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Teledyne Sophia 4096B System Manual

Teledyne Sophia 4096B System Manual

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Sophia
4096B System Manual
4411-0168
Issue 2.1
May 5, 2021
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Summary of Contents for Teledyne Sophia 4096B

  • Page 1 ® Sophia 4096B System Manual 4411-0168 Issue 2.1 May 5, 2021 www.princetoninstruments.com...

  • Page 2: Revision History

    Trenton, NJ 08619 TEL: 800-874-9789 / 609-587-9797 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of Teledyne Princeton Instruments. IntelliCal and PICam are trademarks and eXcelon, LightField, and PVCAM are registered trademarks of Teledyne Princeton Instruments.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Chapter 2: Sophia 4096B Camera System....... . 15 Sophia 4096B Camera..........16 2.1.1...
  • Page 4 ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Chapter 7: Exposure ........... 43 Exposure Time .

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Appendix B: Outline Drawings ......... . 115 Appendix C: Drain Coolant from Sophia 4096B ......117 Appendix D: Custom Modes.
  • Page 6 Figure 2-2: Typical Sophia 4096B Camera ....... . . 20 Figure 2-3: Sophia 4096B Power Supply Connectors and Indicators .
  • Page 7 Figure 12-6: Typical Updated Shutter: Non-Default Shutter Selected ..111 Figure B-1: Outline Drawing: Sophia 4096B Camera ..... . . 119 Figure B-2: Outline Drawing: Sophia 4096B Power Supply .
  • Page 8 External Coolant Circulator Specifications ......116 Table A-8: Sophia 4096B Internal Shutter Specifications ..... 117 Table A-9: Sophia 4096B External Shutter Specifications .

  • Page 9: About This Document

    Varies Spectrograph User Manual Teledyne Princeton Instruments maintains updated documentation and user manuals on their FTP site. Visit the Teledyne Princeton Instruments FTP Site to verify that the most recent user manual is available and being referenced: ftp://ftp.piacton.com/Public/Manuals/Princeton Instruments ftp://ftp.piacton.com/Public/Manuals/Acton...

  • Page 10: Document Organization

    • Chapter 2, Sophia 4096B Camera System This chapter provides information about the components included with a standard Sophia 4096B camera system, as well as options that are available for purchase from Teledyne Princeton Instruments. • Chapter 3, Install LightField This chapter provides information about the installation of Teledyne Princeton Instruments’...

  • Page 11: Safety Related Symbols Used In This Manual

    Sophia 4096B. • Chapter E, Troubleshooting This appendix provides recommended troubleshooting information for issues which may be encountered while working with a Sophia 4096B camera system. • Warranty and Service This section provides warranty information for the Sophia 4096B. Contact information is also provided.

  • Page 12: Sophia 4096B Safety Information

    4. Do not block air vents on the camera. Preventing the free flow of air overheats the camera and may damage it. 5. If the Sophia 4096B camera system is used in a manner not specified by Teledyne Princeton Instruments, the...

  • Page 13: External Shutter

    Chapter 1 About this Document 1.6.1 External Shutter When using a Sophia 4096B camera system with an External Shutter that has not been provided by Teledyne Princeton Instruments, contact the factory to properly configure the shutter driver. Refer to Contact Information on page 136 for complete information.
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  • Page 15: Sophia 4096B Camera System

    This chapter provides an introduction to, and overview information about, Teledyne Princeton Instruments’s Sophia 4096B camera system. Figure 2-1 shows those items that are typically included as part of a standard Sophia 4096B Camera system. Figure 2-1: Typical Sophia 4096B System Components OWER...

  • Page 16: Sophia 4096B Camera

    Typical nose configuration is illustrated. Optional nose specifications vary by customer application requirements. Sophia 4096B camera systems offer all basic CCD camera functions, such as Region of Interest (ROI) selection and binning, all under software control. It also provides advanced triggered operation as well as programmable TTL output.

  • Page 17: Power

    Chapter 2 Sophia 4096B Camera System 2.1.1 Power All voltages required by Sophia 4096B camera systems are generated and delivered by an external power supply included with each Sophia 4096B camera using the supplied cables. CAUTION! Use of a power supply other than that provided with the Sophia 4096B camera may severely and permanently damage the camera and will void the camera warranty.

  • Page 18: Figure 2-3: Sophia 4096B Power Supply Connectors And Indicators

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 2-3: Sophia 4096B Power Supply Connectors and Indicators OWER AULT OWER OWER OPHIA OWER Refer to Table 2-2 for information about each connector and indicator on the power supply. Table 2-1: Sophia 4096B Power Supply Connectors and Indicators...

