MSI MS-6507E User Manual

MSI MS-6507E User Manual

Micro atx mainboard
Table of Contents

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MSI
MICRO-STAR INTERNATIONAL
MS-6507E (v1.X) Micro ATX Mainboard
Version 1.0
G52-MA00561
i

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Summary of Contents for MSI MS-6507E

  • Page 1 MICRO-STAR INTERNATIONAL MS-6507E (v1.X) Micro ATX Mainboard Version 1.0 G52-MA00561...
  • Page 2 Shielded interface cables and A.C. power cord, if any, must be used in order to comply with the emission limits. VOIR LA NOTICE D’INSTALLATION AVANT DE RACCORDER AU RESEAU. Micro-Star International MS-6507E Tested to comply with FCC Standard For Home or Office Use...
  • Page 3 Edition March 2002 Copyright Notice The material in this document is the intellectual property of MICRO-STAR INTERNATIONAL. We take every care in the preparation of this document, but no guarantee is given as to the correctness of its contents. Our products are under continual improvement and we reserve the right to make changes without notice.
  • Page 4: Safety Instructions

    Safety Instructions Always read the safety instructions carefully. Keep this User’s Manual for future reference. Keep this equipment away from humidity. Lay this equipment on a reliable flat surface before setting it up. The openings on the enclosure are for air convection hence protects the equipment from overheating.
  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Mainboard Specification ..............1-2 Mainboard Layout ................1-4 Quick Components Guide ..............1-5 Key Features ..................1-6 MSI Special Features ................1-7 PC Alert™ III ................. 1-7 Chapter 2. Hardware Setup ............... 2-1 Central Processing Unit: CPU .............. 2-2 CPU Installation Procedures ............2-2 Installing the CPU Fan ..............
  • Page 6 Connectors ..................2-13 Floppy Disk Drive Connector: FDD1 ........... 2-13 Hard Disk Connectors: IDE1 & IDE2 ........... 2-14 CD-In Connector: JCD1 ............... 2-15 Aux Line-In Connector: JAUX1 ..........2-15 Modem-In Connector: JPHN1 ............. 2-15 Fan Power Connectors: C_FAN1/S_FAN1 ........2-16 Chassis Intrusion Switch Connector: JCI1 ........
  • Page 7 Advanced BIOS Features ..............3-8 Advanced Chipset Features ............... 3-12 Integrated Peripherals ................ 3-14 Power Management Setup ..............3-18 PNP/PCI Configurations ..............3-22 PC Health Status ................3-24 Frequency/Voltage Control ..............3-25 Load Fail-Safe/Optimized Defaults ............. 3-27 Set Supervisor/User Password ............3-28 Glossary ....................
  • Page 8: Chapter 1. Getting Started

    ® system efficiency. Designed to fit the advanced Intel Pentium 4 processors ® ® in the 478 pin package, the MS-6507E delivers a high performance and profes- sional desktop platform solution. TOPICS Mainboard Specification Mainboard Layout Quick Components Guide Key Features...
  • Page 9: Mainboard Specification

    Chapter 1 Mainboard Specification Supports Intel Pentium 4 processor in 478-pin package. ® ® Supports 1.5GHz, 1.6GHz, 1.7GHz, 1.8GHz, 1.9GH z, 2GHz and up. Chipset Intel Brookdale-E chipset ® - Support 100MHz/133MHz system clock. - Intel NetBurst micro-architecture supports 400MHz/533MHz system bus. - 1.5V AGP interface with 4x data transfer and 4x fast write capability.
  • Page 10 Internal - Floppy port x 1, IDE x 2, ATX 12V Power Connector - Front Panel (2 x 5 pin, Intel FPIO pin-define + 2 x 4 pin MSI pin-define) - Front Audio (2 x 5 pin Intel FPIO pin-define) - USB2.0 pin header x 2 sets (2 x 5 )
  • Page 11: Mainboard Layout

    Bottom: JCI1 Line-Out BIOS Line-In IDE2 AGP Slot Winbond JAUX1 IDE1 83627HF BATT PCI Slot 1 8101L JPHN1 ICH4 PCI Slot 2 JSP1 JCD1 PCI Slot 3 Codec S_FAN1 JBAT1 JWOL1 (optional) JMDM1 (optional) JFP1JFP2 MS-6507E v1.X Micro ATX Mainboard...
  • Page 12: Quick Components Guide

