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Summary of Contents for AEMC 4620
- Page 1 User Manual ENGLISH 4620 & 4630 GROUND TESTERS WITH AEMC INSTRUMENTS ®...
- Page 2 Copyright © Chauvin Arnoux , Inc. d.b.a. AEMC Instruments. All rights reserved. ® ® No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into any other language) without prior agreement and written consent from Chauvin Arnoux , Inc., as governed by United States and International copyright laws.
- Page 3 Statement of Compliance Chauvin Arnoux , Inc. d.b.a. AEMC Instruments ® ® certifies that this instrument has been calibrated using standards and instruments traceable to international standards. We guarantee that at the time of shipping your instrument has met its published specifications.
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Page 4: Table Of Contents
1.4 ORDERING INFORMATION ............. 8 1.4.1 Kits, Accessories, and Replacement Parts ........9 2. PRODUCT FEATURES ..............10 2.1 CONTROL AND CONNECTOR FEATURES (4620) ....10 2.2 CONTROL AND CONNECTOR FEATURES (4630) ....11 2.3 FAULT INDICATOR LEDS ............12 2.3.1 X-Z Fault .................. - Page 5 6.3.4 Replacing the Safety Fuse ............6.4 CLEANING ................42 6.5 STORAGE ................. 42 6.6 REPAIR AND CALIBRATION ..........42 6.7 TECHNICAL AND SALES ASSISTANCE ....... 43 6.8 LIMITED WARRANTY .............. 43 6.9 WARRANTY REPAIRS ............43 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 6: Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION Thank you for purchasing a Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 4620 or Model 4630. For best results from your instrument and for your safety, read the enclosed operating instructions carefully and comply with the precautions for use. These products must be used only by qualified and trained users. -
Page 7: Precautions For Use
Save the damaged packing container to substantiate your claim. NOTE: Do not use equipment that appears to be damaged. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 8: Ordering Information
Ground Resistance Tester Model 4620 ......... Cat. #2130.43 Includes 8 C cell batteries and user manual. Ground Resistance Tester Model 4620 Kit (150 ft) ...... Cat. #2135.19 Includes ground tester, two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30... -
Page 9: Kits, Accessories, And Replacement Parts
Includes two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of two 5 ft color-coded (red/blue) leads, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC ® tape measure, and carrying bag. -
Page 10: Product Features
3. Input terminal Y (S) the TEST button is pressed) 4. Input terminal Xv (ES) 10. Fuse holder 5. Input terminal X (E) 11. TEST button 6. X-Z Fault indicator (when released, turns the unit OFF) Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 11: Control And Connector Features (4630)
9. Xv-Y High Noise indicator 3. Input terminal Z (H) 4. Input terminal Y (S) 10. Display (with backlight) 11. Fuse holder 5. Input terminal Xv (ES) 6. Input terminal X (E) 12. Test button Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 12: Fault Indicator Leds
■ Connect all the shields to the rod under test. 2.4 BUZZER The Models 4620 and 4630 feature a buzzer that will sound when the tester’s terminals are connected to a voltage source. The sound volume is proportional to the voltage up to approximately 30 V before stabilizing. -
Page 13: Fault Led Indication - Tips And Solutions
■ A display of < 0 indicates that X and Z or Xv and Y rods are reversed. NOTE: Accuracy may be affected by auxiliary ground rod (Ry, Rz) resistance levels and by stray signal levels (earth currents). Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 14: Operation
The lead resistances will also be measured and should be deducted from the final measurement. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 15 ■ Connect Z to an electrode. ■ Measure as in the 3-Point method. Grounding conductor Metallic Water Pipe (Y-Z shorted) Ground Utility level pole Ω Ground Butt plate Terminals shorted Figure 16 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 16: Continuity Measurement
3. Soil resistivity directly affects the design of a grounding system. When designing an extensive grounding system, the most economical grounding installation requires locating the area with the lowest soil resistivity. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 17: Types Of Resistivity Measurements
(X and Z). The potential drop (a function of the resistance) is then measured across the two innermost electrodes (Xv and Y). The Models 4620 and 4630 are calibrated to read directly in ohms. Ω... -
Page 18: Soil Resistivity Measurement Procedure (4-Point)
• A = distance between electrodes in cm • ρ = resistivity in Ωcm • R = ohms reading obtained on Model 4620/4630 Example 1: For measurement performed in soil with a high limestone content, the reading is R = 225 Ω, with A = 609.6 cm (20 ft). - Page 19 Example 3: If the reading is R = 15: • ρ (resistivity) = 2π x R x A • A (distance between electrodes) = 450 cm • ρ = 6.28 x 15 x 450 = 42,390 Ωcm Ω Figure 19 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 20: How To Use 25 Ω Calibration Checker (Optional Accessory)
3.6 HOW TO USE 25 Ω CALIBRATION CHECKER (OPTIONAL ACCESSORY) The calibration checker is good for both the 4620 and 4630. It has a resistance of 25 Ω. The procedure to use the calibration checker is as follows: ■ Loosen the X, Xv, Y, and Z terminals. -
Page 21: Grounding Theory
Ground Rod and Clamp Contact Resistance Between Rod and Soil Concentric Shells of Earth Figure 3 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 22 ρ π R = resistance in ohms of the ground rod to the earth (or soil). L = grounding electrode length. r = grounding electrode radius. ρ = average resistivity in Ωcm. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 23: Effect Of Ground Electrode Size And Depth On Resistance
In general, doubling the rod length reduces the resistance by an additional 40%. 1" dia. 1/2" dia. 35 40 Driven Depth in Feet Ground Resistance Versus Ground Rod Depth Figure 5 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 24: Effects Of Soil Resistivity On Ground Electrode Resistance