  • Page 19: Ccd Array

    Specifications, on page 109. 2.1.3 Cooling Dark current is reduced in Sophia 4096B camera systems by cooling the CCD array using Teledyne Princeton Instruments’ exclusive ArcTec™ technology using air and/or circulating coolant. To prevent condensation and contamination from occurring, cameras cooled this way are evacuated. Refer to Table A-4, Default Operating Temperature, on page 111 for specific cooling specifications.

  • Page 20: External Coolant Circulator

    2.1.3.3 Coolant Ports Sophia 4096B cameras are equipped with cooling ports that allow it to be connected to an external coolant circulator. As is the case with circulating air, circulating coolant removes heat produced by the camera. This means of heat removal is designed for vibration-free data acquisition.

  • Page 21: Sophia 4096B Rear-Panel Connectors And Indicators

    Control signals and data are transmitted between the camera and host computer via this port. SHUTTER 4-pin circular connector to connect an external shutter to Sophia 4096B. NOTE: Refer to Section 12.2, Using an External Shutter, on page 105 for complete information about installing, utilizing, and configuring an external shutter.

  • Page 22: Cables

    Not labeled on Sophia 4096B chassis. Cables Table 2-3 describes the cables included with a standard Sophia 4096B Camera System. Table 2-3: Standard Sophia 4096B Camera System Cables (Sheet 1 of 2) Part Cable Description/Purpose Length Number...

  • Page 23: Certificate Of Performance

    Teledyne Princeton Instruments procedures. It documents the camera’s performance data as measured during the testing of the Sophia 4096B and lists the following camera- and customer-specific information: •...

  • Page 24: Application Software

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Application Software Teledyne Princeton Instruments offers a number of data acquisition software packages for use with Sophia 4096B camera systems, including: ® • LightField The Sophia 4096B camera can be operated using LightField, Teledyne ®...

  • Page 25: Accessories

    If damage is not apparent but system specifications cannot be achieved, internal damage may have occurred in shipment. Retain all original packing materials so that the Sophia 4096B system can be easily and safely packaged and shipped to another location or returned for service if necessary. If assistance is required at any time, contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments Customer Support.

  • Page 26: Verify Equipment And Parts Inventory

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 2.6.1 Verify Equipment and Parts Inventory Verify all equipment and parts required to set up the Sophia 4096B system have been delivered. A typical system consists of: • Sophia 4096B Camera; • Certificate of Performance;...

  • Page 27: Install Lightfield

    Insert the LightField Installation CD into the CD drive on the host computer, and follow the on-screen prompts. 2. After the installation has been completed, reboot the host computer. 3. Connect the Sophia 4096B system components to the host computer and apply power. 4. Launch LightField, activate it, and begin experiment configuration.
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  • Page 29: System Block Diagrams

    Chapter 4: System Block Diagrams This section provides block diagrams of typical system configurations. Figure 4-1: Block Diagram: Typical Air-Cooled Experiment 100/240 V OWER UPPLY USB C ABLE AMERA XPERIMENT Figure 4-2: Block Diagram: Typical Liquid-Cooled Experiment 100/240 V OWER UPPLY USB C ABLE...
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  • Page 31: Hardware Configuration

    Section E.1.3, Overexposed CCD, on page 125 for information about resolving this condition. Lens Installation Sophia 4096B cameras are equipped with an input window which allows the use of customer-supplied optics. External Shutter Installation CAUTION! In order to prevent potential permanent damage to either...
  • Page 32 Turn the circulator back on. Recheck and if there are no problems, proceed to step 9. 9. Turn on the Sophia 4096B camera’s power supply and allow it to boot up. 10. Launch LightField.

  • Page 33: Experiment Shutdown

    Turn off the Sophia 4096B camera’s power supply. 2. Turn off the coolant circulator according to all manufacturer-supplied documentation and procedures. 3. If desired, carefully disconnect the coolant hoses from the Sophia 4096B camera. WARNING! If the Sophia 4096B is to be shipped, to avoid potential catastrophic damage to the camera, all coolant must be drained from it.
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  • Page 35: Lightfield First Light

    Chapter 6: LightField First Light Once the Sophia 4096B camera has been configured as described in Chapter 5, Hardware Configuration, acquiring data using LightField is straightforward. For most applications simply: • Establish optimum performance using Preview mode; • Set a target camera temperature;...
  • Page 36 ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Whether data are displayed and/or stored depends on the data collection operation that has been selected in the application software: • Preview Data collection operations use the experiment setup parameters to establish the exposure time (the period when signal of interest is allowed to accumulate on the CCD).

  • Page 37: Set Up And Configuration

    Mount a test target in front of the camera. 2. Turn on the Sophia 4096B. 3. Turn on the host computer. 4. Launch LightField. 5. Once LightField has launched, a Sophia 4096B camera icon will be shown in the Devices area. See Figure 6-2.