    Getting Started Quick Components Guide Component Function Reference Socket 478 Installing CPU See p. 2-2 DDR1~2 Installing DDR modules See p. 2-5 ATX Power Connector Installing power supply See p. 2-7 USB Connectors Connecting to USB devices See p. 2-9 COM A &...
  • Page 13: Key Features

    USB 2.0/1.1 support; a maximum of 6 USB ports Onboard LAN solution (Realtek RTL8101L) LAN Wake Up Function Modem (Internal/External) Ring Wake Up Function Suspend to RAM/Disk Support S/PDIF out Microsoft PC2001 Compliant ® MSI proprietary cost effective modem design (Optional)
  • Page 14: Msi Special Features

    Getting Started MSI Special Features PC Alert™ III The PC Alert III is a utility you can find in the CD-ROM disk. The utility is just like your PC doctor that can de- tect the following PC hardware status during real time operation: * monitor CPU &...
  • Page 15: Chapter 2. Hardware Setup

    Hardware Setup Chapter 2. Hardware Setup Hardware Setup This chapter provides you with the information about hardware setup procedures. While doing the installation, be careful in holding the components and follow the installation procedures. For some components, if you install in the wrong orientation, the components will not work properly.
  • Page 16: Central Processing Unit: Cpu

    Chapter 2 Central Processing Unit: CPU ® ® The mainboard supports Intel Pentium 4 processor in the 478 pin package. The mainboard uses a CPU socket called PGA478 for easy CPU installation. When you are installing the CPU, make sure the CPU has a heat sink and a cooling fan attached on the top to prevent overheating.
  • Page 17: Installing The Cpu Fan

    Hardware Setup Installing the CPU Fan As processor technology pushes to faster speeds and higher performance, thermal management becomes increasingly important. To dissi- pate heat, you need to attach the CPU cooling fan and heatsink on top of the CPU. Follow the instructions below to install the Heatsink/Fan: Locate the CPU and its retention Position the heatsink onto the reten- mechanism on the motherboard.
  • Page 18: Cpu Core Speed Derivation Procedure

    Chapter 2 C o n n e c t t h e f a n p o w e r c a b l e f r o m t h e m o u n t e d f a n t o t h e 3-p i n f a n p o w e r c o n n e c t o r o n t h e b o a r d .
  • Page 19: Memory

    Hardware Setup Memory The mainboard provides 2 slots for 184-pin, 2.5V DDR DIMM with 4 memory banks. You can install DDR200/PC1600 or DDR266/PC2100 DDR SDRAM modules on the DDR DIMM slots (DDR 1~2). To operate properly, at least one DIMM module must be installed. Introduction to DDR SDRAM DDR (Double Data Rate) SDRAM is similar to conventional SDRAM, but doubles the rate by transferring data twice per cycle.
  • Page 20: Ddr Module Combination

    Chapter 2 DDR Module Combination You can install either single sided or double sided 184-pin DDR DIMM modules into DDR DIMM slots to meet your needs. Different from the SDR DIMM, the DDR DIMM has only one notch on the center of module. The number of pins on either side of the breaks are different.
  • Page 21: Power Supply

    Hardware Setup Power Supply The mainboard supports ATX power supply for the power system. Be- fore inserting the power supply connector, always make sure that all compo- nents are installed properly to ensure that no damage will be caused. ATX 20-Pin Power Connector This connector allows you to connect to an ATX power supply.
  • Page 22: Back Panel

    Chapter 2 Back Panel The Back Panel provides the following connectors: Parallel Midi/Joystick Mouse Keyboard COM A L-out L-in MIC COM B Mouse Connector ® The mainboard provides a standard PS/2 mouse mini DIN connector for ® ® attaching a PS/2 mouse.
  • Page 23: Keyboard Connector

    Hardware Setup Keyboard Connector ® The mainboard provides a standard PS/2 keyboard mini DIN connector ® ® for attaching a PS/2 keyboard. You can plug a PS/2 keyboard directly into this connector. Pin Definition SIGNAL DESCRIPTION Keyboard DATA Keyboard DATA No connection Ground Keyboard Clock...
  • Page 24: Serial Port Connector: Com A & Com B

