Single Ip Address Operation Using Nat - NETGEAR FR114P Reference Manual

Reference Manual for the Model FR114P, FR114W and FM114P Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall Family

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT

In the past, if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously, you had to
obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP. This type of Internet account is more costly than a
single-address account typically used by a single user with a modem, rather than a router. The
FR114P Firewall employs an address-sharing method called Network Address Translation (NAT).
This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP
address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP.
The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a
single address that is globally unique on the Internet. The internal LAN IP addresses can be either
private addresses or registered addresses. For more information about IP address translation, refer
to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).
The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation.
192.168.0.2
192.168.0.3
192.168.0.4
192.168.0.5
Figure B-3. Single IP Address Operation Using NAT
B-8
Private IP addresses
assigned by user
192.168.0.1
IP addresses
assigned by ISP
172.21.15.105
Internet
Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics
7786EA