  • Page 38: Figure 6-3: Experiment Devices Area

    4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 6. Drag the Sophia 4096B icon into the Experiment Devices area. 7. The Experiment Settings stack on the left includes several expanders. Since this is a new experiment, the default configuration settings for the camera are preconfigured.

  • Page 39: Data Acquisition

    Chapter 6 LightField First Light 6.1.1 Data Acquisition Perform the following procedure to acquire live data: Click on the View tab located above Available Devices to change focus to the View area. See Figure 6-4. Figure 6-4: View Area 2. Click Run to initiate Preview mode.

  • Page 40: Figure 6-5: View Area Displaying An Image

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 6-5: View Area Displaying an Image 3. Adjust the lens aperture, intensity scaling, and focus for the best image as viewed on the computer monitor. Imaging tips include: • Begin with the lens blocked off and then set the lens at the smallest possible aperture (i.e., the largest f-stop.) •...

  • Page 41: System Shutdown

    Chapter 6 LightField First Light System Shutdown Perform the following procedure to shutdown the Sophia 4096B system: Exit LightField. 2. Turn off the light source. 3. Set the camera temperature to the 0C and allow the CCD to warm up.
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  • Page 43: Exposure

    Figure 7-1 illustrates how the exposure period is measured. The Reading Out signal at the LOGIC OUT connector on the back of the Sophia 4096B can be used to monitor the exposure and readout cycle (t ) which is also shown in Figure 7-1.

  • Page 44: Ccd Temperature

    Typically, quantitative data may be acquired as soon as thermal lock is relatively stable. If, however, an experiment requires exposure times in the 10 to 30 minutes range or more, it is recommended that Sophia 4096B be permitted to cool for a longer period of time before acquiring live data.

  • Page 45: Dark Charge

    CCD temperature possible. CAUTION! If a sudden change in the baseline signal is observed, there may be excessive humidity in the camera vacuum enclosure. Turn off the camera and contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments Customer Support. Refer to Contact Information on page 136 for complete contact information.

  • Page 46: Table 7-1: Readout Noise Penalty Vs Number Of Acquired Frames

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 For example, when acquiring one frame of dark data to generate the subtractable pattern, the dark pattern readout noise will be ~1.414N , which is an increase of ~41% over the baseline readout noise. This value is calculated as follows: -------- - -------- - -------- -...

  • Page 47: Clean Until Trigger

    Exposure 7.3.1 Clean Until Trigger When using an external trigger to initiate data readout, Sophia 4096B supports Clean Until Trigger (CUT,) an additional level of cleaning/removing accumulated dark charge that continues until the moment the incoming trigger pulse is received.

  • Page 48: Normal Shutter Mode

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 7.3.1.1 Normal Shutter Mode When an incoming Trigger pulse has been received, cleaning of the array stops as soon as the current cleaning pattern has been completed and shifted. Because the incoming trigger is not synchronous with the cleaning cycle, there is an inherent jitter of up to one cleaning cycle in the system’s response to an incoming trigger.

  • Page 49: Open Before Trigger Mode

    Chapter 7 Exposure 7.3.1.2 Open Before Trigger Mode With Open Before Trigger shutter mode, the shutter is opened at the beginning of Clean Until Trigger. As with Normal mode, once the incoming Trigger pulse has been received, cleaning of the array stops as soon as the current cleaning pattern has been completed and shifted.
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  • Page 51: Chapter 8: Analog To Digital Conversion

    Chapter 8: Analog to Digital Conversion After the programmed exposure time has elapsed, accumulated charge stored in the CCD array must be: • Read out; • Converted to a digital format; • Transferred to the application software where it can be displayed and/or stored. The number of ports used to read out data and other Analog-to Digital conversion factors are configured within LightField on the Analog to Digital Conversion expander using the following parameters:...

  • Page 52: Readout Ports Used

    Readout begins by moving charge from the CCD image area to the shift register(s) in which each pixel typically has twice the capacity of each image pixel. Sophia 4096B is equipped with up to four output amplifiers/ports which provides flexibility in how acquired charge is read out. Refer to Table A-2, CCD Array Specifications, for complete information.

  • Page 53: Figure 8-3: Data Readout Using Two Output Ports

    Chapter 8 Analog to Digital Conversion • 2 amplifiers/output ports; Figure 8-3 illustrates the charge being shifted and read out using two Sophia 4096B output ports. Figure 8-3: Data Readout Using Two Output Ports Shift Register Shift Register Output 1 Output 2 Output Output...

  • Page 54: Output Amplifier

    Because the readout noise for a CCD array increases with readout rate, it may be necessary at times to trade off readout speed for high dynamic range. Sophia 4096B provides users flexibility regarding how quickly the data are digitized by supporting three user-configurable digitization rates: •...

