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The advantage of circle net is the small workload, good self-checking and consistency. But
the main disadvantage is that the accuracy of indirect-observed border is lower than that of
direct-observed border, and the KRONOS100 line accuracy of neighbor points distributes
unevenly. In field surveying, we usually use annexed traverse as special example according
to practical situation and the net usage. This requirement for this traverse is the high
accuracy for the known vectors between two point ends. Furthermore, the amount of
annexed traverses cannot exceed the limits.
Fig 2-1 triangle net
Fig 2-2 circle net
3. Star shape net
Star net has simple geometry graph, but the KRONOS100lines of it mostly don't compose a
closed graph, so it has a bad checking ability and consistency.
The advantage of this net is that it only needs two receivers, the work is very simple, so it is
mostly used in the quick surveying as quick static orientation and kinematical orientation.
This working mode is widely used in project layout, border surveying and GIS surveying, etc.
Figure 2-4 star net
2.3 Working range
The accuracy of satellite signal received with GPS receiver can reach millimeter level, but
due to the signal suffers ionosphere and troposphere infection when transmitting through
aerosphere, the accuracy will be depressed. To settle this problem, we adopt adjustment by
use of two receivers to observe one KRONOS100line at the same time, thus the influence of
ionosphere on observation can be mostly counteracted. The shorter of KRONOS100line, the
better is the effect, so we suggest KRONOS100line is not more than 20 kilometers when
designing.
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