Summary of Contents for Diamond Systems PROMETHEUS PR-Z32-EA-ST
Page 1
PROMETHEUS™ High Integration PC/104 CPU with Ethernet and Data Acquisition Models PR-Z32-E-ST, PR-Z32-EA-ST User Manual V1.44 Copyright 2003 Diamond Systems Corporation 8430-D Central Ave. Newark, CA 94560 Tel (510) 456-7800 www.diamondsystems.com...
Only the ISA bus is brought out to expansion connectors for the connection of add-on boards. Diamond Systems manufactures a wide variety of compatible PC/104 add-on board for analog I/O, digital I/O, counter/timer functions, serial ports, and power supply.
♦ Zero wait-state capability for flash memory and PC/104 bus ♦ +5V-only operation ♦ Extended temperature range operation (-40 to +85 ♦ Cable-free operation when used with Diamond Systems’ PNL-Z32 Panel I/O board Prometheus CPU User Manual V1.44 Page 5...
Page 6
Data Acquisition Subsystem (Model PR-Z32-EA Only) Analog Input ♦ 16 single-ended / 8 differential inputs, 16-bit resolution ♦ 100KHz maximum aggregate A/D sampling rate ♦ Programmable input ranges/gains with maximum range of ±10V / 0-10V ♦ Both bipolar and unipolar input ranges ♦...
3. PROMETHEUS BOARD DRAWING I/O Connectors PC/104 8-bit bus connector PC/104 16-bit bus connector Main user I/O connector Ethernet port Dual USB ports Floppy drive connector IDE drive connector Input power connector Switched output power connector Data acquisition I/O connector Auxiliary serial port connector Configuration Jumper Blocks System recovery jumper block...
4. I/O HEADERS All cables mentioned in this chapter are included in Diamond Systems’ cable kit C-PRZ-KIT. These cables are further described in chapter 25. Some cables are also available individually. 4.1 Main I/O Connector – J3 An 80-pin high-density connector is provided for access to the standard user I/O: ♦...
Page 9
Notes on J3 Signals COM1 – COM4 The signals on these pins are RS-232 level signals and may be connected directly to RS-232 devices. The pinout of these signals is designed to allow a 9-pin male IDC connector to be crimped onto the corresponding ribbon cable wires to provide the correct pinout for a PC serial port connector (DTE).
Page 10
A short press on the switch will turn on power, and holding the switch on for 4 seconds or longer will turn off power. Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698009 mates with J11. It provides 9 color-coded wires with stripped and tinned leads for connection to user-supplied power sources. This cable may also be used with Diamond Systems’...
Page 11
4.4 Ethernet – J4 Common Common J4 is a 1x6 pin header. It mates with Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698002, which provides a panel-mount RJ-45 jack for connection to standard CAT5 network cables. 4.5 USB – J5 Key (pin cut)
Page 12
80-pin connector J3. Do not use both J15 and the corresponding pins on J3 simultaneously. Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698005 converts the 6 pins to two standard DB9M connectors with industry-standard pinout for RS-232 DTE. 4.7 Watchdog/Failsafe Features – J6 ZFIX +3.3V...
Page 13
Ground Ground J7 is a 2x17 pin header. It mates with Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698008 or any standard floppy drive interface cable. Up to two floppy drives can be connected. The connector furthest away from the others is used to connect to the board. The connector at the far end of the cable (after the twist) is for Drive A, and the middle connector is for Drive B.
Page 14
This header is located on the left side of the board. Pin 1 is the lower right pin and is marked on the board. Diamond Systems’ cable no. C-50-18 provides a standard 50-pin connector at each end and mates with this header.
Page 15
4.11 PC/104 Bus Connectors The PC/104 bus is essentially identical to the ISA Bus except for the physical design. It specifies two pin and socket connectors for the bus signals. A 64-pin header J1 incorporates the 62-pin 8- bit bus connector signals, and a 40-pin header J2 incorporates the 36-pin 16-bit bus connector signals.
5. JUMPER CONFIGURATION Refer to the Prometheus board drawing on page 7 for locations of the configuration items mentioned here. Also see page 45 for information on configuration J13 for the data acquisition circuit. 5.1 J10: System Configuration Jumper block J10 is used for configuration of IRQ levels, wait states, ATX power control, and CMOS RAM.
Page 17
The different configurations for J10 are shown below. Each illustration shows only the jumper of interest. An asterisk (*) indicates the default setting. 5.2 J6: Watchdog Timer & System Recovery J6 is used to configure the watchdog timer and enable system recovery (failsafe mode) in case of BIOS corruption.
