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Hukseflux SR30-M2-D1 User Manual
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Hukseflux SR30-M2-D1 User Manual

Digital class a (secondary standard) pyranometer with heating and tilt sensor
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Hukseflux
Thermal Sensors
USER MANUAL SR30-M2-D1
Digital Class A (secondary standard)
pyranometer with heating and tilt sensor
compliant with IEC
61724-1:2017 Class A
Copyright by Hukseflux | manual v2203 | www.hukseflux.com | info@hukseflux.com

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Summary of Contents for Hukseflux SR30-M2-D1

  • Page 1 Hukseflux Thermal Sensors USER MANUAL SR30-M2-D1 Digital Class A (secondary standard) pyranometer with heating and tilt sensor compliant with IEC 61724-1:2017 Class A Copyright by Hukseflux | manual v2203 | www.hukseflux.com | info@hukseflux.com...
  • Page 2 Failure to comply with a caution statement may lead to risk of minor or moderate physical injuries. NOTICE Failure to comply with a notice may lead to damage to equipment or may compromise reliable operation of the instrument. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 2/83...
  • Page 3 Connecting to an RS-485 network Electrical isolation, grounding and shield connection Cabling requirements A PC as RS-485 master Communication with SR30-M2-D1 PC communication: Hukseflux Sensor Manager software Network communication: getting started Changing the device address and serial communication settings Use of remote diagnostics Recommendations...
  • Page 4 Calibration and checks in the field Data quality assurance Appendices 10.1 Appendix on tools for SR30-M2-D1 10.2 Appendix on spare parts for SR30-M2-D1 10.3 Appendix on the ventilator 10.4 Appendix on standards for classification and calibration 10.5 Appendix on calibration hierarchy 10.6...
  • Page 5 International Organization for Standards Least-Significant Word Most-Significant Word Plane of Array Photovoltaic Rounds-per-Minute SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition World Meteorological Organization ® Modbus is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric, licensed to the Modbus Organization, Inc. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 5/83...
  • Page 6 • Spectrally flat: WMO compliant, also suitable for Plane of Array, diffuse, and albedo measurement Figure 0.1 SR30-M2-D1 digital spectrally flat Class A pyranometer with heating and tilt sensor NOTICE This manual supports model SR30-M2-D1, the successor of SR30-D1.
  • Page 7 Heating – technology, developed by Hukseflux, suppresses dew and frost deposition and is as effective as traditional ventilation systems, without the maintenance hassle and large footprint. low power consumption: SR30-M2-D1 requires less than 3 W, compared to 10 W for • traditional ventilation systems low maintenance: SR30-M2-D1 does not require filter cleaning •...
  • Page 8 (Global Horizontal Irradiance) and POA (Plane of Array) PV monitoring measurement with RVH technology (front ) Liabilities covered: test certificates Improved electronics Model SR30-M2-D1 is the successor of the popular SR30-D1 and offers improved electronics design over its predecessor. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 8/83...
  • Page 9 Communication with a PC: Hukseflux Sensor Manager Software For communication between a PC and SR30-M2-D1, the Hukseflux Sensor Manager software can be used. It allows the user to plot and export data, and change the SR30- M2-D1 Modbus address and its communication settings.
  • Page 10 Figure 0.5 Optional levelling mount (picture on the left); a practical spring-loaded mount for easy mounting, levelling and instrument exchange on flat surfaces, and the optional tube mount (picture on the right) including spring-loaded levelling upper clamp, lower clamp for tube mounting and two sets of bolts. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 10/83...
  • Page 11 • consult our pyranometer selection guide • • introduction of SR30 on our YouTube channel environmental impact analysis of SR30 • ventilate and heat pyranometers • view our complete range of solar sensors • SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 11/83...
  • Page 12 Figure 0.8 SR30-M2-D1 standard cable with M12-A female connector on sensor end. On the opposite end (not visible), the cable is terminated with removed sheath over 0.15 m;...
  • Page 13 1 Ordering and checking at delivery 1.1 Ordering SR30-M2-D1 The standard configuration of SR30-M2-D1 is with 5 metres cable. Common options are: • longer cable; 10 and 20 metres • levelling mount. Specify article number LM01 • tube levelling mount with set of bolts. Includes LM01. Specify article number TLM01 Table 1.1.1 Ordering codes for SR30...
  • Page 14 • lower clamp to mount SR30 to a tube or mounting rod • 2 sets of bolts for different tube diameters Please store the certificates in a safe place. The latest version of the Hukseflux Sensor Manager can be downloaded via www.hukseflux.com/downloads. 1.3 Quick instrument check A quick test of the instrument can be done by connecting it to a PC and installing the Sensor Manager software.
