, an Ethernet port negotiates with the peer automatically to determine the connection speed and duplex mode. If the peer Ethernet port does not support auto-negotiation or turns off this feature, the device determines the connection speed by detecting the signal on the cable and using half duplex mode.

  • Page 46: Figure 5-1 Ether Status

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide This command displays the current status of the Ethernet ports. ras> ether driver status enet0 ChanID 0, Mac = 00:a0:c5:9c:7b:83 0, dq ifaceType 0, TxSending mac_p 940d2a4c, ec_p 94147058 LinkSt 7, CacheQueue MbufCacheAlloc = 0, MbufCacheEmpty =...

  • Page 47: Figure 5-3 Ether Driver Cnt Disp

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> ether driver cnt disp enet0 [ Ethernet Statistics Display, ChanID = 0 ] inOctets = 0x0001ac7a, inUnicastPkts = 0x00000580 inMulticastPkts = 0x000000bd, inDiscards = 0x00000000 inErrors = 0x00000000, inAll = 0x0000063d outOctets = 0x00020cb1, outUnicastPkts...

  • Page 48: Figure 5-6 Ether Driver Status

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: ether driver status <ch-name> This command shows LAN status. An example is shown next. ras> ether driver status enet0 ChanID 0, Mac = 00:a0:c5:9c:7b:83 0, dq ifaceType 0, TxSending mac_p 940d2a4c, ec_p 94147058 LinkSt 7, CacheQueue...

  • Page 49: Figure 5-8 Ether Driver Version

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: ether driver version This command shows the Ethernet device type. An example is shown next. ras> ether version ether: V1.00 Figure 5-8 ether driver version Ethernet Setup...

  • Page 51: Chapter 6 Bridge Statistics

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 6 Bridge Statistics This chapter provides the information on bridge connection and packet statistics Bridging in General Bridging bases the forwarding decision on the MAC (Media Access Control), or hardware address, while routing does it on the network layer (IP) address. Bridging allows the Prestige to transport packets of network layer protocols that it does not route, for example, SNA, from one network to another.

  • Page 52: Figure 6-2 Bridge Cnt Clear

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: bridge cnt clear <channel> This command erases the connection statistics for the specified channel. An example is shown next. ras> bridge cnt clear 1 ras> bridge cnt disp 1 ***Last Bridge Route Code 10 WanLanIdErr...

  • Page 53: Figure 6-4 Bridge Stat Clear

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: bridge stat clear <channel> This command erases the packet statistics for a specified channel. An example is shown next. ras> bridge stat clear 1 ras> bridge stat disp 1 ***Last Bridge Pkt code 17 WanInIP...

  • Page 55: Chapter 7 Wan Setup

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 7 WAN Setup This chapter provides the information on WAN configuration. WAN IP Address Assignment Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems.

  • Page 56: Multiplexing

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Multiplexing There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP. 7.3.1 VC-based Multiplexing In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit; for example, VC1 carries IP, etc.
  • Page 57 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.

  • Page 58: Interleave Delay

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) does not guarantee bandwidth or throughput. Cells are dropped if there is not enough bandwidth. Only the PCR is set. An example application is background file transfer. Table 7-2 Service Characteristic CHARACTERISTIC...

  • Page 59: Remote Node Configuration

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Remote node Configuration Syntax: wan node index [1-2] Use this command to set a remote node as the current node to apply node commands. An example is shown next. ras> wan node index 1 Figure 7-1 wan node index...

  • Page 60: Figure 7-4 Wan Node Ispname

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> wan node index 2 ras> wan node ispname Figure 7-4 wan node ispname Syntax: wan node enable Use this command to activate this node. You can check the node status by using the wan node display command.

  • Page 61: Figure 7-8 Wan Node Display

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: wan node display <ch-name> This command displays the settings for the current node. An example is shown next. ras> wan node display WAN node index = 1 Active = yes Route IP = off Brdige = on Name = MyISP Encapsulcation <RFC1483 >...

  • Page 62: Figure 7-11 Wan Node Vci

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> wan node vci 32 Figure 7-11 wan node vci Syntax: wan node qos <ubr|cbr|vbr> This is the ATM QoS type. An example is shown next. ras> wan node qos ubr Figure 7-12 wan node qos...

  • Page 63: 7.10 Adsl Configuration

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: wan node mbs <mbs> This is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. An example is shown next. ras> wan node mbs 10 Figure 7-15 wan node mbs 7.10 ADSL Configuration...

