Red Hat ENTERPRISE LINUX 3 Reference Manual page 79

proc
Chapter 5. The
These directories are called process directories, as they are named after a program's process ID and
contain information specific to that process. The owner and group of each process directory is set to
the user running the process. When the process is terminated, its
Each process directory contains the following files:
— Contains the command issued when starting the process.
• cmdline
— Provides specific information about the utilization of each of the system's CPUs. A process
• cpu
running on a dual CPU system produces output similar to the following:
cpu 11 3
cpu0 0 0
cpu1 11 3
— A symbolic link to the current working directory for the process.
• cwd
— A list of the environment variables for the process. The environment variable is given
• environ
in all upper-case characters, and the value is in lower-case characters.
— A symbolic link to the executable of this process.
• exe
— A directory containing all of the file descriptors for a particular process. These are given in
• fd
numbered links:
total 0
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
lrwx------ 1 root
— A list of memory maps to the various executables and library files associated with this
• maps
process. This file can be rather long, depending upon the complexity of the process, but sample
output from the
sshd
08048000-08086000 r-xp 00000000 03:03 391479
08086000-08088000 rw-p 0003e000 03:03 391479
08088000-08095000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0
40000000-40013000 r-xp 00000000 03:03 293205
40013000-40014000 rw-p 00013000 03:03 293205
40031000-40038000 r-xp 00000000 03:03 293282
40038000-40039000 rw-p 00006000 03:03 293282
40039000-4003a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
4003a000-4003c000 r-xp 00000000 03:03 293218
4003c000-4003d000 rw-p 00001000 03:03 293218
— The memory held by the process. This file cannot be read by the user.
• mem
— A link to the root directory of the process.
• root
— The status of the process.
• stat
— The status of the memory in use by the process. Below is a sample
• statm
263 210 210 5 0 205 0
The seven columns relate to different memory statistics for the process. From left to right, they
report the following aspects of the memory used:
1. Total program size, in kilobytes.
2. Size of memory portions, in kilobytes.
3. Number of pages that are shared.
File System
root
root
root
root
root
root
root
root
process begins like the following:
process directory vanishes.
/proc/
64 May 8 11:31 0 -> /dev/null
64 May 8 11:31 1 -> /dev/null
64 May 8 11:31 2 -> /dev/null
64 May 8 11:31 3 -> /dev/ptmx
64 May 8 11:31 4 -> socket:[7774817]
64 May 8 11:31 5 -> /dev/ptmx
64 May 8 11:31 6 -> socket:[7774829]
64 May 8 11:31 7 -> /dev/ptmx
/usr/sbin/sshd
/usr/sbin/sshd
/lib/ld-2.2.5.so
/lib/ld-2.2.5.so
/lib/libpam.so.0.75
/lib/libpam.so.0.75
/lib/libdl-2.2.5.so
/lib/libdl-2.2.5.so
61
file:
/proc/statm