  • Page 15 (10) quick release system of sun screen (11) instrument body (12) levelling feet (13) optional spring-loaded levelling mount (14) optional tube mount (15) screws included with tube mount SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 15/83...
  • Page 16 SR30, the analogue thermopile voltage is converted by the instrument electronics to a digital signal. In this process the temperature dependence of the thermopile is compensated. SR30-M2-D1 uses high-end conversion electronics with a very small temperature dependence and excellent long-term stability.
  • Page 17 2. solar radiation pyranometer response 1000 10000 wavelength [x 10 Figure 2.0.2 Spectral response of the pyranometer compared to the solar spectrum. The pyranometer only cuts off a negligible part of the total solar spectrum. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 17/83...
  • Page 18 This error is valid under a clear sky on a sunny day. This is not the common spectrum in normal application in solar renewable energy and it is also not the common spectrum in meteorological application. Even for frequently occurring situations, SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 18/83...
  • Page 19 (zero) spectral errors under • all conditions, because they are calibrated out. Figure 2.1.1 Recirculating ventilation and heating between the inner- and outer dome is much more power-efficient than traditional ventilation systems. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 19/83...
  • Page 20 2.2 Operating modes: heating and ventilation A unique feature of SR30-M2-D1 is its built-in heater and ventilator. In practice, this is as effective against dew and frost deposition as using traditional ventilation systems. The heater is attached to the sensor body. Heat is generated inside the sensor body. The ventilator circulates air inside the body and between the domes.
  • Page 21 < 3 W. NOTICE Do not use SR30-M2-D1 with heater [ON] and ventilator [OFF]. This is not a valid operating mode. ISO 9060:2018 spectrally flat class A specifications will not be met in this operating mode.
  • Page 22 2.4 Use of the tilt sensor SR30-M2-D1 is equipped with an internal tilt sensor. The tilt measurement serves to monitor slow, long-term changes as well as incidents that cause the instrument to move. The absolute accuracy of the sensor depends on temperature and is not as high as that of the bubble level.
  • Page 23 3 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 3.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 SR30-M2-D1 measures the solar radiation received by a plane surface from a 180 field of view angle. This quantity, expressed in W/m , is called “hemispherical” solar radiation. as a digital output. SR30-M2-D1 must be used in...
  • Page 24 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 (continued on next pages) NOTICE This manual supports model SR30-M2-D1, the successor of SR30-D1. Need support for the discontinued SR30-D1? Please refer to its separate manual. SR30-M2-D1 ADDITIONAL SPECIFICATIONS Spectral range (285 to 3000) x 10...
  • Page 25 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 (started on previous pages) Measurand sensor internal relative humidity Humidity sensor accuracy ± 3 % RH (for RH between 0 and 80 %) Humidity sensor hysteresis ± 1 % RH Measurand sensor internal pressure sensor uncertainty ±...
  • Page 26 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 (started on previous pages) Supply voltage range 8 to 30 VDC Power consumption < 3.0 W at 12 VDC MEDIUM POWER OPERATING MODE Operating mode heater [OFF] and ventilator [ON] Zero offset a 2 W/m...
  • Page 27 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 (started on previous pages) Hardware interface 2-wire (half-duplex) RS-485 Communication protocol Modbus Transmission mode BAUD rate settings 9600, 19200, 38400, 115200 Data bits Eight Parity bits None, even, odd Stop bits Default serial settings 19200 bits/s, eight data bits, even parity, one stop bit...
  • Page 28 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of SR30-M2-D1 (started on previous pages) OPTIONS Longer cable: 10 or 20 metre length option code = total cable length Cable with M12-A female connector on one end and stripped on other end (conductors stripped over 0.15 m with...
  • Page 29 3.2 Dimensions of SR30-M2-D1 M5 (2x) Ø 68 Ø 25 - Ø 40 mm Figure 3.2.1 Dimensions of SR30-M2-D1 in x 10 m. Mounts are optional SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 29/83...
  • Page 30 Standard Practice for Field Meteorological Instruments pyranometers -- Recommended Use of Pyranometers, and Methods of Observation, practice for use Pyrheliometers and UV chapter 7, measurement of Radiometers radiation, 7.3 measurement of global and diffuse solar radiation SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 30/83...
  • Page 31 Averages on the minute time scale produce the same result as in the standard operating mode. The measurement is less sensitive to rapid changes of the instrument temperature (thermal shock) resulting in less noise on the irradiance reading. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 31/83...