  • Page 55: Adc Offset (Bias)

    D) to a value in the range of 500-600 counts lower. WARNING! If a sudden change in the baseline signal is observed, there may be excessive humidity in the camera vacuum enclosure. Turn off the camera and contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments Customer Support. Refer to Contact Information on page 136 for complete information.

  • Page 56: Analog Gain

    ADU for each supported Analog Gain setting. NOTE: The Certificate of Performance included with Sophia 4096B specifies the measured gain values for various Analog Gain settings. Actual electron counts required are also dependent upon the configured readout rate.

  • Page 57: Example

    Chapter 8 Analog to Digital Conversion 8.3.1 Example In this example, it is assumed the incoming light level is identical in all three instances. The electron counts listed in Table 8-1 are used to illustrate the relative effects of changing controller gain settings and may not reflect actual performance. Achievable gain depends on the CCD being used as well as the readout rate that has been configured.
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  • Page 59: Full Frame Readout

    Chapter 9: Full Frame Readout When operating in Full Frame mode, Sophia 4096B reads and processes a complete frame of data at a time via 1, 2, or 4 output ports. Every pixel of information is digitized individually. REFERENCES: Refer to Section 8.1, Readout Ports...

  • Page 60: Figure 9-2: Full Frame Readout: One Row Of Charge Shifted Into Shift Register

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 9-2: Full Frame Readout: One Row of Charge Shifted into Shift Register Shift Register Amplifier Output Node Image Area NOTE: Typically, each pixel within the Shift Register can store up to twice as much charge as pixels within the CCD imaging area.

  • Page 61: Calculating Image Acquisition/Readout Time

    LightField automatically calculates the readout time, including Region of Interest (ROI) operations and an approximation of overhead times. NOTE: When Sophia 4096B is configured for either 2- or 4-port readout, LightField accounts for very specific symmetry rules regarding ROI dimensions and placement.

  • Page 62: Experiment Timing

    101 for detailed information about each available shutter mode. • Data readout. This section describes how to configure Sophia 4096B to use incoming trigger pulses to precisely control experiment synchronization in Full Frame mode. Figure 9-4 illustrates a typical Trigger In expander.

  • Page 63: Trigger Response

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.1 Trigger Response The Trigger Response parameter defines how, upon receipt of an incoming trigger pulse, Sophia 4096B reads out data that have been acquired. Supported Trigger Response modes are: • Response; • Start on Single Trigger;...

  • Page 64: Figure 9-5: Full Frame Timing Diagram: No Response, Normal

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.1.1 Normal Figure 9-5 illustrates the timing diagram for No Response mode combined with Normal shutter mode. Figure 9-5: Full Frame Timing Diagram: No Response, Normal Pgm’d ACQUIRE Cleans SHUTTER Normal EXPOSE READOUT 9.2.1.1.2 Always Closed Figure 9-6...

  • Page 65: Figure 9-7: Full Frame Timing Diagram: No Response, Always Open

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.1.1.3 Always Open Figure 9-7 illustrates the timing diagram for No Response mode combined with Always Open shutter mode. Figure 9-7: Full Frame Timing Diagram: No Response, Always Open Pgm’d ACQUIRE Cleans SHUTTER Always Open EXPOSE READOUT This mode is typically used when an experiment does not support waiting for the...

  • Page 66: Start On Single Trigger

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.2 Start on Single Trigger Begins the experiment when the trigger is received and the system executes all programmed events. Supported Shutter modes are: • Normal; • Always Closed; • Always Open; • Open Before Trigger.

  • Page 67: Figure 9-9: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Start On Single Trigger, Always Closed

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.1.2.2 Always Closed Figure 9-9 illustrates the timing diagram for Start on Single Trigger mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 9-9: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Start on Single Trigger, Always Closed Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger**...

  • Page 68: Readout Per Trigger

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.2.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 9-11 illustrates the timing diagram for Start On Single Trigger mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 9-11: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Start on Single Trigger, Open Before Trigger Clean Until Pgm’d ACQUIRE...

  • Page 69: Figure 9-12: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Normal

    EXPOSE READOUT **If Enabled When a trigger pulse has been received, Sophia 4096B opens the active shutter for the programmed exposure time, t Once the exposure is complete, the shutter is closed, and the CCD array is read out. Because a shutter requires a finite length of time to fully open, the trigger pulse from the experiment must precede the start of data acquisition by at least this length of time.

  • Page 70: Figure 9-13: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Always Closed

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.3.2 Always Closed Figure 9-13 illustrates the timing diagram for Readout Per Trigger mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 9-13: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Always Closed Clean Clean Pgm’d Until Until...

  • Page 71: Figure 9-15: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.1.3.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 9-15 illustrates the timing diagram for Readout Per Trigger mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 9-15: Full Frame Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger Clean Clean Until Until Pgm’d...

