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National Instruments NI 784xR User Manual

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Intelligent DAQ
NI R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual
NI 781xR, 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR Devices
R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual
June 2008
370489F-01

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Summary of Contents for National Instruments NI 784xR

  • Page 1 Intelligent DAQ NI R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual NI 781xR, 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR Devices R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual June 2008 370489F-01...
  • Page 2 Thailand 662 278 6777, Turkey 90 212 279 3031, United Kingdom 44 (0) 1635 523545 For further support information, refer to the Technical Support and Professional Services appendix. To comment on National Instruments documentation, refer to the National Instruments Web site at and enter ni.com/info the info code feedback ©...

  • Page 3: Important Information

    Instruments Corporation. National Instruments respects the intellectual property of others, and we ask our users to do the same. NI software is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. Where NI software may be used to reproduce software or other materials belonging to others, you may use NI software only to reproduce materials that you may reproduce in accordance with the terms of any applicable license or other legal restriction.
  • Page 4 These classes are known as Class A (for use in industrial-commercial locations only) or Class B (for use in residential or commercial locations). All National Instruments (NI) products are FCC Class A products. Depending on where it is operated, this Class A product could be subject to restrictions in the FCC rules. (In Canada, the Department of Communications (DOC), of Industry Canada, regulates wireless interference in much the same way.) Digital...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR NI 7811R Overview...2-3 NI 7813R Overview...2-3 NI 7830R Overview...2-3 NI 7831R/7833R Overview ...2-4 NI 784xR Overview...2-4 NI 785xR Overview...2-4 Analog Input (Multifunction R Series Only) ...2-4 Input Modes...2-5 Input Range ...2-5 Connecting Analog Input Signals ...2-6 ©...
  • Page 6 PXI Local Bus (NI PXI-781xR/783xR Only) ... 2-21 Switch Settings (NI 781xR/783xR Only)... 2-23 +5 V Power Source... 2-28 Device Fuse Replacement (NI 784xR/785xR Only) ... 2-29 Field Wiring Considerations (NI 783xR/784xR/785xR Only) ... 2-31 Chapter 3 Calibration (NI 783xR/784xR/785xR Only) Loading Calibration Constants ...

  • Page 7: About This Manual

    About This Manual This manual describes the electrical and mechanical aspects of the National Instruments 781xR/783xR/784xR/785xR devices and contains information about programming and using the devices. Conventions The following conventions appear in this manual: <> Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit or signal name—for example,...

  • Page 8: Related Documentation

    Multifunction R Series refers to the NI 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR, which provide both analog and digital I/O. NI 78xxR NI 781xR, 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR refer to all PXI and PCI R Series devices. Text in this font denotes a specific platform and indicates that the text Platform following it applies only to that platform.
  • Page 9 • © National Instruments Corporation information about using the FPGA Module to create VIs that run on the NI 78xxR device. – LabVIEW FPGA Module Release and Upgrade Notes—Contains information about installing the LabVIEW FPGA Module, describes new features, and provides upgrade information.

  • Page 10: Additional Resources

    PICMG CompactPCI 2.0 R3.0 PXI Hardware Specification Revision 2.1 PXI Software Specification Revision 2.1 National Instruments Example Finder—LabVIEW contains an extensive library of VIs and example programs for use with R Series devices. To access the NI Example Finder, open LabVIEW and select Help»Find Examples, then select Hardware Input and Output»...

  • Page 11: Introduction

    You can change the functionality of the FPGA on the R Series device in LabVIEW using the LabVIEW FPGA Module to create and download a custom virtual © National Instruments Corporation I/O Channels FPGA...

  • Page 12: Using Pxi With Compactpci

    Chapter 1 Introduction instrument (VI) to the FPGA. Using the FPGA Module, you can graphically design the timing and functionality of the R Series device. If you only have LabVIEW but not the FPGA Module, you cannot create new FPGA VIs, but you can create VIs that run on Windows or a LabVIEW Real-Time (RT) target to control existing FPGA VIs.

  • Page 13: Overview Of Reconfigurable I/O

    You can implement this user-defined behavior as an FPGA VI to create an application-specific I/O device. © National Instruments Corporation Table 1-2. Pins Used by the NI PXI-78xxR PXI Pin Name PXI Trigger<0..7>...

  • Page 14: Flexible Functionality

    Chapter 1 Introduction Flexible Functionality Flexible functionality allows the NI 78xxR to match individual application requirements and to mimic the functionality of fixed I/O devices. For example, you can configure an R Series device in one application for three 32-bit quadrature encoders and then reconfigure the R Series device in another application for eight 16-bit event counters.