6. SYSTEM FEATURES 6.1 System Resources The table below lists the default system resources utilized by the circuits on Prometheus. Device Serial Port COM1 Serial Port COM2 Serial Port COM3 Serial Port COM4 Parallel Port LPT1 IDE Controller Floppy Controller A/D Circuit (PR-Z32-EA only) Ethernet 6.2 CPU Chip Selects...
Page 19
6.3 Console Redirection to a Serial Port In many applications without a video card it may be necessary to obtain keyboard and monitor access to the CPU for configuration, file transfer, or other operations. Prometheus supports this operation by enabling keyboard input and character output onto a serial port (console redirection). A serial port on another PC can be connected to the serial port on Prometheus with a null modem cable, and a terminal emulation program (such as Hyperterminal) can be used to establish the connection.
Page 20
6.4 Watchdog Timer Prometheus contains a watchdog timer circuit consisting of two programmable timers, WD1 and WD2, cascaded together. The input to the circuit is WDI, and the output is WDO. Both signals appear on I/O connector WDI may be triggered in hardware or in software. A special “early” version of WDO may be output on the WDO pin.
Page 21
6.5 Failsafe Mode / BIOS Recovery The ZFx86 failsafe feature consists of a small command interpreter built in to the ZFx86 CPU chip. The ZFx86 contains a ROM with the command interpreter as well as an 8KB RAM. It may be used to power up the system and download the BIOS to recover from situations in which the BIOS accidentally becomes corrupted or erased.
7. BIOS 7.1 BIOS Settings Prometheus uses a BIOS from Phoenix Technologies modified to support the custom features of the ZF Micro ZFx86 chip and the Prometheus board. Some of these features are described here. To enter the BIOS during system startup (POST – power on self-test), press F2. Serial Ports -The address and interrupt settings for serial ports COM1 –...
CPU chip on Prometheus contains a special failsafe Boot-Up ROM (BUR) that can be activated on power-up. A Diamond Systems software utility is provided to enable system recovery by downloading the BIOS to the flash memory through serial port COM1 when the CPU is booted up to the BUR.
Prometheus. When you power up the board, the screen will indicate the BIOS version number. If you have an earlier version, you can download the latest BIOS from the Diamond Systems website along with an update utility program. The instructions for updating the BIOS are included with the BIOS package on our website and are also included in this manual.
Page 25
Known Limitations • RFD (onboard flash drive) is not compatible with DOS expanded memory configuration in EMM386.EXE. Use the NOEMS switch appended to the end of the EMM386 line in your config.sys to bypass EMS. Example line in config.sys: device=c:\DOS\EMM386.exe NOEMS •...
Prometheus includes a 100Mbps Ethernet connection using 100BaseT wiring. The signals are provided on a 6-pin header J4 on the bottom edge of the board. Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698002 mates with this header and provides a standard RJ-45 connector in panel-mount form for connecting to standard Cat5 network cables.
8.2 Serial Ports Prometheus contains 4 serial ports. Each port is capable of transmitting at speeds of up to 115.2Kbaud. Ports COM1 and COM2 are built into the ZF Micro CPU chip. They consist of standard 16550 type UARTs with 16-byte FIFOs. Ports COM3 and COM4 are derived from an Exar 16C2850 dual UART chip and include 128-byte FIFOs.
9. NOTES ON OPERATING SYSTEMS AND BOOTING PROCEDURES 9.1 Booting to DOS From a Floppy Drive In some revisions of the ZF Micro processor chip and Phoenix BIOS on Prometheus, there is a short period of conflict between the floppy drive and the programmable chip selects during the booting from a floppy disk in certain operating systems such as Windows 98.
Page 29
9.3 Installing an OS from a Hard Disk onto a Flashdisk Module To install an operating system such as DOS or VxWorks from a hard drive onto a flashdisk module, follow the procedure below. The process requires a floppy drive with a bootable DOS diskette, a hard disk with the operating system, the flashdisk module, the IDE extender board, and associated cables.
10. DATA ACQUISITION CIRCUIT Model PR-Z32-EA contains a data acquisition subsystem consisting of A/D, D/A, digital I/O, and counter/timer features. This subsystem is equivalent to a complete add-on data acquisition module. The A/D section includes a 16-bit A/D converter, 16 input channels, and a 48-sample FIFO. Input ranges are programmable, and the maximum sampling rate is 100KHz.