  • Page 72: Expose During Trigger Pulse

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.4 Expose During Trigger Pulse Controls when exposure begins and ends. Supported Shutter modes are: • Normal; • Always Closed; • Always Open; • Open Before Trigger. The effect each of these shutter modes has on experiment synchronization is described in the following sections.

  • Page 73: Figure 9-17: Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Always Closed

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.1.4.2 Always Closed Figure 9-17 illustrates the timing diagram for Expose During Trigger Pulse mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 9-17: Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Always Closed Clean Pgm’d Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger** TRIGGER SHUTTER...

  • Page 74: Figure 9-19: Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Open Before Trigger

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 9.2.1.4.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 9-19 illustrates the timing diagram for Expose During Trigger Pulse mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 9-19: Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Open Before Trigger Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE...

  • Page 75: Trigger Determined By

    Chapter 9 Full Frame Readout 9.2.2 Trigger Determined By When using an external trigger to initiate a readout, Sophia 4096B can be configured to respond to: • The rising edge of the incoming trigger pulse; • The falling edge of the incoming trigger pulse.

  • Page 76: Trigger Out

    Figure 9-20: Typical Trigger Out Expander The following options are available for each of the two output signals: • Acquiring; The associated output signal is high when Sophia 4096B is acquiring or ready to receive the first trigger. • Always High;...

  • Page 77: Chapter 10: Kinetics Readout

    CCD. For Sophia 4096B, this shift can be achieved in as little as 24 s. Kinetics mode allows full frame CCDs to take time-resolved images. Optical or mechanical masking of the array is required.

  • Page 78: 10.1 Kinetics Mode Parameters

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.1 Kinetics Mode Parameters Kinetics mode is selected and configured on the Readout expander as shown in Figure 10-2. Figure 10-2: Typical Readout Expander: Kinetics Mode Parameters 10.1.1 Kinetics Window Height Defines the height, in rows, of the unmasked area of the CCD to be used for kinetics. Valid values are [1 …...

  • Page 79: 10.2 Experiment Timing

    Contact Information on page 136 for complete information. • Data Readout. This section describes how to configure Sophia 4096B to use incoming trigger pulses to precisely control experiment synchronization in Kinetics mode. Figure 10-3 illustrates a typical Trigger In expander.

  • Page 80: Trigger Response

    No Response When No Response is selected, any incoming trigger pulses are ignored. In this mode, Sophia 4096B acquires a series of images, each with the Exposure Time that has been configured on the Common Acquisition Settings expander. The time between successive image frames may be as short as 24 s and is limited by the time...

  • Page 81: Figure 10-4: Kinetics Timing Diagram: No Response, Always Closed

    Chapter 10 Kinetics Readout 10.2.1.1.1 Normal CAUTION! The use of this mode is strongly discouraged. Contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments for assistance before implementing this mode. Refer to Contact Information page 136 for complete information. 10.2.1.1.2 Always Closed Figure 10-4 illustrates the timing diagram for No Response mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode.

  • Page 82: Start On Single Trigger

    2. In all timing diagrams, Trigger Determined By Rising Edge is illustrated. 10.2.1.2.1 Normal CAUTION! The use of this mode is strongly discouraged. Contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments for assistance before implementing this mode. Refer to Contact Information page 136 for complete information.

  • Page 83: Figure 10-6: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Start On Single Trigger, Always Closed

    Chapter 10 Kinetics Readout 10.2.1.2.2 Always Closed Figure 10-4 illustrates the timing diagram for Start on Single Trigger mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 10-6: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Start on Single Trigger, Always Closed Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger** TRIGGER...

  • Page 84: Figure 10-8: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Start On Single Trigger, Open Before Trigger

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.2.1.2.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 10-8 illustrates the timing diagram for Start On Single Trigger mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 10-8: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Start On Single Trigger, Open Before Trigger Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE...

  • Page 85: Readout Per Trigger

    4096B. After a series of images has been acquired, the active shutter closes and the CCD is read out at normal speeds. Once readout is complete, Sophia 4096B is ready for the next series of exposures. Supported Shutter modes are: •...

  • Page 86: Figure 10-9: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Always Closed

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.2.1.3.2 Always Closed Figure 10-15 illustrates the timing diagram for Readout Per Trigger mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 10-9: Kinetics Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Always Closed Clean Pgm’d Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger**...

  • Page 87: Figure 10-11:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger

    Chapter 10 Kinetics Readout 10.2.1.3.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 10-17 illustrates the timing diagram for Readout Per Trigger mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 10-11:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Readout Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger Clean Clean Until Until Pgm’d ACQUIRE Trigger**...