  • Page 64: Figure 7-18 Wan Adsl Linedata Near

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: wan adsl linedata near This command displays the adsl near end noise margin. An example is shown next. ras> wan adsl linedata near relative capacity occupation: 0% noise margin downstream: 21 db output power upstream: 11 db...

  • Page 65: Figure 7-22 Wan Adsl Opmode

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: wan adsl opmode This command displays the operational mode. An example is shown next. ras> wan adsl opmode DSL standard: NORMAL Figure 7-22 wan adsl opmode Syntax: wan adsl rateadap[on|off] This command turns on/off the automatic rate adaption mechanism.

  • Page 66: Figure 7-25 Wan Adsl Reset

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: wan adsl reset This command disconnects and re-initializes the adsl line An example is shown next. ras> wan adsl reset Figure 7-25 wan adsl reset Syntax: wan adsl status This command displays the line status; either up, down, or intialising An example is shown next.

  • Page 67: Chapter 8 Ip Configuration

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 8 IP Configuration This chapter provides the information on IP commands IP Address Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number.

  • Page 68: Introduction To Arp Table

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Introduction to ARP Table Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC address, on the local area network.

  • Page 69: Ping Commands

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Ping Commands Syntax: ip ping [-LRdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface address] host This command send ICMP echo request message to a remote host. The command options are case sensitive.

  • Page 70: Figure 8-3 Ping Commands Example-1

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Table 8-1 Ping Commands OPTION DESCRIPTION -i interval This is wait interval seconds between sending each packet. The default is to wait for one second between each packet normally, or not to wait in flood mode. Only super-user may set interval to values less 0.2 seconds.

  • Page 71: Static Route Overview

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> ip ping -R -c 3 192.168.1.1 PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.0 ms 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.0 ms (same route) 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.0 ms (same route) --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---...

  • Page 72: Figure 8-6 Ip Route Status

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: ip route status This command displays the routing information for static (manually entered) routes. An example is shown next. ras> ip route status Dest FF Len Device Gateway Metric stat Timer 192.168.1.0 00 24 enet0 192.168.1.1...

  • Page 73: Tcp/Ip

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Syntax: ip route flush <host addr> [/<bits>] Use this command to clear routing information. An example is shown next. ras> ip route flush Figure 8-8 ip route flush Syntax: ip route lookup <host addr> [/<bits>] Use this command to clear routing information.

  • Page 74: Figure 8-10 Ip Tcp Status

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide ras> ip tcp status ( 1)tcpRtoAlgorithm ( 2)tcpRtoMin ( 3)tcpRtoMax 4294967295 ( 4)tcpMaxConn 4294967295 ( 5)tcpActiveOpens ( 6)tcpPassiveOpens ( 7)tcpAttemptFails ( 8)tcpEstabResets ( 9)tcpCurrEstab (10)tcpInSegs (11)tcpOutSegs 1076 (12)tcpRetransSegs (14)tcpInErrs (15)tcpOutRsts &TCB Rcv-Q Snd-Q Local socket Remote socket...

  • Page 75: Chapter 9 Firmware Upload

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chapter 9 Firmware Upload This chapter tells you how to upload new firmware. Firmware Upload Overview Find firmware at www.zyxel.com and refer to the following sections for upgrading firmware. After a successful upload, the system will reboot.
  • Page 76 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Step 3. You will see the Upgrade-Tool screen. Click Update to proceed to upload new firmware to the Prestige or click Exit to quit. Step 4. Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor to restart the Prestige when prompted and click OK.
  • Page 77 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Step 6. Firmware upload is in progress; do not turn off the Prestige or disconnect the Ethernet cable. Step 7. The Prestige automatically restarts again. Step 8. The upload was successful. When you see the next screen, click OK. Wait few minutes before logging in again and check your new firmware version by using the sys version command (refer to the Checking System Firmware Version section).

  • Page 79: Appendices And Index

    Appendices and Index Part III: APPENDICES AND INDEX This part contains troubleshooting, additional background information and an index of key terms.

  • Page 81: Appendix A Troubleshooting

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Appendix A Troubleshooting This chapter covers potential problems and the corresponding remedies. Make sure you have securely attached the proper cables to the proper ports. Refer to Rear Panel section for this information. If your Prestige still does not work properly, refer to the table shown next.

