Time Effects; Echo Effect; Posterize Time Effect - Adobe PREMIERE PRO 2 Manual

Time effects

Echo effect

The Echo effect combines frames from many different times in a clip. It has a variety of uses, from a simple visual
echo to streaking and smearing effects. This effect is visible only when there is motion in the clip. By default, any
previously applied effects are ignored when you apply the Echo effect.
Echo effect: Original image (left), with low echo values (center), and with increased number of echoes (right)
The Echo effect has the following settings:
Specifies the time, in seconds, between echoes. Negative values create echoes from previous frames;
Echo Time
positive values create echoes from upcoming frames.
Specifies the number of frames to combine for the Echo effect. For example, if two echoes are
Number Of Echoes
specified, Echo will make a new image out of [current time], [current time + Echo Time], and [current time + 2 *
Echo Time].
Specifies the intensity, or brightness, of the starting frame in the echo sequence. For example, if
Starting Intensity
this is set to 1, the first frame is combined at its full intensity. If this is set to 0.5, the first frame is combined at half
intensity.
Specifies the ratio of intensities of subsequent echoes. For example, if the decay is set to 0.5, the first echo will
Decay
be half as bright as the Starting Intensity. The second echo will then be half that, or 0.25 times the Starting Intensity.
Specifies the operations to be performed between echoes:
Echo Operator
•
Combines the echoes by adding their pixel values. If the starting intensity is too high, this mode can quickly
Add
overload and produce streaks of white. Set the Starting Intensity to 1.0 per number of echoes and the Decay to 1.0 to
blend the echoes equally.
•
Combines the echoes by taking the maximum pixel value from all the echoes.
Maximum
•
Combines the echoes by taking the minimum pixel value from all the echoes.
Minimum
•
Emulates combining the echoes by sandwiching them optically. This is similar to Add, but it will not
Screen
overload as quickly.
•
Uses the echoes' alpha channels to composite them back to front.
Composite In Back
•
Uses the echoes' alpha channels to composite them front to back.
Composite In Front

Posterize Time effect

The Posterize Time effect locks a clip to a specific frame rate. Posterize Time is useful on its own as a special effect,
but it also has more subtle uses. For example, 60-field video footage can be locked to 24 fps (and then field-rendered
at 60 fields per second) to give a film-like look. This effect is sometimes called Strobe in hardware devices.
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