FLIR Ax5 series User Manual
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FLIR Ax5 series User Manual

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Summary of Contents for FLIR Ax5 series

  • Page 1 User’s manual FLIR Ax5 series...
  • Page 3 User’s manual FLIR Ax5 series #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    8.2.2 Procedure ..............13 Downloads ..................14 About I/O, synchronization, and measurement ........15 10.1 FLIR Ax5 series General Purpose I/O .......... 15 10.2 FLIR Ax5 series synchronization ..........15 10.3 FLIR Ax5 series measurement ........... 16 Cleaning the camera ................ 19 11.1...
  • Page 6 Table of contents 13.4 GP input/output schematics ............22 Declaration of conformity ..............23 About FLIR Systems ................ 24 15.1 More than just an infrared camera ..........25 15.2 Sharing our knowledge ............25 15.3 Supporting our customers............25 15.4 A few images from our facilities ..........

  • Page 7: Legal Disclaimer

    Products which are not manufactured by FLIR Systems but included in systems deliv- ered by FLIR Systems to the original purchaser, carry the warranty, if any, of the particu- lar supplier only. FLIR Systems has no responsibility whatsoever for such products.

  • Page 8: Quality Assurance

    1.8 EULA Terms • You have acquired a device (“INFRARED CAMERA”) that includes software licensed by FLIR Systems AB from Microsoft Licensing, GP or its affiliates (“MS”). Those in- stalled software products of MS origin, as well as associated media, printed materials, and “online”...
  • Page 9 Legal disclaimer IS WITH YOU. ALSO, THERE IS NO WARRANTY AGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH YOUR ENJOYMENT OF THE SOFTWARE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT. IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED ANY WARRANTIES REGARDING THE DEVICE OR THE SOFTWARE, THOSE WARRANTIES DO NOT ORIGINATE FROM, AND ARE NOT BINDING ON, MS.

  • Page 10: Warning, Caution

    • (Applies only to cameras featuring Wi-Fi.) Radiofrequency radiation exposure In- formation: For body worn operation, this camera has been tested and meets the FCC RF exposure guidelines when used with the FLIR Systems accessories supplied or designated for this product. Use of other accessories may not ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure guidelines.
  • Page 11 • Do not attach the batteries directly to a car’s cigarette lighter socket, unless a spe- cific adapter for connecting the batteries to a cigarette lighter socket is provided by FLIR Systems. • Do not connect the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery to each other with a metal object (such as wire).
  • Page 12 • (Applies only to FLIR A3xx f/A3xx pt series cameras.) • Except as described in this manual, do not open the FLIR A3xx pt/A3xx f series camera for any reason. Disassembly of the camera (including removal of the cover) can cause permanent damage and will void the warranty.

  • Page 13: Notice To User

    3.7 Important note about this manual FLIR Systems issues generic manuals that cover several cameras within a model line. This means that this manual may contain descriptions and explanations that do not apply to your particular camera model.

  • Page 14: Customer Help

    • The communication protocol, or method, between the camera and your device (for ex- ample, HDMI, Ethernet, USB, or FireWire) • Device type (PC/Mac/iPhone/iPad/Android device, etc.) • Version of any programs from FLIR Systems • Full name, publication number, and revision number of the manual 4.3 Downloads On the customer help site you can also download the following: •...

  • Page 15: Introduction

    Introduction The FLIR Ax5 series cameras have features and functions that make them the natural choice for anyone who uses PC software to solve problems. Available resolutions include 80 × 64, 160 × 128, and 320 × 256 pixels. Among their main features are GigE Vision and GenICam compliance, which makes them plug-and-play when used with software packages such as IMAQ Vision and Halcon.

  • Page 16: Parts Lists

    • User documentation CD-ROM * Dependent on the camera model. Note FLIR Systems reserves the right to discontinue models, parts or accessories, and other items, or to change specifications at any time without prior notice. 6.2 Accessories • T198349, Base support •...