  • Page 83: Appendix B Virtual Circuit Topology

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Appendix B Virtual Circuit Topology ATM is a connection-oriented technology, meaning that it sets up virtual circuits over which end systems communicate. The terminology for virtual circuits is as follows: • Virtual Channel Logical connections between ATM switches •...

  • Page 85: Chart C-1 Classes Of Ip Addresses

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Appendix C IP Subnetting IP Addressing Routers “route” based on the network number. The router that delivers the data packet to the correct destination host uses the host ID. IP Classes An IP address is made up of four octets (eight bits), written in dotted decimal notation, for example, 192.168.1.1.

  • Page 86: Appendix C Ip Subnetting

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide A class “A” address (24 host bits) can have 2 –2 hosts (approximately 16 million hosts). Since the first octet of a class “A” IP address must contain a “0”, the first octet of a class “A” address can have a value of 0 to 127.

  • Page 87: Chart C-4 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide of ones beginning from the left most bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits. Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left, followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask, you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet.

  • Page 88: Chart C-5 Subnet 1

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Divide the network 192.168.1.0 into two separate subnets by converting one of the host ID bits of the IP address to a network number bit. The “borrowed” host ID bit can be either “0” or “1” thus giving two subnets;...

  • Page 89: Chart C-7 Subnet 1

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide actual host for the first subnet is 192.168.1.1 and the highest is 192.168.1.126. Similarly the host ID range for the second subnet is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254. Example: Four Subnets The above example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a class “C” address space into two subnets.

  • Page 90: Chart C-10 Subnet 4

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chart C-10 Subnet 4 NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192.168.1. IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 11000000 Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Subnet Address: 192.168.1.192 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.193 Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.255 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254 Example Eight Subnets Similarly use a 27-bit mask to create 8 subnets (001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110).

  • Page 91: Chart C-12 Class C Subnet Planning

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chart C-12 Class C Subnet Planning NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET 255.255.255.128 (/25) 255.255.255.192 (/26) 255.255.255.224 (/27) 255.255.255.240 (/28) 255.255.255.248 (/29) 255.255.255.252 (/30) 255.255.255.254 (/31) Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks.
  • Page 92 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Chart C-13 Class B Subnet Planning NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET (/25) 255.255.255.192 1024 (/26) 255.255.255.224 2048 (/27) 255.255.255.240 4096 (/28) 255.255.255.248 8192 (/29) 255.255.255.252 16384 (/30) 255.255.255.254 32768...

  • Page 93: Appendix D Setting Up Your Computer's Ip Address

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer.

  • Page 94: Installing Components

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Installing Components The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need the adapter: In the Network window, click Add.
  • Page 95 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Click the IP Address tab. -If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically. -If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.
  • Page 96 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Click the Gateway tab. -If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways. -If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add. Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.
  • Page 97 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Windows 2000/NT/XP For Windows XP, click start, Control Panel. In Windows 2000/NT, click Start, Settings, Control Panel. For Windows XP, click Network Right-click Local Area Connection and Connections. For Windows 2000/NT, click then click Properties. Network and Dial-up Connections.
  • Page 98 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click Properties. The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP). -If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.
  • Page 99 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide -If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK. Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses: -In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.
  • Page 100 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP): -Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es). -If you know your DNS server IP address(es),...
  • Page 101 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Macintosh OS 8/9 Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP Control Panel. Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list. Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address...
  • Page 102 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list. For statically assigned settings, do the following: -From the Configure box, select Manually. -Type your IP address in the IP Address box. -Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
  • Page 103 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Click Network in the icon bar. - Select Automatic from the Location list. - Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list. - Click the TCP/IP tab. For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.

  • Page 105: Appendix E Index

    Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Appendix E Index Address Assignment ........7-1 FCC..............iii ADSL Configuration........7-9 Filename Conventions ........9-1 ADSL, what is it?..........xvii Flow Control............ 5-1 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation....C-3 ARP..............8-2 ATM..............7-2 G.Hs..............7-4 auto-negotiation ..........1-2 Host IDs............C-1...
  • Page 106 Prestige 650M-6x User’s Guide Subnet Masks ..........C-2 Subnetting............C-2 NAT..............8-1 Supporting Disk..........xv Network Management ........1-3 Syntax Conventions........... xv System Commands ...........3-1 Password............2-2 Ping..............8-2 TCP/IP..............8-7 Point-to-Point...........xvii Telnet Interface..........2-2 Private IP Address ........... 7-1 Traffic Shaping..........7-3 Transmission Rates...........1-2...

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