  • Page 15: Reconfigurable I/O Architecture

    The functions use varied amounts of logic. You can place useful applications in the FPGA. How much FPGA space your application requires depends on your need for I/O recovery, I/O, and logic algorithms. © National Instruments Corporation FPGA Bus Interface Figure 1-1. High-Level FPGA Functional Overview...

  • Page 16: Reconfigurable I/O Applications

    Chapter 1 Introduction The FPGA does not retain the VI when the R Series device is powered off, so you must reload the VI each time you power on the device. You can load the VI from onboard flash memory or from software over the bus interface. One advantage to using flash memory is that the VI can start executing almost immediately after power up, instead of waiting for the computer to completely boot and load the FPGA VI.

  • Page 17: Labview Real-Time Module

    If you use the R Series device without the FPGA Module, you can use the RIO Note Device Setup utility, available by selecting Start»All Programs»National Instruments» NI-RIO»RIO Device Setup to download precomplied FPGA VIs to the flash memory of the R Series device. This utility installs with NI-RIO. You also can use the utility to...

  • Page 18: Cables And Accessories

    Chapter 1 Introduction Cables and Accessories National Instruments offers a variety of products you can use with R Series devices, including cables, connector blocks, and other accessories, as shown in Table 1-3. Cable Connector SHC68-68-RMIO (NI Recommended) SHC68-68-RDIO 1, 2...

  • Page 19: Custom Cabling

    The following is a description of pollution degrees: • • © National Instruments Corporation Signals, for the NI 78xxR connector pinouts. Pollution Degree 1 means no pollution or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.
  • Page 20 Chapter 1 Introduction • You must insulate signal connections for the maximum voltage for which the device is rated. Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the device. Do not install wiring while the device is live with electrical signals. Do not remove or add connector blocks when power is connected to the system.
  • Page 21 • • © National Instruments Corporation Measurement Category III is for measurements performed in the building installation at the distribution level. This category refers to measurements on hard-wired equipment such as equipment in fixed installations, distribution boards, and circuit breakers. Other examples...

  • Page 22: Hardware Overview Of The Ni 78Xxr

    User-Configurable FPGA on Digital I/O (40) RIO Devices Digital I/O (40) Digital I/O (40) Digital I/O (40) © National Instruments Corporation Configuration Control Flash Memory Data/Address/Control Interface PXI Local Bus (NI PXI-781x R Only) RTSI Bus Figure 2-1. NI 781xR Block Diagram...
  • Page 23 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Input Mux AI– Input Mode Mux AISENSE AIGND Reference Calibration 16-Bit Digital I/O (16) Digital I/O (40) R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual Calibration DACs 16-Bit Instrumentation Ampliflier – x4 Channels User- Voltage Temperature Sensor...

  • Page 24: Ni 7811R Overview

    NI 7830R Overview The NI 7830R has four independent, 16-bit AI channels; four independent, 16-bit AO channels; 56 bidirectional DIO lines that you can configure individually for input or output; and a Virtex-II XC2V1000 FPGA. © National Instruments Corporation Calibration DACs 16-Bit...

  • Page 25: Ni 7831R/7833R Overview

    Virtex-II XC2V3000 FPGA. NI 784xR Overview The NI 784xR each have eight independent, 16-bit AI channels; eight independent, 16-bit AO channels; and 96 bidirectional DIO lines that you can configure individually for input or output. The NI PXI-7841R has a Virtex-5 LX30 FPGA, and the NI PXI-7842R has a Virtex-5 LX50 FPGA.

  • Page 26: Input Modes

    The negative input of the instrumentation amplifier on each AI channel connects internally to the AISENSE input pin. Input Range The NI 783xR/784xR/785xR AI range is fixed at ±10 V. © National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 AI Voltage –9.999695 –10.000000 Output Code ×...

  • Page 27: Connecting Analog Input Signals

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Connecting Analog Input Signals The AI signals for the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR are AI<0..n>+, AI<0..n>–, AIGND, and AISENSE. For the NI 7830R, n=4. For the NI 7831R/7833R/784xR/785xR, n=8. The AI<0..n>+ and AI<0..n>– signals are connected to the eight AI channels of the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR.
  • Page 28 Floating Signal Sources these input modes. If you have a grounded source, do not reference the signal to AIGND. You can avoid this reference by using DIFF or NRSE input modes. © National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Instrumentation Amplifier –...