  • Page 88: Shift Per Trigger

    10.2.1.4 Shift Per Trigger When configured for Shift Per Trigger, Sophia 4096B’s active shutter opens when Acquire or Run is clicked. Each exposure-shift cycle throughout the acquisition is triggered independently by a an incoming Trigger Pulse applied at the SYNC connector.

  • Page 89: Figure 10-12:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Shift Per Trigger, Always Closed

    Chapter 10 Kinetics Readout 10.2.1.4.2 Always Closed Figure 10-15 illustrates the timing diagram for Shift Per Trigger mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 10-12:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Shift Per Trigger, Always Closed Clean Until Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE Trigger** Cleans Trigger** TRIGGER...

  • Page 90: Figure 10-14:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Shift Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.2.1.4.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 10-17 illustrates the timing diagram for Shift Per Trigger mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 10-14:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Shift Per Trigger, Open Before Trigger Clean Until Pgm’d Clean Until...

  • Page 91: Expose During Trigger Pulse

    2. In all timing diagrams, Trigger Determined By Rising Edge is illustrated. 10.2.1.5.1 Normal CAUTION! The use of this mode is strongly discouraged. Contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments for assistance before using this shutter mode. Refer to Contact Information page 136 for complete information.

  • Page 92: Figure 10-15:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Always Closed

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.2.1.5.2 Always Closed Figure 10-15 illustrates the timing diagram for Expose During Trigger Pulse mode combined with Always Closed shutter mode. Figure 10-15:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger, Always Closed Clean Pgm’d Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger**...

  • Page 93: Figure 10-17:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger Pulse, Open Before

    Chapter 10 Kinetics Readout 10.2.1.5.4 Open Before Trigger Figure 10-17 illustrates the timing diagram for Expose During Trigger Pulse mode combined with Open Before Trigger shutter mode. Figure 10-17:Kinetics Timing Diagram: Expose During Trigger Pulse, Open Before Trigger Pgm’d Clean Until ACQUIRE Cleans Trigger**...

  • Page 94: Trigger Determined By

    Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 10.2.2 Trigger Determined By When using an external trigger to initiate a readout, Sophia 4096B can be configured to respond to: • The rising edge of the incoming trigger pulse; • The falling edge of the incoming trigger pulse.

  • Page 95: 10.3 Trigger Out

    Figure 10-18:Typical Trigger Out Expander The following options are available for each of the two output signals: • Acquiring; The associated output signal is high when Sophia 4096B is acquiring or ready to receive the first trigger. • Always High;...
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  • Page 97: Chapter 11: Binning

    “blooming”, or spilling of charge back into the image area. When Sophia 4096B is configured to use multiple output ports, there are symmetry requirements when performing hardware binning: •...
  • Page 98 ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 11-1: 2 × 2 Binning B1 C1 D1 B2 C2 D2...

  • Page 99: 11.2 Software Binning

    Summing multiple pixels in software corresponds to collecting more photons, and results in a better S/N ratio in the measurement. 11.3 Array Orientation Because Sophia 4096B incorporates a square format CCD, the CCD may be positioned to perform binning along either direction of the CCD: •...

  • Page 100: Figure 11-2: Binning And Array Orientation

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 11-2: Binning and Array Orientation UTPUT ERIAL EGISTER to A4 to A4 to B4 to C4 to D4 to D1 (0,0) (0,0) INNING LONG OLUMNS INNING LONG INNING CCURS IN ERIAL EGISTER INNING CCURS IN UTPUT...

  • Page 101: Chapter 12: Shutter Configuration And Control

    Chapter 12: Shutter Configuration and Control This chapter provides information about the configuration and control of Sophia 4096B’s integrated internal shutter as well as an external shutter (when connected.) 12.1 Configuration Shutter information is configured within LightField on the Shutter expander. Figure 12-1 illustrates a typical Shutter expander when there is no external shutter installed.

  • Page 102: Active Shutter

    The parameter specifies which shutter will be active for the current experiment. Valid values are: • Internal This specifies that Sophia 4096B’s integrated, internal shutter will be used in the current experiment configuration. NOTE: When this option is selected, the external shutter is...

  • Page 103: Mode

    12.1.3 Opening Delay Specifies, in milliseconds, the length of time Sophia 4096B is to wait for the active shutter to open. Valid values are [0 … 1000] ms, inclusive, in 1 ms increments. 12.1.4...

  • Page 104: Inactive Shutter

    Sophia 4096B camera and/or the shutter, always contact Teledyne Princeton Instruments before connecting an external shutter that is not listed in Table 2-4, Supported External Shutters, on page 25 to a Sophia 4096B. Refer to Contact Information on page 136 for complete information.

  • Page 105: 12.2 Using An External Shutter

    136 for complete information. LightField automatically detects when an external shutter has been connected to Sophia 4096B. By default, the external shutter configured for use is a Prontor Magnetic 0 (23 mm). When using a different supported shutter (refer to...