    Chapter 2 Serial Port Connector: COM A & COM B The mainboard offers two 9-pin male DIN connectors for serial port COM A and COM B. The ports are 16550A high speed communication ports that send/receive 16 bytes FIFOs. You can attach a serial mouse or other serial devices directly to them.
  • Page 25: Parallel Port Connector

    Hardware Setup Parallel Port Connector The mainboard provides a 25-pin female centronic connector for LPT. A parallel port is a standard printer port that supports Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) and Extended Capabilities Parallel Port (ECP) mode. Pin Definition SIGNAL DESCRIPTION STROBE Strobe DATA0...
  • Page 26: Lan Jack (Rj-45)

    Chapter 2 LAN Jack (RJ-45) The mainboard provides one standard RJ-45 jack for connection to Local Area Network (LAN). You can connect a network cable to the LAN jack. Pin Definition SIGNAL DESCRIPTION Transmit Differential Pair Transmit Differential Pair Receive Differential Pair RJ-45 LAN Jack Not Used Not Used...
  • Page 27: Connectors

    Hardware Setup Connectors The mainboard provides connectors to connect to FDD, IDE HDD, case, modem, LAN, USB Ports, IR module and CPU/System FAN. Floppy Disk Drive Connector: FDD1 The mainboard provides a standard floppy disk drive connector that supports 360K, 720K, 1.2M, 1.44M and 2.88M floppy disk types. FDD1 2-13...
  • Page 28: Hard Disk Connectors: Ide1 & Ide2

    Chapter 2 Hard Disk Connectors: IDE1 & IDE2 The mainboard has a 32-bit Enhanced PCI IDE and Ultra DMA 33/66/100 controller that provides PIO mode 0~4, Bus Master, and Ultra DMA33/66/100 function. You can connect up to four hard disk drives, CD-ROM, 120MB Floppy (reserved for future BIOS) and other devices.
  • Page 29: Cd-In Connector: Jcd1

    Hardware Setup CD-In Connector: JCD1 The connector is for CD-ROM audio connector. Aux Line-In Connector: JAUX1 The connector is for DVD add-on card with Line-in connector. Modem-In Connector: JPHN1 The connector is for modem with internal audio connector. JAUX1 Mono_Out JPHN1 Phone_In JCD1...
  • Page 30: Fan Power Connectors: C_Fan1/S_Fan1

    Chapter 2 Fan Power Connectors: C_FAN1/S_FAN1 The C_FAN1 (processor fan) & S_FAN1 (system fan) support system cooling fan with +12V. It supports three-pin head connector. When connect- ing the wire to the connectors, always take note that the red wire is the positive and should be connected to the +12V, the black wire is Ground and should be connected to GND.
  • Page 31: Chassis Intrusion Switch Connector: Jci1

    Hardware Setup Chassis Intrusion Switch Connector: JCI1 This connector is connected to 2-pin connector chassis switch. If the Chassis is open, the switch will be short. The system will record this status. To clear the warning, you must enter the BIOS settting and clear the status. JCI1 IrDA Infrared Module Header: JIR1 This connector allows you to connect to IrDA Infrared modules and is...
  • Page 32: Wake On Ring Connector: Jmdm1

    Chapter 2 Wake On Ring Connector: JMDM1 This connector allows you to connect to a modem card with Wake On Ring function. The connector will power up the system when a signal is re- ceived through the modem card. MDM_WAKEUP 5VSB JMDM1 Wake On LAN Connector: JWOL1...
  • Page 33: Spdif Connector: Jsp1

    Hardware Setup SPDIF Connector: JSP1 The connector is used to connect SPDIF (Sony & Philips Digital Inter- connect Format) interface for digital audio transmission. JSP1 JSP1 Pin Definition SIGNAL SPDIF Connected to JSP1 SPDIF Bracket 2-19...
  • Page 34: Front Panel Audio Connector: Jaud1

    Chapter 2 Front Panel Audio Connector: JAUD1 The JAUD1 front panel audio connector allows you to connect to the ® front panel audio and is compliant with Intel Front Panel I/O Connectivity Design Guide. JAUD1 Pin Definition SIGNAL DESCRIPTION AUD_MIC Front panel microphone input signal AUD_GND Ground used by analog audio circuits...
  • Page 35: Modem Connector: Mc1

