ST AEK-POW-BMSLV How To Use Manual

UM3371
User manual
How to use the AEK-POW-BMSLV battery management system evaluation board
for low-voltage applications
Introduction
The AEK-POW-BMSLV evaluation board combines advanced features with an efficient design, providing a complete solution for
optimizing the performance and durability of 48 V battery systems.
The AEK-POW-BMSLV has been specifically designed to manage the battery management system for low-voltage applications:
applications whose voltage range is below 60 V, for example, motorcycles auxiliary power and electric bikes.
The AEK-POW-BMSLV is built with automotive-grade components. It can be connected to a battery pack to monitor both the
state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of each battery.
It hosts the following devices: SPC58EC80E5, L9963E, L9963T, SPSB100 (customized version with CAN port), and
VNQ7050AJ.
The SPC58EC80E5 automotive-grade microcontroller is responsible for calculating the SOC and the SOH of the battery pack
connected, based on the measurement provided by the L9963E through the L9963T ISOSPI to SPI transceiver.
The SPSB100 power management integrated circuit (PMIC) has been integrated in this board as a customized version. This
version features an embedded CAN-FD transceiver able to address and transmit the relevant information from the AEK-POW-
BMSLV to an external domain control zone.
Thanks to the L9963T transceiver, the MCU, and the L9963E communicate through the ISOSPI protocol, implementing
differential communication for higher noise immunity. This is not strictly required considering that it is a low voltage application,
but it opens the possibility for easy extension to the high voltage case.
The main activity of the L9963E is monitoring cells through stack voltage measurement, cell voltage measurement, temperature
measurement, and coulomb counting. Measurement and diagnostic tasks can be executed either on demand or periodically,
with a programmable cycle interval.
The main functions of a standard BMS are monitoring and protecting the battery pack. The protection function brings the system
to a safe state in case of under/overvoltage and overheating. Our board safety features include overload and overvoltage
protection, against potential issues that could compromise battery integrity, alongside overdischarge protection to prevent
excessive discharge and extend battery life.
Its compact dimensions (145x65 mm) ensure easy integration into various applications requiring precise battery management.
Moreover, it offers customizable features such as cell voltage and temperature sensing, cell balancing, safety monitoring,
diagnostics algorithms, fault detection and storage, auxiliary battery voltage measurement, and several control systems.
It also manages battery balancing by passive discharge, thanks to the software already preloaded on the on-board
SPC58EC80E5 microcontroller.
The versatile CAN2.0A/B protocol facilitates integration into several systems and efficient component communication.
The AEK-POW-BMSLV is equipped with two CAN ports for flexible networked connections, while four high-side channels
outputs optimized power distribution. The BMS adjusts to various battery configurations, supporting up to 14 series-connected
cells.
The AEK-POW-BMSLV features an elaborate monitoring network to sense the voltage of each cell, the current of the entire
battery pack and the cell temperature through 8 external thermistors (not included in the package) to be placed according to
your application requirements. This sensing allows elaborating the SOC of each battery cell and, consequently, the state of
charge of all battery packs.
The SOC allows assessing the remaining battery capacity. For maintenance reasons, it is important to monitor the SOC
estimation over time.
AEK-POW-BMSLV core features ensure battery health and longevity. Continuous voltage monitoring provides real-time
information about the battery status, enabling quick detection of deviations from ideal voltage levels, ensuring reliability, and
preventing potential issues.
According to our algorithm based on an extended Kalman filter for the SOC calculation, the more the SOC differs from its
nominal value (that is, its value when the batteries are new), the more a cell of the battery pack risks overdischarge.
UM3371 - Rev 4 - October 2024
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