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SECTION 10 – HAZARD
AVOIDANCE
Manual System Test
A system test is automatically performed at power-up.
After successful completion of the test, "TAWS System
Test, OK" will be heard.
The system test may also be initiated manually, but
only when the aircraft is on the ground. To manually verify
proper operation of the aural and visual annunciations
of the system, perform the following steps.
1) While the TAWS Page is displayed, press the MENU
Key.
2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select 'Test TAWS'.
3) Press the ENT Key. During the test 'TAWS TEST' is
displayed in the center of the TAWS Page.
When all is in working order, " TAWS System Test,
OK " will be heard.
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA)
The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance alert is
composed of two sub-functions:
Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and
Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC)
This provides alerts when the aircraft flight path
is above terrain and/or obstacles, yet is projected to
come within minimum clearance values outlined in the
following table. When an RTC or ROC alert is issued, a
potential impact point is displayed on the TAWS Page as
a yellow or red 'X'.
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) and Imminent
Obstacle Impact (IOI)
This provides alerts when the aircraft is below the
elevation of terrain in the aircraft' s projected path. ITI and
IOI alerts are accompanied by a potential impact point
displayed on the TAWS Page as a yellow or red 'X'. The
alert is given when the projected vertical flight path is
calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes
in the following table.
10-12
Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide for the Columbia 350/400
Phase of Flight
Level Flight
Enroute
Terminal
Approach
Departure
During the final approach phase of flight, RTC/ROC/
ITI/IOI alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft
is below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 nm of the approach
runway or is below 125 feet AGL while within 1 nm of the
runway.
Premature Descent Alert (PDA)
A Premature Descent Alert is issued when the system
detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal
approach path to a runway. The PDA alert mode functions
only during descent to land.
PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15
nm of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft
is either 0.5 nm from the runway threshold OR is at
an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1 nm of the
threshold. During the final descent, algorithms will set a
threshold for alerting based on speed, distance, and other
parameters.
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Runway
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Threshold
Distance From Destination Airport (nm)
Figure 10-18 PDA Alerting
Descending
700 ft
500 ft
350 ft
300 ft
150 ft
100 ft
100 ft
100 ft
"Too Low, Terrain"
"Too Low, Terrain"
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190-00567-01 Rev. A
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