    Hardware Setup Modem Connector: MC1 This connector is connected to a modem module. The modem module functions in the same way as a modem, which allows users to connect to the internet via the telephone line. MC1 Pin Definition SIGNAL DESCRIPTION BIT_CLK (to LAN controller) Serial port bit clock output/input...
  • Page 36: Front Panel Connectors: Jfp1 & Jfp2

    Chapter 2 Front Panel Connectors: JFP1 & JFP2 The mainboard provides two front panel connectors for electrical con- ® nection to the front panel switches and LEDs. JFP1 is compliant with Intel Front Panel I/O Connectivity Design Guide. Power Power Switch JFP1 Reset...
  • Page 37: Front Usb Connector: Jusb1 Or Jusb2

    Hardware Setup Front USB Connector: JUSB1 or JUSB2 The mainboard provides two USB 2.0 pin headers JUSB1 & JUSB2 (optional USB 2.0 Bracket available). USB 2.0 technology increases data trans- fer rate up to a maximum throughput of 480Mbps, which is 40 times faster than USB 1.1, and is ideal for connecting high-speed USB interface peripherals such as USB HDD, digital cameras, MP3 players, printers, modems and the like.
  • Page 38: Jumpers

    Chapter 2 Jumpers The motherboard provides one jumper for you to set the computer’s function. This section will explain how to change your motherboard’s function through the use of the jumper. Clear CMOS Jumper: JBAT1 There is a CMOS RAM on board that has a power supply from external battery to keep the data of system configuration.
  • Page 39: Slots

    Hardware Setup Slots The motherboard provides three 32-bit Master PCI bus slots, one AGP slot and one CNR slot. AGP Slot PCI Slots CNR Slot AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) Slot The AGP slot allows you to insert the AGP graphics card. AGP is an interface specification designed for the throughput demands of 3D graphics.
  • Page 40: Pci Interrupt Request Routing

    Chapter 2 PCI Interrupt Request Routing The IRQ, abbreviation of interrupt request line and pronounced I-R-Q, are hardware lines over which devices can send interrupt signals to the microprocessor. The PCI IRQ pins are typically connected to the PCI bus INT A# ~ INT D# pins as follows: Order 1 Order 2...
  • Page 41: Chapter 3. Award® Bios Setup

    AWARD BIOS Setup ® ® Chapter 3. AWARD BIOS Setup ® AWARD BIOS Setup This chapter provides information on the AWARD ® BIOS Setup program and allows you to configure the system for optimum use. You may need to run the Setup program when: An error message appears on the screen during the system booting up, and requests you to run SETUP.
  • Page 42: Entering Setup

    Chapter 3 Entering Setup Power on the computer and the system will start POST (Power On Self Test) process. When the message below appears on the screen, press <DEL> key to enter Setup. Press DEL to enter SETUP If the message disappears before you respond and you still wish to enter Setup, restart the system by turning it OFF and On or pressing the RESET button.
  • Page 43: Getting Help

    AWARD BIOS Setup ® Getting Help After entering the Setup menu, the first menu you will see is the Main Menu. Main Menu The main menu lists the setup functions you can make changes to. You can use the control keys ( ↑↓ ) to select the item. The on-line description of the high- lighted setup function is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
  • Page 44: The Main Menu

    Chapter 3 The Main Menu ® Once you enter Award BIOS CMOS Setup Utility, the Main Menu (Figure 1) will appear on the screen. The Main Menu allows you to select from twelve setup functions and two exit choices. Use arrow keys to select among the items and press <Enter>...
  • Page 45 AWARD BIOS Setup ® PnP/PCI Configurations This entry appears if your system supports PnP/PCI. PC Health Status This entry shows your PC health status. Frequency/Voltage Control Use this menu to specify your settings for frequency/voltage control. Load Fail-Safe Defaults Use this menu to load the BIOS default values for minimal but stable system performance.
  • Page 46: Standard Cmos Features