  • Page 106: Figure 12-3: Typical Shutter Configuration Add-In: Default External Shutter

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure 12-3 illustrates a typical Shutter Configuration add-in with the default shutter selected. Figure 12-3: Typical Shutter Configuration Add-In: Default External Shutter To select an alternative, supported shutter, click on the Shutter Type: field to display a pull-down menu of all supported shutters, and click on the shutter that is being used.

  • Page 107: Figure 12-6: Typical Updated Shutter: Non-Default Shutter Selected

    Chapter 12 Shutter Configuration and Control Click on Update and Restore Experiment to Default to update the external shutter information within the Sophia 4096B system. The Shutter Type: now reflects the selected shutter, similar to that shown in Figure 12-6.
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  • Page 109: Appendix A: Technical Specifications

    Technical Specifications CAUTION! All specifications are subject to change. This appendix provides some technical information and specifications for Sophia 4096B cameras and optional accessories. Additional information may be found on data sheets available on the Teledyne Princeton Instruments website (www.princetoninstruments.com).

  • Page 110: Frame Rate

    1 MHz 0.22 0.654 1.63 3.25 0.22 0.749 1.95 3.92 0.023 0.081 0.255 0.689 0.023 0.081 0.254 0.687 Sophia 4096B HDR 3 MHz 0.576 2.65 4.86 0.576 1.32 3.05 1 MHz 0.216 0.427 0.836 0.216 0.728 1.99 4.45 0.023 0.081 0.257...

  • Page 111: Thermal Characteristics

    To achieve temperatures -70°C or colder the camera should be liquid cooled. Power Specifications All voltages required by Sophia 4096B cameras are generated and delivered by an external power supply included with each Sophia 4096B camera using the supplied cables.

  • Page 112: Environmental Specifications

    A minimum of 1 inch (2.54 cm) clearance is required around all vents on the Sophia 4096B camera. Where Sophia 4096B is within an enclosure, >30 cfm air circulation and heat dissipation of 250 W is required. External Coolant Circulator Specifications CAUTION! Never set the coolant temperature below the dew point.

  • Page 113: Shutter Specifications

    Contact Information on page 136 for complete information. External shutters must be equipped with a compatible shutter connector in order to plug into the external SHUTTER connector located on the rear of the Sophia 4096B camera (see Figure 2-4 on page 21). Shutters that have been supplied by Teledyne Princeton Instruments will be equipped with the proper connector.

  • Page 114: Minimum Host Computer Specifications

    Computers and operating systems experience frequent updates. Therefore, the following sections are intended to provide minimum system requirements for operating a Sophia 4096B camera. A faster computer with 5 GB or larger memory (RAM) will greatly enhance the software performance during live mode operations.

  • Page 115: Appendix B: Outline Drawings

    Appendix B: Outline Drawings This appendix provides outlines drawing for the Sophia 4096B Camera System. Figure B-1: Outline Drawing: Sophia 4096B Camera...

  • Page 116: Figure B-2: Outline Drawing: Sophia 4096B Power Supply

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 Figure B-2: Outline Drawing: Sophia 4096B Power Supply...

  • Page 117: Appendix C: Drain Coolant From Sophia 4096B

    This appendix provides information necessary to safely drain coolant from within the Sophia 4096B camera body. Place Sophia 4096B camera body on a flat, secure surface with the two coolant fittings facing down and positioned over a container that will collect the coolant as it is draining.

  • Page 118: Figure C-2: Depressing Coolant Fittings' Center Pistons

    LLEN RENCHES IMILAR OOLS This will allow the coolant to drain out of the Sophia 4096B and into the collection bucket. NOTE: It is not necessary to drain every drop of coolant out of the Sophia 4096B, but always drain as much as reasonably...
  • Page 119 3. When the coolant has drained, release the pistons and verify that they return to their normal, closed position. 4. Use a soft cloth to wipe off any stray coolant from the Sophia 4096B and/or surrounding areas. 5. If available, install rubber fitting covers onto the coolant fittings prior to shipping or storing the Sophia 4096B.
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  • Page 121: Appendix D: Custom Modes

    In addition to Binning and Regions of Interest, Custom Sensor can be used to reduce Readout Time by reducing the apparent size of the CCD array. CAUTION! Teledyne Princeton Instruments does not encourage users to change these settings. For most applications, default values provide the best results. It is strongly advised that users contact the factory for assistance before customizing the chip definition.

  • Page 122: Custom Timing

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 By changing the values in the Active fields, image acquisition speed can be increased by reducing the size of the active area in the definition. The result will be faster, but lower resolution, data acquisition. Operating in this mode would ordinarily require that the chip be masked so that only the reduced active area is exposed.