  • Page 32 Table 4.5.1 Standards with recommendations for instrument use in sunshine duration measurement STANDARDS FOR INSTRUMENT USE FOR SUNSHINE DURATION Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, Part I: Measurement of Meteorological Variables; WMO-No. 8; 2008; chapter 8, measurement of sunshine duration, section 8.2.2 Pyranometric Method SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 32/83...
  • Page 33 5 Installation of SR30-M2-D1 5.1 Site selection and mechanical installation Table 5.1.1 Recommendations for installation of pyranometers (continued on next page) Location the horizon should be as free from obstacles as possible. Ideally, there should be no objects between the course of the sun and the instrument.
  • Page 34 Table 5.1.1 Recommendations for installation of pyranometers (started on previous page) Cable lengths Do not directly connect cables longer than 20 meters to SR30-M2-D1. Whenever connection to a longer cable is required, connect the instrument to that cable through a suitable isolated interface (i.e. power and signal isolation, e.g.
  • Page 35 The quick release system consists of a spring loaded lever opposite the bubble level window of the SR30-M2-D1 sun screen. The bottom of the handle can be pulled out gently. Once the handle is pulled out and fully released, as shown in the figure below, the sun screen can be lifted off manually for removal.
  • Page 36 The optional levelling mount, for simplified mounting and levelling of SR30-M2-D1 on a flat surface such as a platform or bracket, is easy to use. It can be fitted to SR30-M2-D1 using the mount’s spring-loaded centre bolt and a 4 mm hex key or a 10 mm spanner. It can be mounted on a flat surface by inserting two M5 bolts (not included) in the designated holes.
  • Page 37 Figure 5.3.1.2 bottom of SR30-M2-D1 levelling mount. Preferred (un)locking with 4 mm hex key Figure 5.3.1.3 SR30-M2-D1 levelling mount seen from above: (un)locking with a 10 mm spanner Figure 5.3.1.4 SR30-M2-D1 levelling mount seen from the side: (un)locking with a 10 mm spanner SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203...
  • Page 38 SR30-M2-D1’s static foot remains fixed. In all cases, ensure the legs of SR30-M2-D1 fit into one of the small ledges of the levelling mount. Locking is in place, when the nut is turned all the way against the bottom plate of SR30-M2-D1 5.3.2 Tube levelling mount...
  • Page 39 25 to 40 mm (tube not included). Installation requires a 4 mm hex key. Figure 5.3.2.2 Optional tube levelling mount; installation requires a 4 mm hex key SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 39/83...
  • Page 40 For reliable operation it is important to follow the installation instructions and recommendation in this section carefully. The wiring of SR30-M2-D1 is explained in Figures 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 and Table 5.4.1. On a coarse level SR30-M2-D1 can be viewed as having three electrical ports: a DC power port, a signal port and an enclosure port.
  • Page 41 RS-485 [data+], B’ or B Grey RS-485 [data−], A’ or A Yellow cable shield / body *numbering as indicated in Figure 5.4.2 Figure 5.4.2: Schematic of the M12-A connector layout of SR30-M2-D1, indicating the PIN numbers SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 41/83...
  • Page 42 5.6.1 RS-485 network SR30-M2-D1 is designed for use in a two-wire (half-duplex) RS-485 network. In such a network, SR30-M2-D1 acts as a slave device, responding to data requests from the master device. An RS-485 network (or bus), consists of a twisted wire pair for data transmission plus a signal ground wire.
  • Page 43 Line termination is required at both ends of the bus between the [data+] and [data-] lines. Two, and no more and no less than two termination resistors should be placed (see also: MODBUS over serial line specification and implementation guide v1.02, section 3.4.5, page 27). SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 43/83...
  • Page 44 • the cable shield (yellow wire) is electrically connected to the SR30-M2-D1 body • the SR30-M2-D1 metal body is anodised. This forms a thin insulating encapsulation of the metal. As a consequence, the instrument may or may not become electrically connected to its mounting platform.
  • Page 45 5.7.1 Spatially extended installations (total cable lengths >5 m) To avoid exposure of the SR30-M2-D1 to large electrical currents or voltages caused by ground potential differences, electrical isolation and grounding is an important point of attention in the installation design.
  • Page 46 NOTICE Do not directly connect cables longer than 20 metres to SR30-M2-D1. If longer cables are required always electrically isolate the instrument from that cable. NOTICE Ground potential differences may compromise reliable operation of the instrument. Take special care of grounding and installation when installing SR30-M2-D1 in spatially extended networks.
