Ricoh D109 Service Training page 66

Core Technology Manual
Transfer roller cleaning
Slide 66
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Image transfer and paper separation
You may want to know where the positively charged toner
came from as the toner gets a negative charge in the
development unit. Almost all of the toner on the transfer
roller is negative (>98%). However, stress and pressure
applied to toner particles (for example at the cleaning blade
or at times of recycle) can cause a very small percent to
take on a slight positive charge.
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