11. DATA ACQUISITION CIRCUITRY I/O MAP 11.1 Base Address The data acquisition circuitry on Prometheus occupies a block of 16 bytes in I/O memory space. The default address range for this block is 280h – 28Fh (base address 280). This address should work for most applications, but it can be changed in the BIOS if necessary.
11.2 Data Acquisition Circuit Register Map WRITE (Blank bits are unused and have no effect) Address STRTAD RSTBRD RSTDA CKSEL1 CKFRQ1 CKFRQ0 DACH1 DACH0 DIOCTR CTRD7 CTRD6 CTRD5 CTRD15 CTRD14 CTRD13 CTRD12 CTRD23 CTRD22 CTRD21 CTRD20 CTRNO LATCH GTDIS READ (Blank bits are unused and read back as 0) Address AD15...
Page 33
11.3 Register Bit Definitions In these register definitions, a bit marked ‘X’ is an unused bit. All unused bits in readable registers read back as 0. Base + 0 Write Command Register Bit No. Name STRTAD RSTBRD RSTDA RSTFIFO CLRDMA This register is used to perform various functions.
Page 34
Base + 0 Read A/D LSB Bit No. Name AD7 - 0 A/D data bits 7 - 0; AD0 is the LSB; A/D data is an unsigned 16-bit value. The A/D value is derived by reading two bytes from Base + 0 and Base + 1 and applying the following formula: A/D value = (Base + 0 value) + (Base + 1 value) * 256 The value is interpreted as a twos complement 16-bit number ranging from –32768 to +32767.
Page 35
Base + 2 Read/Write A/D Channel Register Bit No. Name H3 – H0 High channel of channel scan range Ranges from 0 to 15 in single-ended mode, 0 - 7 in differential mode. L3 - L0 Low channel of channel scan range Ranges from 0 to 15 in single-ended mode, 0 - 7 in differential mode.
Page 36
Base + 3 Write Analog Input Gain Bit No. Name SCANEN Scan mode enable: Each A/D trigger will cause the board to generate an A/D conversion on each channel in the range LOW – HIGH (the range is set with the channel register in Base + 2).
Page 37
Base + 3 Read Analog Input Status Bit No. Name A/D status. 1 = A/D conversion or scan in progress, 0 = A/D is idle. If SCANEN = 0 (single conversion mode), STS goes high when an A/D conversion is started and stays high until the conversion is finished.
Page 38
Base + 4 Read/Write Interrupt / DMA / Counter Control Bit No. Name CKSEL1 CKFRQ1 CKFRQ0 ADCLK DMAEN CKSEL1 Clock source selection for counter/timer 1: 0 = internal oscillator, frequency selected by CLKFRQ1 1 = external clock input CLK1 (DIO C pins must be set for ctr/timer signals) CKFRQ1 Input frequency selection for counter/timer 1 when CKSEL1 = 1: 0 = 10MHz, 1 = 100KHz...
Page 39
Base + 6 Write DAC LSB Bit No. Name DA7–0 D/A data bits 7 - 0; DA0 is the LSB. D/A data is an unsigned 12-bit value. This register must be written to before Base + 7, since writing to Base + 7 updates the DAC immediately.
Page 40
Base + 7 Write DAC MSB + Channel No. Bit No. Name DACH1 DACH0 DACH1–0 D/A channel. The value written to Base + 6 and Base + 7 are written to the selected channel, and that channel is updated immediately. The update takes approximately 20 microseconds due to the DAC serial interface.
Page 41
Base + 8 Read / Write Digital I/O Port A Bit No. Name Base + 9 Read / Write Digital I/O Port B Bit No. Name Base + 10 Read / Write Digital I/O Port C Bit No. Name These 3 registers are used for digital I/O. The direction of each register is controlled by bits in the register below.
Page 42
Base + 12 Read/Write Counter/Timer D7 - 0 Bit No. Name This register is used for both Counter 0 and Counter 1. It is the LSB for both counters. When writing to this register, an internal load register is loaded. Upon issuing a Load command through Base + 15, the selected counter’s LSB register will be loaded with this value.
Page 43
Base + 15 Write Counter/Timer Control Register Bit No. Name CTRNO LATCH This register is used to control the counter/timers. A counter is selected with bit 7, and then a 1 is written to any ONE of bits 6 – 0 to select the desired operation for that counter. The other bits and associated functions are not affected.
Page 44
Base + 15 Read FPGA Revision Code Bit No. Name REV7 REV6 This register is used to control the counter/timers. A counter is selected with bit 7, and then a 1 is written to any ONE of bits 6 – 0 to select the desired operation for that counter. The other bits and associated functions are not affected.