  • Page 47 A PC as RS-485 master SR30-M2-D1 can be accessed and controlled using a Personal Computer (PC). In this case communication with the sensor is most easily done through the user interface of the Hukseflux Sensor Manager software. Alternatively, third-party software which supports the Modbus RTU protocol can be used.
  • Page 48 Modbus testing tool. The Hukseflux Sensor Manager software provides a user interface for communication between a PC and SR30-M2-D1. It allows the user to locate, configure and test one or more SR30-M2-D1’s and to perform simple laboratory measurements using a PC. The Hukseflux Sensor Manager’s most common use is for initial functionality testing and...
  • Page 49 A maximum of five 16 bit Modbus registers may be read in a single request. In case six or more registers are read in one request, SR30-M2-D1 will not respond. If the user needs the content of six or more registers, multiple request cycles must be performed.
  • Page 50 Setting the device address and serial communication settings (BAUD rate and parity) can be done in different ways: by connecting the sensor to a PC and using the Hukseflux Sensor Manager; • by connecting the sensor to a PC and using another Modbus testing tool. There are •...
  • Page 51 Measurement of the sensors’ temperature is done using a digital sensor temperature sensor. The sensor signal serves to externally monitor the SR30-M2-D1 temperature and, at the same time, is used by the internal electronics for temperature correction of the measurands.
  • Page 52 When operating SR30-M2-D1 in standard operating mode (heater [ON] and ventilator [ON]) this should not normally occur. When operating SR30-M2-D1 in low or medium power operating mode, water condensation can occur.
  • Page 53 -10 °C ventilator speed may be significantly lower. When the speed consistently falls below 5000 RPM, maintenance is required, and replacement of the ventilator may be needed. The ventilator replacement interval is < 5 years. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 53/83...
  • Page 54 * defined by Hukseflux as all factors outside the instrument that are relevant to the measurement such as the cloud cover (presence or absence of direct radiation), sun position, the local horizon (which may be obstructed) or condition of the ground (when tilted).
  • Page 55 PV system performance monitoring, in addition to instruments measuring in the Plane of Array, horizontally placed instruments are used for the measurement of global radiation. Global irradiance data enable the user to compare the local climate SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 55/83...
  • Page 56 • design a schedule of repair or replacement in case of defects • When operating multiple instruments in a network, Hukseflux recommends keeping procedures simple and having a few spare instruments to act as replacements during service, recalibrations and repair.
  • Page 57 3) A separate estimate has to be entered to allow for estimated uncertainty due to the instrument maintenance level. 4) The calibration uncertainty has to be entered. Please note that Hukseflux calibration uncertainties are lower than those of alternative equipment. These uncertainties are entered in measurement equation (equation is usually Formula 0.1: E = U/S), either as...
  • Page 58 Radiation Center in Davos, Switzerland. The latest calibration method results in an uncertainty of the sensitivity of less than 1.2 %, compared to typical uncertainties of higher than 1.7 % for this pyranometer class. See the appendix for detailed information on calibration hierarchy. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 58/83...
  • Page 59 WMO recommends daily inspection and cleaning of pyranometers used in meteorological networks. Table 9.1.1 Recommended maintenance of SR30-M2-D1. If possible, the data analysis and cleaning (1 and 2) should be done on a daily basis. (continued on next page)
  • Page 60 NOTE: use Hukseflux approved parts only. 9.2 Trouble shooting Table 9.2.1 Trouble shooting for SR30-M2-D1 (continued on next pages) General Inspect the instrument for any damage. Inspect if the connector is properly attached.
  • Page 61 Check if the correct device address and serial communication settings are being used. Default settings upon delivery are listed in section 3.1. If settings are not known use the Hukseflux Sensor Manager. Connect sensor to a PC and perform a search operation with the Sensor Manager to determine the pyranometer’s device address and serial communication settings.
  • Page 62 The applicable standard is ISO 9847 “International Standard- Solar Energy- calibration of field pyranometers by comparison to a reference pyranometer”. At Hukseflux an indoor calibration according to the same standard is used. Hukseflux recommendation for re-calibration: if possible, perform calibration indoor by comparison to an identical reference instrument, under normal incidence conditions.
  • Page 63 • communication events (Modbus CRC fails) per unit time The main idea is that one should look out for any unrealistic values. There are programs on the market that can semi-automatically perform data screening. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 63/83...
  • Page 64 SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 64/83...