    Chapter 3 Standard CMOS Features The items in Standard CMOS Features Menu are divided into 10 categories. Each category includes no, one or more than one setup items. Use the arrow keys to highlight the item and then use the <PgUp> or <PgDn> keys to select the value you want in each item.
  • Page 47 AWARD BIOS Setup ® ing items. Enter the information directly from the keyboard. This information should be provided in the documentation from your hard disk vendor or the system manufacturer. If the controller of HDD interface is SCSI, the selection shall be “None”. If the controller of HDD interface is CD-ROM, the selection shall be “None”.
  • Page 48: Advanced Bios Features

    Chapter 3 Advanced BIOS Features Quick Boot The setting allows the system to skip certain tests while booting. This will decrease the time needed to boot the system. Setting options: Enabled, Disabled. Anti-Virus Protection The item is to set the Virus Warning feature for IDE Hard Disk boot sector protection.
  • Page 49 AWARD BIOS Setup ® cessor and the main memory. Located away from the CPU, the L3 cache is slower than the L1 & L2 caches. This setting allows you to turn on or off the L3 cache. Setting options: Enabled, Disabled. Fast Boot The setting allows the system to boot within 10 seconds, which is compliant with PC2001 spec.
  • Page 50 Chapter 3 system. Settings: Disabled and Enabled. Boot Up Num-Lock LED This item is to set the Num Lock status when the system is powered on. Setting to On will turn on the Num Lock key when the system is powered on. Setting to Off will allow end users to use the arrow keys on the numeric keypad.
  • Page 51 AWARD BIOS Setup ® APIC Function This field is used to enable or disable the APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller). Due to compliance with PC2001 design guide, the system is able to run in APIC mode. Enabling APIC mode will expand available IRQ resources for the system.
  • Page 52: Advanced Chipset Features

    Chapter 3 Advanced Chipset Features The Advanced Chipset Features Setup option is used to change the values of the chipset registers. These registers control most of the system options in the computer. Note: Change these settings only if you are familiar with the chipset. Configure DRAM Timing This setting determines whether DRAM timing is configured by reading the contents of the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) EPROM on the DRAM module.
  • Page 53 AWARD BIOS Setup ® signals, used when DRAM is written to, read from, or refreshed. Fast gives faster performance; and Slow gives more stable performance. This field applies only when synchronous DRAM is installed in the system. The settings are: 2 and 3. RAS# Precharge This item controls the number of cycles for Row Address Strobe (RAS) to be allowed to precharge.
  • Page 54: Integrated Peripherals

    Chapter 3 Integrated Peripherals On-Chip Primary/Secondary PCI IDE The integrated peripheral controller contains an IDE interface with support for two IDE channels. Choose Enabled to activate each channel separately. IDE Primary/Secondary Master/Slave PIO The four items allow you to set a PIO (Programmed Input/Output) mode for each of the four IDE devices that the onboard IDE interface supports.
  • Page 55 AWARD BIOS Setup ® USB Controller Select Enabled if your system contains a Universal Serial Bus (USB) controller and you have USB peripherals. The settings are: Enabled, Disabled. USB Keyboard/Mouse Support Set to Enabled if your need to use an USB keyboard/mouse in the operating system that does not support or have any USB driver installed, such as DOS and SCO Unix.
  • Page 56 Chapter 3 Serial Port A/B The items specify the base I/O port address and IRQ for the onboard Serial Port A/Serial Port B. Selecting Auto allows BIOS to automatically determine the correct base I/O port address. Settings: Disabled, 3F8/IRQ4, 2F8/IRQ3, 3E8/ IRQ4, 2E8/IRQ3 and Auto.
  • Page 57 AWARD BIOS Setup ® SPP/EPP/ECP/ECP+EPP To operate the onboard parallel port as Standard Parallel Port only, choose “SPP.” To operate the onboard parallel port in the EPP mode simultaneously, choose “EPP.” By choosing “ECP”, the onboard parallel port will operate in ECP mode only.
  • Page 58: Power Management Setup

