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BD-J
Some BD-Video discs contain Java applications, and these
applications are called BD-J. You can enjoy various interac-
tive features in addition to playing normal video.
Bitstream
This is the digital form of multi-channel audio data (e.g., 5.1
channel) before it is decoded into its various channels.
Dolby Digital
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by
Dolby Laboratories. Apart from stereo (2-channel) audio,
these signals can also be multi-channel audio.
Dolby Digital Plus
Multi-channel audio and higher audio quality is made pos-
sible using Dolby Digital Plus. BD-Video supports up to 7.1
channel output.
Dolby TrueHD
Dolby TrueHD is a very high quality audio format that repro-
duces the studio master audio. BD-Video supports up to 7.1
channel output.
DTS (Digital Theater Systems)
This surround system is used in many movie theaters.
There is good separation between the channels, so realistic
sound effects are possible.
Dynamic range
Dynamic range is the difference between the lowest level of
sound that can be heard above the noise of the equipment and
the highest level of sound before distortion occurs.
Dynamic range compression means reducing the gap be-
tween the loudest and softest sounds. This means you can
listen at low volumes but still hear dialog clearly.
Film and video
DVD-Video are recorded using either fi lm or video. This unit
can determine which type has been used, then uses the
most suitable method of progressive output.
Film: Recorded at 24 frames per second. (Recorded at 30
frames per second as well). Generally appropriate for mo-
tion picture fi lms.
Video: Recorded at 30 frames/60 fi elds per second. Gener-
ally appropriate for TV drama programs or animation.
Final Standard Profi le (FSP)
This is a BD-Video [BD-ROM version 2 (Profi le 1 version
1.1)] that supports the new functions such as Picture-in-pic-
ture, Secondary Audio, and Virtual Package, etc.
Frames and fi elds
Frames refer to the single images that constitute the video
you see on your television. Each frame consists of two
fi elds.
= frame still shows two fi elds, so there may be some blur-
ring, but picture quality is generally better.
= fi eld still shows less picture information so it may be
rougher, but there is no blurring.
HDMI (High-Defi nition Multimedia Interface)
HDMI is a digital interface for consumer electronic products.
Unlike conventional connections, it transmits uncompressed
digital video and audio signals on a single cable.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
This is a system used for compressing/decoding color still
pictures. If you select JPEG as the storage system on digital
cameras, etc., the data will be compressed to 1/10–1/100 of
its original size. The benefi t of JPEG is less deterioration in
picture quality considering the degree of compression.
Local storage
This storage area is used as a destination for sub contents
for playing virtual packages on BD-Video.
LPCM (Linear PCM)
These are uncompressed digital signals, similar to those
found on CDs.
MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)
An audio compression method that compresses audio to
approximately one tenth of its size without any signifi cant
loss of audio quality.
Pan&Scan/Letterbox
In general, DVD-Video are produced with the intention that
they be viewed on a widescreen television (16:9 aspect
ratio), so images often donʼt fi t regular (4:3 aspect ratio)
televisions. Two styles of picture, "Pan & Scan" and "Let-
terbox", deal with this problem.
Pan&Scan: The sides are cut off so the picture fi lls the
screen.
Letterbox: Black bands appear at the top
and bottom of the picture so the picture itself
appears in an aspect ratio of 16:9.
Picture-in-picture
This is a new function of BD-Video that
plays the primary video and secondary video
simultaneously. For instance, the function is
capable of playing the original movie as the primary video
while playing video commentary from the fi lm director on a
small screen as a secondary video.
Progressive/Interlace
The video signal standard of NTSC has 480 interlaced (i)
scan lines, whereas progressive (p) scanning uses twice the
number of scan lines, and this is referred to as 480p. Using
progressive output, you can enjoy watching high resolution
video.
Sampling frequency
Sampling is the process of converting the heights of sound
wave (analog signal) samples taken at set periods into digits
(digital encoding). Sampling frequency is the number of
samples taken per second, so larger numbers mean a more
faithful reproduction of the original sound.
Virtual package
Some BD-Video discs copy data to other media (local stor-
age) and then play the secondary video, secondary audio,
and subtitles (sub contents) simultaneously.
These functions are called virtual packages.
Sub contents are automatically recorded to other media
from the disc prior to playing the virtual package. The play-
back methods vary depending on discs.
1080i (1125i)
In one high defi nition image, 1080 (1125) alternating scan
lines pass to create an interlaced image. Because 1080i
(1125i) more than doubles current television broadcasts of
480i, the detail is much clearer and creates a more realistic
and rich image.
1080p (1125p)
In one high defi nition image, 1080 (1125) scan lines pass
at the same time to create a progressive image. Since pro-
gressive video does not alternate scan lines like interlace,
there is a minimal amount of screen fl icker.
24p
This is a progressive image recorded at a rate of 24 frames
per second.
720p (750p)
In one high defi nition image, 720 (750) scan lines pass at
the same time to create a progressive image. Since pro-
gressive video does not alternate scan lines like interlace,
there is a minimal amount of screen fl icker.
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