12. DATA ACQUISITION CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION Jumper block J13 is used to configure the A/D and D/A circuits on PR-Z32-EA. It is located on the left side of the board next to the data acquisition I/O pin header and is oriented vertically. The functions are shown below and are described in detail on the following page.
Page 46
Single-ended / Differential Inputs Prometheus can accept both single-ended and differential inputs. A single-ended input uses 2 wires, input and ground. The measured input voltage is the difference between these two wires. A differential input uses 3 wires: input +, input -, and ground. The measured input voltage is the difference between the + and - inputs.
13. ANALOG INPUT RANGES AND RESOLUTION 13.1 Overview Prometheus uses a 16-bit A/D converter. The full range of numerical values for a 16-bit number is 0 - 65535. However the A/D converter uses twos complement notation, so the A/D value is interpreted as a signed integer ranging from –32768 to +32767.
14. PERFORMING AN A/D CONVERSION This chapter describes the steps involved in performing an A/D conversion on a selected input channel using direct programming (not with the driver software). There are seven steps involved in performing an A/D conversion: 1. Select the input channel 2.
Page 49
14.4 Perform an A/D conversion on the current channel After the above steps are completed, start the A/D conversion by writing to Base + 0. This write operation only triggers the A/D if AINTE = 0 (interrupts are disabled). When AINTE = 1, the A/D can only be triggered by the on-board counter/timer or an external signal.
Page 50
14.7 Convert the numerical data to a meaningful value Once you have the A/D value, you need to convert it to a meaningful value. The first step is to convert it back to the actual measured voltage. Afterwards you may need to convert the voltage to some other engineering units (for example, the voltage may come from a temperature sensor, and then you would need to convert the voltage to the corresponding temperature according to the temperature sensor’s characteristics).
The table on the next page describes the board’s behavior for each of the 4 possible cases of AINTE and SCANEN. The given interrupt software behavior describes the operation of the Diamond Systems Universal Driver software. If you write your own software or interrupt routine you should conform to the described behavior for optimum results.
Page 52
Prometheus A/D Operating Modes The following control bits and values are referenced in the descriptions in the table below. AINTE Base + 4 bit 0 SCANEN Base + 3 bit 2 FIFO threshold Base + 5 bits 5-0 Base + 3 bit 7 LOW, HIGH 4-bit channel nos.
16. ANALOG OUTPUT RANGES AND RESOLUTION 16.1 Description Prometheus uses a 4-channel 12-bit D/A converter (DAC) to provide 4 analog outputs. A 12-bit DAC can generate output voltages with the precision of a 12-bit binary number. The maximum value of a 12-bit binary number is 2 DACs support is 0 - 4095.
Page 54
16.4 D/A Conversion Formulas and Tables The formulas below explain how to convert between D/A codes and output voltages. D/A Conversion Formulas for Unipolar Output Ranges Output voltage = (D/A code / 4096) * Reference voltage D/A code = (Output voltage / Reference voltage) * 4096 Example: Output range in unipolar mode = 0 –...
Page 55
D/A Conversion Formulas for Bipolar Output Ranges Output voltage = ((D/A code – 2048) / 2048) * Output reference D/A code = (Output voltage / Output reference) * 2048 + 2048 Output range in bipolar mode = ±10V Example: Full-scale range = 10V – (-10V) = 20V Desired output voltage = 2.000V D/A code = 2V / 10V * 2048 + 2048 = 2457.6 =>...
17. GENERATING AN ANALOG OUTPUT This chapter describes the steps involved in generating an analog output (also called performing a D/A conversion) on a selected output channel using direct programming (not with the driver software). There are three steps involved in performing a D/A conversion: 1.
18. ANALOG CIRCUIT CALIBRATION Calibration applies only to boards with the analog I/O circuit. The analog I/O circuit is calibrated during production test prior to shipment. Over time the circuit may drift slightly. If calibration is desired follow the procedure below. For analog I/O circuit configuration see page 45.
19. DIGITAL I/O OPERATION Prometheus contains 24 digital I/O lines organized as three 8-bit I/O ports, A, B, and C. The direction for each port is programmable, and port C is further divided into two 4-bit halves, each with independent direction. The ports are accessed at registers Base + 8 through Base + 10 respectively, and the direction register is at Base + 11.