  • Page 123: Appendix E: Troubleshooting

    Do not attach or remove any cables while the camera system is powered on. The Sophia 4096B power supply is equipped with a red FAULT LED on its rear panel. When the system is operating normally, this LED is extinguished. However, when an error has been detected, the number of times the LED flashes is indicative of the specific fault.

  • Page 124: General Camera Faults/Errors

    E.1.1 Connection Failure or Logic Power Supply Overcurrent This failure is indicated by the red FAULT LED on the rear of the Sophia 4096B power supply being ON (i.e., does not flash.) Examine the primary power cable and repair/replace as necessary.

  • Page 125: Overexposed Ccd

    Appendix E Troubleshooting E.1.3 Overexposed CCD It takes an enormous power density to damage the CCD at room temperature or cooled. It can be done (e.g., imaging the sun with a large aperture lens, so that the silicon is heated.) What can happen if the CCD is cold is a temporary elevation of the dark current.

  • Page 126: Cooling Faults/Errors

    The camera's internal temperature may be too high which may occur if the operating environment is particularly warm or when attempting to operate at a temperature colder than the specified limit. Sophia 4096B cameras are equipped with a thermal-protection switch that shuts the cooler circuits down if the internal temperature exceeds a preset limit.

  • Page 127: Camera Loses Temperature Lock

    E.2.3 Gradual Deterioration of Cooling Capability While unlikely with the Sophia 4096B camera (guaranteed permanent vacuum for the life of the camera), if a gradual deterioration of the cooling capability is observed, there may be a gradual deterioration of the camera’s vacuum. This can affect temperature performance such that it may be impossible to achieve temperature lock at the lowest temperatures.

  • Page 128: External Coolant Circulator: Low Coolant (Air In The Hoses)

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 E.2.4 External Coolant Circulator: Low Coolant (Air in the Hoses) WARNING! If more than 2” [50.8 mm] of a coolant line is filled with air, the pump will stop working and may be damaged. If flow stops while the pump is on, turn off the coolant circulator and add coolant.

  • Page 129: Shutter Faults/Errors

    E.3.2 Shutter Power Supply Overcurrent When the red FAULT LED on the rear of the Sophia 4096B power supply blinks three times, it indicates that a shutter power supply overcurrent has been detected. Immediately halt the current experiment and cycle power to the camera to clear the fault.

  • Page 130: Lightfield Faults/Errors

    ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 LightField Faults/Errors This section provides information about troubleshooting problems that may occur with LightField. E.4.1 Devices Missing When LightField is started, it looks for devices that are powered on and connected via a communications interface to the host computer.

  • Page 131: Device Is Occupied

    Appendix E Troubleshooting E.4.2 Device is Occupied Although multiple instances of LightField can be running at the same time, any device that is currently in use by one instance of LightField will be shown within the Available Devices area of all other instances as Occupied. See Figure E-2.
  • Page 132 ® Sophia 4096B System Manual Issue 2.1 When a filename is listed, it indicates that the data being displayed are static (i.e., data from the indicated file,) and not live data that are currently being acquired. To return to a live data view, click on the to the right of the filename to view the pull-down menu and select Live Data.

  • Page 133: Warranty And Service

    (1) year after shipment. During this period, Teledyne Princeton Instruments will repair the product or, at its sole option, repair or replace any defective part without charge to you. You must deliver the entire product to the Teledyne Princeton Instruments factory or, at our option, to a factory-authorized service center.

  • Page 134: Sealed Chamber Integrity Limited 12 Month Warranty

    (1) year from shipment. Teledyne Princeton Instruments does not warrant that the function of the software will meet your requirements or that operation will be uninterrupted or error free.

  • Page 135: Owner's Manual And Troubleshooting

    3. All warranty service must be made by the Teledyne Princeton Instruments factory or, at our option, an authorized service center. 4. Before products or parts can be returned for service you must contact the Teledyne Princeton Instruments factory and receive a return authorization number (RMA.) Products or parts returned for service without a return authorization evidenced by an RMA will be sent back freight collect.

  • Page 136: Contact Information

    In no event shall Teledyne Princeton Instruments’ liability exceed the cost of the repair or replacement of the defective product or part.
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  • Page 138 USA +1 877-474-2286 | France +33 (1) 60 86 03 65 | Germany +49 (0) 89 660 7793 | UK & Ireland +44 (0) 1628 472 346 Singapore +65 6408 6240 | China +86 10 659 16460 | Japan +81 (3) 5639 2741...
  • Page 139 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of Teledyne Princeton Instruments. IntelliCal and PICam are trademarks and eXcelon, LightField, and PVCAM are registered trademarks of Teledyne Princeton Instruments. LabVIEW is a registered trademark of National Instruments, Inc.

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