  • Page 29: Types Of Signal Sources

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Types of Signal Sources When configuring the input channels and making signal connections, you must first determine whether the signal sources are floating or ground referenced. The following sections describe these two signal types. Floating Signal Sources A floating signal source is not connected to the building ground system but instead has an isolated ground-reference point.
  • Page 30 See text for information on bias resistors. Single-Ended— Ground Referenced (RSE) Single-Ended— Nonreferenced (NRSE) See text for information on bias resistors. © National Instruments Corporation Signal Source Type Floating Signal Source Examples • Ungrounded Thermocouples • Signal Conditioning with Isolated Outputs • Battery Devices AI<i>(+) –...

  • Page 31: Differential Connection Considerations (Diff Input Mode)

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Differential Connection Considerations (DIFF Input Mode) In DIFF input mode, the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR measures the difference between the positive and negative inputs. DIFF input mode is ideal for measuring ground-referenced signals from other devices. When using DIFF input mode, the input signal connects to the positive input of the instrumentation amplifier and its reference signal, or return, connects to the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier.

  • Page 32: Differential Connections For Ground-Referenced Signal Sources

    The instrumentation amplifier can reject common-mode signals when V+ ranges. Refer to the NI R Series Intelligent DAQ Specifications, available at ni.com/manuals © National Instruments Corporation AI– AISENSE AIGND DIFF Input Mode Selected Figure 2-6.

  • Page 33: Differential Connections For Nonreferenced Or Floating Signal Sources

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Differential Connections for Nonreferenced or Floating Signal Sources Figure 2-7 shows how to connect a floating signal source to a channel on the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR configured in DIFF input mode. Bias Resistors Floating (see text) Signal...

  • Page 34: Single-Ended Connection Considerations

    • • • © National Instruments Corporation The input signal is high-level (>1 V). The leads connecting the signal to the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR are less than 3 m (10 ft). The input signal can share a common reference point with other signals.

  • Page 35: Single-Ended Connections For Floating Signal Sources (Rse Input Mode)

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Use DIFF input connections for greater signal integrity for any input signal that does not meet the preceding conditions. You can configure the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR channels in software for RSE or NRSE input modes. Use the RSE input mode for floating signal sources.

  • Page 36: Single-Ended Connections For Grounded Signal Sources (Nrse Input Mode)

    Source – Common- Mode Noise and Ground – Potential I/O Connector © National Instruments Corporation AI– AISENSE AIGND NRSE Input Mode Selected Figure 2-9. Single-Ended Input Connections for Ground-Referenced Signals 2-15 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Instrumentation...

  • Page 37: Common-Mode Signal Rejection Considerations

    Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR Common-Mode Signal Rejection Considerations Figure 2-6 and Figure 2-9 show connections for signal sources that are already referenced to some ground point with respect to the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR. In these cases, the instrumentation amplifier can reject any voltage caused by ground potential differences between the signal source and the device.

  • Page 38: Connecting Analog Output Signals

    DGND and DIO<0..15>. The DIO<0..n> signals make up the DIO port and DGND is the ground reference signal for the DIO port. The NI 781xR has four RDIO connectors for a total of 160 DIO lines. The © National Instruments Corporation Load VOUT 0 –...
  • Page 39 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR NI 7830R has one RMIO and one RDIO connector for a total of 56 DIO lines. The NI 7831R/7833R/784xR/785xR has one RMIO and two RDIO connectors for a total of 96 DIO lines. Refer to Figure A-1, for the connector locations and the I/O connector pin assignments on the NI 781xR.
  • Page 40 Digital input applications include receiving TTL, LVTTL, CMOS, or LVCMOS signals and sensing external device states, such as the state of the switch shown in Figure 2-11. Digital output applications include sending TTL or LVCMOS signals and driving external devices, such as the LED shown in Figure 2-11.
  • Page 41 Table 2-4. DIO Signal Guidelines for the NI 78xxR Device Digital Lines NI 781xR DIO<0..27> DIO<28..39> NI 783xR, Connector 0, DIO<0..7>; NI 784xR, Connector 1, DIO<0..27>; NI 785xR Connector 2, DIO<0..27> Connector 0, DIO<8..15>; Connector 1, DIO<28..39>; Connector 2, DIO<28..39> R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...

  • Page 42: Rtsi Trigger Bus

    Each local bus is 13 lines wide. All of these lines connect to the FPGA on the NI PXI-781xR/783xR. © National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR for more information about www.pxisa.org...
  • Page 43 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR The PXI local bus right lines on the NI PXI-781xR/783xR are PXI/LBR<0..12>. The PXI local bus left lines on the NI PXI-781xR/783xR are PXI/LBLSTAR<0..12>. The NI PXI-781xR/783xR can configure each PXI local bus line either as an input or an output signal.