20. COUNTER/TIMER OPERATION Prometheus model PR-Z32-EA contains two counter/timers that provide various timing functions on the board for A/D timing and user functions. These counters are controlled with registers in the on-board data acquisition controller FPGA. See pages 38 and 43 for information on the counter/timer control register bits and how to perform various functions using these counters.
Page 60
20.3 Command Sequences Diamond Systems provides driver software to control the counter/timers on Prometheus. The information here is intended as a guide for programmers writing their own code in place of the driver and also to give a better understanding of the counter/timer operation.
Page 61
Reading a counter a. Latch the counter: Counter 0 outp(base+15,0x40); b. Read the data: The value is returned in 3 bytes, low, middle, and high (2 bytes for counter 1) Counter 0 low=inp(base+12); middle=inp(base+13); high=inp(base+14); c. Assemble the bytes into the complete counter value: Counter 0 val = high * 2^16 + middle * 2^8 + low;...
21. DATA ACQUISITION SPECIFICATIONS Analog Inputs (PR-Z32-EA only) No. of inputs 8 differential or 16 single-ended (user selectable) A/D resolution 16 bits (1/65,536 of full scale) Input ranges Bipolar: Unipolar: Input bias current 50nA max ±10V for linear operation Maximum input voltage ±35V on any analog input without damage Overvoltage protection ±3LSB, no missing codes...
The power may be provided from the CPU’s power out connector (J12) or from one of the two 4-pin headers on the ACC-IDEEXT board. Diamond Systems’ cable no. 698006 may be used with either power connector to bring power to the drive.
Using this panel board eliminates all internal cables, resulting in increased ruggedness and quicker assembly. In addition a standard precut cover plate is available to enable mounting the panel board and CPU in Diamond Systems’ Pandora enclosure system. The panel board is available in two models:...
Page 65
23.2 Panel Board I/O Connectors The I/O connectors below are located on the top side of the board and are for connection to external equipment. Location Type DB-9M DB-9M DB-9M DB-9M DB-25F 2.5mm DB-9M MD-6 MD-6 RJ-45 IDC-50 USB A USB A DB-15F Panel Board Top Side / External Use I/O Connectors...
Page 66
-5V and -12V are connected directly to the PC/104 bus pins. J13 can also be used with a DC/DC power supply, such as Diamond Systems’ Jupiter-MM modules, in applications where the supply voltage is different from the required +5V. In this scenario, the input voltage is fed to the DB9 and routed to the power supply with cable connected between the supply and connector J5 or J12 on the bottom side of the panel board.
Page 67
Power Switch Power Input +12V In +5V In Ground Power Input Shutdown +5V In Ground J13 pinout (user connection) 23.6 Speaker and Miscellaneous Connector J3 is used for optional connection of an auxiliary speaker or control switches. The panel board contains a miniature speaker which is enabled by default. To enable this speaker, install a jumper across pins 11 and 13 of J3 (default setting).
Page 68
23.7 Watchdog Timer J9 may be used to connect an external watchdog timer circuit to the CPU. For watchdog timer programming information, see page 20 and the ZFx86 Training Manual included in the Documents folder of the Prometheus CD. Ground Watchdog In Watchdog Out J9 Pinout...
CPU. J1 connects to the IDE connector on Prometheus with a 44-pin ribbon cable (Diamond Systems’ part no. 698004). Both 40-pin .1” spacing (J4) and 44-pin 2mm spacing (J3) headers are provided for the external hard drive or CD-ROM drive.
(unless you want to connect to an external IDE drive or floppy drive). However for custom installations as well as development, Diamond Systems offers a cable kit no. C-PRZ-KIT with 9 cables to connect to all I/O headers on the board. Some cables are also available separately.
The VGA output connector on the Arcom board is a 16-pin connector labeled PL5, located on the left edge of the board. When used with the Diamond Systems panel board model PNL-Z32-E / EA, this connector connects to the 10-pin VGA input header J25 on the panel board using Diamond Systems cable no.
Standard spacers with metric length will have metric threads (for example M3 x 0.5). Diamond Systems can supply a custom-designed 14mm aluminum hex male/female spacer with #4-40 threads (DSC part no.
Page 73
Prometheus CPU User Manual V1.44 Page 73...
28. PC/104 MECHANICAL DRAWING The following drawing is from the PC/104 specification. This document may be downloaded from www.pc104.org or from www.diamondsystems.com/support/techliterature. Prometheus CPU User Manual V1.44 Page 74...
Need help?
Do you have a question about the PROMETHEUS PR-Z32-EA-ST and is the answer not in the manual?
Questions and answers