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the ground to
If all the rest of the wo o d were removed at one cutting
that the above
from a crowded into a comparatively open position
would probably be th
h ey must
t
so a s to Obtain a firmer hold of the ground
the preparatory cuttings
view
the preparatory cuttings are of more importance in the
case of shallow
under Opposite conditions
trees which are to form the ultim
be sel
cted from the beginning
with medium crowns
uantity
in case the first s
iii
in a more op
the production of seed
r equently such a measu r e is follo
f
of wood instead of seed
iv
h abit of p roducing s
h t
mig
made t o place annually a suitabl e area into the
seeding stage
succ
ssive y
ab undant seed only afte
to take full advantag
as large an area as possible into the seeding stag
r epa r ato r y cuttings h ad been made
p
lead to an excessiv
yi
ld in other yea
r ther duty of assisting in the prop
fu
V
r y stage should comprise one or s
parato
be d
termin
h case
eac
T URAL R
shelter to the young crop and the soil
m
ntioned shelter trees were suddenly broug
r own by the fir st gale
placed only gradually in a more Open position
rooted species and very dense woods
likely to p
P
n po sition
b ut this cannot always be relied on
ed regula
and thu s dist
ars
however
r i rr egular intervals
of
yi
ld in every seed year
r s
H
r ehand
d befo
ome
imes such cuttings a
TI O N OF
N
RA
It follows that
th
y should b e healthy trees
r oduce s
eding should fail
r ally a b
gene
ed by inc
forest trees were in the
r ly eve r y yea r
r ibute the cuttings equ a lly over
most forest trees produce
r y such opportunity to bring
ve
r eparatory cuttings fulfil the
ence
p
r dist
it depends on the ci
r e altoget h e r unnecess a ry
O O D
To avoid t
This i s done by
r om thi s point of
f
a te shelter
ed in su
P lacing
neficial e
r eased p r o ductio
arrangements
it is necessa
such a treatment would
and littl
r ibution of t h e yi
h er t h e pre
t
r al cut
ve
r cumstances of
so
h t
they
h is
than
wood must
cient
trees
ect upon
a s
r y
If no
or no
ld
ings cannot
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