  • Page 44: Switch Settings (Ni 781Xr/783Xr Only)

    SW1 is in the OFF position. To prevent a VI stored in flash memory from loading to the FPGA at power up, move SW1 to the ON position, as shown in Figure 2-17. Note SW2 and SW3 are not connected. © National Instruments Corporation PXI Star LBLStar0 LBR0 LBR0...
  • Page 45 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR SW1, SW2, SW3 Figure 2-13. Switch Location on the NI PCI-781xR R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual 2-24 ni.com...
  • Page 46 N I P X I- 7 8 1 1 R e c o n fi g u ra b le I/ O Figure 2-14. Switch Location on the NI PXI-781xR © National Instruments Corporation 2-25 R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...
  • Page 47 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview of the NI 78xxR SW1, SW2, SW3 Figure 2-15. Switch Location on the NI PCI-783xR R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual 2-26 ni.com...
  • Page 48 Complete the following steps to prevent a VI stored in flash memory from loading to the FPGA: © National Instruments Corporation Figure 2-16. Switch Location on the NI PXI-783xR 1 2 3 a. Normal Operation (Default) Figure 2-17. Switch Settings Power off and unplug the PXI/CompactPCI chassis or PCI computer.

  • Page 49: +5 V Power Source

    When the NI 781xR/783xR is powered on with SW1 in the ON position, the analog Note circuitry does not return properly calibrated data. Move the switch to the ON position only while you are using software to reconfigure the NI 781xR/783xR for the desired power-up behavior.

  • Page 50: Device Fuse Replacement (Ni 784Xr/785Xr Only)

    NI 784xR/785xR devices have a replaceable fuse, Littelfuse part number 0453004 (NI part number 766247-01), that protects the device from overcurrent through the power connector. To replace a broken fuse in the NI 784xR/785xR, complete the following steps: © National Instruments Corporation...
  • Page 51 R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual Replace the broken fuse while referring to Figure 2-18 for the fuse locations. Figure 2-18. NI 784xR/785xR Replacement Fuse Location Reinstall the PCI or PXI device into the computer or PXI chassis. 2-30 ni.com...

  • Page 52: Field Wiring Considerations (Ni 783Xr/784Xr/785Xr Only)

    • Refer to the NI Developer Zone tutorial, Field Wiring and Noise Considerations for Analog Signals, at © National Instruments Corporation Use differential AI connections to reject common-mode noise. Use individually shielded, twisted-pair wires to connect AI signals to the device. With this type of wire, the signals attached to the positive and negative inputs are twisted together and then covered with a shield.

  • Page 53: Calibration (Ni 783Xr/784Xr/785Xr Only)

    NI provides software to perform an internal calibration. This internal calibration process, which generally takes less than two minutes, is the preferred method of assuring accuracy in your © National Instruments Corporation , for more information calibration levels. The onboard R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...