  • Page 17: Mechanical Installation

    FLIR Systems provides P/ N T198349 (base support) for this purpose, but other base supports or heat sinks can be used.

  • Page 18: Focusing The Camera

    Focusing the camera 8.1 Focusing cameras with 5, 9, 13, and 19 mm lenses 8.1.1 Necessary tools Focus adjustment tool (included in the package for cameras with 5, 9, 13, and 19 mm lenses). 8.1.2 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Note the four pegs on the inside of the focus adjustment tool. 2.

  • Page 19: Focusing Cameras With 25 Mm Lenses

    Focusing the camera 8.2 Focusing cameras with 25 mm lenses CAUTION Do not use the focus adjustment tool when focusing cameras with a 25 mm lens. 8.2.1 Necessary tools Allen wrench, 1.5 mm. 8.2.2 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Unlock the clamp by loosening the Allen screw. 2.

  • Page 20: Downloads

    Downloads The principal software used to configure and control the camera is FLIR GEV Demo 1.3.0. This software is based on the PleoraeBus SDK and the runtime Pleora GEVPlayer that comes with the SDK. Downloads: • http://support.flir.com/Ax5-software • Link to download PureGEV SDK Sample (source code): http://support.flir.com/ SwDownload/app/RssSWDownload.aspx?ID=133...

  • Page 21: About I/O, Synchronization, And Measurement

    About I/O, synchronization, and measurement 10.1 FLIR Ax5 series General Purpose I/O The FLIR Ax5 series camera has one general-purpose input line and one output line that can be used in control applications. Typical usage: • The output line is asserted when an alarm condition is met.

  • Page 22: Flir Ax5 Series Measurement

    SYNC_OUT port if set to ExtSyncMaster. 10.3 FLIR Ax5 series measurement The FLIR Ax5 camera has an option to output 14-bit digital video that is temperature linear. Each count in the temperature-linear video corresponds to either 0.04 K or 0.4 K in 14-bit video, depending on the selected resolution.
  • Page 23 OInt register. The FLIR GEV Demo sample illustrates how to perform this kind of calibration. Please note that you will need to save the current settings if you want the new offset value to be persistent.
  • Page 24 About I/O, synchronization, and measurement Note The default values for the object parameters are set to values that will have no impact on the conver- sion between detector signal values and corrected signal values. #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 25: Cleaning The Camera

    Cleaning the camera 11.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items 11.1.1 Liquids Use one of these liquids: • Warm water • A weak detergent solution 11.1.2 Equipment A soft cloth 11.1.3 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Soak the cloth in the liquid. 2.

  • Page 26: Technical Data

    For technical data on this product, refer to the product catalog and/or technical data- sheets on the User Documentation CD-ROM that comes with the product. The product catalog and the datasheets are also available at http://support.flir.com. #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 27: Pin Configurations And Schematics

    1 × opto-isolated, “0” < 2, “1” = 2–40 VDC GPI- GP Input return Cables for the M12 connector are available from FLIR Systems. See the part numbers below. • T127605, Cable M12 pigtail. • T127606, Cable M12 sync. 13.2 Pig-tail end of cable Figure 13.2 Mapping table, signal type to cable color.

  • Page 28: Sync Input/Output Schematics

    Pin configurations and schematics 13.3 SYNC input/output schematics Figure 13.3 Schematics of SYNC input and output. 13.4 GP input/output schematics Figure 13.4 Schematics of GP input and output. #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 29: Declaration Of Conformity

    Declaration of conformity #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 30: About Flir Systems

    —together with a worldwide network of agents and distributors—support our internation- al customer base. FLIR Systems is at the forefront of innovation in the infrared camera industry. We antici- pate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing new ones.

  • Page 31: More Than Just An Infrared Camera

    10 L (2.6 US gallon) jar with liquid nitrogen. To the left of the oscilloscope the Polaroid attachment (6 kg/13 lb.) can be seen. RIGHT: FLIR i7 from 2012. Weight: 0.34 kg (0.75 lb.), including the battery.