  • Page 65 SR30-M2-D1, with female M12-A connector at sensor end, conductors • stripped over 0.15 m with ferrules (5, 10, 20 m). Specify cable length cable for SR30-M2-D1, 20 m length, with male and female M12-A connectors • (order number C07E-20) levelling mount for SR30-M2-D1, for spring-loaded levelling and mounting SR30 on a •...
  • Page 66 < 5000 RPM at 20 °C consistently, there may be a problem and fan replacement may be needed. Factors that may negatively impact the fan life time are: • long operation at elevated temperatures, especially above +70 °C • frequently (re-)starting the ventilator • excessive mechanical shocks and vibrations SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 66/83...
  • Page 67 WRR is accepted as representing the physical units of total irradiance. The worldwide homogeneity of the meteorological radiation measurements is guaranteed by the World Radiation Center in Davos Switzerland, by maintaining the World Standard Group (WSG) which materialises the World Radiometric Reference. See www.pmodwrc.ch. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 67/83...
  • Page 68 (transfer error). The coverage factor must be determined; at Hukseflux we work with a coverage factor k = 2. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203...
  • Page 69 In solar energy radiant exposure is often given in W∙h/m Table 10.6.1 Meteorological radiation quantities as recommended by WMO (additional symbols by Hukseflux Thermal Sensor). POA stands for Plane of Array irradiance. The term originates from ASTM and IEC standards.
  • Page 70 Table 10.7.1 Valid classification table for pyranometers per ISO 9060:2018 and WMO. NOTE: WMO specification of spectral selectivity is different from that of ISO. Hukseflux conforms to the ISO limits. WMO also specifies expected accuracies. ISO finds this not to be a part of the classification system because it also involves calibration.
  • Page 71 (guarded acceptance) — the tolerance interval is determined by the acceptance interval and the guard bands from iso 9060: 2018 table 1 (same as 10.8.1). Reference: JCGM 106 and ISO /IEC Guide 98-4 Uncertainty of measurement — Part 4: Role of measurement uncertainty in conformity assessment SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 71/83...
  • Page 72 (c) daily exposure values are for clear days at mid-latitudes. WMO 7.3.2.5: Table 7.5 lists the expected maximum deviation from the true value, excluding calibration errors. ** At Hukseflux the expression ± 1 % is used instead of a range of 2 %. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 72/83...
  • Page 73 Zero offset a: response to 200 W/m net thermal radiation (ventilated). ISO 9060:2018 (200 W/m Hukseflux assumes that unventilated instruments have to thermal specify the zero-offset in unventilated – worst case – radiation ) conditions. Zero offsets are a measure of the stability of the zero- point.
  • Page 74 Hukseflux sensitive. For a normal pyranometer this should be in the 0.3 to 3 x 10 m range. Some pyranometers with coloured glass domes have a limited spectral range. SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 74/83...
  • Page 75 The former is the direct component, the latter is the diffuse component of the solar radiation. (ref: WMO, Hukseflux) Hemispherical solar radiation received by a plane surface from a 180 ° field of view angle (solid solar radiation angle of 2π...
  • Page 76 NOTICE Depending on processing by the network master, your data request may need an offset of +1 for each SR30-M2-D1 register address. Example: SR30-M2-D1 register address 7 + master offset = 7 + 1 = master register address 8. Consult the manual of the local network master.
  • Page 77 Response time as In x 0.1 s measured during calibration Sensor resistance as In x 0.1 Ω measured during calibration Reserved Always 0 46 + 47 Sensor calibration Calibration date of date the sensor in YYYYMMDD SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 77/83...
  • Page 78 Calibration date See register 65 + history 4 79 + 80 Sensor sensitivity See register 63 + Float history 5 81 + 82 Calibration date See register 65 + history 5 83 - 86 Factory use SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 78/83...
  • Page 79 NOTICE Depending on processing by the network master device, your data request may need an offset of +1 for each SR30-M2-D1 register address. If so, this offset applies to coils as well. Consult the manual of the network master device.
  • Page 80 Only tested up to 500 V line-to-ground Note: All emission testing has been performed under a lamp at about 200 W/m and all immunity testing has been performed at about 200 W/m and is repeated at 300 W/m SR30-M2-D1 manual v2203 80/83...
  • Page 81 10.13 EU declaration of conformity Hukseflux Thermal Sensors B.V. Delftechpark 31 2628 XJ Delft The Netherlands in accordance with the requirements of the following directive: 2014/30/EU The Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 2011/65/EU, The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (EU) 2015/863 2006/42/EG...
  • Page 83 © 2022, Hukseflux Thermal Sensors B.V. www.hukseflux.com Hukseflux Thermal Sensors B.V. reserves the right to change specifications without notice.