  • Page 54: External Calibration

    The NI 78xxR Calibration Utility does not support NI 781xR devices. Note If you have NI-RIO installed, you can find the internal calibration utility at Start»All Programs»National Instruments»NI-RIO»Calibrate 78xxR Device. Device is the NI PXI-783xR/784xR/785xR or NI PCI-783xR device. Immediately after internal calibration, the only significant residual calibration error is gain error due to time and temperature drift of the onboard voltage reference.
  • Page 55 To externally calibrate your device, use an external reference several times more accurate than the device itself. For more information on externally calibrating your NI 783xR/784xR/785xR device, refer to the NI 783xR Calibration Procedure for NI-RIO, found on ni.com/manuals © National Instruments Corporation R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...
  • Page 56 Figure A-2 shows the I/O connector pin assignments and locations for NI PCI-7830R/7831R/7833R and the NI PXI-7830R/7831R/7833R/ 7841R/7842R/7851R/7852R/7853R/7854R. Note The NI PXI-7830R and NI PCI-7830R do not have Connector 2 (RDIO). © National Instruments Corporation R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...
  • Page 57 Appendix A Connecting I/O Signals 68 34 DIO39 DIO37 67 33 DIO35 66 32 DIO33 65 31 64 30 DIO31 63 29 DIO29 DIO27 62 28 61 27 DIO26 60 26 DIO25 DIO24 59 25 DIO23 58 24 57 23 DIO22 56 22 DIO21...
  • Page 58 DIO3 TERMINAL 35 DGND DIO2 DIO1 DGND DGND DIO0 Figure A-2. NI 783xR/784xR/785xR Connector Pin Assignments and Locations © National Instruments Corporation TERMINAL 1 TERMINAL 35 TERMINAL 1 TERMINAL 1 TERMINAL 34 TERMINAL 68 Appendix A Connecting I/O Signals 68 34 AI0–...
  • Page 59 Appendix A Connecting I/O Signals To access the signals on the I/O connectors, you must connect a cable from the I/O connector to a signal accessory. Plug the small VHDCI connector end of the cable into the appropriate I/O connector and connect the other end of the cable to the appropriate signal accessory.
  • Page 60 AO<0..7> AOGND Digital Signals (All NI 78xxR Devices) DIO<0..39> Connector<0..3> (NI 781xR) DIO<0..15> Connector 0 (NI 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR) DIO<0..39> Connector <1..2> (NI 783xR, NI 784xR, and NI 785xR) AI = Analog Input AO = Analog Output ©...
  • Page 61 Appendix A Connecting I/O Signals Connecting to 5B and SSR Analog Signal Conditioning (NI 783xR/784xR/785xR Only) NI provides cables that allow you to connect signals from the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR directly to 5B backplanes for analog signal conditioning and SSR backplanes for digital signal conditioning. The NSC68-262650 cable connects the signals on the NI 783xR/784xR/785xR RMIO connector directly to 5B and SSR backplanes.
  • Page 62 SSR backplanes for digital signal conditioning. This cable has a 68-pin male VHDCI connector on one end that plugs into the NI 78xxR RDIO connectors. The other end of this cable provides two 50-pin female headers. © National Instruments Corporation AI0+ AI0– AIGND0 AI1–...
  • Page 63 Appendix A Connecting I/O Signals You can plug each of these 50-pin headers directly into an 8-, 16-, 24-, or 32-channel SSR backplane for digital signal conditioning. One of the 50-pin headers contains DIO<0..23> from the NI 78xxR RDIO connector. These lines correspond to Slots <0..23>...
  • Page 64 Refer to Figure B-1 for the general-purpose switch configuration. Figure B-1. General-Purpose Switch Configuration for the SCB-68 Terminal Block After configuring the SCB-68 switches, you can connect the I/O signals to the SCB-68 screw terminals. Refer to Appendix A, for the connector pin assignments for the NI 78xxR.
  • Page 65 Technical Support and Professional Services Visit the following sections of the award-winning National Instruments Web site at • • • © National Instruments Corporation for technical support and professional services: ni.com Support—Technical support resources at the following: – Self-Help Technical Resources—For answers and solutions,...
  • Page 66 Appendix C Technical Support and Professional Services • • If you searched your local office or NI corporate headquarters. Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed at the front of this manual. You also can visit the Worldwide Offices section of office Web sites, which provide up-to-date contact information, support phone numbers, email addresses, and current events.
  • Page 67 Less than. ≤ Less than or equal to. – Negative of, or minus. Ω Ohms. Per. Percent. ± Plus or minus. Positive of, or plus. © National Instruments Corporation Value –12 –9 – 6 –3 R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual...
  • Page 68 Application-Specific Integrated Circuit—A proprietary semiconductor component designed and manufactured to perform a set of specific functions. bipolar A signal range that includes both positive and negative values (for example, –5 to +5 V). R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual © National Instruments Corporation...
  • Page 69 Decibel—The unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels: dB = 20log10 V1/V2, for signals in volts. Direct current. DGND Digital ground signal. DIFF Differential mode. © National Instruments Corporation R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual Glossary...
  • Page 70 A configuration that is downloaded to the FPGA and that determines the functionality of the hardware. glitch An unwanted signal excursion of short duration that is usually unavoidable. Hour. Hardware-in-the-loop. Hertz. R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual © National Instruments Corporation...
  • Page 71 Multiplexer—A switching device with multiple inputs that sequentially connects each of its inputs to its output, typically at high speeds, in order to measure several signals with a single analog input channel. © National Instruments Corporation R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual Glossary...
  • Page 72 (2) A digital port, consisting of four or eight lines of digital input and/or output. Parts per million. Pull-up. Pulse-width modulation. PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation—An open specification that builds off the CompactPCI specification by adding instrumentation-specific features. R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual © National Instruments Corporation...
  • Page 73 The voltage rate of change as a function of time. The maximum slew rate of an amplifier is often a key specification to its performance. Slew rate limitations are first seen as distortion at higher signal frequencies. © National Instruments Corporation R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual Glossary...
  • Page 74 Volts, input high. Volts, input low. Volts, output high. Volts, output low. Volts, root mean square. waveform Multiple voltage readings taken at a specific sampling rate. R Series Intelligent DAQ User Manual © National Instruments Corporation...

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