  • Page 32: A Few Images From Our Facilities

    About FLIR Systems 15.4 A few images from our facilities Figure 15.3 LEFT: Development of system electronics; RIGHT: Testing of an FPA detector Figure 15.4 LEFT: Diamond turning machine; RIGHT: Lens polishing Figure 15.5 LEFT: Testing of infrared cameras in the climatic chamber; RIGHT: Robot used for camera testing and calibration #T559770;...

  • Page 33: Glossary

    Glossary absorption The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the re- (absorption ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1. factor) atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera, nor- mally air. autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correction. autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors, displaying cold objects as well as hot ones at the same time.
  • Page 34 Glossary image correc- A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts of tion (internal or live images and also of stabilizing the camera. external) infrared Non-visible radiation, having a wavelength from about 2–13 μm. infrared isotherm A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above, below or between one or more temperature intervals.
  • Page 35 Glossary span The interval of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a signal value. spectral (radi- Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area and ant) emittance wavelength (W/m /μm) temperature A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temperature difference, or values.

  • Page 36: Thermographic Measurement Techniques

    Thermographic measurement techniques 17.1 Introduction An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object. The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature. However, the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tempera- ture of the object but is also a function of the emissivity.
  • Page 37 Thermographic measurement techniques 17.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Direct method Follow this procedure: 1. Look for possible reflection sources, considering that the incident angle = reflection angle (a = b). Figure 17.1 1 = Reflection source 2. If the reflection source is a spot source, modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard.
  • Page 38 Thermographic measurement techniques 3. Measure the radiation intensity (= apparent temperature) from the reflecting source using the following settings: • Emissivity: 1.0 • D You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods: Figure 17.3 1 = Reflection source Note Using a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recommended for two impor- tant reasons:...

  • Page 39: Reflected Apparent Temperature

    50%. 17.6 Other parameters In addition, some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to com- pensate for the following parameters: • Atmospheric temperature – i.e. the temperature of the atmosphere between the cam- era and the target •...
  • Page 40 Thermographic measurement techniques • External optics transmittance – i.e. the transmission of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera #T559770; r. AB/ 9454/9454; en-US...

  • Page 41: History Of Infrared Technology

    History of infrared technology Before the year 1800, the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spec- trum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply ‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious to- day than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.
  • Page 42 History of infrared technology When Herschel revealed his discovery, he referred to this new portion of the electromag- netic spectrum as the ‘thermometrical spectrum’. The radiation itself he sometimes re- ferred to as ‘dark heat’, or simply ‘the invisible rays’. Ironically, and contrary to popular opinion, it wasn't Herschel who originated the term ‘infrared’.
  • Page 43 History of infrared technology Figure 18.4 Samuel P. Langley (1834–1906) The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major break- through, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer re- sponded.

  • Page 44: Theory Of Thermography

    Theory of thermography 19.1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermography will be given. 19.2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength regions, called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation.

  • Page 45: Planck's Law

    Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in tempera- ture reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermographic instruments, such as a FLIR Systems camera for example. If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525°C (977°F), the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black.

  • Page 46: Wien's Displacement Law

    Theory of thermography Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength λ. λb Velocity of light = 3 × 10 Planck’s constant = 6.6 × 10 Joule sec. Boltzmann’s constant = 1.4 × 10 Joule/K. Absolute temperature (K) of a blackbody. λ Wavelength (μm).

  • Page 47: Stefan-Boltzmann's Law

    Theory of thermography Figure 19.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928) The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle of the visible light spectrum. At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infra- red, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignif- icant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.

  • Page 48: Non-Blackbody Emitters

    Theory of thermography Figure 19.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) Using the Stefan-Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body, at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx. 2 m , we obtain 1 kW.
  • Page 49 Theory of thermography • A selective radiator, for which ε varies with wavelength According to Kirchhoff’s law, for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral absorp- tance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength. That is: From this we obtain, for an opaque material (since α...