    Chapter 3 Power Management Setup The Power Management Setup allows you to configure you system to most effectively save energy while operating in a manner consistent with your own style of computer use. ACPI Function This item is to activate the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Man- agement Interface) Function.
  • Page 59 AWARD BIOS Setup ® memory will be used to restore the PC to the previous state when an “wake up” event occurs. Power Management/APM This item is used to select the degree (or type) of power saving and is related to these modes: Suspend Mode and HDD Power Down.
  • Page 60 Chapter 3 CPU THRM-Throttling The item allows you to specify the CPU speed (at percentage) to which it will slow down when the CPU reaches the predetermined overheat temperature. Settings range from 12.5% to 87.5% at 12.5% increment. Resume by RTC Alarm The field is used to enable or disable the feature of booting up the system on a scheduled time/date.
  • Page 61 AWARD BIOS Setup ® Reload Global Timer Events: Primary/Secondary Master/Slave IDE, FDC/ LPT/COM Ports Global Timer Events are I/O events whose occurrence can prevent the system from entering a power saving mode or can awaken the system from such a mode.
  • Page 62: Pnp/Pci Configurations

    Chapter 3 PNP/PCI Configurations This section describes configuring the PCI bus system. PCI, or Peripheral Component Interconnect, is a system which allows I/O devices to operate at speeds nearing the speed the CPU itself uses when communicating with its own special components. This section covers some very technical items and it is strongly recommended that only experienced users should make any changes to the default settings.
  • Page 63 AWARD BIOS Setup ® Press <Enter> and you will enter the sub-menu of the items. IRQ Resources list IRQ 3/4/5/7/9/10/11/12/14/15 for users to set each IRQ a type depending on the type of device using the IRQ. Settings are: PCI Device For Plug &...
  • Page 64: Pc Health Status

    Chapter 3 PC Health Status This section monitors the current hardware status including CPU/system temperature, CPU/system fan speeds, Vcore etc. Monitor function is available only if there is hardware monitoring mechanism onboard. CPU Critical Temperature If the CPU temperature reaches the upper limit preset in this setting, the warn- ing mechanism will be activated.
  • Page 65: Frequency/Voltage Control

    AWARD BIOS Setup ® Frequency/Voltage Control This section controls the frequency/voltage of the CPU and certain onboard hardware to enhance overall system performance. CPU Ratio Selection This setting controls the multiplier that is used to determine the internal clock speed of the processor relative to the external or motherboard clock speed. Auto Detect DIMM/PCI Clock This item is used to auto detect the DIMM/PCI slots.
  • Page 66 Chapter 3 CPU Host/PCI Clock This setting specifies the clock frequencies of the CPU host bus (FSB) and PCI buses. It provides a method for end users to overclock the processor accordingly. When set to Default, the BIOS will use the default clock frequen- cies for the CPU host bus and PCI buses.
  • Page 67: Load Fail-Safe/Optimized Defaults

    AWARD BIOS Setup ® Load Fail-Safe/Optimized Defaults The two options on the main menu allow users to restore all of the BIOS settings to the default Fail-Safe or Optimized values. The Optimized Defaults are the default values set by the mainboard manufacturer specifically for opti- mal performance of the mainboard.
  • Page 68: Set Supervisor/User Password

    Chapter 3 Set Supervisor/User Password When you select this function, a message as below will appear on the screen: Type the password, up to six characters in length, and press <Enter>. The password typed now will replace any previously set password from CMOS memory.
  • Page 69: Glossary

    Glossary Glossary Glossary ACPI (Advanced Configuration & Power Interface) This power management specification enables the OS (operating system) to control the amount of power given to each device attached to the computer. Windows 98/98SE, Windows 2000 and Windows ME can fully support ACPI to allow users managing the system power flexibly.
  • Page 70 Glossary example, a modem chipset contains all the primary circuits for transmitting and receiv- ing data; a PC chipset provides the electronic interfaces between all subsystems. CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor, which features high speed and low power consumption.
  • Page 71 Glossary ECC Memory (error correcting code memory) A type of memory that contains special circuitry for testing the accuracy of data and correcting the errors on the fly. IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk-drive interface widely used to connect hard disks, CD-ROMs and tape drives to a PC, in which the controller electronics is integrated into the drive itself, eliminating the need for a separate adapter card.
  • Page 72 Glossary PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) A local bus standard developed by Intel that first appeared on PCs in late 1993. PCI provides “plug and play” capability and allows IRQs to be shared. The PCI controller can exchange data with the system's CPU either 32 bits or 64 bits at a time. PnP (Plug and Play) A set of specifications that allows a PC to configure itself automatically to work with peripherals.

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