Clay, shale, 4060 16,300 gumbo, loam Same, with varying 1020 15,800 135,000 proportions of sand and gravel Gravel, sand, stones with little 59,000 94,000 458,000 clay or loam Table 1 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 25: Factors Affecting Soil Resistivity
Because soil resistivity directly relates to moisture content and temperature, the resistance of any grounding system will vary throughout the different seasons of the year. Such variations are shown in Figure 6 on the next page. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 26 The Effect of Salt* Content on the Resistivity of Soil (sandy loam, moisture content, 15% by weight, temperature 17°C) Added Salt Resistivity % by weight of moisture (Ωcm) 10,700 1800 Table 4 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 27: Effect Of Ground Rod Depth On Resistance
10,000 Ωcm, a 5/8” OD rod must be driven 20 ft. The values indicated on the Nomograph are based on the assumption that the soil is homogeneous and has uniform resistivity. Therefore, the Nomograph value is an approximation. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 28: Ground Resistance Values
The National Electrical Code (NEC ) states that the resistance to ground ® ® shall not exceed 25 Ω. This is an upper limit and guideline, since much lower resistance is required in many instances. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 29 The National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the ® ® National Fire Protection Association. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 30: Ground Resistance Testing Principle (Fall-Of-Potential-3-Point Measurement)
CURRENT SUPPLY AMMETER (I) VOLTMETER (E) GROUND AUXILIARY AUXILIARY ELECTRODE POTENTIAL CURRENT UNDER TEST ELECTRODE ELECTRODE EARTH Figure 8 NOTE: Terminals X and Xv are shorted together in 3-Point measurement. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 31: Position Of The Auxiliary Electrodes In Measurements
X. The readings should be plotted to ensure that they lie in a “plateau” region as shown in Figure 10. Y Y Y'' Effective Resistance Areas (No Overlap) Reading Variation X-Y Distance Figure 10 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 32: Measuring Resistance Of Ground Electrodes (62% Method)
X or Z, the differences between readings would be significant, and no reading would be within a reasonable band of tolerance. The sensitive areas overlap and act constantly to increase resistance as Y is moved away from X. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 33 Under Test Electrode Electrode Effective 62% of D 38% of D Resistance Areas Do Resistance of Not Overlap Auxiliary Current Electrode Resistance of Earth Electrode Distance from Y to Ground Electrode Figure 13 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 34: Auxiliary Electrode Spacing
The distance of the auxiliary electrodes is now based on the maximum grid distance (e.g. in a square, the diagonal; in a line, the total length). A square with a 20 ft side will have a diagonal of approximately 28 ft. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... - Page 35 120 ft 341 ft 550 ft 140 ft 372 ft 600 ft 160 ft 390 ft 630 ft 180 ft 434 ft 700 ft 200 ft 453 ft 730 ft Table 7 Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630...
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Page 36: Specifications
50 kΩ Response Time: 4 to 8 seconds approx for a stabilized measurement Interference: The Models 4620 & 4630 are designed to reject high levels of interference voltage (DC, 50/60 Hz, harmonics) ■ DC voltage in series with X: 20 V ■... -
Page 37: Mechanical
Case: safety yellow Front panel: gray Mechanical Protection: The Models 4620 and 4630 have successfully undergone all the required mechanical tests and therefore meet all the requirements of the standards EN 61557 and EN 61010. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 38: Environmental
This is done to avoid switching back and forth between ranges when you are measuring 190 Ω. It is possible to display 190.0 or 190 Ω depending on the automatic range selection. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 39: Maintenance
2 Phillips screws holding the latch. Then, free the battery (5) or the batteries (depending on the type of instrument). ■ Remove the 2 Torx screws (6) in the bottom of the battery compartment. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 40: Power Supply
To replace the batteries with rechargeable cells (1.2V - 2 Ah or above, NiCd or NiMH of the same size): ■ Remove the plug under the batteries. ■ Set the switch to the position: NiCd/NiMH. ■ Replace the plug. ■ Insert the 8 rechargeable cells. Digital Ground Resistance Tester Models 4620 & 4630... -
Page 41: Recharging The Battery (Model 4630)
NOTE: The Model 4620 does not have a built-in battery charger. The rechargeable cells will need to be charged outside the instrument 6.3.3 Recharging the Battery (Model 4630) ■ Connect the battery charge connector to wall power. ■ The CHARGE indicator light will turn red. -
Page 42: Cleaning
■ Do not use alcohol, solvents, or hydrocarbons. 6.5 STORAGE If the Model 4620 is not used for a long period of time (two months or more), remove the batteries and store them separately. If the Model 4630 is not used for a long period of time (two months or more), it is recommended to charge the battery for a few hours. -
Page 43: Technical And Sales Assistance
6.8 LIMITED WARRANTY The Models 4620 and 4630 are warrantied to the owner for a period of two years from the date of original purchase against defects in manufacture. This limited warranty is given by AEMC Instruments, not by the distributor from whom it was ®... - Page 44 05/22 99-MAN 100259 v23 AEMC Instruments ® 15 Faraday Drive • Dover, NH 03820 USA Phone: (603) 749-6434 • (800) 343-1391 • Fax: (603) 742-2346 www.aemc.com © Chauvin Arnoux, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC Instruments. All Rights Reserved.
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