  • Page 50: Infrared Semi-Transparent Materials

    Theory of thermography Figure 19.9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral emissivity; 2: Wavelength; 3: Black- body; 4: Graybody; 5: Selective radiator. 19.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials Consider now a non-metallic, semi-transparent body – let us say, in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material.

  • Page 51: The Measurement Formula

    The measurement formula As already mentioned, when viewing an object, the camera receives radiation not only from the object itself. It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the ob- ject surface. Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by the atmosphere in the measurement path.
  • Page 52 U according to the same equation, and get (Equation 3): Solve Equation 3 for U (Equation 4): This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographic equipment. The voltages of the formula are: Table 20.1 Voltages Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature i.e.
  • Page 53 5 volts, the resulting curve would have been very much the same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4.1 volts, provided the calibration algo- rithm is based on radiation physics, like the FLIR Systems algorithm. Of course there must be a limit to such extrapolations.
  • Page 54 The measurement formula Figure 20.3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions (LW cam- era). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; Obj: Object radiation; Refl: Reflected radiation; Atm: atmos- phere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; T = 20°C (+68°F); T = 20°C (+68°F).

  • Page 55: Emissivity Tables

    Emissivity tables This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature and measurements made by FLIR Systems. 21.1 References 1. Mikaél A. Bramson: Infrared Radiation, A Handbook for Applications, Plenum press, N.Y. 2. William L. Wolfe, George J. Zissis: The Infrared Handbook, Office of Naval Research, Department of Navy, Washington, D.C.
  • Page 56 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Aluminum as received, plate 0.09 Aluminum as received, 0.09 sheet Aluminum cast, blast 0.47 cleaned...
  • Page 57 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Brass polished, highly 0.03 Brass rubbed with 80- 0.20 grit emery Brass sheet, rolled 0.06...
  • Page 58 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Chromium polished 0.10 Chromium polished 500–1000 0.28–0.38 0.91 Clay fired Cloth black 0.98 Concrete...
  • Page 59 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Granite rough 0.879 0.95–0.97 Granite rough, 4 different samples Granite rough, 4 different 0.77–0.87 samples 0.8–0.9...
  • Page 60 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 0.64 Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 0.85 Iron galvanized sheet 0.07 Iron galvanized...
  • Page 61 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Leather tanned 0.75–0.80 Lime 0.3–0.4 Magnesium 0.07 Magnesium 0.13 Magnesium 0.18 Magnesium polished 0.07...
  • Page 62 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Oil, lubricating 0.050 mm film 0.46 0.72 Oil, lubricating 0.125 mm film 0.05 Oil, lubricating film on Ni base:...
  • Page 63 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Plaster rough coat 0.91 Plastic glass fibre lami- 0.94 nate (printed circ. board) Plastic glass fibre lami-...
  • Page 64 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Stainless steel alloy, 8% Ni, 18% 0.35 Stainless steel rolled 0.45 Stainless steel sandblasted 0.70...
  • Page 65 Emissivity tables Table 21.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification; 3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued) Water layer >0.1 mm 0–100 0.95–0.98 thick Water snow Water snow –10 0.85 0.98...
  • Page 66 A note on the technical production of this publication This publication was produced using XML — the eXtensible Markup Language. For more information about XML, please visit http://www.w3.org/XML/ A note on the typeface used in this publication This publication was typeset using Linotype Helvetica™ World. Helvetica™ was designed by Max Miedinger (1910–1980) LOEF (List Of Effective Files) T501003.xml;...
  • Page 68 Corporate Headquarters FLIR Systems, Inc. 27700 SW Parkway Ave. Wilsonville, OR 97070 Telephone: +1-503-498-3547 Website http://www.flir.com Customer support http://support.flir.com Publ. No.: T559770 Release: Commit: 9454 Head: 9454 Language: en-US Modified: 2013-10-18 Formatted: 2013-10-18...

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